11 One Day...

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11. One Day Close Page 1 11. One Day Close Objectives Throughout this course we’ve explored the basics of lean accounting. We’ve talked about reducing transactions, making reporting more useful and dynamic, and aligning financial analysis to how lean organizations operate. Imagine applying those concepts to the most common and frequent batchstyle financial process in most companies: the monthly financial close. In most companies it takes days and perhaps even a week or two to close the books. Imagine doing it in a single day. Don’t think it’s possible? Many lean companies already do this, including multibillion dollar multinationals with operations spread around the globe. Let’s explore the topic in this final teaching lesson of the course. Specifically, by the end of this module you’ll understand a simple way to calculate the costs of closing the books… we’ll also provide some tips to help reduce the timetoclose, and, in the process, we’ll discuss the important difference between being accurate and being precise while preparing the books. Cost of Closing Now, unfortunately, many organizations spend days and even weeks closing their books and preparing financial statements each month… and, even worse, some organizations are lucky to close their books before the middle of the following month! With this said, have you ever wondered how much it’s costing your organization to do this? One way to find out is to do a simple calculation to determine how much time and money is going into preparing financial statements at the end of each month. This table shows a simple way to estimate the cost of closing the books.

Transcript of 11 One Day...

Page 1: 11 One Day Close!theideais!to!do!as!much!work!as!possiblewhileamachineis!running,!whichisanalogoustothe! time!outside!ofthe!closing!window,!and!then!focus!on!improving!the!process!fortasks!thatmustbe!

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11.  One  Day  Close      

Objectives    

Throughout  this  course  we’ve  explored  the  basics  of  lean  accounting.  We’ve  talked  about  reducing  transactions,  making  reporting  more  useful  and  dynamic,  and  aligning  financial  analysis  to  how  lean  organizations  operate.        Imagine  applying  those  concepts  to  the  most  common  and  frequent  batch-­‐style  financial  process  in  most  companies:  the  monthly  financial  close.        In  most  companies  it  takes  days  and  perhaps  even  a  week  or  two  to  close  the  books.    Imagine  doing  it  in  a  single  day.        Don’t  think  it’s  possible?    Many  lean  companies  already  do  this,  including  multi-­‐billion  dollar  multinationals  with  operations  spread  around  the  globe.    Let’s  explore  the  topic  in  this  final  teaching  lesson  of  the  course.        Specifically,  by  the  end  of  this  module  you’ll  understand  a  simple  way  to  calculate  the  costs  of  closing  the  books…  we’ll  also  provide  some  tips  to  help  reduce  the  time-­‐to-­‐close,  and,  in  the  process,  we’ll  discuss  the  important  difference  between  being  accurate  and  being  precise  while  preparing  the  books.          

Cost  of  Closing    Now,  unfortunately,  many  organizations  spend  days  and  even  weeks  closing  their  books  and  preparing  financial  statements  each  month…  and,  even  worse,  some  organizations  are  lucky  to  close  their  books  before  the  middle  of  the  following  month!        With  this  said,  have  you  ever  wondered  how  much  it’s  costing  your  organization  to  do  this?    One  way  to  find  out  is  to  do  a  simple  calculation  to  determine  how  much  time  and  money  is  going  into  preparing  financial  statements  at  the  end  of  each  month.        This  table  shows  a  simple  way  to  estimate  the  cost  of  closing  the  books.            

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Simply  list  everyone  from  the  accounting  group  that’s  involved  in  the  process,  then  write  down  the  day  within  the  closing  window  that  they  start  helping  as  well  as  the  day  the  final  report  is  ready.      In  the  above  example,  Sally  starts  helping  on  the  4th  day  of  closing  the  books.    Since  the  final  report  comes  out  on  the  10th,  she’s  been  involved  for  6  days.        From  this  simple  method  you  can  see  how  many  days  each  month  are  dedicated  to  closing  the  books.    In  this  example,  about  45  total  days  each  month,  which  is  540  days  for  the  year.    In  an  organization  that  works  Monday  through  Friday  there  are  260  working  days  available  each  year  and  for  7  people  that  makes  a  total  of  1,820  available  days  for  work.    540  days  is  30%  of  the  total  time  available!        To  calculate  the  financial  cost  you  might  consider  using  a  simple  average  salary  instead  of  exact  salaries  for  each  person.    You  can,  of  course,  use  exact  figures  if  that  works  better  for  you.        In  the  above  example,  $8,653  per  month  or  more  than  $103,000  per  year  are  being  spent.    And,  to  make  matters  even  worse,  all  this  effort  is  spent  generating  information  that’s  likely  already  out-­‐of-­‐date!        

Quick  Closing  Tips    What  each  organization  needs  to  determine  is  whether  this  makes  business  sense…  if  it  doesn’t  we’d  like  to  present  some  quick  closing  tips  that,  when  implemented,  should  radically  improve  your  end  of  month  closing  process.        As  always,  your  organization  will  have  to  consider  what  works  best  for  you  so  feel  free  to  adapt  the  following  advice  accordingly.      

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 The  first  tip  is  “Don’t  just  fix  the  numbers,  fix  the  problem.”    You  see,  many  organizations  spend  a  lot  of  time  making  corrections  to  last  month’s  books  without  asking  why  there  was  a  mistake  in  the  first  place.    You  can  eliminate  a  lot  of  transactions  and  reduce  time-­‐to-­‐close  by  encouraging  people  to  be  problem  solvers  and  investigate  why  there’s  a  mistake  that  needs  correcting,  and  then  start  fixing  the  problems!        The  second  tip  is  “If  it  isn’t  important,  it  can  wait.”    When  you  look  over  your  current  end-­‐of-­‐month  journal  entries,  you  might  find  that  many  of  them  are  fixes  for  insignificant  amounts  of  money  that  really  don’t  provide  useful  information  for  making  decisions.        And,  rest  assured,  according  to  the  materiality  principle  you’re  not  required  to  report  amounts  that  are  too  small  to  make  a  difference.        The  third  tip  is  to  “Move  transactions  out  of  the  closing  window.”    While  some  things,  like  income  taxes,  can’t  be  done  before  the  end  of  the  month,  you’ll  likely  find  several  that  can  be  done  outside  of  the  closing  window,  such  as  depreciations,  payroll,  and  warranty  reserves.        If  you’re  familiar  with  SMED,  or  single  minute  exchange  of  dies,  you’ll  probably  see  the  similarities.    With  SMED,  the  idea  is  to  do  as  much  work  as  possible  while  a  machine  is  running,  which  is  analogous  to  the  time  outside  of  the  closing  window,  and  then  focus  on  improving  the  process  for  tasks  that  must  be  done  while  the  machine  is  stopped,  which  is  similar  to  the  closing  window.        Of  course,  if  you’re  not  familiar  with  the  SMED  process  we’d  invite  you  to  study  our  Quick  Changeover  Course!        Let’s  take  payroll  as  an  example.    Many  people  use  outside  payroll  services,  which  means  they  need  to  transfer  the  payroll  information  they  receive  to  the  general  ledger  to  close  the  books  each  month.        If  you’re  waiting  until  the  end  of  the  month  to  deal  with  these  transactions  consider  adding  them  to  the  general  ledger  when  they’re  received;  or,  even  better,  find  out  if  the  payroll  service  can  provide  electronic  records  to  eliminate  the  need  to  manually  transfer  the  data.        The  next  tip  is  to  “Choose  accuracy  over  precision.”  For  example,  reporting  something  as  29.63%  might  be  very  accurate  and  precise,  but  30%  is  also  accurate.    Of  course,  if  you  can  be  both  accurate  and  precise  that’s  great…  but  there  are  always  tradeoffs  and  often  the  numbers  you’re  dealing  with  are  estimates,  such  as  with  warranty  reserves.        The  matching  principle  says  that  an  organization  must  show  a  projected  warranty  expense  whenever  a  product  is  shipped.    Estimating  warranty  expenses  can  take  up  a  lot  of  time  but  the  estimate  doesn’t  do  much  to  improve  overall  understanding  of  the  company  and  product  performance,  so  why  not  keep  the  estimation  process  simple.        For  example,  use  prior  warranty  costs,  say  last  years,  and  calculate  them  as  a  percentage  of  sales.    Then,  use  this  percentage  to  estimate  monthly  warranty  reserves  by  taking  the  current  month  sales  times  the  

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percentage  you  calculated.        To  move  this  process  outside  of  the  closing  window,  take  the  sales  for  all  but  the  last  day  of  the  month  and  then  estimate  the  final  day  sales  using  a  method  that  makes  sense  based  on  prior  sales  trends.        Remember,  this  is  just  an  estimate,  so  worrying  about  being  precise  is  not  important,  but  continually  review  the  numbers  to  make  sure  they’re  accurate.        This  might  require  making  occasional  changes  to  the  ratio.  Remember,  a  sophisticated  calculation  doesn’t  make  it  more  useful,  so  if  you  can  keep  it  simple  it  will  be  easier  for  everyone.        The  final  tip  we  have  for  making  it  easy  to  close  the  books  is  to  continuously  review  the  transactions  that  occur  at  closing.        And  let  the  process  owner  decide  if  his  or  her  task  is  value  added.    That  way,  no  one  is  offended  by  someone  else  telling  them  their  work  isn’t  worth  it!        

Do  We  Need  to  Close?    Lastly,  we’ll  leave  you  with  one  final  question  to  ask  yourselves:  Do  you  need  to  close  the  books  every  month?    As  your  organization  becomes  capable  of  closing  the  books  in  very  little  time,  you  might  start  asking  yourselves  what  the  value  of  closing  the  books  each  month  is.        To  be  clear,  we’re  not  recommending  you  stop  closing  your  books,  but  we  do  suggest  you  consider  the  reason  for  why  you  go  through  the  effort  to  ensure  it’s  a  valuable  process.    The  value  might  simply  be  to  celebrate  the  monthly  success,  or  the  information  might  be  used  to  make  strategic  decisions.        Remember,  providing  visual  and  understandable  feedback  is  a  daily  activity,  so  don’t  feel  you  need  to  wait  for  the  financial  report  at  the  end  of  the  month  to  make  improvements!        OK,  that  wraps  up  this  module  and,  at  least  for  now,  the  final  teaching  lesson  of  this  course.    As  we’ve  mentioned  throughout  this  course  Lean  Accounting  isn’t  an  easy  topic  to  master…  so  feel  free  to  review  the  videos  in  this  course  as  many  times  as  you’d  like.        And  we’d  also  encourage  you  to  seek  out  additional  information  related  to  lean  accounting…  which  is  precisely  what  we’re  going  to  focus  on  in  our  next  module!