qarTuli ena 6

samuSao rveuli

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saxeli da gvari __________________________saxeli __________________________

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winasityvaoba

samuSao rveulSi yuradReba gamaxvilebulia morfologiis sakiTxebze, kerZod saxe leb ze, ganxi lulia orTografiis, punqtua ciis, leqsi kis, fra zeologiis, stilis zogierTi as peqti. daniSnule bis mi xed viT, masala ramdenime rubrikaSia ganawilebu­li:

rub rikiT `vimeorebT~ mocemu lia kon kretuli sakiTxis mok le ganmarteba, bru­ne bis nimuSebi, cxrilebi da sxva, rac moswavles saSualebas miscems, gaimeoros sa kiTxebi da Seasrulos savarjiSoebi. Sesabamisi savarjiSoebi warmodgeni lia rub­ri kaSi `vwerT sworad~; rubrika `gavaaqtiuroT cod na~ moswavles sTavazobs teqsts, romelSic gan zrax daSvebu lia ramdenime Secdoma. man unda ipovos isini da gaas­woros.

sasveni niSnebi yovelTvis problema iyo moswavleTaT vis da problemadve rCe ba. momdevno rubrika _ ̀ oh, es sasve ni niSnebi!..~ swored am problemis daZlevas Se uwyobs xels. mcireoden ganmartebasTan erTad aq mocemulia wina da de bebi da teqstebi, romlebSic moswavlem Sesabamisi sasveni niSnebi unda dasvas.

krebulSi isic gaTvaliswinebulia, rom moswavleebs sakmaod mwiri leqsikuri maragi aqvT da cudad icnoben frazeologizmebs. am xarvezis aRmosafxvre lad maT mra valferovan savarjiSoebs vTavazobT rubrikebiT: `leqsika _ sityvebi... sity­vebi... da `frazeologia~. aq mocemuli savarjiSoebi agebulia rogorc sityvi sa da frazeologiis mniSvnelobis codnaze, ise Sesabamis konteqstSi maTi ga moyene bis unaris Semowmebaze. es savarjiSoebi daex ma re ba moswavles leqsikis gamdidrebasa da weriTi da ze pir metyvelebis gaumjobesebaSi.

rubrikaSi `stilisturi problemebi~ SemoTavazebulia sti listuri Secdomebis dasaZlevad gamiznuli savarjiSoebi; rub ri ka `vwerT oficialuri eniT~ moswavles gaacnobs enobriv saSualebebsa da nimuSebs oficialuri dokumen te bis Se saqmnelad. aqve mocemulia mravalferovani davalebebi imi saTvis, rom mos wavles aseTi do­kumentebis sworad Se dgenis Cveva gamoumuSavdes.

weriTi davalebebia warmodgenili rubrikaSi `vwerT Tavisuflad Tavisufal Te­maze~. moswavles saSualeba eZ leva, Tavisuflad iazrovnos da imsjelos rubrika Si mo cemul sakiTxebze.

rubrikaSi `SevamowmoT Cveni codna~ SemoTavazebulia testebi, romlebiTac mos­wavle Tavis codnas Seamowmebs.

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I Tavi

I. arsebiTi saxelis brunebis nimuSi

vimeorebT

brunvebi

saxelobiTi eqim­i xavs­i stumar­i droSa

moTxrobiTi eqim­ma xavs­ma stumar­ma droSa­m

micemiTi eqim­s xavs­s stumar­s droSa­s

naTesaobiTi eqim­is xavs­is stumr­is droS­is

moqmedebiTi eqim­iT xavs­iT stumr­iT droS­iT

viTarebiTi eqim­ad xavs­ad stumr­ad droS­ad

wodebiTi eqim­o xavs­o stumar­o droSa­v

vwerT sworad

1. ipoveT da gaasworeT Secdoma, imsjeleT da daasabuTeT, romelia swori forma da ratom:a) 1. eqima kargi daniSnuleba momca da or dReSi gamov jan mrTeldi.

2. meri maswavlebelaT ukve oci welia muSaobs.3. es naxati mamaCema da dedaCema maCuqes dabadebis dReze.4. ufros unda daujero!5. es Cveni sofelis nobaTia!6. nana 7 mais aris dabadebuli Tu 7 ivnis?7. amaRam vaxSamaT ra gvaqvs? _ hkiTxa luarsabma darejans.8. irema raRac xmauri gaigona da yurebi cqvita.9. es kerZi cxvaris xorciTaa gakeTebuli?10. me araferi momiparavs, sindis geficebiT! _ yviroda axal gazrda.

b) 1. sandros Zalian uyvars qaTamis xorci.2. gema napirisaken aiRo gezi. 3. mzes sxivze nami aelvarda.4. irakli axal tanisamos Caicvams. 5. biWebi TuTas xes qveS isxdnen da erTmaneTs sasacilo ambebs uyvebodnen.6. patarebis mier mowyobilma zeima Zalian gagvaxara.7. axalgazrda xelmwifeTi yvela kmayofili iyo, qveyanas kargad marTavda da

xalxsac Zalian uyvarda.8. es wigni Cemi mezobelisaa da xval unda davubruno.9. loma daiRriala da Tavis bokvers dauwyo Zebna.10. dedaCema gverdiT gamixmo da miTxra: Cveni maspinZelis Svils SenTan saubari

unda da daelaparakeo.Don't

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2. CasviT mocemuli saxeli Sesabamis brunvaSi da dawereT swori formiT:a) 1. am ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ tari cnobil ostats daumzadebia XIX saukuneSi. (xanjali)

2. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ wveni Zalian sasargebloa bav SvebisaTvis. (alubali)3. es sazeimo saRamo ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ moawyo. (biZaCemi) 4. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ daketva ar dagaviwydes! _ miaZaxa mamam Svils. (WiSkari)5. saiubileo saRamo daniSnulia 15 ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (ivlisi)6. biZaSeni ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ muSaobs skolaSi Tu ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­? (direqtori, maswavlebeli)7. avtobusi ramdenime wuTSi miuaxlovdeba ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (quTaisi)8. mZimed datvirTulma ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Wriali daiwyo. (uremi)9. am ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ zepirad iswavli zeimisaTvis? (leqsi)10. ramdenime ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ iseT nerviulobaSi gaiara, TiTqos ramdenime saaTi

gagrZelebuliyo. (wami)b) 1. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ ar gakvirvebia stumrebis ase gvian mosvla. (diasaxlisi)

2. ­­­­­­­­­­­­ kalapoti didma wvimebma Secvala. (mdinare)3. am ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ ver davxatav, wveri ar aqvs. (fanqari)4. es patara gogona Cveni ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Svilia. (mebaRe)5. es nedli xea da ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ ar gamodgeba. (SeSa)6. erTi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ WikWiki gazafxuls ver moiyvanso. (mercxali)7. diliT ­­­­­­­­­­­­­ yivilma gaaRviZa stumari. (mamali)8. am ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ ris gakeTebas apireb? (ficari)9. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ wels saerTod ar moisxa. (Werami)10. ramdenime ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ es sakiTxi kargad aqvs Seswavlili. (istorikosi)

3. miuwereT mocemul saxelebs miTiTebuli brunvis formebi:a)

saxeli moTxrobiTi micemiTi viTarebiTilomiTbilisiromijamiinglisisaxnisiborjomiTasiklasiSxamisalaminemsiaqlemiankesisuramiwamwamifizikosicomiTxiliskamixalisiomi Do

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b)

saxeli naTesaobiTi moqmedebiTi viTarebiTi mravlobiTimsxaliakvanimkvlevariSvelimamalityemiwamagidasuframgeliwyalimxatvarinamgaliaivanimaspinZelikalami

II. sakuTari saxelis brunebis nimuSi

vimeorebT

brunvebi

saxelobiTi guram­i giorgi mariam maCabel­i baton­i daviT­i

moTxrobiTi guram­ma giorgi­m mariam maCabel­ma baton­ma daviT­ma

micemiTi guram­s giorgi­s mariam maCabel­s baton daviT­s

naTesaobiTi guram­is giorgi­s mariam maCabl­is baton­i daviT­is

moqmedebiTi guram­iT giorgi­iT mariam maCabl­iT baton­i daviT­iT

viTarebiTi guram­ad giorgi­d mariam maCabl­ad baton daviT­ad

wodebiTi guram giorgi mariam maCabel­o baton­o daviT

• adamianis sakuTari saxeli arc ikumSeba da arc ikveceba;• ikumSeba mxolod ori gvari: wereTeli, maCabeli (wereTlis, maCablis...);• ­Ze­ze daboloebuli gvarebi ikveceba (baqraZis...);• ­a­ze, ­ua­sa da ­va­ze daboloebuli gvarebi mxolobiTSi ar ikveceba, mravlobiTSi

_ ikveceba (gaguasi, gaguebi...);• geografiuli (adgilis) saxelebi ise ibrunvis, rogorc saTanado fuZis sazogado

arsebiTi saxelebi, magram maT ara aqvT mravlobiTi ricxvis forma;• mimarTvisas aucileblad unda gamoviyenoT sakuTari sa xelis fuZe. • fuZis gasagebad sakuTar saxels SeiZleba davurToT gvari (oTar gegeSiZe, fuZea

oTar).• siis Sedgenisas saxeli fuZis formiT unda iyos war modgenili, winadadebaSi ki is

Sesabamisi brunvis formaSi Caismeba. Don't

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vwerT sworad

4. ipoveT da gaasworeT Secdoma, imsjeleT da daasabuTeT, romelia swori forma da ratom:

1. baton nodarma Zalian kargi moxseneba waikiTxa.2. es CanTa salomisaa.3. eTero, aq modi, Sen gelodebi!4. akaki wereTelis `Cemi Tavgadasavali~ anas usayvarlesi wignia.5. valerma Zalian kargad warmoTqva leqsi.6. es naxati Tamazim maCuqa.7. me vuTxari oTaris, rom ar unda daegviana da mainc daagviana.8. nestan­darejnis saxe `vefxistyaosanSi~ metad mniSvne lovania.9. es yvavilebi vaxtangim mogvarTva.10. rodis aris qalbaton qeTevanis dabadebis dRe?

5. dawereT mocemuli sakuTari saxelebis brunvis formebi:

sakuTari saxeli

moTxrobiTi micemiTi naTesaobiTi wodebiTi

anastasiaantoniandriaapoloniarCiliarmaziaslanialisaananoanetaasmaTibabilinabarbarebelaborenabaakabaramibaqaribaCanaberdiabiZinaborisigvaramigiuliguranduxti Do

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6. CasviT winadadebaSi sakuTari saxeli swori formiT:1. me Zalian mindoda ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ gamofenis daTvaliereba

(batoni arCil gomiaSvili).2. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Zalian kargi moxseneba waikiTxa da misi xelmZRvanelic

kmayofili iyo (vamexi).3. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ leqsebi JurnalSi wavikiTxe da Zalian momewona.

(qalbatoni elisabed maRalaSvili).4. es wigni visia? _ ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ (elizbari).5. ratom ar miTxra ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, Tu safexburTo Sexvedra xvalisTvis

iyo daniSnuli? (batoni vitali).6. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Tavi damnaSaved igrZno da bodiSic moixada (zaali).7. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ gancxadeba dRes gada eca skolis direqtors

(qalbatoni TinaTini).8. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ sofeli xevsureTSia da yovel zafxuls iq midis (TorRva).9. am filmis gmirma, ­­­­­­­­­­­­, mayurebeli aRfrTovanebuli datova (mzevinari).10. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Zalian kmayofili arian ucxoeli biznesmenebi,

misi gamogoneba Zalian saintereso aRmoCnda (batoni Teimurazi).

7. gaasworeT Secdomebi:1. nika da guram maCabelebi Zmebi arian.2. mosacdelSi mSobeli gelodebaT. _ visi mSobelia? _ mariam gabuniis.3. batono nodari, Tqven rodis iqnebiT Tavisufali?4. levani, male amodi saxlSi, stumrebi gelodebian!5. wereTelebi ZiriTadad saCxeris raionSi cxovroben.6. eTero mamida axla germaniaSia.7. eko, male moxval saxlSi?8. mariam miqaZes dabadebis mowmoba skolis samdivnoSi ar aris da saswrafod unda

moitanos. 9. gagniZev, nu laparakob, momismine!10. abramiSvili, ratom ar daeswari wris Sekrebas?

III. ori saxelis erTad bruneba

vimeorebT

brunvebi

saxelobiTi eqimi daviT beriZe meufe daviTi mama daviTi

moTxrobiTi eqimma daviT beriZem meufe daviTma mama daviTma

micemiTi eqim daviT beriZes meufe daviTs mama daviTs

naTesaobiTi eqim daviT beriZis meufe daviTis mama daviTis

moqmedebiTi eqim daviT beriZiT meufe daviTiT mama daviTiT

viTarebiTi eqim daviT beriZed meufe daviTad mama daviTad

wodebiTi eqimo daviT beriZe meufe daviT mamao daviT

SeniSvna: mimarTvis forma `mamao daviT~ gavrcelebulia sasaubro metyvelebaSi, Tumca gramatikuli normis mixedviT swor formad miCneulia `mama daviT~.Do

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vwerT sworad

8. ipoveT da gaasworeT Secdoma, imsjeleT da daasabuTeT, romelia swori forma da ratom:

1. mxatvar niko firosmanma araerTi mniSvnelovani da msoflioSi cnobili naxti Seqmna.

2. mamao miqaelma aRsarebis dRe xuTSabaTi daniSna. 3. samdivnoSi Semovida studentis maia miqaZis gancxadeba.4. profesori balavaZis leqcia xval Catardeba.5. mamao grigolis qadagebas yovelTvis bevri xalxi eswreba.6. mwerali aleqsandre yazbegis moTxrobebi Zalian sainteresoa.7. poeti akaki wereTliT mTeli saqarTvelo amayobs.8. profesori natalia gagniZis axali wigni sainteresoa ara marto studentebisaTvis,

aramed yvela mkiTxve lisaTvis.9. mamao konstantines qadageba guSin movismine pirvelad da Zalian momewona.10. parlamentari gegeSiZis guSindeli gamosvla metad mniSvnelovan sakiTxebs

exeboda.

gavaaqtiuroT codna

9. ipoveT teqstSi Secdomebi da gaasworeT:yurZeni sruliaT damsaxurebulaT iTvleba noyier, sam kurnalo kvebis produqtaT.

masSi didi raodenobiT aris vitaminebi. yurZenis marcvalebi gansxvavdebian er­Tma neTisagan feriT, formiT da zomiT, zogi maTgani mog rZo formisaa, umetesoba ki mrgvali. igi iyofa saRvine, saqiS miSe da sasufre yurZenebad. samurabeT kargia TeTri msxvil marcvliani yurZeni.

oh, es sasveni niSnebi!..

sasveni niSnebi dawerili teqstis azris gagebaSi gvex mareba. maTi xmareba garkveul problemas warmoadgens, magram Tu kargad gavaanalizebT da gaviazrebT, maSin ma Ti gamoyeneba aRar gagviWirdeba. sasveni niSnebis xmare bas Tavisi wesebi da principebi aqvs, rasac punqtuacia ewodeba. kargad werisa da sasveni niSnebis sworad gamo yenebisaTvis garkveuli codnaa saWiro. am rubrikiT ga gacnobT sasveni niSnebis daweris principebs. aqve mo cemuli iqneba savarjiSoebi, romlebic sasveni niSnebis gareSea warmodgenili, Tqven isini unda dasvaT, Semdeg ki daasabuToT, ratom gamoiyeneT esa Tu is sasveni niSani.

axla vnaxoT, romeli sasveni niSani ra SemTxvevaSi iwereba:wertili (.) _ iwereba azris dasrulebis Semdeg. Cveulebriv, winadadeba

dasrulebul azrs gadmoscems da mis bolos wertili iwereba. erTi winadadeba meorisagan wertiliT gamoiyofa. magaliTad: gaTenda. mze amovida. Citebma WikWiki daiwyes.

mZime (,) _ iwereba: 1. erTgvar wevrebs Soris: dabadebis dReze davpatiJe Cemi megobrebi, amxanagebi, mezoblebi, Tanaklaselebi. 2. zogierTi sityvisa da gamoTqmis gamo sayofad: Cemi azriT, male unda movides. samwuxarod, Sex vedraze yvela ar movida. es sakiTxi, ra Tqma unda, bevrs ainteresebs. 3. erTi winadadebis Semadgenel Do

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winadadebaTa sazRvarze: giorgi movida, magram araferi ar moutania. es maSin miTxra, roca CemTan iyo.

kiTxvis niSani (?) _ iwereba SekiTxvis gamomxatveli wina dadebis bolos. magaliTad: vin movida? movida stumari? ki TxviTi winadadebis warmoTqma gansxvavdeba TxrobiTi (anu faqtis gamomxatveli) winadadebis warmoTqisagan. Tu kiTx viT winadadebaSi kiTxvis gamomxatveli sityvaa, maSin max vili masze modis, Tu ar aris, maSin maxvili zmnazea: vin’ movida? ra’ moitana? moitane’ wigni? uTxari’ simarTle?

Zaxilis niSani (!) _ iwereba iseTi winadadebis bolos, romelic raime grZnobas (mowonebas, aRfrTovanebas, SiSs, aRSfoTebas, dacinvas, gaocebas...) gamoxatavs. magaliTad: ra lamazia! saocrebaa! ver wamoval! es usamarTlobaa! yoCaR, sworad moiqeci!

kiTxva­Zaxilis niSani (?!) _ iwereba iseTi winadadebis bo los, romelic kiTxvasac gamoxatavs da raime grZnobasac. magaliTad: ase unda moqceuliyavi?! ram gagagiJa?! gjera, rasac is ambobs?!

orwertili (:) _ iwereba dialogis win. magaliTad: giorgim hkiTxa: _ male moxval? dedam upasuxa: _ cota damagviandeba.

mravalwertili (...) _ iwereba dausrulebeli azris an CamonaTvalis Semdeg. magaliTad: me... me... moica... ar vici, ra giTxra... _ ambobda dabneuli gogona. saqarTveloSi cxovro ben qarTvelebi, ukrainelebi, somxebi, azerbaijanelebi, qurTebi...

tire (_) _ 1. iwereba dialogebSi, tireTi gamoiyofa erTi mosaubris sityvebi meorisagan. magaliTad:

_ wigni moitane? _ hkiTxa giorgim._ ara, ar momitania, _ Cumad upasuxa ninim. 2. gamotovebuli wevris nacvlad. magaliTad: im erTs meore mohyva, meores _ mesame

(gamotovebulia `mohyva~).Tu dialogSi CarTulia avtoris sityvebi, maSin igi amgvarad iwereba: _ rogor

arian Seni mSoblebi? _ hkiTxa moxucma axalgazrdas. _ didi xania, ar minaxavs.

10. dasviT teqstSi sasveni niSnebi da imsjeleT, romeli sasveni niSani sad da ratom gamoiyeneT:a)

erTxel

cnobil frang moigavarakes lafontens Cveulebad hqon da yovel diliT Semwvari vaSlis Wama erT dilas vaSli Sesawvavad Rumelze dado TviTon ki biblioTekaSi gavida wignis mosatanad amasobaSi megobari estumra man Rumelze Semwvari vaSli SeamCnia aiRo da SeWama ukan dabrunebulma lafontenma ikiTxa

vin SeWama vaSlime ar SemiWamia upasuxa megobarmaoh kidev kargi is vaSli dariSxaniT movwamle Tagve bisTvisras ambob maS movwamlulvar _ ayvirda sasowarkveTili megobarinu geSinia damSviddi. me mxolod Seni gamotexa msurda

b)Segoneba

erT sazogadoebaSi axalgazrda qalma gamoCenil mwerals jorj bernard Sous SekiTxvebiT Tavi moabezraDo

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mainc ratom aqvs adamians ori yuri da erTi ena _ ar eSveboda qaliimitom rom bevri visminoT da naklebi vilaparakoT mi ugo mweralma

g)amindis cvlilebebi

msoflios udidesi momRerali enriko karuzo ramdenime speqtaklis Casatareblad parizSi Cavida pirveli gamosvlis Semdeg gacivda da simRera veRar SeZlo operis direqtori mRelvarebam Seipyro

aba ra unda vqna ver gamigia rogor moaxerxeT zafxulSi gaciebaagixsniT uTxra momReralma darbazSi jer msmenelTa taS ma ifeTqa mere ovaciis qariSxali

atyda sabolood ki kri ti kis gulcivoba mohyva gana es sakmarisi mizezi ar aris

d)madiani pasuxi

saRamo mSvidobisa batono barono miesalma quCaSi erT cnobil poets nacnobi saidan mobrZandebiT

restornidanra miirTviT indauriramdeni iyaviTorni meore vin iyoindauri

leqsika _ sityvebi... sityvebi...

11. daukavSireT erTmaneTs sityva da misi ganmarteba:

mrwemi  •

bogano •

daraia •

kaparWi •

natusali •

nazuqi •

kankeli •

zraxva •

bogiri •

birka •

• laparaki, saubari, metyveleba.

• matylis an bambis namwvis suni.

• isrebis Casawyobi bude.

• patara xidi, Cveulebriv xisa.

• zogierTi balaxis ekliani nayo fi.

• umcrosi.

• Raribi, Rataki, arafris mqone.

• abreSumis qsovili.

• rZeSi mozelili, kvercxwasmuli da ToneSi gamom­cxvari puri.

• xatebiT Semkuli, CarCoiani tixari eklesiaSi, ro me lic sakurTxevels danarCeni darbazidan gamo yofs.Don't

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SeadgineT winadadebebi zemoT mocemuli sityvebis gamo yenebiT:

12. iciT Tu ara am zmnebis mniSvneloba? daukavSireT er TmaneTs zmnis forma da ganmarteba.

aabdRvrialebs •aakokolebs •

azluqundeba • aimrizeba •aitkeCeba •

awikvindeba • baqiaobs •

gaabiabruebs • gaapipinebs •

gaaspetakebs •

• kaSkaSs daawyebinebs.• xmiT atirdeba.• gaaTeTrebs.• kuTxis zedapiri astydeba, moemtvreva.• wvrili xmiT ayvirdeba.• erTmaneTze dadgams, simaR leze daawyobs bevr rames.• trabaxobs, ikvexnis. • arafrad Caagdebs, abuCad aig debs. • wyenas daimCnevs, warbs Se ik ravs.• piramde gaavsebs WurWels.

SeadgineT winadadebebi zemoT mocemuli zmnebis gamo yene biT:

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13. iciT am sityvebis mniSvneloba? isini ucxo enebidan Semosuli sityvebia, magram qarTul enaSi damkvidrda da xSirad gamoiyeneba. SeamowmeT Tqveni codna.

abiturienti •

absurdi •

avantiura •

avtografi •

aTleti •

bordiuri •

bukinisti •

girlanda •

globaluri •

golfi •

• qvis filebis zoli, romelic ga keTe bulia quCis an gzis napirebis gas wvriv tro tuarebisa da gazonebis gamosa yofad.

• Zveli da iSviaTi wignebiT movaWre.• Seusabamoba, uazroba.• raime nawarmoebis xelnaweri, TviT av toris xeliT Sesru­

lebuli.• sportuli TamaSi: specialuri jo xis dartymiT cdiloben,

rezinis bur Tebi fosoSi (xvrelSi) Caagdon.• 1. sportsmeni, romelic aTletikas (Cve ulebriv, Zalosnobas)

misdevs. 2. brge da Ronieri kaci.• moswavle, romelic saSualo skolas am Tav rebs, umaRles

saswavlebelSi Semsv leli.• jaWviviT erTmaneTSi Cawnuli yva vilebi, foTlebi, totebi, ri­

Tac rTa ven oTaxebs, Senobebs dResas waulebze; yvavilwnuli. • 1. saerTo, mTliani, erTad aRebuli. 2. rac mTel msoflios

moicavs. • realuri Zalebisa da pirobebis ga uT valiswineblad, SemTxveviTi

war matebis imediT wamowyebuli saqme.

SeadgineT winadadebebi zemoT mocemuli sityvebis gamo yenebiT:

14. saerTod, leqsikonis Sedgenisas sityvis ganmarteba amgvarad xdeba: leqsikonis Semdgeni kargad gaiazrebs, gaaanalizebs teqsts, konteqsts (gansamartavi sityvis Semcvel mcire zomis nawyvets) da maTi gaTvaliswinebiT daadgens sityvis mniSvnelobas. Semdeg am sityvas ganmartebas miuwers. saleqsikono erTeuls aseve axlavs konteqsti, anu is teqsti, romelSic dasturdeba igi. es leqsikonis momxmarebelsac uadvilebs sityvis mniSvnelobis gagebas.

vcadoT da Cven TviTon SevadginoT mcire leqsikoni. saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemul teqstebSi zogierTi sityva SeiZleba gaugebari

iyos, magram teqstis an konteqstis gaT valiswinebiT, gaazrebiT igi gasagebi xdeba. ecadeT, Tavad ganmartoT es sityvebi mocemuli konteqstis mi xedviT.Do

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1. bululi, Tivis bululi _ `erTxel, patara rom viyavi, tyeSi wavediT saseirnod. roca daviRaleT, amiyvana da Tivis bululze Semsva. vijeqi im rbil bululze da wiTel vaSls vWamdi~ (r. inaniSvili).2. tabiki _ `Rvinia da kudvarda ferdobze sZovdnen. mivida ivane _ mxarzeuRelgadebuli, moRuSuli. uReli CamoiRo, rki nis tabiki amoaZro, Rvinias yurSi xeli Cahkida~ (r. ina niSvili).

3. gamtknardeba _ `gamovarda samaswavleblodan direqtori, ver gaveqeci. wamwvda yurSi da SemaTria klasSi. maswavlebeli gamtknar da, sul Sublze isvamda xels~ (r. inaniSvili).

4. tolaRebi _ `xSirad vxedav xolme cocxals. modis, ai, zustad ise Ti, mocinari, baTinkebi acvia. kanWebze tolaRebi aqvs dax ve uli. jdeba kibis Tavze da muxlebze idebs avtomats~ (r. ina niSvili).5. cinikosi _`erTi sityviT, jo da delia usazRvrod bednierebi iyvnen, sanam fuli hqondaT. ase bednieria yvela... magram me ar minda cinikosi viyo~ (o’henri).

6. eskizi _`majisterma momiwona ca im eskizSi, parkSi rom davxate, _ Tqva jom~ (o’henri).

7. mtkaveli _ arSini _`kviris bolos, sinaziT da siamayiT aRsavse, Tumca daRlilma, deliam sadResaswaulo ieriT daagdo sami xuTdolariani asignacia rva mtkaveli siganis da aTi mtkaveli sigrZis magidaze, romelic idga rva arSinis siganisa da aTi arSini sigrZis sastumro oTaxSi~ (o’henri).

8. cecxlfareSi _`ukve ori kviraa, rac cecxlfareSad vmuSaob am samrecxaoSi~ (o’henri).

9. juba _`did biWs mokle, Tbili juba acvia.~ (T. bibiluri)

10. ulayi _ `am, orSi didi biWi ulayiviT miWixvinobs, patara biWi jer isev daunalavi kviciviT.~ (T. bibiluri)

Tqveni ganmartebebi SeudareT krebulis bolos moce muli leqsikonis gan­martebebs. Do

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frazeologia 15. daukavSireT erTmaneTs frazeologiuri gamonaTqvami da misi mniSvneloba, Semdeg SeavseT winadadebebi Sesaferisi gamoTqmebiT:

aitkivebs autkivar Tavs •

am sofliT gasula •

aiyris tans •

almacerad ucqeris •

aeSleba balani, Tma •

ainunSiac ar agdebs •

alRos auRebs •

amoiRebs niSanSi •

amoiZuebs kuds •

amoiWris gulSi •

• eWviT uyurebs, ar endoba.• moindomebs, gadawyvets. • Tofs daumiznebs. • miuxvdeba, gaugebs, gaiaz rebs.• gaecleba iqaurobas, gaipa reba, gaiZurweba Ser­

cxve nili. • angariSs ar uwevs, yu rad Rebas ar aqcevs, ara f­

rad ar miaCnia. • Tavs Seiwuxebs imaze, rac ar sWirdeba an ar

exeba. • eldisagan, SiSisagan Tma yalyze daudgeba,

Zalian SeeSindeba, SeZrwundeba.• gaizrdeba simaRleSi.• gardacvlila, momkvdara.

1. samxedro samsaxuri ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (akaki)2. pantem oxvameskaris movla­patronoba daivala. vin sTxova? risTvis ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­?~ (n wuleiskiri)3. `aRsavlis karebTan is sami meomari esvena ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­.~

(akaki)4. gafiTrebul gabriels SiSisagan ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­.5. vai­Tu iranis lommac [Sah­abasmac] iq ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­?!~

(akaki) 6. `biWunam gaguliseba ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ da Tavisi saqme

mainc ganagrZo.~ (d. Sengelaia)7. `mxrebamde Zlivs mwvdeboda. mec sakmaod ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­.~ (a. sulakauri)8. `petre Tavidanve ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Teimurazs,

CumCumad yoraniviT dasCxaoda.~ (m. javaxiSvili)9. `mRvdelma ivanem ufro gvian ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ axal

cxovrebas da anafora Coxaze gacvala.~ (m. javaxiSvili)10. `glaxuki gadga ganze, wamoiCoqa cal muxlze da qori ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­.~

(akaki)

16. amoiwereT frazeologiuri gamoTqmebi da Tavad ganmarteT:1. arc vacie da arc vacxele da saqmis mogvareba daviwye.2. arc flavi, arc Clavi, isev isea yvelaferi, rogorc iyo. 3. samjer mivwere werili, magram misgan baiburic ar ismis. 4. mas Semdeg bevrma wyalma Caiara, mec gavizarde, isic... erT dRes Sevxvdi da

veRar micno.5. `CemTvis ra bedenaa, Seni Wirime, rogorc Sen ginda~ (ilia).6. `bedma mdevarma Sen Tu ar mogiswro, Sens Svilebs mainc wamoeweva da kbilebiT

dahglejs!~ (m. javaxiSvili).Don't

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7. im wels did mosavals elodnen da ojaxis fexze dayenebasac fiqrobdnen, magram bedma umuxTlaT da ise wavida saqme, rom vals vali miemata.

8. Wkvianad iyavi, bedisweras nu autanixar, kargad gaiazre, ras akeTeb da mere ise moiqeci!

9. arc ki vici, rogoraa, dilidan oTaxSi Caiketa da bol Tas scems... arc is vici, rodemde iqneba ase Caketili...

10. gamoxda xani da patara wiwilebi did mamlebad iq cnen.

17. mocemuli frazeologizmebidan amoarCieT Sesaferisi da SecvaleT xazgasmuli sityva:

guli gadautrialda pirSi Calas gamoavlebs pirSi burTs CasCris gulidan amoiglija saxtad darCa TvalSi mouvida gulidan gadavarda

guli mouvida win ver daudgeba guli meubneba

1. rogorc ki dainaxa, maSinve moewona es gogo, imis mere sul imaze fiqrobda.2. am axali ambis gagonebaze aleqsandre gaocda. 3. mariams daaviwyda guSindeli danapirebi da axlaRa mix vda.4. eg iseTi unamusoa, kidev bevr CemisTanas moatyuebs!5. eg rom saqmes moindomebs, veravin daabrkolebs!6. vgrZnob, rom es saqme ar gamova da ar minda dawyeba. 7. didi dro gavida, magram misi saxe ver daiviwya. 8. am sityvebis mere gabrazda da usityvod datova yvela. 9. iseTi xmauri atyda uceb, yvelas SegveSinda.10. yvelaferi uTxari! magas mxolod Sen Tu gaaCumeb, sxva verafers ubedavs!

18. SecvaleT frazeologizmi Sesaferisi sityviT:

SeeSinda aqebs datanja gaanebivra ulamazo Searcxvina daamTavra galanZRa moewona daRupavs

1. skolis direqtors moswavleebis azri WkuaSi daujda da meore kviridanve skolaSi cvlilebebi daiwyo.

2. maswavlebels camde ahyavs vano da ai, testSi sakmarisi qulac ki ver miiRo.3. cocxlad nu dagvmarxav da Sens Tavsac nu daiRupav, Torem mere araferi

gveSveleba! 4. quCaSi yvirili daiwyo, ra ar gviZaxa, Zirianad mogvTxara, ar vici, ra undoda!5. magisma saqcielma yvela talaxSi amogvsvara!6. RamiT iseTi gamayruebeli afeTqebis xma gaisma, yvelas civma oflma dagvasxa:

gvegona qveyana daingra!7. am urTierTobas wertili unda davusva, Zalian daviRale!8. es patara bavSvi mTelma ojaxma Tavze daisva, ase namdvilad ar SeiZleba!9. am saqmem jvars macva, sxvas veRarafers ver vakeTeb da Tan Zalian damRlelia!10. jojoxeTis maSxalaao da arc ise cudi garegnobisa yofila, momewona kidec es

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stilisturi problemebi

am rubrikaSi ganvixilavT stilistur Secdomebs da mi gi TiTebT swor formebze. es gamarTulad weraSi dagex ma re baT.

stilisturi Secdoma aris formaTa SeusabamobiT gamow veuli Secdoma: SeiZleba, cal­calke aRebuli forma swori iyos, magram maTi erTad gamoyeneba Secdomaa.

daimaxsovreT:

Secdomaa sworia

1963 welSi 1963 wels

amocanad daisaxa miznad daisaxa

ar mawyobs xels ar maZlevs

xidan mzaddeba xisgan mzaddeba

atarebs manqanas marTavs manqanas

atarebs saTvales ukeTia saTvale

atarebs tansacmels acvia tansacmeli

atarebs quds axuravs qudi

autanlad (saSinlad) minda Zalian minda

bodiSi gadauxada bodiSi mouxada

madloba mouxada madloba gadauxada

SeniSvna: `1963 welSi~ _ es ar aris formaTa SeusabamobiT gamow ve uli Secdoma (`welSi~ forma arasodes ar gamoiyeneba), magram rad gan igi xSirad gvxvdeba sasaubro metyvelebaSi, amitom Sevi taneT am CamonaTvalSi.

19. gaasworeT stilisturi Secdomebi:1. nana daibada 1980 welSi, nika ki _ 1983 welSi.2. giorgim amocanad daisaxa inglisuri enis Seswavla da male iswavla kidec.3. me xval wasvla ar mawyobs, radgan or dReSi isev aq un da viyo.4. muxis xidan kargi aveji mzaddeba.5. Sen ici manqanis tareba?6. zafxulSi me mzis saTvales vatareb.7. salome gemovnebiani gogonaa, yovelTvis lamaz tan sacmels atarebs.8. rogor cxela! saSinlad minda nayini.9. es kaci zamTar­zafxul quds atarebs.10. me minda madloba movuxado im adamianebs, romlebmac daxmareba gamiwies.11. bodiSi gadauxade maspinZels SewuxebisaTvis da wavideT!Do

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gavaaqtiuroT codna

vwerT gamarTulad

20. qvemoT mocemul teqstebSi daSvebulia ramdenime tipis Secdoma: morfologiuri (arasworad dawerili forma), pun qtuaciuri (sasveni niSnis gamoyeneba) da stilisturi (formaTa araswori dakavSirebiT gamowveuli). ipoveT isini da imsjeleT:•ra tipis Secdomaa (morfologiuri, punqtuaciuri Tu stilisturi);•ratomaa Secdoma da romelia swori forma.

a) mfrinavi manqana realurad arsebobsiaponur kompania `terafujim~ Seqmna mfrinavi avto mo bili romelmac 2009

welSi pirveli gamocda gaiara frenaSi Rilakze TiTis daWeriT 30 wamSi Se iZ leba avtomobil­TviT mfrinavs frTeebi gavuSaloT da davukecoT kidec is Cve ulebrivaT moZraobs rogorc gzaze ise haerSi da saw vaviT misi momarageba ne bismier adgilas SeiZleba avto mobili or adamianzea gaTvlili miaxloebiTi fasi 194 aTasi amerikuli dolari iqneba mfrinavi manqnis Semqmnelebi dar wmunebulebi arian rom masze didi moTxovna iqneba

b) naweri da xasiaTididi frangi mwerali onore de balzaki yovelTvis amayobda xelnaweris mixedviT

adamianis xasiaTis, niWisa da unaris gageba Semiliao. erTxel mas nacnob qalma Zalian cudi xeliT naweri baraTi uCvena da uTxra:

es Tormeti wlis biWis naweria gTxovT gadaaTvalieroT da miTxraT ra xasiaTisaa igi rogori iqneba misi momavali

jer is mibrZaneT uTxra balzakma Tqven am bavSvis deda xo ara xarTara miugo qalma.keTili daiwyo mweralma maSin gulaxdilaT getyviT, rom es bavSi samwuxaroT

Zaan zarmaci da jiutia. igi cxovrebaSi veraviTar warmatebas ver miaRwevs.qalma gulianad gadaixarxara.ra gacinebT gakvirvebiT hkiTxa balzakma.es werili Tqven momwereT bavSvobaSi batoni onore.

vwerT oficialuri eniT

21. SeqmeniT saqmiani werili. saqmiani werilis mTavari maxasiaTebelia dasabuTeba im mosazrebisa, romelic mis ZiriTad nawilSia warmodgenili. CamoayalibeT azri naTlad, mkafiod, damajereblad. aseve daicaviT marTlweris wesebi.

warmoidgineT, rom skolis administracia awyobs 10­dRi an banaks qobuleTSi. banakis monawileebi gaxdebian is moswavleebi, romlebic sakuTar Tavs kargad warmoaCenen. Tqven unda daasabuToT, rom gaqvT iseTi Tvisebebi, interesebi da Sexedulebebi, rom Rirsi xarT banakSi dasvenebisa. garda amisa, unda gamoavlinoT Tqveni pirovnebis iseTi mxareebic, romlebic sxvebisTvisac saintereso iqneba. amdenad, unda SeecadoT, srulad warmoaCinoT sakuTari Tavi da daasabuToT, rom Tqveni kandidatura SerCeul moswavleTa Soris unda moxvdes. werisas SegiZliaT gaiTvaliswinoT Semdegi miTiTebebi: Do

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• daasabuTeT, ratom SeiZleba SegarCion Tqven;• imsjeleT, ramdenad mniSvnelovani iqneba TqvenTvis banakSi moxvedra;• CamoayalibeT, konkretulad ris gakeTebas apirebT banakSi.

vwerT Tavisuflad Tavisufal Temaze

22. dawereT:

`ra momwons da ra ar momwons Cems TavSi~

werisas SeiZleba gamoiyenoT Semdegi sityvebi da frazebi:

Cemi azriT... amboben... sxvebis azriT... yovel SemTxvevaSi... cxadia... marTlac... cota ar iyos... rogorc cnobilia... rogorc xSirad xdeba xolme... erTi SexedviT... sabednierod... jer erTi... meorec... mokled... sxvaTa Soris...

magaliTad... rogorc Cans...

gaiTvaliswineT, es formebi mZimiT gamoiyofa winada debaSi.

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II Tavi

ori saxelis erTad bruneba

vimeorebT

brunvebi zedsarTavi da arsebiTi

ricxviTi da arsebiTi

nacvalsaxeli da arsebiTi

sax. maRali saxli ori saxli Tavisi saxli

moTxr. maRalma saxlma orma saxlma Tavisma saxlma

mic. maRal saxls or saxls Tavis saxls

naT. maRali saxlis ori saxlis Tavisi saxlis

moqm. maRali saxliT ori saxliT Tavisi saxliT

viT. maRal saxlad or saxlad Tavis saxlad

wod. maRalo saxlo _ _

zogierTi nacvalsaxelis bruneba

brunvebi kuTvnilebiTi CvenebiTi nawilakiani

sax. Cemi saxli es//es kaci igive//erTi da igive

moTxr. Cemma saxlma aman//am kacma imavem//erTma da imavem

mic. Cems saxls amas//am kacs imaves//erTsa da imaves

naT. Cemi saxlis amis//am kacis imavesi//erTisa da imavesi

moqm. Cemi saxliT amiT//am kaciT imaveTi//erTiTa da imaveTi

viT. Cem saxlad amad//am kacad imaved//erT da imaved

wod. Cemo saxlo _ _

ricxviTi saxeli

swori dawerilobaa:

• TxuTmeti• ocdaxuTi • as ocdaxuTi• aTas cxraas samocdaTxuTmeti• sami milion Svidas ormocdaaTi aTas xuTas samocdaTxuTmeti (sami milion Svidas

ormocdaaTi aTas xuTas samocdaTxuTmetma kacma...)• asi (bevri, mravali, cota, ramdenime) kaci • pirveli, magram: ocdameerTe...• me­2• 25­e• XXV• me­2­m (meorem); 25­em (ocdamexuTem), daviT IV­s (meoTxes)... III­Si (mesameSi)... • kilo­naxevari, or­naxevari metri...• erTi meoredi, sami mexuTedi...• xuT­xuTi Do

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I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX XX

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

XXI XXII XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI XXVII XXVIII XXIX XXX

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

XL L LX LXX LXXX XC C C C D M

40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 500 1000

vwerT sworad

1. ipoveT da gaasworeT Secdomebi, imsjeleT TiToeul Secdomaze.a) 1. salomes Tavis megobarma uTxra, rom skolaSi momaval kviraSi konkursi unda

gaimarTos.2. romel wels daibada Seni Zma? _ aTascxraasoTxmocdaCvidmetSi.3. Tu SeiZleba, kilonaxevari namcxvari amiwoneT!4. RonisZiebas bevri moswavleebi daeswrnen. 5. erTi da igive gazeTma orjer gamoaqveyna erTi da igi ve informacia.6. samgzavro avtobusSi TuTxmeti mgzavri iyo. 7. sul cota xani da Cem saxlTan mivalT.8. nana Tavis saxliT amayobs da marTlac Zalian lamazi saxli aqvs.9. Cveni maswavlebelic igives gveubneboda gamocdebis Sesaxeb, rac am wignSi vnaxe.10. gamocdaze gamocxaddeba ocdamepirvele jgufi.

b) 1. arCevnebSi monawileoba miiRo orimilionsamasocdaTxuTmetiaTasrvaassamocdaTxuTmetma kacma.2. am sportsmenma olimpiadaze 5­e adgili aiRo.3. es amocanebi erTi da igive xerxiT unda amoixsnas.4. orasma aTasma kacma moiTxova kanonis damtkiceba.5. moswavleTa saerTaSoriso me­VIII olimpiada Catardeba gazafxulze.6. wveulebaze uamravi stumrebi dapatiJes.7. samive debi londonSi cxovroben.8. Cven skolaSi aTasxuTasi moswavle swavlobs.9. erTidaigive SekiTxvas davusvam sam moswavles, romelic mipasuxebs, is miiRebs

sam qulas.10. tortis sami­mexuTedi nawili uceb SeWames bavSveb ma.

2. CasviT mocemuli saxeli winadadebaSi swori formiT:1. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ qaTamma Sinauri qaTami gaagdoo (andaza). (gareuli)2. samasi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ daiTxoves samsaxuridan. (adamiani)3. ­­­­­­­ megobarma zafxulSi erTad dasveneba gadawyvita. (sami)4. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ mefobis xanaSi daido traqtati ruseTTan. (erekle II)Do

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5. anas deidamisis saxli ­­­­­­­­­ saxlad miaCnia. (Tavisi)6. ai, im ­­­­­­­­ korpuss xedav? isaa Cemi saxli. (maRali)7. ­­­­­­­­­­ mamakacma mkacrad Sexeda biWs, magram araferi uTqvams. (dabali)8. ­­­­­­­ misamarTs xom ar metyviT? me Tavad mogitanT am wigns saxlSi. (Tqveni) 9. es ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ qalbatonma miTxra, romelmac wigni gadmomca. (igive)10. es moxda ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ mefobis xanaSi. (daviT IV)

3. miuwereT raodenobiT ricxviT saxelebs rigobiTi saxe lebi, gamoxatuli romauli da arabuli cifrebiT (nimuSis mixedviT):

arabuli cifri

sityvierad romauli cifririgobiTi, gamoxatuli

arabuli cifriT

1 pirveli I 1­li

791518212932404750

gavaaqtiuroT codna

4. teqstSi daSvebulia cxra Secdoma, ipoveT da gaasworeT Secdomebi:zogjer erTi da imave sityva sxvadasxva gziT da Sec vlili mniSvnelobiT Semodis

enaSi. zogjer ki ena er Ti sagnis aRmniSvnels, magram warmoSobiT da bgeraTa Semad genlobiT sruliad sxvadasxva sityvefs sesxulobs da maT gansxvavebuli mniSvnelobiT xmarobs. aseTi sityvebia, maga liTad, pomidori da tomati. pomidoris samSobloT meq sika iTvleba. Zvel meqsikur enaze mas tomatl ewodeba, ita liel botanikosma maTiolim ki pomo doro daarqva, rac italiuraT `oqros vaSls~ niSnavs. Cven amJamad mce na risa da misi nayofis saxelaT pomidors vxmarobT, xo lo spe cialuraT Semzadebul pomidoris wvens tomats vuwo debT.

5. gaasworeT Secdomebi, dasviT sasveni niSnebi:

msoflios yvelaze maRal adamians konkurenti gamouCnda

msoflioSi yvelaze maRal adamianma ukrainel leonid stadnikma romlis simaRle orasormozdaCvidmeti sm­ia SesaZloa es tituli dakargos. mas oc­da­erTi sm­iT uswrebs Cineli zao liangi. oc da Svidi wlis liangi kalaTburTelia. dedamisis vanga keinis gancxadebiT zaos bavSvobaSi Zalian kargi mada hqonda erT Wamaze sul mcire rva hamburgerebs miirTmevda da albaT amitomac gaxda amxela. amgvarad msoflios axali rekordsmeni hyavs.Do

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oh, es sasveni niSnebi!..

6. gaixseneT punqtuaciis wesebi da dasviT teqstSi sasveni niSnebi:a)

zamTarSi, saRamoobiT...(r. inaniSvili)

zamTarSi saRamoobiT venaxebsa da WalebSi atydeba xolme gauwafavi yurisaTvis TiTqmis SeumCneveli SmaSur­faCuni ase geCveneba TiTqos sibnele modiodes xmel foTlebsa da balaxebze rbili rbili TaTebiT sinamdvileSi _ Citebi ibudeben isini miZvrebian bardebSi jagebSi bululebSi fuRuroebSi sxedan iq mTel grZel Rames abuzulebi msubuqebi _ winwkal mfeTqav siTbod yinvaSi qarSi _ daxuWuli aqvT pawawina Tvalebi da fiqroben dardianad raze ifiqreben patara Citunebi Tovlian civ RameSi albaT mzian dReze rogori iqneba maTTvis es dRe

mova naavadmyofari mze da mzrunveli dedis frTasaviT gadaefareba yvela gaWirvebuls Tavisi Tbili alersiani sxivebiT

b)akakis ganmarteba

(wignidan `akakis Rimili~)

imereTSi bevri iyo iseTi rom qarTulis meti sxva ena ar icoda magram kargad iyo gonebagaxsnili da ganviTarebuli akakis Zalian moswonda isini da upiratesobasac aZlevda imaTTan SedarebiT romelTac waramara titini eswavlaT ucxo enaze da amiT daemTavrebinaT TavianTi ganaTleba amxanagebma erTxel usayvedures did mgosans

Sin gazrdilebi rom mogwons da naswavlebs arad agdeb rad Svrebi magasoam saRamos mobrZandiT CemTan da magis pasuxs iq mo gaxsenebTo miugo poetma. saRamos marTla estumrnen amxanagebi akakis maspinZelma miiwvia isini im oTaxSi

sadac mamapapurad gaxurebul buxars guguni gahqonda oTaxSi siTboc kargi idga da sinaTlec iyo magram sanTeli ki arsad enTo

es usinaTloba ra ariso ikiTxa erTma sanTeli Tu gnebavT sxva oTaxSi mobrZandiTo upasuxa mgosanma da Seiyvana

stumrebi meore oTaxSi aq buxari gacivebuli iyo da mxolod sadRac kuTxeSi sanTeli bJutavda aRarc sinaTle iyo da aRarc siTbo dasxdnen iq stumrebi magram cota xnis Semdeg sicivem rom mouWiraT ikiTxes

ar ajobebs rom sinaTlec im Tbil oTaxSi gavitanoT da Cvenc iq gavideTorasakvirveliao daeTanxma maspinZeli gavidnen da ga itanes sinaTle pirvel oTaxs

sanTelic rom miemata erTianad ufro ganaTlda da gaqaTqaTda maSin miubrunda akaki stumrebs da uTxra

ai ymawvilebo xom xedavT am oTaxSi sadac kargi ma mapapuri buxari iyo anTebuli siTboc kargi dagvixvda da sinaTlec cotaodenio im ucxo oTaxSi rom SegiyvaneT sa dac kera gacivebuli iyo iq aRarc siTbo iyo da sinaTlec oblad sacodavad bJutavda sanam isev aq am oTaxSi ar gamovitaneT da buxris sinaTles misic ar mivumateTo. me rom Sin gazrdili kacebi momwons isini mamapapurad arian gazrdili da ganviTarebuli ician kargi dedaena da samSobloc yovelgvarad Seswavlili aqvT imaTi siaxloviT me siTbosac vgrZnob da sinaTlesac vxedav Tqven rom naswavlebze miTiTebT isini ki ucxo oTaxSi mbJutav sanTelsa hgvanan sadac aRarc siTboa da aRarc sinaTle mSobliur niadagze Tu ara dgas kaci misi Suqi bevrs verc gaanaTebs da verc veravis gaaTbobso Do

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leqsika _ sityvebi... sityvebi...

7. daukavSireT erTmaneTs sityva da misi ganmarteba:

baga •

bagiri •

badali •

balavari •

banovani •

bedauri •

beReli •

birdabiri •

borani •

gideli •

• Zirwawvrilebuli momcro godo ri xilisa da xeze asuli vazis sak refad.

• kargi jiSis swrafi, Zlieri cxeni.• didi xerxi, Tav­boloze saxe lu rebiani, ori kacis gasawevi.• erTmaneTTan SeerTebuli ori brtyel Zira navi, zed dage­

buli fic rebiT, _ mdinaris erTi napi ri dan meoreze gada­sasvlelad da tvirTis gadasazidad (moZraobs napi rebSoris gabmul bagirze).

• toli, swori; magieri, sanacvlo.• ficris tixruli boselSi saqon lisaTvis Tivis (Calis)

Casayrelad.• msxvili Toki an grexili foladis mav Tulebisa.• saZirkveli, safuZveli.• qalbatoni, mandilosani.• marcvleulis (xorblis, qeris, si mindis...) Sesanaxi ficruli.

SeadgineT winadadebebi zemoT mocemuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT:

8. daukavSireT erTmaneTs zmna da misi mniSvneloba:

gaCanageba •gawiwmateba •gabiabrueba •

gadabruneba (miwisa) •

gadaxrigineba •gadakareba •

gadaWra •gakerpeba •

gakotreba •gaSmageba •

• Rrublis gadayra, cis gadaw menda, gamodareba.• ganrisxeba, gamZvinvareba, ga co feba. • gajiuteba, Seusmenloba.• mospoba, ganadgureba.• fulis, didi qonebis, Semo savlis sruli dakargva; gaRa­

ribeba.• metismetad gajavreba, gabra zeba, gacecxleba.• Rrmad dabarva.• xriginiT, xmauriT gadatana ra ime tlanqi, mZime sagnisa.• gadawyveta, dadgena. • abuCad agdeba, upativcemulod moqceva, gamasxa raveba.Don't

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SeadgineT winadadebebi zemoT mocemuli formebis gamoyenebiT:

9. iciT Tu ara mocemuli sityvebis qarTuli Sesatyvisebi? maT xSirad iyeneben, Tumca arsebobs maTi qarTuli Sesatyvisebi. aseT sityvebs barbarizmebi ewodeba da isini enisaTvis miuRebelia.

akoSka •greCixa •saroCka •maroJni •JuvaCka •

kartoSka •Skafi •feCi •

Spioni •pilasosi •

• jaSuSi• mtversasruti• Rumeli• fanjara• kartofili• wiwibura• nayini• perangi• karada• saReWi rezini, kevi

SeadgineT winadadebebi zemoT mocemuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT:

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10. iciT Tu ara am sityvebis mniSvneloba? isini ucxo enebidan Semosuli sityvebia, magram qarTul enaSi damkvidrda da xSirad gamoiyeneba. SeamowmeT Tqveni codna.

desanti •

deserti •

despotizmi •

emigranti •

veranda •

versia •

veqsili •

viziti •

viski •

intuicia •

• saxuraviani aivani.• xelwerili sesxis aRebisa da sar geblis gadaxdis val de bu­

lebis Sesaxeb.• magari arayi (amzadeben qe ri sagan). xmaroben in glisSi da amerikis

SeerTebul Sta tebSi. • mcire xniT stumrad misvla, monaxu leba. • mixvedra, alRo.• mtris teritoriaze farulad gadasxmul meomarTa jgufi.• xili an tkbileuli, romelsac sadilis bolos Seeqcevian.• xelisuflebis sisastike, daun dob loba.• samSoblodan gadaxvewili, ucxo qveyanaSi sacxovreblad

wasuli.• raime movlenis, SemTxvevis rome lime savaraudo, SesaZ lebeli

varianti.

SeadgineT winadadebebi zemoT mocemuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT:

11. Tqven Tavad ganmarteT konteqstis mixedviT.

1. wengo _`sunic Rvinisa idgeba, Rvinisa da kaklis wengosi.~ (r. ina niSvili)

2. saurme _ `saurmeSi CarCenili talaxi lamazad iqneba gakveTili oTxTvalebis mier.~ (r. ina­niSvili)

3. axaluxi _ `zogi xelze CamovebobReT, zogi axaluxis kalTaze.~ (ilia)

4. wineTa _ `TviTon dedaCemi, rogorc wineTa vTqvi, mSromeli iyo.~ (akaki)Do

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5. gadageba _ `uSvilod gadagebas apirebdnen, rom cols ar daeJina.~ (eTeriani)

6. dalali _ `dedamTili ukan uzis, giSris dalalis mwvnelia.~ (eTeriani)

7. nari _ `mis saflavze nari amovida.~ (eTeriani)

8. walkoti _ `bazaleTisa tbis Ziras oqros akvani ariso, da mis garSemo, wylis qveSe,ucxo walkoti hyvaviso.~ (ilia)

9. qadagi _ mkiTxavi _ `vin etyvis magis dedasa,kars usxeds qadag­mkiTxavni.~ (leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa)

10. brali _ `imasac brali eqnebisuwyalod xmliT daWrilisa.~ (leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa)Tqveni ganmartebebi SeudareT krebulis bolos mocemuli leqsikonis ganmar­tebebs.

12. qvemoT mocemul sityvebs xSirad erTad viyenebT, erTad gvxvdeba SesityvebebSi. daukavSireT es sityvebi erTmaneTs da Semdeg SeadgineT winadadebebi am Sesityvebebis gamo yenebiT:

daSvebuli •Cadenili •

momrigebeli • mkvdari •

beds •siyvaruli •problemis •

sakiTxis •absoluturi •

bewvis •

• ewia• siCume• dasma• gadaWra• Secdoma• xidi• codva• mosamarTle• ewvia• WeSmariteba

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frazeologia

13. romelia swori ganmarteba:

gulis gulSi Caixede• saqme gaakeTe• damSviddi• kargad dafiqrdi

guli gadaubrundeba• ewyineba• SeeSindeba• gauxardeba

gulma uTxra• mixvda, igrZno• dafiqrda• ganawyenda

gulis gadasayolebeli• sasacilo • gasarTobi• mosawyeni

gulze ar exateba• ar fiqrobs• ar uyvars• eWvobs

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli frazeologizmebis gamoyenebiT:

14. daukavSireT erTmaneTs frazeologiuri gamonaTqvami da ganmarteba:

• dabali Robe• davTrebi SeeSleba• dana rom dahkra, wveTi

sisxli ar gadmouva • daoTxili gaiqca • darevs xels• daufrTxobs angelozebs • daRis dasma • ar (arafrad) epitnaveba• ra eprianeba • erbo aikrifeba

• sZlevs, moereva, dajabnis.• ra edardeba, ra enaRvleba, ra awuxebs.• ar moswons, ar enaRvleba, arafrad agdebs.• Zalian sufTaa.• advilad dasaCagri, dasab riy vebeli.• Tavgza aebneva, daibneva.• metismetad gamwarebulia, gam Sralia, mkvdariviT aris.• swrafad, ukanmouxedavad ga iq ca. • Zalian SeaSinebs, daawi o kebs.• kvalis damCneva.

gamotovebul adgilas CasviT Sesabamisi gamoTqma:1. kargad ifiqre, ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­!2. sul ramdenime saaTSi diasaxlisma ise daakriala yvelaferi, rom ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­.3. ise var, ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­! araferze ar SemiZlia fiqri.4. avadmyofobam ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ da suli era dac gatexa moxuci aleqsandre.Do

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5. am SemTxvevam didi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ patara biWis guls. 6. me ra ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ mnaxe, xom araferi geSleba?!7. sul ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, Sen ras fiqrob! me rogorc gadavwyvet, ise moviqcevi!..8. magas vuCveneb Sav dRes! ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­!9. magas ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­?! saqme Tu ga fuWdeba, me unda vizruno

magis gamosworebaze.10. es vuTxari da sityvis damTavreba ar damacala, ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­.

15. amoiwereT frazeologiuri gamoTqmebi da Tavad gan marteT:1. `papam erTi piroba iuara, magram mere mainc aswia Wiqa.~ (r. inaniSvili)2. `mivideT­meTqi, geubnebi, magis ybaSi Cemi mteri Cavarda!~ (n. wuleiskiri)3. ̀ pantes guli Caswyvita am sityvam. virisgan wixli ra sawyeniao, daimSvida Tavi.~

(n. wuleiskiri)4. mere Sen ra? visi tiki­tomara xar, Seni mojamagire xom ara var?!~ (ilia)5. `rad unda movkla es sayvareli xar­jixvi? vis ras ulevs?~ (k. gamsaxurdia)6. gava dro, yvelafers mixvdebi, TiTze ikben, magram gvian iqneba!7. `qarTuli inCi­binCi ar icis.~ (d. kldiaSvili) 8. `iotis odenad ar veWvob.~ (vaJa)9. `bibRam qva adgilidan ver daZra da mainc ixtibari ar gaitexa.~ (g. Coxeli)10. `Tabagars krinti ar dauZravs im Rames.~ (W. amire ji bi)

16. daukvirdiT winadadebebs da frazeologiur gamoTqmebs. romeli gamoTqmiT SeiZleba Seicvalos xazgasmuli sityva?

enaze ar daamagrdeba arc wyali, arc Rvino enaze akeria bevrma wyalma Caiara Tavze awevs av Tvals ar enaxveba azrze ar aris Tavis daRweva abuCad agdeba

bolo mouRo

1. magas Cems damcirebas ar vapatieb!2. aleqsandres Zalian lamazi qaliSvili hyavs.3. iman araferi ar icis am saqmisa.4. magisas verafers gaigeb, didi uxeiro vinmea!5. am ambis Semdeg didi dro gavida.6. Svilis sikvdilma gaanadgura oTaraanT qvrivi.7. tyuilad dagpirda, magas uTqmeli araferi darCeba, mainc etyvis da mere Sen unda

gasce pasuxi. 8. Cems saxels waramara axsenebs, sul Cemze laparakobs da ar vici, ra unda Cemgan.Do

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9. mTeli ojaxi magis mosavlelia!10. mag saqmidan Zlivs gaviTavisufle Tavi da axla isev ukan mivbrundebi?! araviTar

SemTxvevaSi.

stilisturi problemebi

daimaxsovreT:

Secdomaa sworia

aRniSnul iqna aRniSnes, aRniSna, aRiniSna

gancxadeba gaakeTa ganacxada

gamarjveba daisakuTra gaimarjva, gamarjveba moipova

gamosasvleli dRe dasvenebis dRe, uqme dRe

gamosasvleli tansacmeli sagareo tansacmeli

gamoyeneba aqvs iyeneben, gamoiyeneba

gayidvaSia iyideba

golis, burTis avtori golis, burTis gamtani

damzadebul iqna damzadda

gadaureka xelaxla, isev daureka

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli swori formebis gamo yenebiT.

vwerT gamarTulad

17. qvemoT mocemul teqstebSi daSvebulia ramdenime tipis Secdoma: morfologiuri (arasworad dawerili forma), punqtuaciuri (sasveni niSnis gamoyeneba) da stilisturi (formaTa araswori dakavSirebiT gamowveuli). ipoveT isini da imsjeleT:• ra tipis Secdomaa (morfologiuri, punqtuaciuri Tu stilisturi);• ratomaa Secdoma da romelia swori forma.Do

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a) italiaSi patarZlis Taigulis gadagdebis tradicia kinaRam tragediis mizezi gaxda

italiaSi livornoSi gamarTuli qorwilSi patarZalis Taigulis gadagdebis tradiciisadmi uCveulo midgoma kinaRam tragediis mizezi gaxda

ceremoniisas dauqorwinebeli stumarebi erTaT grov debian raTa patarZalis Taiguli daiWiron rac male SeuRlebis momaswavebelia axaldaqorwinebulebma patara TviTmfrinavi daiqiraves masSi piloti da erTi mgzavri imyofebodnen mgzavrs Taigulis gadmogdebis sasiamovno da sapasuxismgeblo davaleba unda Seesrulebina

rodesac TviTmfrinavi restoranis Tavze aRmoCnda romelSic stumrebi iyvnen Sekrebilni ormoc da oTxi wlis isidor penserma Taigulis srola moaxdina Tumca Taiguli TviTmfrinavis ZravaSi gaiWeda ris Sedegadac mas cecxli waekida da afeTqda safreni aparati kinaRam sa erTo sacxovrebels daeca romelSic ormoc­da­aTi ada mianebi imyofebodnen sabednieroT igi gverZe Camovarda sabolooT Taigulis uiRblo msrolelma orive fexebi moitexa da damwvrobac miiRo xolo mfrinavi gacilebiT advilaT gadarCa

b) sevdis ganqarvebaerT mSveniers dRes hainrix haines fostidan paketi moutanes poets gaukvirda

radgan arsaidan arafers ar eloda hainem paketi gaxsna magram dasta­dasta qaRaldebis garda Sig araferi aRmoCnda bolos sul ZirSi pawawina yuTi ipova yuTSi werili ido romelSic erTaderTi winadadeba ewera `janmrTelaT gaxlavarT. Seni megobari...~

amis Semdeq male fostam im megobars Seatyobina rom mis saxelze paketi iyo mosuli man saswrafoT Cairbina fostaSi paketi sakmaoT mZime iyo da saxlamde daqiravebuli etliT miitana mere ki mesame sarTulze xvneSiTa da sveneb­svenebiT Zlivs aitana binaSi SesvlisTanave gaxsna da mis gancvifrebas sazRvari ar hqonda rodesac uzarmazari qva dainaxa romelzec dakrul baraTi iuwyeboda

`Seni paketi miviRe risTvisac madlobas giZRvni ro gavige kargaT yofilxar gulidan es lodi momcilda. guliTadi salamiT Seni hainrix haine.~

vwerT oficialuri eniT

warmoidgineT, rom qarTuli enis wris wevrebma ga dawyviteT, skolaSi romelime saxelmZRvanelos avtori mogewviaT da masTan Sexvedra mogewyoT. dawereT weri li skolis direqtoris saxelze da imsjeleT Semdeg sakiTxebze:•visTan isurvebdiT Sexvedras da ratom;•rogor moaxdendiT Sexvedris organizebas (ras gaake TebdiT); •rogor warmarTavdiT Sexvedras.

vwerT Tavisuflad Tavisufal Temaze

revaz inaniSvilis patara moTxrobaSi aseTi kiTxva iyo: `raze ifiqreben patara Citunebi?

Tovlian civ RameSi, albaT, mzian dReze. rogori iqneba maTTvis es dRe?~

davusvaT Cvens Tavs ramdenime amgvari kiTxva; airCieT erT­erTi da dawereT Tavisuflad, magram ecadeT, Tqveni naazrevi sworad da naTlad CamoayaliboT:raze fiqroben...

• moxucebi?• bavSvebi?

• mSoblebi?• maTxovrebi?Don't

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III Tavi

I. rTuli sityvebi _ kompozitebi

vimeorebT

kompoziti ra axasiaTebs da rogor iwereba nimuSi

erTcnebiani kompozitebi

• Sedgeba ori an meti fuZisagan • igulisxmeba erTi ram (sagani, cneba...)• maT Soris da kavSiris Casma ar SegviZlia• iwreba erTad

qinZisTavi dedamiwavaJkacierTgulixelfexSekrulibajbajiTqaraTqurisxvadasxva

orcnebiani kompozitebi

• Sedgeba ori an meti fuZisa gan/igu­lisxmeba ori an meti ram (sagani, cneba...)

• maT Soris da kavSiris Casma SegviZlia• iwereba defisiT (­)

ded­mamacol­Svilideda­SvilimTa­bariwver­ulvaSimxar­beWidid­pataraTavad­aznauri

sxvadasxva afiqsiT (mawarmoebliT)

nawarmoebi kompozitebi

• kompozits daerTvis mawarmoeblebi: ­ian, ­oba, ­ur/ul, u­o, sa­o, ­a...

• iwereba erTad

udedmamocolSvilianidedaSvilobamTabarianiwverulvaSianiuwverulvaSomxarbeWianididpatarobaTavadaznaurobaTavadaznauruli

vwerT sworad

1. gaasworeT Secdomebi, imsjeleT Secdomisa da swori formis Sesaxeb:a)

1. patara gogona baj­bajiT Semovida oTaxSi.2. deda­Sviloba yvelaze didi grZnobaa grZnobaTa Soris.3. sibnelem Tan­da­Tan moimata da male gzis gagrZeleba aRar SeeZloT

mgzavrebs.4. avad­myofi axla ukeT grZnobda Tavs. 5. es cxvir­saxoci vis dauvarda?6. ise daviRale, ZalRone gamomelia!7. magidaze uwesrigod eyara JurnalgazeTebi.8. sandrom axsnaganmarteba dawera direqtoris saxel ze.9. axlo­maxlo aravin aRar Canda.10. es xeebi ratomRac uswor­masworod gaizarda. Do

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b)1. bavSvma sxapa­sxupiT warmoTqva leqsi da mere dedas gaxeda.2. es wver­ulvaSiani kaci vinaa? _ ikiTxa aleqsandrem.3. am magidis zeda­piri dazianebulia da SekeTebaa saWiro.4. biWuna mama­misis gverdze mokalaTda. 5. gazafxulma saocari ferebiT aaferada mTabari, tyeveli.6. udedmamo bavSvebisaTvis qalaqis xelmZRvanelobam didi daxmareba gamoyo.7. gabrieli im xanebSi col­Sviliani ar iyo.8. oTaxSi Coxa­axaluxiani kaci Semovida.9. monasterSi ramdenime muxl­moyrili mlocveli iyo.10. daZma erTmaneTs gul Tbilad gadaexvia.

2. gamotovebul adgilas Casvi swori forma:1. axalgazrdebi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ idgnen oTaxSi. (jgufjgufad,

jguf­jgufad, jguf jgufad)2. yvela adamians Tavisi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ aqvs. (zneCveuleba, zne­

Cveuleba, zne Cveuleba)3. gigo ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ da ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ kacia. (ucol Svilo, ucol­Svilo, ucol

Svilo; martoxela, marto­xela, marto xela)4. gogona ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ TvalebiT Sehyurebda mosulebs. (cremlmoreuli,

creml­moreuli, creml moreuli)5. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ asaki ukve dadgenilia mecnierebis mier. (dedamiwis,

deda­miwis, deda miwis)6. maswavlebeli ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ gadaexvia. (mamaSvils, mama­Svils,

mama Svils; gulTbilad, gul­Tbilad, gul Tbilad)7. globusis damtvreuli ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ eyara. (naxevarsferoebi,

naxevar­sferoebi, naxevar sferoebi; aqeTiqiT, aqeT­iqiT, aqeT iqiT)8. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ cas sinaTle emateboda. (nelnela, nel­nela, nel

nela)9. axlaxan gaxsnil maRaziasTan viRac ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ SeniSnes.

(wverulvaSiani, wver­ulvaSiani, wver ulvaSiani; devkaci, dev­kaci, dev kaci)10. dadiodnen ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ da eZebdnen Sesaferis qals. (sofelsofel,

sofel­sofel, sofel sofel)

3. gaxazeT swori formebi, xolo araswori formebi amo iwe reT sworad:

baton­ymoba, daZmiani, saxl muzeumi, dedaSviloba, napir­napir, gaZvra gamoZvra, daZmuri, quCaquCa, saxl­kari, oqrovercxli, deda­Cemi, JurnalgazeTebi, avdari, tan­sacmeli, TiTistari, vaJ­kaci, gul­civi, yavis­feri, fexmokecili, axlad­aSenebuli, Suris­Zieba, wverulvaSgaparsuli, Tav­gza­areuli, avad­myofi, SviliSvili, xelsaqme, wyalsadeni, jaris­kaci, xelfex­Sekruli, Tana­klaseli, Tana mSromeli, winamorbedi, wign­sacavi, navsadguri, dRe­Rame, mama­misi, mtermoyvare, ufros­umcrosi, mSvildisari, mesxeTjavaxeTi, maRal­maRali,

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II. zmnis piri da ricxvi

daimaxsovreT

piris niSani formis axsna zmnis formebi

yovelTvis iwereba v

• Tu zmna Seiwyobs nacval­saxelebs me, Cven I subieqturi piris niSani v­ yovelTvis unda daiweros, Tundac zmna iwyebodes o, u da v bgerebiT.

vuTxari, vuyvarvar...vocnebob, vojaxdebi...vvarcxni, vvarjiSob, vvaWrob...mivutane, SevukveTe, vupasuxe, gavugzavne...

yovelTvis iwereba h

• zmna Seiwyobs irib obi eqts, romelic gamo xa tulia nac val­saxe liT mas. amitom mas sWir­deba piris niSani h­.

• ZiriTadad h gvxvdeba Semdeg bgerebTan: b, f, p, g, q, k, y.

hgavs, hqonda, hqonia, hgonia, hqvia...hyavs, mihyavs, mohyavs, dahyavs, Cahyavs...hbaZavs, Sehpirda, wahglija, hkiTxa...dahkargvia, mohfenia, hyvarebia...

yovelTvis iwereba s

• zmna Seiwyobs irib obieqts, romelic gamoxatulia nac­valsaxeliT mas. ami tom mas sWirdeba piris ni Sani s­.

• ZiriTadad s gvxvdeba Semdeg bgerebTan: d, T, t, Z, c, w, j, C, W.

sTxovs, misca, sWirdeba, scviva, sZinavs, sZuls, moswons, swams, sWirs, swadia, swyuria, swyins, sciva...

arasodes ar iwereba h/s

• zmna erTpiriania, ar Se ewyoba iribi obieqti (mas) da amitom arasodes ar sWirdeba h/s.

dgas, tiris, yefs, qris, yvavis, Cans, duRs...Tqva...

gamonak lisebi• am zmnebTan yovelTvis saWi­

roa sgastans, gascems, gamoscems, gaswevs, aswevs, dasZens.

zmnis for ma Si iwereba

• ori m• ori g• ori gv

• erTi obieqturi piris niSania, meore zmnis da sawyisi bgera.

mmarTavs, mmarTebs...ggonia, ggavs...dagvgvianebia...

vwerT sworad

4. gaasworeT Secdomebi:a) 1. Cems mezobels uTxari, rom dRes saxlSi ar viqnebodi.

2. es gazeTebi mamaCems unda miutano.3. sCans, isev gawvimdeba. 4. am did qvas awev?5. ra qvia Sens das?6. nani rogor gavs dedamiss!Do

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7. me yovel diliT varjiSob.8. Cemma megobarma werili momwera da ver upasuxe.9. me rom ukvirdebi, es TamaSi saxifaToa.10. xeli momkide, meSinia, aqedan ar gadavarde.

b) 1. gaocdi, ise kargad iTamaSes Cemma klaselebma speq tak li, namdvili msaxi­obebiviT.

2. rogor gonia, movigebT Tu wavagebT?3. me magisi ararferi marTebs.4. Sen Zalian gavs Seni Zma.5. pataras wyali wyuria da moutane.6. am lekvs civa da naxe, rogor kankalebs.7. nikas isev Zinavs Tu gaiRviZa?8. gurams mama yavs?9. vis Wirdeba es Zveli fotoaparati?10. es gamomcemloba bevr saintereso wigns gamocems.

g) 1. patara biWs CxubSi tansacmeli sul Semoglejoda.2. TiTqos TvalebiT Txovda Svelas.3. ZaRls fexi tkiva da naxe, rogor koWlobs?!4. gigi dedas kargad swavlas pirdeba.5. gogonam qvas fexi wamokra da daeca.6. es bavSvebi vis gvanan?7. me ase varaudobdi, maTi Camosvlis Semdeg Cven wavidodiT.8. madloba gadauxadoT maspinZels da wavideT.9. am haerma yvelas mada mogvara da Wama mogvinda.10. naxe, Sarvali rogor daglejia, dedaSens gaakervine.

5. SearCie swori forma:1. deda Svils Tmas ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (vvarcxnis, varcxnis)2. xels nu miSli, ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­! (vvarjiSob, varjiSob)3. me SarSan cudad viyavi da erTi weli ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (mmkurnalobdnen,

mkurnalobdnen)4. natas sul ar ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ iq yofna, magram sxva gza ara aqvs.

(mowons, moswons)5. karebi gamovaRe da gareT ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (gamovvardi, gamovardi)6. Sen ra ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, ase didi xani gagrZeldeba? (ggonia, gonia)7. Sen sad ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ skolidan? (ggzavnian, gzavnian)8. merabs samsaxuridan minskSi ­­­­­­ (gzavnian, hgzavnian)9. me xaWapuri ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ da albaT male iqneba. (SevukveTe,

SeukveTe)10. dedaSens ­­­­­­­­­­­­, rom CemTan xar? (vuTxari, uTxari)

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III. zmniswini

daimaxsovreT

araswori formebia

swori formebia

avRniSnavavRwer

aRvniSnav, aRvniSne, aRvniSnoT.... (aRv...)aRvwer, aRvwere, aRvweroT... (aRv...)

aRvzarde aRvzarde, aRvzardoT...

Rzrdis zrdis an aRzrdis

gamanTavi sufleT gamaTavisfleT an ganmaTavisufleT...gamaTavisufloT an ganmaTavisufloT...

anzogadebs azogadebs, ganazogadebs... ganvazogadeb....

anviTarebs aviTarebs, ganaviTarebs, ganvaviTareb...

ardgens waradgens, wavadgen... warmogidgenT, warvudgen...

ansxvavebs asxvavebs an ganasxvavebs, ganvasxvaveb, ganmisxvavebia...

ancalkevebs acalkevebs, ganacalkevebs, ganvacalkeveb...

anxorcielebs axorcielebs / ganaxorcielebs, ganvaxorcielebT... gasaxorcielebeli / gansaxorcielebeli

anaxlebs aaxlebs / ganaaxlebs, ganuaxlebia... ganaaxla...

ansaxierebs asaxierebs / ganasaxierebs, ganasaxiera (roli)

vwerT sworad

6. gaasworeT Secdomebi:1. gTxovT, gamanTavisufloT gakveTilebidan.2. ra proeqts anxorcielebs axla es organizacia?3. es msaxiobi kargad ansaxierebs rolebs.4. es ojaxi bavSvebs kargad Rzrdis.5. am sabuTebs saministroSi vardgen.6. erT azrs yvelaze nu anzogadeb.7. me ukve avRniSne, rom aq Secdomaa daSvebuli.8. es organizacia yovel wels anaxlebs Tavis vebgverds.9. am werilSi yvelaferi detalurad avRwere.10. es proeqti Cveni gasanxorcielebelia.

7. CasviT swori forma:1. me am faqtebs ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ da daskvnebs mogawodebT. (ganzogadeba)2. guSin Tqven ar ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ samsaxuridan? imitom wavedi. (ganTavisuleba)3. am azrs ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ mec Cems moxsenebaSi. (ganviTareba)4. me xvalve ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Cems sabuTebs (warmodgena)5. naxe, ra kargad ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ es Zveli Senoba! (ganaxleba)6. am rols speqtaklSi vin ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­? (gansaxiereba)Do

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7. airzenam frena ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ ramde nime qveyanasTan. (ganaxleba)8. Cven unda vecadoT, janmrTeli axali Taoba ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (aRzrda)9. Cveni davalebaa, ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ yve laferi is, rac vnaxeT. (aRwera)10. yvelaferi unda ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, oqmis Tvis gvWirdeba. (aRnusxva)

gavaaqtiuroT codna

8. ipoveT da gaasworeT Scdomebi:a)

***erTxel akaki sadguridam sofelSi etliT midioda. gzaT meetlem sxva mgzavric

aiyvana da akakis gverdiT mousva. am gzavrma romelsac aradros ar enaxa didi poeti moindoma misi garToba da zepiraT warmoTqva mgosanis ramdenime leqsi Tanac daayola: es leqsebi sul Cemiao.

akaks metaT gaukvirda da wamoiZaxa: es leqsebi xom akakisaao!diax batono akaki wereTelic me gaxlavaro amayaT ga nacxada cru­pentelam da

kvlav ganagrZo leqsebis Tqma. akakis gancvifrebas sazRvari ara qonda magram mainc araferi uTqvams.cota xnis Semdeg `cru akakma~ etli gaaCera da gamo Txovebisas Tanam­gzavrs

kiTxa: Tqven Cemi vinaoba gaigeT ar Seileba mec Sevityo Tqven vina brZandebiTo?me... ra mogaxsenoT aqamde akaki wereTels meZaxden akaki vi yavi da axla ki aRar vici

vina varo RimiliT upasuxa poet ma.

b) katarRa patara savaWro an saomar gems ewodeba es aris imave kateri oRonT es ukanaskneli saxelwodeba holandidan aris Semosuli rusulis meSveobiT SedarebiT cota xnis winaT, karatRa ki jer kide vefxis­tyaosanSi gvxvdeba davkazmeT navi katarRa da ricxvi spaTa jarisa

es sityva warmoSobiT berZnulia, sadac katergon niSnavs Zvelebur navs romelic miyavdaT ialqaniTa da niCabebiT. rogorRa miviReT aqedan mZime sasjelis sastiki iZulebiTi muSaobis aRmniSvneli sityva katorRa es advilaT aixsneba Tu gaviTvaliswinebT rom ZvelaT damnaSavebs usjiden xolme sworeT katarRaze muSaobas niCabebis momsmelaT. cxadia es mZime samuSao iyo. aqedan SemdgomSi katorRa daerqva yovelgvar mZime samuSaos romlis Sesrulebac iZulebasTan sasjelTan ari dakavSirebuli.

g)warmoudgeneli ambavi

saxel­ganTqmulma germanel mweralma nobelis premis laureat herman hesem Tavis­da gasaocraT gaigo rom erTi Jurnalis gamomcemels Tanxmobis gareSe daebeWda misi Wabukobis­droindeli pirveli novelebi. mweralma mas sa Civaris werili gaugzavna. ramodenime dRis Semdeg Jurna lis gamomcemelma Seatyobina rom hesem mas oc­da­aTi wlis winaT werilobiT neba darTo am novelebis gamoqveynebaze, rasac mwerali xelis moweriT adasturebda.

hese Jurnalis gamomcemels Sexvda da kiTxa im werilis naxva Tu Seilebao? samwuxaroT SeuZlebelia miugo gamomcemelma.gana rato Do

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werili karga xnis win avto­grafebis Semgrovebels mivyide romlis fasi ormoc­da­aT­jer Warbobda maSindel honorars.

kargi miugo bedTan Serigebul hesem aRar vCivi magram SegiZliaT saCivaris werili ukanve damiZrunoT

samwuxaroT egec SeuZlebelia miugo Jurnalis gamom cemelma ukve mivyide avto­grafebis sxva Semgrovebels.

oh, es sasveni niSnebi!..

9. gaixseneT punqtuqciis wesebi da dasviT teqstSi sasveni niSnebi:mzisa

(r. inaniSvili)

ra kargi iqneba ase ubralod daiweros moTxroba sadme mTaSi sipiT naSeni saxlis banze xorbalia gaSlili iqve gogona zis _ Tan

wigns kiTxulobs da Tan Txilis grZeli wneliT Citebs afrTxobs gzaze ki Zirs mTamsvlelebi modian cxenebs yuTebi da zurgCanTebi aqvT gadakidebuli cxenebi Cqaroben qoSineben qvebze fexi usxltebaT da nali naperwklebs hyris mTamsvlelebi dinjad modian werayi nebs da darkinul fexsacme;lebs moaZgaruneben

gogona wignis kiTxvas Tavs anebebs da RimiliT acilebs mamac mgzavrebs mgzavrebic amCneven erTmaneTs werayi nis wveriT axedeben misken erTi mTamsvleli jgufidan gamo dis da gogonas wyals sTxovs gogona wigns daapirqvavebs wnels zed gadaadebs da Sin Serbis iq rac SeiZleba lamaz lamaz sasmiss eZebs yvavilebian finjans amoarCevs cal xelSi TefSze dadgmuli finjani uWiravs caliTac suras amoaWyapWyapebs

mTamsvleli svams erT finjans da iRimis svams meores da isev iRimis svams mesames da isev iRimis raRa Tqma unda isic axalgazrdaa da lamazi

gogona Tavs xris da wiTldeba suris yurze SemoWdobili TiTebi ki mTlianad uTeTrdeba

win wasuli jgufidan Zaxili ismis aara gqvia ekiTxeba mTamsvleli gogonas mzisagaizarde mzisavmzia ki ukve gazrdilia Semodgomaze Teqvsmetisa gaxdeba mTamsvleli sanam gzis gasabruns moefarebodes erTxelac moixedavs da werayins

maRla aswevs mzisac xels uqnevsmere mTamsvlelebi Sors Sors Savi kldis mkerdze daebmebian mZiviviT mere ki

kldec da mTamsvlelebic nisls miaqvs TeTr nislsmzisa ki isev banze zis iq zis meore dResac mesamesac banze axla xorbali aRar aris gafenili mzisas sufTa lamazi dawinwkluli kaba

acvia da lamazad aqvs dawnuli Tmebi meti araferi Do

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leqsika _ sityvebi... sityvebi...

10. daukavSireT erTmaneTs sityva da misi ganmarteba.

galavani •

gonji •

grdemli •

gulTmisani •

gumbaTi •

davluri •

daira •

darbaiseli •

despani •

dilegi •

• erTgvari qarTuli cekva. • liTonis saWedi dazga.• romelime qveynis mociquli, wargzavnili sxva qveyanaSi sa­

xelmwifoebrivi mniS vne lobis davalebiT. • eklesiis sakurTxevlis mrgvali saxu ravi.• uSno, ulamazo, maxinji.• qviTkiris zRude cixisa, qalaqisa.• dinji, zrdilobiani, TavdaWerili (xni eri adamiani).• sapyrobile, sakani.• mkiTxavi, misani; yvelafris gamomcnobi, mimxvedri. • musikaluri sakravi, JRarunebiani, da bal rkalze cali

mxridan tyavga dakruli.

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT:

11. iciT Tu ara am zmnebis mniSvneloba? daukavSireT erTmaneTs zmnis forma da ganmarteba.

daabotebs •

dabardnis •

dagmanavs •

dauJinebs •

dahyabuldeba •

eCoTireba •

zluqunebs •

zozinebs •

iqadagebs •

kafiaobs •

• dasTanxmdeba, daeTanxmeba.• magrad daxuravs kars, sarkmels; amotenis qvebiT, CvrebiT

napralebs.• euxerxuleba, ver egueba.• raime moZRvrebas gaacnobs, ganu martavs xalxs. • didi nabijebiT dadis, daalajebs.• saxeldaxelod Txzavs da ambobs leq sebs; leqsebiT pa­

eqrobs.• Tovli daedeba, Tovli dafaravs.• Caacivdeba, daaZalebs.• gulamoskvniT, xmamaRla tiris.• nela, duned, zantad saqmianobs, moZ raobs.Don't

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SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli zmnebis gamoyenebiT:

12. iciT Tu ara sxva enebidan Semosuli am sityvebis mniSvneloba?

incidenti •

kaloSi •

kavaleri •

irigacia •

iaguari •

karabini •

karnizi •

kasacia •

kompetenturi •

kreiseri •

• didi, swrafmavali samxedro gemi, romelic SeiaraRebulia mZlavri sabrZolo teqni kiT.

• miwebis xelovnurad morwyvis sistema.• Sverili Senobis kedlis (an karis, sarkmlis) Tavze; saxuravs,

Wers Semoyolebuli viwro arSia.• sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis gasaCivreba.• usiamovno SemTxveva, gaugebroba, Sexla­Semoxla. • 1. mamakaci, romelic arTobs qals sazo gadoebaSi; cekvavs mas­

Tan; qalis motrfiale. 2. mflobeli, patroni raime or denisa, orde nosani.

• didi tanis ZuZumwovari cxoveli kati seb rTa ojaxidan. aqvs Sav laqebiani mo wiTalo yviTeli bewvi. gavrcelebulia sam­xreT ame rikaSi.

• erTgvari mokleluliani msubuqi Tofi.• 1. codnaze damyarebuli, safuZvliani, av toritetuli; 2. raime

dargis, raime sa kiTxis saTanadod mcodne. • rezinis dabali fexsacmeli, Cveulebriv, sxva fexsacmelze

wamosacmeli (talaxisa da sisvelisagan dasacavad).

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT:

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13. iciT Tu ara am barbarizmebis qarTuli Sesatyvisebi?

soki •

tormuzi •

naCniki •

poli •

bagaJniki •

pakriSka •

zanaveska •

Saxmati •

kalbasi •

Soferi •

•Zexvi

•saburavi

•farda

•wveni

•mZRoli

•muxruWi

•magidis naTura

•iataki

•Wadraki

•sabarguli

SeadgineT winadadebebi swori formebis gamoyenebiT:

14. konteqstis gaTvaliswinebiT Tqven Tavad ganmarteT qvemoT mocemuli sityvebi:1. naRverdali _ `naRverdals gaqeqavda, gamwarebuli uberavda suls.~ (g. doCanaSvili)

2. sisxami _ `kargi iyo dila, sisxami, cvriani.~ (g. doCanaSvili)

3. winamoaivani _ `gansakuTrebiT irTveboda saxlis winamoaivani, sarkmeli, svetebi.~ (g. leoniZe)

4. Tavqeifa _`elferiT Rvinis kaci ufro iyo, vidre sulisa, Tavqeifa, lxiniko,Rvinis xapia.~ (g. leoniZe)

5. fleita _ `wylis sust dudunSi mis yuramde aRwevda momReral qalTa galoba da fleitebis tkbili hangebi.~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa)

6. senaki _ `misi sacole senakSi Tmas ivarcxnida.~ (Targ. T. dvaliS vilisa)Do

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7. citra _ `iswavla citraze dakvra.~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa)

8. Cangi _ `wuxel Semoegeba moxucis Cangis JRera.~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa)

9. uTvistomoba `nu vin ityvis oblobisa vaebas,nu vin sCivis Tavis uTvistomobas!~ (n. baraTaSvili)

10. samzeoze _ `gadavwyvite Cemi ojaxis, karis mezoblebis da gare mezoblebis ena samzeoze gamometana.~ (g. SatberaSvili) SeudareT Tqveni ganmartebebi saleqsikono ganmartebebs.

frazeologia

15. daukavSireT frazeologiuri gamoTqma mis ganmartebas:

• kamaras Sekravs• kedels naxSiri! • kriWaSi Caudgeba• kudebi aqvT ga danas­

kvuli• leCaqs daxuravs• madls izams da marils

moayris • maraqaSi ereva• mglis Tavze sa xarebas

kiTxu lobdnen• mirekavs Tavisas• moiyris muxls

• keTil saqmes bolomde miiyvans, daag virgvinebs.• daiCoqebs.• saqveynod Tavs mosWris, Searcxvens (mamakacs).• amaod Seagoneben, aswavlian vinmes, romelsac mainc

ar esmis, ar iTva liswinebs.• Tavis Wkuaze moqmedebs an laparakobs, aravis

usmens.• wamoZaxili raime moulodnelis moxde nisas.• jibrSi Caudgeba; SeewinaaRmdegeba.• piri aqvT Sekruli, erTmaneTs uWeren mxars.• fexis xmas asdevs, sxvebs utolebs Tavs, laparakSi

uadgilod, zedmetad er Tve ba.• haerSi naxevarwreze gafrindeba frin veli, maRla

axteba da Sors daeSveba cxoveli.

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli frazeologizmebis gamoyenebiT:

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16. amoiwereT frazeologiuri gamoTqmebi da Tqven Tavad ganmarteT:1. `amoayofines jibidan mWads Tavi. Segirdebma gada ixarxares, maswavlebelma

ulvaSSi Caicina... me sir cxvilis ofli gadamskda.~ (akaki)2. `suli kbiliT miWiravs, Cems nivTier gaWirvebas da Seviwroebas bolo ar uCans.~

(vaJa)3. `ki SeSindeba! Tqven daginaxavT da suli koWebSi ar Cauva?!~ (d. kldiaSvili)4. `asfurcelam erTi Tvalis daxamxamebaze gveleSaps suli gaafrTxobina.~

(zRap.) 5. `RmerTi maRlidan giyurebs, me rom sulis wawymedisagan damixseni.~ (ilia)6. `virTagva davinaxe Tu ara, vesrole. virTagvam sulze gamaswro, Torem Savi

dRe daadgeboda.~ 7. `me maSinve tanma migrZno, raRac xifaTs rom SemamTxvevda.~ (g. doCanaSvili)8. `xom aseTi pirmSvenieri iyo qali, vaJkacs tols ar udebda samamaco saqmeSi.~

(k. gamsaxurdia)9. `cecxli mwvavs, Zmao, cecxli mwvavs, ualo, moudebari.~ (vaJa)10. `amis Semdeg TerZisTvis ubatonod xma aravis gaucia da sikvdilamde xelmwife

iyo.~ (j. qarCxaZe)

17. daawyvileT da amoiwereT msgavsi mniSvnelobis fraze ologizmebi:

saxeli gauvarda •saxeli gautyda •

sityva bageze Seeyina •sityva banze isrola •sityva pirze SeaSra •

sityvis gatexa •sityvis micema •sityvis Senaxva •

sulis amorTmeva •sulis gakmenda •

•piris gautexloba•sulis amoxda•sityva gauSra•piris gatexa•sityva banze aagdo•xmis gakmenda•pirobis micema•sityva tuCze Seeyina•saxeli wauxda•saxeli moixveWaDo

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qvemoT moyvanilia ganmartebebi. SeusabameT isini zemoT mocemul frazeologizmebs da amoiwereT erTad _ ori frazeologizmi da ganmarteba.

•dapireba.•saubris Temis ganzrax Secvla.•dapirebis Sesruleba.•gaCumeba, dadumeba.•saTqmelis daumTavreblad xmis Cawyveta.•danapirebi, naTqvamis Seusrulebloba.•gawvaleba, gatanjva, gawameba.•cnobili, saxelganTqmuli gaxda. •uecrad xmis Cawyveta, verafris Tqma.•Sercxvena, Tavis moWra.

amoirCieT frazeologiuri wyvilidan erTi da SeadgineT winadadebebi maTi gamoyenebiT:

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stilisturi problemebi

zogjer arasworad or formas iyeneben im SemTxvevaSi, roca erTi zmnuri formiT qarTulSi Tavisuflad da ukeTesad gamoixateba azri. daukvirdiT am formebs da daimaxsovreT:

I.

Secdomaa sworiadartyma miayena daartyadaxmareba aRmouCina daexmaraeweva gayidvas yidiswarmoebs gayidva iyidebaeweva fizikur varjiSs varjiSobsewyoba gamoSveba (gazeTisa) uSveben (gazeTs)ewyoba Cveneba (filmisa) uCveneben (films)ziani miayena daazianazrunvas iCens zrunavsiqna miRebuli (kanoni) miiRes (kanoni)

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli swori formebis gamo yenebiT.

II.

Secdomaa sworiaTovli modis Tovswvima modis wvimsmarcxi ganicada damarcxdamimdinareobs Cayra (milebisa) yrian (milebs)swori Sefaseba misca sworad SeafasaSekeTebas Caatarebs SeakeTebsdajaxeba moaxdina daejaxaWriloba miayena daWragancxadeba gaakeTa ganacxadaSekveTa misca SeukveTamomzadebas awarmoebs moamzadamoZraobaSi moiyvana aamoZravaDo

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SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli swori formebis gamo yenebiT.

vwerT oficialuri eniT

warmoidgineT, rom Tqven gindaT eqskursiis mowyoba sa qarTvelos romelime kuTxeSi. jgufis saxeliT mimarTeT skolis administracias, rom dagexmaron eqskursiis mo wyobaSi. CamoayalibeT werilobiT:

• ra gWirdebaT?• ratom gindaT eqskursiaze wasvla?• rogor fiqrobT eqskursiis organizebas?

vwerT Tavisuflad Tavisufal Temaze

dawereT:

SekiTxva `ratom?~ Cems bavSvobaSi da dRes...

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IV Tavi

I. zmnis daboloeba

vimeorebT

daimaxsovreT

arasworia sworiasma vsvav vsvam*zma vizav vizamCacma vicvav, vicmev vicvamdadgma vdgav vdgamdasxma visxav visxamdartyma vartyav vartyamtexa vtexav vtexgleja vglijav vglejkveTa vkveTav vkveTwmenda vwmindav vwmendkrefa vkrifav vkrefTqma eubneva eubnebakbeCa vkbiCav vkbeCWama iWmeva iWmebaTqma vambof vambobdapireba apirobs apirebsgadawyveta gadawyvitavs gadawyvetsdarekva daurekia daurekavsdaxatva dauxatia dauxatavsTqma uTqvia uTqvamsdaketva dauketia dauketavsgazrda gazrdilvar gavzrdilvardamalva damalulvar davmalulvardadgma damgarviyavi davmdgariyaviyofna yofilviyavi vyofiliyavigakeTeba gamekeTebia gamekeTebinadaxatva daaxatvia daaxatvina

vwerT sworad 1. CasviT swori forma:a)

1. ras ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­? _ limonaTs. (svav, svam)2. dRes koncerze ras ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­? (icmev, icvav, icvam)3. ginda, koka­kolas ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­? (dagisxav, dagisxam)4. am doqs aq ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, me ar vici, sad unda Sevinaxo. (vdgav, vdgam)5. Sen ras ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ dRes, Cven qalaqgareT gavdivarT. (izav, izam)Do

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6. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ movalo da ar vici, moaxerxebs Tu ara. (meubneva, meubneba)7. magda londonSi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ swavlis gagarZelebas. (apirebs, apirobs)8. es kerZi rogor ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, kovziT Tu dana­CangliT? (iWmeva, iWmeba)9. kbili mtkiva da vaSls ver ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ (vkbiCav, vkbeC)10. natas xom ar ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­? (daurekavs, daurekia)

b)1. naxe, ra ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ bavSvebs? (dauxatiaT, dauxatavT)2. rodis ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ vaSls? (krifavT, krefT)3. me yovelTvis ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, rom myvars xe lovneba. (vambof, vambob)4. es karebi boqlomiT ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, me ver ga vaReb. (dauketia, dauketavs)5. netav es diliTve ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, axla Tavisufali viqnebodi.

(gamekeTebina, gamekeTebia)6. vis ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ es suraTi, namdvli Sedevria. (daaxatvines, daaxatvies)7. dedaCems ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, kari daketos da wamo videso. (uTqvia, uTqvams)8. skolis administracia Tavad ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, rodis unda daiwyos

swavla. (gadawyvets, gadawyvitavs)9. ai, am saxlSi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (gazrdilvar, gavzrdilvar)10. ar maxsovs, sad unda ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ dRes, 2 saaTze. (yofilviyavi, vyofiliyavi)

2. gaxazeT swori formebi, xolo araswori formebi amoiwereT sworad:

gaubia, WikWikobs, srialebs, vamayof, Cxvlitavs, abavs, bzeks, bricavs, glijavs, dRvebs, zilavs, xvews, gawyvitavs, kvnitavs, Rlitavs, Srets, krefaven, texaven, Cexen, bertyavs, lews, xocs, xexavs, grixavs, grexavs, dagrexa, yefavs, bertyavs, Tibs, kenkavs, ketavs, kecs, lesavs, lews, pentavs, recxavs, qeqs, xocs, qeqavs,

wveTs, reks, vbaram...

II. ricxvSi monacvle zmnebi

zmna forma mxolobiTisaTvis

forma mravlobiTisaTvis

jdoma _ sxdoma bavSvi zis bavSvebi sxedan.xalxi dasxda.

vardna _ cvivna vaSli Camovarda vaSlebi CamocvivdavaSlebi Camoiyara

kvdoma _ xocva adamiani mokvda adamianebi daixocnenxalxi daixoca

gdeba _ yra qva gadaagdo qvebi gadayara

sma _ Casxma bavSvebi navSi Cavsvi bavSvebi navSi Cavsxi

mobma _ mosxma vazma mtevani moiba vazma mtevnebi moisxa

texa _ mtvreva boTli gatyda boTlebi daimtvraboTlebi daimsxvra

aReba _ akrefa aiRe wigni akrife wignebi

gagdeba _ garkva gaagde cxvari gareke cxvrebigareke saqoneli

dacema _ dasxma yaCaRi Tavs daeca yaCaRebi Tavs daesxnenDon't

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vwerT sworad

3. CasviT swori forma:a) 1. am klasSi ocdaaTi moswavle ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (zis, sxedan)

2. ­­­­­­­­­­­ es stumrebi manqanaSi da oc wuTSi restoranSi iqnebian. (Casvi, Casxi)3. fexze mdgari xalxi didi xani ukravda taSs sayvarel msaxiobs da mxolod ramdenime wuTis Semdeg ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (dasxdnen, dasxda, dajda)4. vin ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ amdeni WurWeli? (gatexa, daamtvria)5. miwisZvrisagan uamravi xalxi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (daixoca, mokvda, daixocnen)6. xval saqoneli Cven unda ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ saZovarze. (gavdenoT, gavrekoT)7. wels am vaSlma ra kargad ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (moisxa, moiba)8. ramdeni wigni yria iatakze, ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (aiRe, akrife)9. naxe, sad gdia Seni CanTa, ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (aiRe, akrife)10. Cemi biZaSvili taqsSi ­­­­­­­­­ da saxlSi gavuSvi. (Cavsvi, Cavsxi)

b) 1. gogona am sityvebis gagonebisTanave ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, biWebi ki maswavleblis gverdiT ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ da filmis sayureblad moemzadnen. (dajda, dasxda; dajdnen, dasxdnen)2. xalxi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ ar apirebda, reJisori ki loJaSi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ da TavdakvriT uxdida madlobas xalxs. (dajdoma, dasxdoma; ijda, isxda)3. am parks ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, magram wignebs xom ver ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­. (gadagdeba, gadayra)4. sul ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ xili am saSinelma qarma. (Camoagdo, Camoyara)5. ra qarma ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ aqeT? aq ram mogiyvana? (gadmogdeba, gadmoyra)6. xexilma wels kargad ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­, vaSlis didi mosavali gveqneba. (moiba, moisxa)7. es Wiqa vin ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­? an es TefSebi vin ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­? ra xdeba aq? (gatexva, damtvreva)8. Toki gawyda, sarke Camovarda da sul ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ iqca. (namtvrevebi, namsxvrevebi)9. mtris jari Tavs ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ qarTvelTa banaks, magram qarTvelebma male ukuagdes. (daeca, daesxa, daesxnen)10. ­­­­­­­­­­­­ es Wiqa magididan, es wignebic ­­­­­­­­­­­­, sufra unda gavSalo. (aReba, akrefa)

gavaaqtiuroT codna

4. ipoveT da gaasworeT Secdomebi:a)

raze metyvelebs varcxniloba

varcxniloba pirovnebis garegani saxea. rodesac adamians ucqerT, pirvelaT siluetTan erTad TvalSi misi Tma da var cxniloba mogxvdebad.

winaT varcxniloba pirovnebis socialur mdgomareobaze mig vaniSnebda. var­cxnilobiT gansxvavdeboden erTmaneTisgan qa liSvili gaTxovili qali qvrivi aristokrati da glexi. maga liTaT Tu qaliSvili gaSlili TmiT iwonebda Tavs gaTxovili qals Tma Sekruli qonda qvrivi Tav­saburavs atarebda...

droTa ganmavlobaSi varcxnilobis roli waiSala. axla is Cven individua­lo bas amtkicefs pirovnebis gemovnebas da Sexedulo bebs gamoxatavs. TavianT individualobis xaz­gasasmelaT qale bi cdiloben varcxnilobaSi patara Do

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gansxvavebuli detali Car Ton romelic yvelafers Secvlis. sxva­da­sxva varcxni­lobiTa da sxva­da­sxva feraT SeRebili TmebiT qalebs surT droze gaimarjvon da ramodenime cxovrebiT icxovron.

b) moxerxebuli mebaRe

erTxel mefem Caicva glaxis tan­sacmeli da samefos daT valierebas Seudga, undoda gaego, vin rogor cxovrobdnen. Sevida erT baRSi da naxa mebaRe, kiTxa, ra gaq jamagirio.

erTi Tumani upasuxa mebaRem.mere ras uSvebi mag Tumanso kiTxa mefem. or maneTs vWam, or maneTs vaZlev, or maneTs fanjridan vagdeb, or maneTs vinaxam

da ori maneTiT vals vistumrebo. mefem veraferi gaigo, Semdeg mebaRes uTxra: sanam Cems saxes ar dainaxav,

aravis araferi uTxrao da wavida. mefem daibara vezirebi da gadaca mebaRis mier ganawilebuli Tumnis ambavi da ubrZana: Cqara gaigeT, ras niSnavs es sityvebi, Torem yvelas dagxocT. SeSinebul vezirebma mTeli samefo Semoiares, magram versaT verafeli gaiges. bolos am baRSi Seviden da Tavisi gaWirveba mebaResac uambes. mebaRes gaecina: _ maneTi momeciT da me agixsniTo. maSinve mices. daxeda fulze daxatuli mefes, icno da mixvda, Tu vin yofila masTan adre. uyurefs am mefis suraTs da Tan uxsnis vezirebs: or maneTs rom vWam, amiT me vcxovrof, ori maneTiT ded­mamas vacxovref, imaT vals vixdi. ori maneTiT vaJebs vzrdi, rom gaizrdebian, mere me macxovreben, or maneTs fanjridan vagdeb, qalebs vzrdi, gaTxovdebian da wavlen. or maneTs ki Savi dRisTvis vinaxavo.

gaxarebuli vezirebi mefesTan mividen da yvelaferi sworaT gaunmartes. gabrazebul mefem mebaRe daibara da gaujavrda: me xo giTxari, sanam Cems saxes ar naxavdi, aravisTvis geTqva?! mebaRem amoiRo jibidan maneTi da uTxra: ai, mefeo, Seni saxe ager aris daxatuli, me mas velaparakebodi, sxvisTvis araferi miTqviao.

mefes moewona moxerxebuli mebaRes pasuxi da didaT da asaCuqra.

oh, es sasveni niSnebi!..

5. gaixseneT punqtuqciis wesebi da dasviT teqstSi sasveni niSnebi:

banaoba mzis Casvlisas(g. rCeuliSvili)

Camodi kaco mSvenieri wyalia siciliT Tqva dedam da meuRles xeli mohkida_ uceb mama uceb qal­vaJi gars Semoexvia da xmauriT Caiyvanes wyalSimze Cadioda mTeli zRva aTasnairi ferebiT moifina deda kiskisebda mere vaJs

xeli mohkida eSinoda wylis da sTxova napir­napir etarebina xan Sehkivlebda xolme kiskisiT Tu niadags vera grZnobda Tan wylidan xteboda siamovnebas gvrida Svilis jansaRi sxeulis yurebac Svili ki aswavlida. jer TviTon Cawva wyalSi da gacura mere bayayuri aCvena Seecada zurgzec daewvina dedac xalisiT akeTebda yvelafers magram imwamsve midioda fskerisken rasac mokle Seyvireba mosdevda

gverdze gogona aswavlida mamas igi ufro niWieri gamodga pirvelive cdaze mTeli sami wamiT gaCerda wyalze cota xnis mere aT daTvlamde avida wyalSi mTeli Do

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ZaliT iqnevda Tavis zorba mklavebs da aTi­Tormeti metris manZilze isroda Sxefebs gogona cdilobda sinaze Seetana mis moZraobaSi exveweboda esunTqa igi ujerebda Svils ramdenimejer energiuladac daaRo piri magram haeri ver SeisunTqa axla brasis swavlaze gadavida mTeli sami nabiji gacura

oho­ho dauZaxa Zmam das wamo SevcuroT cota oriveni adgilidan daiZrnen sufTa damuSavebuli mklauriT. mama axlo mivida

dedasTan da xeli mohkida orive usazRvrod amayi iyo gulSi Svilebi sakmaod Sors Sevidnen dedis saxeze ukve SiSi gamoisaxa sanapirodan samasiode nabijis moSorebiT gaCerdnen oriveni da gaswvriv daiwyes curva Tan erTmaneTs usworebdnen sxvisTvis SeumCnevel Secdomebs

mamam dedas xeli mohkida isev CemTan modi Cemo moxucoo da RimiliT gaacura wyalze mere piriqiT dedam acurava

avideT napirze pirveli dRea meyofa uTxra qmarma oriveni uxmod amovidnen jer kidev Tbil qvebze wamowolilni gascqerodnen

mocurave qal­vaJsorivem moiwyina mgoni dagviviwyes gaifiqra mamam odnavi wyeniT da xmamaRla Tqvara kargad curaven ho me magaTi ar meSinia daumowma dedam gulSi ki fiqrobda vin icis ase Sors

mainc ar varga rame rom iyos arc erTma curva ar viciT netav mcodnodamama Cacmas Seudga mere napirisken brasiT mocurave Svilebs gaxeda Tan fiqrobda

magaT venacvale marTalia vitanjebi mTeli zafxuli gegmebis weriT magram magaTTvis Rirs arc gaisad avi Reb Svebulebas zafxulSi vimuSaveb dae icuraon man meuRles gaucina da xmamaRla Tqva

icuraon momavali magaTiaoh rogor undoda yofiliyo axalgazrdamisi qal­vaJi idga wyalSi da saubrobda

leqsika _ sityvebi... sityvebi...

6. daukavSireT erTmaneTs sityva da misi ganmarteba.

dasabamiT •

dasalieri •

daSaSruli •

dolabi •

dire •

doRi •

edemi •

embazi •

erTTavad •

varami •

•gaTlili xe, datanebuli karis Ziras, derefnis napiras an saxuravis sayrdenad kedlis Tavze.

•gulSi dagrovili didi wuxili, dardi, boRma.•1. samoTxe; 2. bibliuri qveyana, sadac ganisveneben umwikvlo

sulebi da sadac gamoZevebamde cxovrobdnen adami da eva; 3. mSvenieri, baRnariviT, samoTxesaviT ayvavebuli qveyana.

•Tavidanve, imTaviTve, sul adridan.•qveynis bolo, kide, qveynierebis dasas ruli.•wisqvilis didi mrgvali qva, romlis meore qvaze trialiTac

ifqveba marcvleuli. •cxenebis rbola, Sejibri.•WurWeli, romelSic bavSvs monaTvlisas gaabaneben.•damskdari, daxeTqili (kani, qerqi).•mudamJams, ganuwyvetliv, yovelTvis, gamudmebiT, sul.Don't

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SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT:

7. iciT Tu ara am zmnebis mniSvneloba? daukavSireT erTmaneTs zmnis forma da ganmarteba.

laslasebs •

mielamuneba •

mialajunebs •

miutevebs •

mieltvis •

moiwifeba •

slukunebs •

uSuRlebs •

uxmobs •

fafxurobs •

•1. TavisTan eZaxis, iwvevs, ibarebs; 2. eZaxis, saxels arqmevs, uwodebs.

•zrdasruli, srulwlovani gaxdeba.

•Seundobs, apatiebs codvebs.

•gulamomjdari, nawyvet­nawyvet xmamaRla tiris.

•viTom raRacis gakeTebas cdilobs.

•umweod, uZlurad, uZalod dadis.

•nazad, alersianad Seexeba.

•didi nabijebiT daudevrad midis, miabotebs.

•miiswrafvis, mieSureba, miiCqaris (vinmesken).

•Cxubs autexs, auSardeba, auxirdeba.

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli zmnebis gamoyenebiT:

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8. iciT Tu ara sxva enebidan Semosuli am sityvebis mniSvneloba?

•labirinTi

•lazareTi

•litania

•manipulacia

•manifesti

•metania

•monologi

•dialogi

•muza

•oazisi

•1. umaRlesi xelisuflebis weri lobiTi mimarTva mosax le­obisadmi gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis mqone movlenis gamo; 2. po litikuri partiis, sazogadoebrivi or ga nizaciis weri­lobiTi saprogramo mimar Tva; 3. romelime litaraturuli jgufis Se moq medebiTi principebis werilobiTi gad mocema.

•saubari or an ramdenime pirs Soris.•adgili udabnoSi, sadac wyalia da mcenareebi xarobs.•rTuli, mixveul­moxveuli, daxlar Tuli, Znelad gasagnebi

nageboba, ad gili. •sayovelTao locva, romlis drosac eklesias gars uvlian. imarTeba

didi dResaswaulis dros.•1. raime rTuli moqmedeba, rTuli xerxi; 2. eSmakoba, oini, yal­

Tabandoba.•muxlis moyra da Tavis miwamde daxra locvis dros.•erTi piris mier TavisTvis, sxvasTan saubris gareSe warmoT­

qmuli sityva.• mecnierebisa da xelovnebis mfarveli qal RmerTi berZnul mi­

TologiaSi.•samxedro saavadmyofo.

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT:

9. iciT Tu ara am barbarizmebis qarTuli Sesatyvisebi?

semiCka •lampoCka •

spiCka •iubka •

xrustali •prava •

pasilka •plaSi •

duxovka •setka •

•haerRumeli•amanaTi•labada•naTura•bade•asanTi•qvedatani•mzesumzira•broli•marTvis mowmobaDo

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SeadgineT winadadebebi swori formebis gamoyenebiT:

10. konteqstis gaTvaliswinebiT Tqven Tavad ganmarteT mocemuli sityvebi:

1. wiflisCita _`dilas erTma wiflisCitam Cems axlos igaloba.~ (vaJa)

2. guguliskaba _`Cvens iqiT guguliskaba amosuliyo.~ (vaJa)

3. gadiyreina _ gamobWyvinda _ `rodesac xe waiqca, gadiyreina zevidam foTlebi da wiTlad gamobWyvinda.~ (vaJa)

4. beCavi _ `qveynisa misgan SvenebaerTi beCavi wamia.~ (vaJa)

5. versi _ `orisa Tu samis versis sigrZeze var mxolod bednieri da ucodveli.~ (vaJa)

6. mironi _ `vin mogviTxras maTi saqme,uTvalavi, sagmironi,da an maTze gadmosulimadli RvTisa da mironi?~ (akaki)

7. anazdeulad _ `miT yuradReba krebulismiipyro anazdeulad.~ (akaki)

8. isar­kaparWi _ `isar­kaparWi momarTes,xmals hlesen, farsa hferaven.~ (akaki)

9. ficxeli _ `ficxeli omi avtexoT,saqebi adrindulado!~ (akaki)Do

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10. saxlTuxucesi _ `es uTxra erT bers saxlTuxucesmada Sesavali uCvena kari.~ (akaki)

SeudareT Tqveni ganmartebebi saleqsikono ganmartebebs.

frazeologia

11. daukavSireT frazeologiuri gamoTqma mis ganmartebas:

•monasteri aireva

•mouqonavs Tavs

•mtlad daedeba

•muxli moeWreba

•nemss Sedebs, saxniss gamoiRebs

•orsave mxares hkeravs

•or cecxls Sua aris

•oxtSi (oxtidan) amova

•paWiWs wveri SemoerRveva

•pirze klites daidebs

•fexze dgomas ver SeZlebs, Caike ceba, waiqceva, davardeba.

•ormxriv gasaWirSia, did gansac delSia.•arafrisagan raRacas gaakeTebs, erTs aTad aq­

cevs.•gaCumdeba, xmas ar amoiRebs.•gulis mogebas Seecdeba, moefereba, moela­

quceba.•aqeTac aris da iqiTac, orpirulad iqceva, Tval­

T maqcobs.•areul­dareuloba, aurzauri, uwes rigoba ga­

Cndeba, Seiqmneba.•javrs amoiyris, gauswordeba vinmes.•dafaruli gamomJRavndeba.•malamod daedeba, Tavs Semoevleba, daenacvleba;

mokvdeba mis nac vlad.

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli frazeologizmebis gamoye nebiT:

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12. amoiwereT frazeologizmebi da Tqven Tavad ganmarteT:1. `ekvirine nametans ubzuebda tuCs mezoblebs.~ (d. kldi aSvili)2. `neta uzurSi avi xom ar Caido yurSas patronma?~ (m. ja vaxiSvili)3. `jandieris ukiTxavad feiqar­xani wyalsac ar daaqcevda da axlac Turme imas

gamoegzavna mociquli ColoyaSvilTan~ (akaki)4. `eg svelebi mainc gaixade, ukuRma daWedilo!~ (r. ina niSvili)5. `mTvariani Rameebia, fetvs akref Tovlze.~ (r. inaniSvili)6. `mayaSvils TeiranSi didi adgilic eWira sasaxlis karze, magram gadaubrunda

fexi da Serisxuli gamoistumres.~ (akaki)7. `Seayena zeda fexze man dambaCa gatenili.~ (akaki)8. `sanam TuTuns Sevaxvevdi, fonic vipove.~ (k. lorTqi fa niZe)9. `griSas brtyel­brtyeli sityvebis warmoTqma uyvarda, pan te uazrod Ses­

cqeroda qadagad davardnils.~ (n. wu leiskiri)10. `berikacs Tvalic atyuebs da xelic hRalatobs, is qari aRar aqvs, rac axal­

gazrdas.~ (ilia)

13. daawyvileT da amoiwereT msgavsi mniSvnelobis fraze olo gizmebi:

badeSi gaxveva •bdRviris adena •bedma gauRima •

gankiTxvis dRis dadgoma •gverdis axveva •

gverdis damSveneba •gverdSi amodgoma •gza­kvalis areva •

gzis gakvalva •gons mogeba •

•gankiTxvis dRis mosvla•mxaris damSveneba•Tavgzis abneva•badeSi gabma•gzis gakafva•zurgze bolis adena •gverdis avla •mxarSi amodgoma •gons mosvla•beds ewia

qvemoT moyvanilia ganmartebebi. SeusabameT isini zemoT mocemul frazeologiz­mebs da amoiwereT erTad _ ori fraze ologizmi da ganmarteba.Do

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•dabrkolebaTa gadalaxva, winsvlis pirobebis Seqmna.•masTan aris, gverdSi udgas.•dabneva, swori gzidan acdena.•mixvedra, gamorkveva, cnobierebis dabruneba.•moulodnelad kargi rame SeemTxva.•daxmareba, Svela.•uyuradRebod datoveba, angariSis gauwevloba.•ganadgureba, gacamtvereba.•danaSaulze pasuxismgeblobis drois dadgoma.•maxis dageba.

amoirCieT frazeologiuri wyvilidan erTi da SeadgineT winadadebebi maTi ga­moyenebiT:

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stilisturi problemebi

I. zogjer arasworad urTaven formas ­Si Tandebuls maSin, roca qarTul enaSi uTandebulo forma iTvleba sworad. daukvirdiT am formebs da daimaxsovreT:

Secdomaa sworia

kavSirSia kavSiri aqvs, dakavSirebulia

mimarTebaSi mimarTebiT

malvaSia imaleba

ZebnaSia iZebneba

gayidvaSia iyideba

patimrobaSi aiyvanes daapatimres

sisruleSi moiyvana Seasrula

sityvaSi gamovida sityviT gamovida

SetevaSia utevs

SecdomaSi Seiyvana Seacdina

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli swori formebis gamoyenebiT.

II. zogjer arasworad urTaven formas ­dmi Tandebuls maSin, roca qarTul enaSi uTandebulo forma iTvleba sworad. daukvirdiT am formebs da daimaxsovreT:

Secdomaa sworia

adamianisadmi siyvaruli adamianis siyvaruli

cxovelebisadmi siyvaruli cxovelebis siyvaruli

bunebisadmi siyvaruli bunebis siyvaruli

Cemdami pativiscema Cemi pativiscema

kanonisadmi pativiscema kanonis pativiscema

momavlisadmi rwmena momavlis rwmena

samSoblosadmi siyvaruli samSoblos siyvaruli

xalxisadmi samsaxuri xalxis samsaxuri

kanonisadmi morCileba kanonis morCilebaDon't

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SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli swori formebis gamoyenebiT.

vwerT oficialuri eniT

warmoidgineT, rom skolaSi gindaT moawyoT RonisZieba `wignis kvireuli~. daxmarebisaTvis mimarTeT skolis administracias. CamoayalibeT werilobiT Tqveni Txovna:• ra gWirdebaT RonisZiebisaTvis?• ratom gindaT moawyoT es RonisZieba?• rogor apirebT RonisZiebis organizebas?

vwerT Tavisuflad Tavisufal Temaze

dawereT:

yvelas Tavisi warsuli aqvs _ ra aris warsuli CemTvis?

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V Tavi

I. zmnizeda

vimeorebT

daimaxsovreT, swori formebia:

zmnizedebi

gareT, aqeT, iqiT, zeviT, qveviT, winaT, uneblieT...Zvelad, ucbad, uecrad...blomad, mTlad, kargad, cudad, Cumad, advilad...amdenad, magdenad, imdenad, metad...dilas, saRamos...gverdze...

II. Tandebuli

ori Tanxmovani Tandebulian formebSi

vazze, ialbuzze, Tevzze...angariSSi, qarqSSi...burTTan, baraTTan, imereTTan ruseTTan, safrangeTTan...

Tandebuli da fuZiseuli Tanxmovani

TbilisSi, quTaisSi, maisSi, ivlisSi...

Tandebulis swori formamegobrisTvis... (da ara megobrisTvin...)soflamde (da ara soflamdis...)

Tandebuli ­gan (naTesaobiTi brunva)risgan? visgan?

xisgan, liTonisagan, brinjaosgan... amxanagisgan, megobrisagan...

Tandebuli ­idan (moqmedebiTi brunva)saidan? ra droidan?

saxlidan, Tbilisidan, quTaisidan, inglisidan...dilidan, xuTi saaTidan, kviridan, orSabaTidan...

ori Tandebuliani formabaRebsa da skolebSi...qalaqebsa da soflebSi...Tbilissa da baTumSi...

III. nawilaki

sxvaTa sityvis nawilaki nimuSi

­meTqi (<me vTqvi) _ winamaval sityvasTan iwereba defisiT.

xom giTxari, movida­meTqi.

­Tqo (< Tqva) _ winamaval sityvasTan iwereba defisiT.

ase uTxari, male moval­Tqo.

­o _ iwereba winamaval sityvasTan erTad. daibara, male movalo.Don't

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vwerT sworad

1. gaasworeT Secdomebi:a)

1. es yvelaferi Tu advilaT gaige, maSin safrangeTan mimowerac daiwye.2. Cveni ofisi oTx qalaqSia: TbiliSi, quTaiSi, bolnisa da dmaniSi.3. es beWedi vercxlidan gaakeTebie? Zalian lamazia.4. xom giTxari, am oqrodan araferi ar gamovameTqi, cotaa, erT beWeds samioTxi

grami oqro mainc Wirdeba.5. im soflamdis xuTi kilometri mainc iqneba, fexiT ver waxval.6. winad aseTi ram uCveulo iyo, axla ki Cveulebrivia. 7. mapatied, unebled momivida, ar mindoda!8. amdenaT, yvelaferi kargaT gaiazreT da gadawyvetilebac mere miiReT.9. ramdenjer giTxariT, es bileTi ar mindaTqo.10. ra Tqva nugzarma? male moval­o?

b)1. mTlaT kargaT ver gavige, ra unda gavakeTo.2. es werili Cemi megobridan miviRe, italiaSi.3. uecraT gamovarda es manqana mosaxvevidan da kinaRam adamians daejaxa.4. dilaze SevxvdeT Tu saRamoze?5. im maRaziis gverZe ro afTiaqia, iq muSaofs dedaCemi.6. es wigni Cemi megobrisTvin minda, imas unda vaCuqo.7. foTSi da baTumSi orSabaTidan wvima iqneba. 8. romeli xidan daamzadebT avejs?9. ZvelaT saqarTveloSi metaT kargaT xarobda ram denime jiSis xorbali. 10. xuTi saaTisgan aq var da velodebi.

gavaaqtiuroT codna

2. ipoveT da gaasworeT Secdomebi: a)

***erTi meloti kaci gul­natkeni ambobdaerT lamazi qals werili mivwere da uTxari ise Seginaxav rogorc Cems TavsTqo

magram warmoidineT uari SemomiTvala.sworeT magiT dagifrTxia aba ra sasiamovnoa mudam SiSvlaT da carielaT yofna­o

ioxunja akakma b)

me­XIX­e saukunis oTxmocian wleebSi quTaisis centraluri baRi anu maSindeli `bulvari~ qalaqis mowinave inteligencis Tav­Sesayari adgili iyo. xalxi ikribebodnen im adgilas saca axla akakis Zeglia aRmarTuli.

erTerT aseT SekrebaSi monawileobden giorgi da akaki wereTelebi. gaimarTa kamaTi imis Sesaxef ro saWiroa Tu ara marTl­weraSi ixmarebodes aso `h~.giorgi wereTeli ambofda rom am asos xmareba saWiro aRar aris­o.akaki samaTlianaT cdilobda daerwmunebia giorgi ro `h~ zogierT sityvaSi

aucileblaT saWiroa­o magram mopaeqres azri ver Seacvlevia da bolos giorgi misive orTografiiT gamtyuna:

_ kargi kargi xo gavige rom giorgis Wkua qoniao.Don't

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g)bevr nasesxebi sityvas qarTuli TavsarTbolosarTebi daurTavs, mTlianaT

gardaqmnila mara sagangebo dakvirvebis Semdeq mainc SeiZleba amovicnoT misi Zireuli mniSvneloba da warmomavloba. magaliTad gvaq zmna gabaTileba. igi iseve aris nawarmoebi rogorc ga­Tav­eb­a, ga­marjv­eb­a, ga­wiTl­eb­a da mravali sxva sityvebi. Cven viciT sidan miviReT es zmnebi da ras niSnavs Tavi, keTili, marjve, wiTeli, magram aseve naTeli rodia, ras niSnavs baTil. es ari arabuli sityva, romelic aRniSnavs cariels, aranamdvils. aqidan warmoebuli gabaTileba ki qarTulSi damkvidrda gauqmebis uaryofis mniSvnelobiT. gadataniT igi niSnavs agreTve gabiaburebas, e. i. arafrad Cagdebas, damcirebas. TviT gabiabureba miRebulia sparsuli sityvidan ab­ru (piris wyali, namusi, patiosneba), bi­abru ki sparsulaT upiriswylos anu usircxvilos unamusos ewodeba. sparsuli sityvebidan ari warmoqmnili agreTve layafi, laybobs (layab _ grZeli werili, grZeli sityva) amboxeba (anboh _ simravle, xalxis grova) da sxva.

oh, es sasveni niSnebi!..

3. gaixseneT punqtuqciis wesebi da dasviT teqstSi sasveni niSnebi:

martooba(r. inaniSvili)

Cemo daTuna da mzia bebo genacvaloT Tqven sada xarT Svilebo ratom ar CamodixarT ase ra damanatruleT Tqveni Tavi aq yvelaferi damwifda Txilic Semovida cviva da cviva ori zoliani parki gagivseT mzeze gavaxmob da zamTrisTvis SeginaxavT magram qarTul gulabs ra vuyo borbala msxals ra viyo an amodena WanWurebi sad waviRo an yviTeli atami bazar­bazar me ver vivli Svilo gavCiro lastebic aRara maqvs rac Zvelebi iyo isic sul daiSala Tan SarSandeli Ciric ar gagiTavebiaT damamzadebels Cavabarebdi magram zed damkrefi aravina myavs Zirnayar mwifes kidev ar ibareben mTel Cvens ubanSi sul bebrebiRa varT Sina fefela nika Zia airumi mkupravi ZuliaanT qali nataSa koWli aleqsandre imisi co li sacodavi fSavis qali amas winaT wnevam daartya da Zlivs movabruneT ni na Zalo darejani da me Cvenc erTmaneTis danaxva aRar gvinda SevxvdebiT da av zu­zundebiT futkrebiviT aravin Camogivida darejan Sena Senebisa xom araferi gaige elisabedo vikavebT Tavs magram rodemdis bebo genacvaloT Tqven vikavebT Tavs da mere gavaparebT mosaxvevis yurs Tvalebisaken

guSinRam didi wvima iyo amovarda erTi cofiani qaric iWeqa iquxa cota xor­xoSelac wamouria magram araferi gaufuWebia diliT baRSi rom gavedi gavSterdi iseTi rame vnaxe mTeli qarTuli gulabi sul Zirs iyo Camosuli eyara nawvimar mwvane balaxSi yviTlad sasiamovnod kalosaviT mrgvlad aviRe erTi sufTa uxa­lo mere meore mere mesame da meoTxe mere gavifiqre visTvis vagroveb­meTqi me xom erTi gulabi mTel dRes meyofa Wiradac da lxinadac mezoblebs mivawodo imaT Cemze meti aqvT davyare isev is gulabebi Cavjeqi balaxSi da amomijda guli risTvis Caikla Tavi am baRSi da mamulSi papaTqvenma risTvis moviZuleT mijnebze CxubiT mezoblebi

mosuliyo mura da amomdgomoda gverdze wkmutunebda Tavs mxarze madebda esRa myavs xmis gamcemad es sacodavi esec daberda Savi cxviri sul gauWaRaravda amas winaT TuSebis ZaRlebac CaTeTqves Do

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Rnavalas Tavisi saqme aqvs im Tavmkvdars oTxi knuti daugdia gabro papas saTiveSi sanam kargad ar wamozarda dabla ar Camouyvania roca Camoiyvana ukve dapewili damuslukebuli knutebi iyvnen sul wiTurebi TvalWrelebi viRa gadauyrida dadian axla farad Rnavala bazo xato da es oTxi knuti saxelebic ara aqvT CamodiT da Tqven daarqviT dilas Rnavalas erTi didi Tagvi daeWira midioda is da misdevdnen TamaS­TamaSiT sxvebi Sin arc ki Semodian bazosa da xatos meti

Tqvenma Jruna cicarma fexi moitexa meserze gaCexil ficarSi CaeWeda da Camo­ekida Sevuxvie davuartaxe da mourCa cota ki koWlobs Tafli amovaRebine erTi ska susti iyo meoridan Tormeti kilo amovida Tavkveric damwifda RamRamobiT Woti modis xolme kakalze zis da iZaxis mTel Rames Wyuut Wyuut Wyuut ga­mikrTeba Zili da vugdeb imis xmas yurs xandaxan meSinia vaiTu am martoobaSi mec Wotad viqce da viaro xidan xeze nangrevebidan nangrevebze bolos rodis­rodis iyivleben mamlebi aJRurtuldebian mercxlebi

CamodiT CamomxedeT Svilebo gamaxareT Cems gaxarebas ara vCivi Tqven gaixareT rogor davijero Cveni xevis sio ara sjobdes mag gadaxriokebuli wyneTis haers Caqres egeca da magis haeric mandauri xom araferi iWmeba ramdeni vinmes xelSi unda gaiaros sanam Tqvenamde movidodes mere wyneTelebi ai ratom RmerTi ar ga icinebs rom egenic qveynis maraqaSi gavidnen

CamodiT Svilebo mamasa da dedas Tu ara scaliaT Tqven CamodiT Citis rZes ar mogaklebT bebo genacvaloT Tqven sul axal­axal karaqs gaWmevT nina Zalos meore Zroxamac mougo kvercxebsac mideben qaTmebi wiwilebic daizardnen CamodiT Svilebo sxva ara iyos ra ymawvilis fexi sWirdeba Cvens ezosac Torem sacaa balba da WinWari gadauvlis mTlianad

leqsika _ sityvebi... sityvebi...

4. daukavSireT erTmaneTs sityva da misi ganmarteba:

zardaxSa •

zvavi •

zRurbli •

zadi •

Talxi •

Tavdebi •

TerZi •

TrTvili •

irao •

kaeSani •

•visime sityvaze, pirobaze pasuxismgebeli.•mcenareebze Seyinuli Ramis nami.•sevda, naRveli dardi.•karis CarCos qveda xe, romelsac unda gadaabijon saxlSi Sesasvlelad.

•nakli, wuni. •patara yuTi, saxuraviani, Zvirfasi nivTebis Se­sanaxi.

•mamakacis tansacmlis mkeravi.•mTis ferdobze mowyvetili da daqanebuli Tovlis didi masa.

•wre, romelsac haerSi avlebs frinveli, mdovred frena.

•muqi, Savi feri.Don't

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SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT:

5. iciT Tu ara am zmnebis mniSvneloba? daukavSireT erTmaneTs zmnis forma da ganmarteba.

•Seagonebs

•Seajerebs

•Seivrdomebs

•Seinanebs

•Seisisxlxorcebs

•Seiwyalebs

•Seiwynarebs

•Seexizneba

•Seuracxyofs

•Secbeba

•Seismens, yurad iRebs; daakmayofilebs mis Txovnas.•Seibralebs, Seicodebs; apatiebs, Seumsubuqebs sas­jels.

•Tavisi araswori saqcielis gamo Sewuxdeba, inanebs. •moulodnelobisagan SekrTeba, gaocdeba, saxtad darCeba.

•auxsnis, ganumartavs, gaagebinebs, daarwmunebs.•1. Seadarebs; 2. daajerebs, daarwmunebs.•Seikedlebs, Seifarebs.•mtkiced, kargad SeiTvisebs; gaiTavisebs.•saidanme gamoqceuli, gadaxvewili Tavs Seafarebs sadme. •uxeSad, upativcemulod moeqceva, daamcirebs.

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli zmnebis gamoyenebiT:

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6. iciT Tu ara sxva enebidan Semosuli am sityvebis mniSvneloba?

•obeliski •obieqturi•ovacia •optimizmi•pesimizmi •ornamenti •paTosi

(paTosiT) •paradoqsi •partniori•pedanti

•yvelaferSi cudi, bneli mxaris danaxva; sevdianoba, gulgatexiloba, uimedoba.

•qvaze, xeze Tu naqargobaze gamoyvanili figurebi. •adamiani, romelic did mniSvnelobas aniWebs saqmis garegnul

mxares, sizustiT icavs miRebul wesebs, wvrilmanebs ukirkitebs da amasve moiTxovs sxvebisgan.

•mowonebis, aRtacebis gamoxatva SeZaxilebiT, mquxare, xangrZlivi taSiT.

•aRfrTovaneba, aRtaceba, Zlieri grZnoba. •azri, debuleba, romelic didad gansxvavdeba sayovelTaod

aRiarebulisagan.•raime mniSvnelovani movlenis aRsaniSnavad aRmarTuli sveti.•realuri, adamianisagan damoukideblad arsebuli; miudgomeli,

miukerZoebeli.•yvelaferSi kargi, naTeli mxaris danaxva; mxne ganwyobileba,

momavlis rwmena, imedianoba.•Tanamonawile raime saqmeSi, TamaSSi, Tanamosaqme, mewyvile.

SeadgineT winadadebebi zemoT mocemuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT:

7. iciT Tu ara am barbarizmebis qarTuli Sesatyvisebi?

Snuroki •piva •

duxi •banka •

misqoli •duSi •

duSkabina •staianka •

kuxna •aCkebi •

•avtosadgomi•saTvale•Tasma•saSxape•samzareulo•ludi•qila•sunamo•Sxapi•gamotovebuli zariDo

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SeadgineT winadadebebi swori formebis gamoyenebiT:

8. konteqstis gaTvaliswinebiT Tqven Tavad ganmarteT mocemuli sityvebi:

1. amao _ `dRes eri girCevs erTxmad winamZRvradda uaris Tqma aris amao!~ (akaki)

2. RaRadi _ `Cemi sityvebi rom igulisxmo,xalxis RaRadsac daugde yuri!...~ (akaki)

3. gznobiT _ ~da ugalobda ciur naninassaidumlo da ucnaur gznobiT.~ (akaki)

4. berkvici _ `moayvanina berkvici,Sejda,mieSureba sadac omia.~ (akaki)

5. deda­wuli _ `calke serze uTvalavigadmomdgara deda­wuli...~ (akaki)

6. litanioba _ `uvliden taZrebs kelaptrebiTa,gaxSirda saRmrTo litanioba.~ (akaki)

7. Slagbaumi _ `Slagbaumis miRma, udabur gadasasvlelTan, erTmaneTis gverdiT Camwkrivebuli sami loyaRaJRaJa biWuna davinaxe.~

8. nemskavi _`TiToeuls unda wamoeRo ankesebi, nemskavebi da cota ram saWmelic.~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa)Do

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9. qaSayi _ qorWila _ `biWebi dabrundnen da moitanes qaSayi, ori qorWila, erTi patara loqo.~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa)

10. meseri _ `tomi frTxilad gadafofxda meserze.~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa)

SeadareT Tqveni ganmartebebi saleqsikono ganmartebebs.

frazeologia

9. daukavSireT frazeologiuri gamoTqma mis ganmartebas:

•pirs katanacemi darCa

•ra didi ambavi unda

•ra mosatania

•ra mcodnia?

•ra xeli aqvs?

•rodinobis kviraSi

•ruli ar mihkarebia

•sad iyo da sad ara

•sircxvils Wams

•sisxli gauSro

•dacinviT: arasodes.•saidanRac, uecrad, moulodnelad.•gaawama, gatanja, gaawvala.•saxtad darCeba moulodnelobisagan, gao ce bi sagan, gaSreba.

•Tavs Seircxvens, Sercxveba.•ra saTqmelia, ra saxsenebelia, ra Sesadarebelia.

•ra didi vinmea, ras warmoedgens? ra saxsenebelia?

•ra esqmeba?•Tvali ar mouxuWavs, ar dauZinia.•ra unda, ra didi saqmea, Zneli ar aris.

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli frazeologizmebis gamoyenebiT:

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10. amoiwereT frazeologizmebi da Tqven Tavad ganmarteT:1. `qudze kaci mters ebrZoda da eklesiebisTvis ar ecalaT.~ (n. wuleiskiri)2. wels kargi mosavali geqneba... RvTis Tvali trialebs Sens venaxSi.3. stumars male moekida Rvino da mohyva simReras. 4. Robe­yores rom edebi, pirdapir miTxari saTqmeli, ras mied­moedebi, amdeni

dro arc me maqvs da arc Sen!5. ramdens velaparakebi da es yursac ar apartyunebs.6. `mivepare kars, yurTamde gavaRe uceb~. (W. amirejibi)7. `glaxam Sors daiWira: me SenTvis araferi miTxovia, RmerTs vTxove da iman

momca fulio.~ (saba)8. saSineli xmauri gaisma da yvela SiSis qarma aitana.9. `albaT Sublze eg mewerao, ifiqra luarsabma da daemorCila bedisweras.~ (ilia)10. es Zvirfaseuloba Calis fasad iyida da axla apirebda karga Zviradac

gaeyida.

11. daawyvileT da amoiwereT msgavsi mniSvnelobis frazeologizmebi:

Tavze Cits ar gadaifrens •Tavis aSveba •

Tavis Semagreba •Tavis waReba •

Tav­piris mtvreviT •Tvalebze xelis afareba •Tvalebidan cecxlis yra •

TiTis mokakva •kakas xidi gaiara •

laris gatana •

•Cailuris wyali dalia•qedis moxra •Tav­piris glejiT•Tavze buzs ar isvams •Tavis Sekaveba •gulis gawyaleba •Tvalis daxuWva•Tavs gasvla •lelos gatana •cofebis yra

qvemoT moyvanilia ganmartebebi. SeusabameT isini zemoT mocemul fra ze­ologizmebs da amoiwereT erTad _ ori frazeologizmi da ganmarteba.Do

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•ukvalod daikarga, daiRupa.•ganrisxeba, gaaveba, gaafTreba.•gaTavxedeba, gaTamameba.•Tavis damarcxebulad cnoba.•gamarjveba, miznis miRweva.•sinamdvilis gangeb ardanaxva.•Zalian swrafad, gamalebiT, Cqara.•Tavis mobezreba.•amayobs, ampartavnobs, didgulobs.•moTmena.

amoirCieT frazeologiuri wyvilidan erTi da SeadgineT winadadebebi maTi gamoyenebiT:

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stilisturi problemebi

I. zogjer sityvebs erTad arasworad iyeneben. daukvirdiT am formebs da da imaxsovreT:

Secdomaa sworia

didad surs Zalian surs

didad Seafases kargad Seafases

codnis donis gaRrmaveba codnis donis amaRleba

codnis amaRleba codnis gaRrmaveba

droTa manZilze garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi

TavdebSi daudga Tavdebad daudga

Tavidan acilebis mizniT Tavidan asacileblad

TavSi azri mouvida azri mouvida, azri gauCnda

interess aZlierebs interess zrdis

iZaxis ambobs

SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli swori formebis gamoyenebiT:

II. daukvirdiT am formebs da daimaxsovreT:

Secdomaa sworia

moxsenebas gaakeTebs moxsenebiT gamova

ori wlis ukan ori wlis win

samSoblos patrioti patrioti

saSinlad unda Zalian unda

pirveli debiuti debiuti/pirveli gamosvla

adgilobrivi aborigeni adgilobrivi mosaxleoba / aborigeni

yvela maTgani TiToeuli maTgani

yvelaze saukeTeso saukeTeso / yvelaze kargi

wina wlebisgan SedarebiT wina wlebTan SedarebiT

xangrZlivi drois manZilze didi xnis ganmavlobaSiDon't

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SeadgineT winadadebebi mocemuli swori formebis gamoyenebiT:

III. zogierTi sityvis erTad gamoyeneba myar Sesityvebad iTvleba da maTi erTmaneTSi aRreva stilitur Secdomas iwvevs. daimaxsovreT es formebi da maTi gamoyenebiT SeadgineT winadadebebi.

1.

daRi daasva

kvali daamCnia

2.

koreqturuli Secdoma

koreqtuli adamiani 3.

didi wvlili

lomis wili

4.

saTave daudo

safuZveli Cauyara

5.

saxeli moixveWa

siyvaruli daimsaxura

IV. sufTa Tu wminda?

es ori sityva lamis zust sinonimebad iqca Tanamedrove qarTulSi. maT Soris gansxvaveba aRar igrZnoba, amitomac damkvidrda mcdari formebi: ̀ sufTa xma~, ̀ sufTa gamarjveba~, `sufTa grZnoba~... am or sityvas sxvadasxva sityvaTSexameba aqvs. Do

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sufTa _ rac ar aris binZuri, WuWyiani, rasac mtveri, talaxi, WuWyi, qoni, Jangi da msgavsi ram ara aqvs da, Tu aqvs, baniT, recxviT, wmendiT moscildeba, higienuri saSualebiT moSordeba.wminda _ `ucodveli~, faqizi, Seuryeveli, Seuryvneli, kamkama, darCeuli.

amitom swori Sesityvebebia:

• wminda gamarjveba, wminda grZnoba, wminda guli, wminda ena, wminda qarTuli, wminda mogeba, wminda movaleoba, wminda savane, wminda sanTeli, wminda saqme, wminda siyvaruli, wminda suli, wminda taZari, wminda fici, wminda wyaro, wminda xma...

• sufTa ezo, sufTa zewari, sufTa wera, sufTa logini, sufTa oTaxi, sufTa fexsacmeli, sufTa xelebi, sufTa qaRaldi, sufTa WurWeli...

SeadgineT winadadebebi am Sesityvebebis gamoyenebiT.

vwerT oficialuri eniT

warmoidgineT, rom Tqven SegiZliaT skolaSi moiwvioT cnobili adamiani _ sayvareli musikosi, mocekvave, msaxiobi, mwerali, sportsmeni... amisaTvis ki sagangebo Sexvedra unda moawyoT, raSic skolis administracia dagexmarebaT. CamoayalibeT werilobiT Tqveni Txovna:

• ratom gindaT moiwvioT es adamiani?• ra gWirdebaT am SexvedrisaTvis?• rogor apirebT Sexvedris organizebas?

vwerT Tavisuflad Tavisufal Temaze

dawereT:

axla unda vifiqro momavalze _ rogori minda iyos is?Don't

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SevamowmoT Cveni codna

testi # 1

1. romelia swori forma:

a) mgelis; b) gvelis; g) Svelis.

2. romelia mcdari forma:

a) mezoblis; b) megobris; g) ambavis.

3. romelia mcdari forma:

a) dReebi; b) Tveebi; g) wleebi.

4. romelia swori forma:

a) quTaiss; b) zestafonss; g) zugdidss.

5. CasviT winadadebaSi sityva swori formiT:

­­­­­­­­­­­ SemTxvevam didi areuloba gamoiwvia qalaqSi:

a) Cveulebrivi;

b) Cveulebriv;

g) Cveulebrivma.

6. romel winadadebaSia sworad dasmuli sasveni niSnebi:

a) _ male modi _ uTxra dedam Svils.

b) _ male modi, _ uTxra dedam Svils.

g) male modi, uTxra dedam Svils.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba zmnisa gaaqaTqaTebs:

a) gaamuqebs; b) gaaSavebs; g) gaaTeTrebs.

8. romelia swori Sesityveba:

a) RaJRaJa wiTeli; b) RaJRaJa mwvane; g) RaJRaJa yviTeli.

9. romelia swori ganmarteba frazeologizmisa `gulSi Caido~:

a) daimaxsovra; b) gadaiviwya; g) gadaifiqra.

10. romel winadadebaSia Secdoma:

a) gema ryeva daiwyo.

b) rema tyisken gaiqca.

g) gega Cemi Zma aris. Don't

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testi # 2

1. romelia swori forma:

a) ratim; b) nodarim; g) oTarim.

2. romelia swori daweriloba:

a) me­25; b) 30­e; g) me­XX.

3. romelia mcdari forma:

a) dedaCema; b) foTolma; g) franma.

4. romelia mcdari forma:

a) Tavis mezobels; b) Tavis mezoblad; g) Tavis mezobelma.

5. CasviT winadadebaSi sityva swori formiT:

me ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ skolaSi vswavlobdi.

a) meormocdaTxuTmete;

b) ormocdaTxuTmete;

g) ormocdameTxuTmete.

6. romel winadadebaSia sworad dasmuli sasveni niSnebi:

a) es ambavi, samwuxarod mTelma qalaqma gaigo.

b) es ambavi samwuxarod, mTelma qalaqma gaigo.

g) es ambavi, samwuxarod, mTelma qalaqma gaigo.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba zmnisa ar Seepueba:

a) ar daindobs; b) ar dauTmobs; g) ar ganumartavs.

8. romelia swori Sesityveba:

a) sufTa guli; b) sufTa saqme; g) sufTa perangi.

9. romelia swori ganmarteba frazeologizmisa `cis qveSeTi~:

a) qveyana; b) okeane; g) mTianeTi.

10. romel winadadebaSia Secdoma:

a) zafxulobiT am regionSi didi sicxea.

b) zafxulSi am miwebis morwyva warmoebs arxis wyliT.

g) zafxulSi am miwebze xorblis did mosavals iReben.Don't

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testi # 3

1. romelia mimarTvis swori forma:

a) levani, aq dajeqi! b) levano, aq dajeqi! g) levan, aq dajeqi!

2. romelia swori forma:

a) TefSSi; b) TbiliSi; g) ivniSi.

3. romelia mcdari forma:

a) umcrosi; b) umfrosi; g) umrwemesi.

4. romelia swori daweriloba:

a) SvidasormocdaTxuTmeti;

b) Svidas ormocda TxuTmeti;

g) Svidas ormocdaTxuTmeti.

5. CasviT winadadebaSi sityva swori formiT:

uamravi xalxi Tvalis daxamxamebaSi ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­.

a) mogrovdnen; b) mogrovda; g) mogrovden.

6. romelia kompozitis swori daweriloba:

a) wverulvaSgaTeTrebuli;

b) wver­ulvaS­gaTeTrebuli;

g) wverulvaS­gaTeTrebuli;

d) wver ulvaS gaTeTrebuli.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba sityvisa maslaaTi:

a) salaTi; b) saubari; g) masala.

8. romelia swori frazeologizmi:

a) Citis rZes ar moaklebs;

b) kameCis rZes ar moaklebs;

g) Txis rZes ar moaklebs.

9. romelia swori ganmarteba sityvisa `polemika~:

a) politika; b) kamaTi; g) karnaxi.

10. romelia araswori Sesityveba:

a) telefoni rekavs;

b) telefoniT miTxra;

g) telefonSi saubrobs.Don't

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testi # 4

1. romelia zmnis swori forma:

a) swuxs; b) stiris; g) sZinavs.

2. romelia swori daweriloba:

a) Tve­naxevari; b) Tvenaxevari; g) Tve naxevari.

3. romelia swori forma:

a) dedaSviluri; b) deda­Sviluri; g) deda Sviluri.

4. romelia araswori Sesityveba:

a) bodiSi minda giTxraT;

b) bodiSi minda gadagixadoT;

g) bodiSi minda mogixadoT;

5. CasviT winadadebaSi nawilaki swori formiT:

yovelTvis geubnebodi, TavdaWerilad ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

a) moiqeci­Tqo;

b) moiqecio;

g) moiqeci­meTqi.

6. romelia ricxviTi saxelis swori daweriloba:

a) me­17­e;

b) me­17;

g) 17­e.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba frazeologizmisa `welebze fexs idgams~:

a) bevrs Sromobs; b) kargad darbis; g) kargad akeTebs saqmes.

8. romelia swori:

a) mimdinareobs aSeneba;

b) Sendeba;

g) warmoebs Seneba;

9. romelia swori ganmarteba sityvisa `umecari~:

a) ucodinari; b) uxerxuli; g) udReuri.

10. romelia araswori Sesityveba:

a) wignis avtori;

b) golis avtori;

g) musikis avtori.Don't

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testi # 5

1. romelia saxelis swori forma:

a) ambvis; b) fanjris; g) manqnis.

2. romelia zmnis swori forma:

a) svavs; b) dgavs; g) wvavs.

3. romelia zmnis mcdari forma:

a) rekavs; b) izavs; g) xedavs.

4. romelia swori winadadeba:

a) aTamde kaci raRacaze kamaTobda;

b) aTamde kacebi raRacaze kamaTobdnen;

g) aTamde kaci raRacaze kamaTobdnen.

5. CasviT winadadebaSi nacvalsaxeli swori formiT:

gogona siciliT gamoiqca ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­.

a) Cemken; b) Cemsken; g) Cemisken.

6. romel winadadebaSi weria ricxviTi saxeli sworad:

a) erekle me­2­em araerTi brZola moigo;

b) erekle me­2­m araerTi brZola moigo;

g) erekle 2­em araerTi brZola moigo.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba frazeologizmisa `ca fexad Camodis~:

a) Zalian wvims; b) Zalian xmauria; g) Zalian cxela.

8. romelia araswori Sesityveba:

a) sami saaTidan gelodebi;

b) soflidan Camovida;

g) xidan amzadeben avejs.

9. romelia swori ganmarteba sityvisa `jabani~:

a) laCari; b) janmrTeli; g) mamaci.

10. romel winadadebaSia sworad sasveni niSnebi:

a) gogona romelmac es momitana, Cemi mezobelia;

b) gogona, romelmac es momitana, Cemi mezobelia;

g) gogona, romelmac es momitana Cemi mezobelia.Don't

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testi # 6

1. romelia zmnis swori forma:

a) icvavs; b) icvams; g) icmevs.

2. romelia sakuTari saxelis swori forma:

a) eTerma; b) eTerim.

3. romeli dawerilobaa swori:

a) 20­e; b) me­20­e; g) XX; d) XX­e.

4. romeli kompoziti weria sworad:

a) faci­fuci;

b) wverulvaSi;

g) col­Svili.

5. romelia nacvalsaxelis swori forma:

a) erTi da igive biWma;

b) er Tma da imave biWma;

g) erTma da igive biWma.

6. romel winadadebaSia zmnis forma swori:

a) am vazma kargad moiba;

b) am vazma kargad moisxa.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba frazeologizmisa `muxli moiyara~:

a) davarda; b) fexze adga; g) daiCoqa.

8. romelia zmnis swori forma:

a) ganacalkevebs; b) gaancalkevebs; g) ancalkevebs.

9. romelia swori ganmarteba sityvisa `qarqaSi~:

a) xmali; b) xanjali; g) xmlis bude.

10. romel winadadebaSia sworad warmodgenili zmna:

a) xalxi skamebze Camosxdnen;

b) xalxi skamebze Camosxda;

g) xalxi skamebze Camojda;

d) xalxi skamebze Camojdnen. Don't

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testi # 7

1. romelia zmnis swori forma:

a) sCans; b) hCans; g) Cans.

2. romelia sakuTari saxelis swori forma:

a) mariama; b) mariamma; g) mariamim.

3. romeli dawerilobaa swori:

a) Cqar­Cqara; b) CqarCqara; g) Cqar Cqara.

4. romelia swori:

a) ded­mama movidnen;

b) ded­mama movida;

g) ded­mama moviden.

5. romelia nacvalsaxelis swori forma:

a) igive saqmes;

b) igives saqmes;

g) imave saqmes.

6. romelia swori:

a) gTxovT, gamanTavisufloT;

b) gTxovT, gamaTavisufloT;

g) gTxovT, ganmanTavisufloT.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba frazeologizmisa `yuri daugdo~:

a) yuri auwia;

b) yuradReba moaklo;

g) mousmina.

8. romelia zmnis swori forma:

a) gadawyvets; b) gadawyvitavs; g) gadawyvetavs.

9. romelia barbarizmi:

a) pacienti; b) pakriSka; g) incidenti.

10. romelia swori Sesityveba:

a) ori dRis ukan;

b) ori dRis win.Don't

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testi # 8

1. romelia saxelis swori forma:

a) vaxtangim; b) vaxtangma.

2. romel saxels dasWirdeba moTxrobiTSi ori m:

a) gurami; b) miriani; g) rusudani.

3. romeli dawerilobaa swori:

a) zemoT; b) zemod.

4. romelia swori forma:

a) ori biWi movidnen;

b) ori biWi movida.

5. romelia mcdari:

a) kaciviT;

b) kacisaviT;

g) kacsaviT.

6. romelia swori:

a) nodarisTan mivdivar;

b) nodarTan mivdivar.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba frazeologizmisa `Robe­yores edeba~:

a) Zalian mTvralia;

b) bevri siaruli uyvars;

g) yvelaferze laparakobs.

8. romelia zmnis swori forma:

a) uTqvia; b) uTqvams; g) uTqmia.

9. romelia barbarizmi:

a) greCixa; b) qurTuki; g) pledi.

10. romelia swori Sesityveba:

a) autanlad minda;

b) saSinlad minda;

g) Zalian minda.Don't

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testi # 9

1. romelia swori forma:

a) bolniSi; b) bolnisSi; g) bolniSSi.

2. romel saxels dasWirdeba micemiTSi ori s:

a) saaTi; b) ivlisi; g) zari.

3. romelia mcdari forma:

a) megobaris; b) megobris.

4. romelia swori:

a) qalaqSi da sofelSi;

b) qalaqsa da sofelSi.

5. romelia mcdari:

a) gaanTavisufla;

b) gaaTavisufla;

g) ganaTavisufla.

6. romelia swori forma:

a) Tavadaznauroba;

b) Tavad­aznauroba;

g) Tavad aznauroba.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba sityvisa `wvrilSvili~:

a) adamiani, romelsac zrdasruli Svilebi hyavs;

b) adamiani, romelsac patara Svilebi hyavs;

g) adamiani, romelsac Svili jer ar hyavs.

8. romelia zmnis swori forma:

a) moswons; b) mowons.

9. romeli araa barbarizmi:

a) JuvaCka; b) maroJni; g) kanfeti.

10. romeli araa swori Sesityveba:

a) gancxadeba gaakeTa;

b) magida gaakeTa;

g) saqme gaakeTa.Don't

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testi # 10

1. romelia swori daweriloba:

a) qinZis­Tavi; b) qinZisTavi; g) qinZis Tavi.

2. romelia swori forma:

a) maswavlebelad; b) maswavleblaT;

g) maswavleblad; d) maswavleblaT.

3. romeli dawerilobaa mcdari:

a) av­dari; b) avdari.

4. romeli winadadeba weria sworad:

a) daZma kargad mReroda;

b) da­Zma kargad mRerodnen;

g) da­Zma kargad mReroda.

5. romelia swori forma:

a) me varjiSob;

b) me vvarjiSob.

6. romelia swori forma:

a) dagixatavs;

b) dagixatia.

7. romelia swori ganmarteba sityvisa `Talxi~:

a) Wreli ferebi;

b) muqi feri;

g) Ria feri;

d) feradi.

8. romelia swori ganmarteba sityvisa `dilegi~:

a) darbazi; b) sapyrobile; g) sasaxle.

9. romelia barbarizmi:

a) tormuzi; b) Zrava; g) aRlumi.

10. romelia swori:

a) madloba gadauxada;

b) madloba mouxada.Don't

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leqsikoni

debuli saaxalwlo tkbile uli. `aq alvaxazsa zeldnen~ (ilia).

amao _ fuWi, unayofo, uSedego. `dRes eri girCevs erTxmad winamZRvrad da uaris Tqma aris amao!~ (akaki).

amovukuprav _ aq: amovukerav, davuketav. `me im pirdaRebuls, baRlinjosxelas davxatav! mRilis odenas! pirs ki sul amovukuprav.~

anazdeulad _ uceb, moulodnelad. `miT yuradReba krebulis miipyro anaz­deulad~ (akaki).

andamati _ igivea, rac magniti. `wiaRgaxsni­li udabno uCens, vinc miva, binasa da morwmuneTa izidavs, viT andamati rki­nisa~ (akaki).

anoraki _ erTgvari zeda tansacmeli (tya­vis an naqsovi), kapi uSoniani. icvamen polarul mxareSi mcxovrebni, agreTve al pinistebi. `anoraki iqve Camokida, kedelze~ (Targ. g. Wum buriZisa).

aryi _ foTlovani xe, aqvs TeTri qerqi. `damWknarni diyi, Supya, aryi, cacxvi da urZaxi, _ yvelani erTad SfoTaven~ (vaJa).

arSia _ qsovilis kideebze movlebuli zo­li, feriT an masaliT gansxvavebuli. `yinvas moerTo aTasnairi yvavilebiT, arSi ebiT, ruSebiT, jinjilebiT~ (g. le oniZe).

arxvati _ igivea, rac arxoti, sofeli xevsureTSi. `mSvidobiT, qalav, de ar­xvats darCes Cemi lurjais dakruli tori!~ (l. asaTiani).

asTakvi _ zRvis didi aTfexiani kibo, ro­melsac marwuxebi ara aqvs, _ lan gusti. `delias SeiZleba yeli astkenoda, sakuTar sasadilo oTaxSi asTakvebiT damtkbariyo da gamosvlaze uari eTqva~ (Targm. m. naTaZisa).

aqsesuari _ aq: samSvenisi; damatebiTi ram, rac axlavs mTavars. `Zveleburi aqsesuari axleburiT Secvlila~ (l. bregaZe).

aaamTagore _ mTa­gorad aqcie. `zRvao,

aRel di, aReldi, qartexils daemor­Cile! aamTagore talRebi, kideebs gadaacile!~ (akaki).

abanouris xe _ aq: saukeTeso xe. `Siga­Sig ficars Cauyri, abanouris xisasa~ (`eTeriani~).

abJandi _ igivea, rac avJandi, uzangi. `zevidan RmerTi cecxlsa hyris, qveS abesalom udgeba, eTero, Sensa Ralatsa RvTis meti ra Seudgeba, omSi xmalamoRebulsa abJandimc Ca­momiwydeba, wyali uwylosa alagsa, zRva iyos _ amomiSreba~ (`eTeriani~).

agitatori _ piri, romelic agitacias ewe­va, cdilobs gavlena moaxdinos xalxze da darazmos isini garkveuli ideis gan saxorcieleblad. `sofelSi Cavida agitatori~.

aeronavti _ piri, romelic haerze uf ro msubuqi aparatiT dafrinavs. `aero­navtebs, romlebic atmosferos zeda fenebSi adian, bolos haeri aRar hyof­niT~ (Targm. g. buaCiZisa).

avyia _ avismTqmeli, enamyrali. `gaxa­rebuli Cveni Tebrone wyarosken mi­abijebda da viRac avyiam moixeda da qurdulad daadevna: kargo, mogival wyalzeda, gakoceb orTav Tvalzeda~ (g. doCanaSvili).

aTinaTi _ sinaTlis naTeba, cimcimi. `uf­ro Zlieri iyo sanukvari wadili yo­ve live ise aReqva, rogorc natif meT­valyures, Semdeg ki uzado leqsad gadmoeca Ramis silurje da wylis zedapirze sinaTlis aTinaTi~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa).

aToni _ mTa saberZneTSi, qalkedonis naxe­varkunZulze. `aTonis maRal mTa zeda, mTawmindad saxeldebulsa~ (akaki).

aTqvirebuli _ savse, ayvavebuli. `misTvis yvelaze sasiamovno iyo aTqvirebuli yanis `daxedva~ (g. leoniZe).

alvaxazi _ naduRi Taflisagan damza­Don't

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aRzevebuli _ aq: amaRlebuli, grZno­ba moreuli. `giorgi papa, sixarul­atanili, aRzevebuli, im Zvirfas si­tyvebs leqsis mtkice jaWviT ga da­abamda~ (g. doCanaSvili).

aciagdeboda _ ciags daiwyebda, akiaf­deboda. ̀ giorgi papa daRamebas eWveb­aSlili ucdida da varskvlavebis sust gamoCenisTana ve Soreul sarkmelSic mkrTalad aciagdeboda is sanetaro Suqi, manamde SeuniSnavi, mTavari, marTla netari~ (g. doCanaSvili).

axaluxi _ mamakacis Coxis qveS Casacmeli samosi. `zogi xelze CamovebobReT, zogi axaluxis kalTaze~ (ilia).

bbadia _ didi jami. `gars jamebi, badiebi

da tabakanebi edga nuSiT, nigoziT da TafliTa~ (ilia).

bambuki _ merqniani mcenare, aqvs ma­gari Rero, damuxluli da Rru, gav­rcelebulia tropikul da sub­tro pikul qveynebSi. `iq dainaxa ganmartoebiT mdgari bambukis qoxi. qo xis win ki dawnul Wilofze is moxuci ijda, romelic maSin wylis piras naxa xesTan, da barbiTze uk­ravda~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa).

banaluri _ siaxles, originalurobas mok lebuli. `gvirabSi mog riale ma­tarebeli, sofleli gombioca da ba naluri statiebiT gaWedili gaze­Tic, meti ra iyo, Tu ara Cveni gaur­kveveli cxovrebis Taviseburi sim­bolo~ (Targ. j. mWed liSvilisa).

barbiTi _ erTgvari simebiani sakravi. `iq dainaxa ganmartoebiT mdgari bambukis qoxi. qoxis win ki dawnul Wilofze is moxuci ijda, romelic maSin wylis piras naxa xesTan, da barbiTze ukravda~ (Targ. T. dva­liSvilisa).

basila _ saaxalwlod gamomcxvari puris kacuna. `maxsovs, saaxalwlo ToneSi CemTvis da Cemi ZmisTvis nazuqTan erTad cxveboda: basila, puris gu­Tani, barebi, waldebi, culebi, Wi­goebi~ (g. leoniZe).

bajajRana _ patara bavSvi. ̀ erTi Tavidan momaSore, RvTis gu lisaTvis, es bajajRanebi~ (ilia).

bedauri _ aq: kargi, ZarRviani, sanaqebo. `o, rogor miyvars muxladi, bedauri, maZRari sityva!~ (g. leoniZe).

berkvici _ beberi cxeni. ̀ moayvanina ber­kvici, Sejda, mieSureba sadac omia~ (akaki).

berxeni _ gamorCeuli jixvi. ̀ moymem Tqva pirSiSvelama, Sibn gaviare kldisani, movinadire, davlaxen bilikni Wiuxi­sani. Samamxvdes kldisa Tavzeda xoroni jixvebisani, jixvsa Tof dav­kar berxensa, Walas jaxn iqnen rqisani~ (leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa).

beCavi _ sawyali, sacodavi. ̀ qveynisa mis­gan Sveneba erTi beCavi wamia~ (vaJa).

borani _ mdinaris erTi napiridan me­oreze moZravi xis baqani, ro melic gamobmulia napirebs Soris gaWimul bagirze. `mo curavda patara gemi, romelsac bornad iyenebdnen xolme~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

brali _ danaSauli. `imasac brali eq­nebis uwyalod xmliT daW rilisa~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa~).

brusa _ dasaxlebuli punqti mcire aziaSi, dRevandeli TurqeTis teri­to riaze. `TiTqmis brusamde moadga, xmeleTiT gzebis Semkvreli da kon­stan tines qalaqis aris aRebis msur­veli~ (akaki).

buera _ balaxis saxeoba, aqvs didi foT­lebi, xarobs wylian ad gilebSi. `ra bednieradac vgrZnob xolme Cems Tavs, roca me Cavuvli gasaxmobad damzadebuls bueras da igi Tavs damikravs~ (vaJa).

bungali _ mtveri, bdRviri. ̀ qeris burdo eyara da qaTmebisagan gars mtveri da bungali ireoda~ (g. leoniZe).

bundi _ gaurkveveli. `me garkveviT araferi mesmis, mxolod raRac bu­buni, griali, bundi Jriamuli mo dis Cemamdis~ (vaJa).

burdo _ qeris, xorblis ganalewi, uvar­gisi narCeni. `qeris burdo eyara da qaTmebisagan gars mtveri da bungali ireoda~ (g. leoniZe).

buwknari _ ekalbardi, Znelad gasavleli Don't

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ekliani adgili. `WaxWaxiT gadadian buwknaridan buwknarSi sazamTrod dasuqebuli, ferdapewili yviTel­niskarta SaSvebi~ (r. inaniSvili).

ggabrZnili _ didad ganaTlebuli, brZe­

ni. `gabrZnili saRmrTo mad li Ta, saerTod gabrwyinvebuli, mwig no­barTuxucesoba mas hqonda miniWe­buli~ (akaki).

gadageba _ memkvidris gareSe wasvla am qveynidan, gadaSeneba. `uSvilod ga­dagebas apirebdnen, rom cols ar daeJina~ (`eTeriani~).

gadiyreina _ igivea, rac gadaiyara. `ro­desac xe waiqca, gadiyreina zevidam foTlebi da wiTlad gamobWyvinda~ (vaJa).

gazi _ mtacebeli cxovelis klanWi, brWya­li. `gaziT gaarTvna kalTani jaWvisa javSanisani~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moy­misa~).

galeleCda _ gacivda, galigvda. `SeWame eg kerZi, gaiyina da galeleCda~ (r. inaniSvili).

gamobWyvinda _ gamobrwyinda. ̀ rodesac xe waiqca, gadiyreina zevidam foTlebi da wiTlad gamobWyvinda~ (vaJa).

gandegiloba _ ganmartoebiT cxovreba. `jos gandegiloba undoda _ mRvimeSi cxovreba cariel gamxmar purze~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

ganiaveba _ xorbleulis gasufTaveba niavis gatarebiT, ayriT, abneviT. `es Wirnaxulic Tvaladis mindvrebSi, or­Robeebsa Tu wisqvilebSia mo we uli. wveT­wveTad, wlobiT namkali, nag­rovebi da narudunebi. oc we liwadze meti gasula mas Semdeg, rac pirveli xeleuri gamomiRia da Wirnaxulis xvavic didia. xvavs gani aveba, gacxril­va, darkveva da sa wisqviled gamza de ba unda~ (g. SatberaSvili).

ganCineba _ aq: gasamarTleba, ganaCenis gamotana. `jer elis misgan braldebas da mere ganCinebasa~ (akaki).

gasagisi _ gvareuloba, jiSi, jilagi, modgma (xSirad gamoiyeneba wyevlaSi). `qali: ise isadilos gangias gasagisma~ (r. ina niSvili).

gasalda _ sal kldesaviT iqca, aq: su­lierad gaZlierda. `gadiwera ra pirjvari, gafoladda da gasalda~ (akaki).

gausxletelad _ Seuwyvetlad. `da lxins eZleva guldamSvidebiT gaus xle­telad is mTeli Rame~ (akaki).

gafxokili _ gamomSrali, gamxmari. `xe­ebi sul Camowmendilan, mxolod axal­gazrda muxebze SerCenila gafxokili, daafrakebuli foTlebi da, niavi rom wamouberavs, Txilis naWuWebiviT Cxrialeben~ (r. inaniSvili).

gaRmidam _ meore mxridan (mdinaris, xe­vis… iqiT). `manam cocxali var, Cemis silamaziT davatkbob tyes, balaxs da im gaRmidam gamomcqerals gulxavsians kldesa~ (vaJa).

gacxrilva _ gasufTaveba, gawmenda (cxri­liT). `es Wirnaxulic Tva la dis min­dvrebSi, orRobeebsa Tu wis qvi lebSia moweuli. wveT­wveTad, wlobiT namkali, nagrovebi da narudunebi. oc weliwadze meti gasula mas Semdeg, rac pirveli xeleuri gamomiRia da Wirnaxulis xvavic didia. xvavs ganiaveba, gacxrilva, darkveva da sawisqviled gamzadeba unda~ (g. SatberaSvili).

gaxvewili _ moqnili, lamazi. `keklucad moiRera gaxvewili kiseri~ (n. lor­TqifaniZe).

geta _ xis qoSebi (iaponiaSi). `am dros turniketis mxridan, baqanze, getas bakabuki moisma~ (Targ. j. mWed liS­vilisa).

gznobiT _ igivea, rac grZnobiT; aRta­cebiT, aRfrTovanebiT, gatacebiT. `da ugalobda ciur naninas saidumlo da ucnaur gznobiT~ (akaki).

godoli _ cixis maRali koSki. `yurZnis mtevani, cixis godoliviT, sacaa da­emxoba, Tu droze xeli ar Se aSvele~.

goxebi _ qvebis grova. `Tu melia Seg xvda, is nela, landiviT uxmaurod gada­giTrevs win Tavis grZel, fumfula kuds da Seikargeba goxebSi~ (r. inaniSvili).

grakla _ foTlovani buCqi, gazafxulze advilad sZvreba kani, ylortebze daniT gamohyavT sxvadasxva saxeebi (sask. ganm. leqs.). `ZeZvis ZirSi mimjdara nibla Do

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estate da graklis joxs aWrelebs balRebisTvis~ (r. inaniSvili).

grZneuli _ jadoqari, misani; gadat. mom­xiblavi, momajadoebeli. ̀ marto erTni sirinozni im akvans gars exvevian, marto igini grZneulni das trfian da damRerian…~ (ilia).

gugulis­kaba _ balaxovani mcenare, aqvs wiTeli winwklebiani foT lebi da mowiTalo yvavilebi, izrdeba tyeSi (sask. ganm. leqs.). `Cvens iqiT gugulis­kaba amosuliyo~ (vaJa).

gulisxmismyofeli _ gulSematkivari, yuradRebiani, gulisxmieri (sask. ganm. leqs.). `yvavili ki ara, mzis nakadulis kamkamia! _ ase ityvis gu­lisxmismyofeli~ (g. leoniZe).

ddaazrobs _ gayinavs, gaToSavs, daazianebs.

`beCavs daazrobs sicive, an elva dahkravs Tavzeda~ (vaJa).

daafrakebuli _ gamrudebuli, mibrecil­mobrecili (sask. ganm. leqs.). ̀ xeebi sul Camowmendilan, mxolod axalgazrda muxebze SerCenila gafxokili, da­afrakebuli foTlebi da, niavi rom wamouberavs, Txilis naWuWebiviT Cxrialeben~ (r. inaniSvili).

daaxriala _ erTbaSad, xarbad dalia (sask. ganm. leqs.). `sveli litra gamoglija xelidan da miiyuda, jer pirSi wyali daigemovna, mere daaxriala~ (g. le­oniZe).

dagalale _ gariTmuli sityvaa simReraSi keTilxmovnebisTvis. `cangala da gogonao, dagalale cangala!~ (g. doCanaSvili).

dagvaRireben _ unda niSnavdes: gzaze dagvasveneben. `gzis Zirsamc dagva­Rireben, gzis Tavsamc dagvmarxiano~ (`eTeriani~).

dagogavs _ gogmaniT, koxtad, mokle nabi­jebiT dadis (frinveli) (sask. ganm. leqs.). `netavi dambadebels CemTvis niWi moeca, rom meqo maRla ca da Rrubeli, mze, es Cemi mfarveli xeebi, es mTebi, is Walebi da Rabua Citebi, romelnic xmels yviTels foTleb­Si wiTlis da mwvanis frTa­bumbuliT

Cems win dagogven~ (vaJa).davamuRame _ Jargoni: gemo gavuge, kargad

aviTvise, Seviswavle, gaviTavise. `bo­lo­bolo mTeli es beovulfebi da lord rendalebi jer kide butonis skolaSi davamuRame~ (Targ. g. Wum­buriZisa).

davla _ nadavli. `zRva amayobs Tavis dav liT, gvamebs nazad miaqanebs~ (v. kotetiSvili).

dazmanuli _ Jargoni: kargad Cacmuli. `magaT reklamas yovel meore Jur­nalSi naxavT, Tanac gaSlil gverdze _ cxens momjdari viRac daz manuli piJoni ro qvis Robes evleba~ (Targ. g. WumburiZisa).

dazrina _ Jruantelma dauara. `tanSi erTianad dazrina~ (g. doCanaSvili).

dalali _ grZeli nawnavi. `dedamTili ukan uzis giSris dalalis mwvnelia~ (`eTeriani~).

dalaxavs _ moivlis, Semoivlis, dalaS­qravs. `moymem Tqva pir SiSvelama,

Sibn gaviare kldisani, movinadire, davlaxen bilikni Wiuxisani~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa~).

danTqmuli _ CaZiruli, daRupuli. aq: damwvari. `Zmaica igi ixi la danTqmuli cecxlsa mas Sina vidre yeladmde misa~ (l. bre gaZe).

dante _ igulisxmeba dante aligieri, av­tori nawarmoebisa `RvTa ebrivi ko­media~. `dante eSmakis samflo belos aTva lierebs~ (l. bregaZe).

darbaiseli _ dinji, zrdilobiani, Ta­vaziani, TavdaWerili xanSi Sesuli adamiani. `han foki welSi gaimarTa da ise miesalma, rogorc moxucT da darbaiselT esalmebian~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa).

darkveva _ aq: gadarCeva. `es Wirnaxulic Tvaladis mindvrebSi, orRobeebsa Tu wisqvilebSia moweuli. wveT­wveTad, wlobiT namkali, nagrovebi da narudunebi. oc weliwadze meti gasula mas Semdeg, rac pirveli xeleuri gamomiRia da Wirnaxulis xvavic didia. xvavs ganiaveba, ga­cxrilva, darkveva da sawisqviled gamzadeba~ (g. SatberaSvili).Do

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dayudebuli _ aq: gaCerebuli, damdgari. `rom Cems saflavze dayudebulman qarTvelma, Cemgan Seyvarebulman…~ (ilia).

dacara _ Secvala, waaxdina. `sxvadasxva Wirma berZnebis dacara Zveli dideba~ (akaki).

dajagruli _ Tmiani, balniani. `dabali, Savgvremani, Cofura, da jagruli, zamTar­zafxul duratyavSi gamox­veuli, is orRobeebSi mieCqareboda xelSi samRvdelo boxCiT, romelSic WuWyiani olari ido~ (g. leoniZe).

dahfarfarobda _ igivea, rac dah fri aleb­da. `Woroxze egdo, qanobda, wiTeli movis perangi zevidan dah farfarob­da~ (`Tavfaravneli Wabuki~).

deda­wuli _ qalebi da bavSvebi. `calke serze uTvalavi gad momdgara deda­wuli~ (akaki).

de mos _ (berZn.) xalxi. `ecade, moxvde cxov rebis gulSi: omSi! sodomSi! brZo laSi! SurSi! ecade, moxvde qarSi da janySi! cxovrebis fskerzec _ de­mosSi! xalxSi!~ (m. lebaniZe).

dire _ gaTlili xe, dadebuli saxlis na­wilis saZirkvlad an sartylad. `fi nic ki ocnebobda Tavis nacnob dir eebsa da cariel kasrebze~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

diyi _ maRali mcenare, aqvs Rru Rero, di­di foTlebi, patara yvavilebi, iz rdeba mTaSi, Reros Wamen (sask. ganm. leqs.). `damWknarni diyi, Supya, aryi, cacxvi da urZaxi, _ yvelani er Tad Sfo Taven~ (vaJa).

dolabi _ wisqvilis didi mrgvali qva, romlis meore qvaze trialiTac ifqveba marcvleuli (sask. ganm. leqs.). `cal xeliT dolabi miaqvs~ (`Tavfaravneli Wabuki~).

dros Sesawonad _ drois Sesaferisad, dro is Sesabamisad. `Seib maxvili da garegnobiT, dros Sesawonad, icvale feri da gamoixsen gansacdelisgan qristes mmosavi berZenTa eri!~ (akaki).

duratyavi _ cxvris tyavisakan Sekerili wamosasxami, romelsac bewvi SigniT aqvs moqceuli. `dabali, Savgvremani, Cofura, dajagruli, zamTar­zafxul duratyavSi gamoxveuli, is orRobeebSi

mieCqareboda xelSi samRvdelo box­CiT, romel Sic WuWyiani olari ido~ (g. leoniZe).

eeleTmeleTi _ SiSi, Tavzari. `gogom er­

Ti ki malulad SeaTvaliera da uceb eleTmeleTma dauara~ (g. doCa naS vi­li).

embazi _ qristianuli wesiT bavSvis mo­sanaTlavi WurWeli. `cota rom wamo­vizarde, mdinare iori iyo Cemi embazi~ (g. leoniZe).

erdo _ saxlis brtyeli saxuravi, bani. `mamamTili erdoze wevs, gveleSapis mylapavia~ (`eTeriani~).

efrati _ igivea, rac evfrati, mdinare, ro melic saTaves iRebs TurqeTis te­ritoriaze da erTvis sparseTis yu res. `efratis gaRma gavxede ga dax rukulsa qedebsa~ (l. asaTiani).

eqadodes _ hpirdebodes. `gareSemo mTa da bari wvrilfexobiT mo fe nila, TiTqos raRac did wyalobas eqadodes maT es dila~ (akaki).

vvaglaxad _ saubedurod; aq: ubralod,

mourideblad. `qarTveli ja ris vaglaxad Sebmas gamocdileba sardals afiqrebs~ (akaki).

versi _ sigrZis sazomi erTeuli, mcirediT meti kilometrze. `orisa Tu samis versis sigrZeze var mxolod bednieri da ucodveli~ (vaJa).

vinZlo _ iqneb, egeb, rogorme. `vinZlo Rir sad aasrulo momavalSi Seni va­li!..~ (akaki).

zzarobda _ ezareboda. `gasvlas Sig ara

zarobda~ (`Tavfaravneli Wabuki~).zena _ zeciuri. `da marTladac rom hSve­

nodaT maSin imaT es molxena, radgan im dros gadmosuli iyo qarTlze madli zena~ (akaki).

zvere _ dazvere, gamoarkvie, daaTvaliere, gamoikvlie. `mere jvarcmuli dReebi were! frTxilad axali Rreebic zvere!~ (m. lebaniZe).Do

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zma _ orazrovani sityva; orazrovani sityvebiT gariTmuli leqsi. ̀ aw gavbede moxseneba zmebiTa da gadakvriTo da nu mkicxav kadniersa, gevedrebi cremlis RvriTo!~ (akaki).

zraxva _ laparaki, sabari; fiqri. ̀ da cod­vil suls bevrs davakleb: gadavyvebi soflis zraxvas~ (akaki).

zRude _ raimes dasacavad garSemovle­buli kedeli, Robe, galavani. `ise, rom saboloodac aRar aZlevdes zRudesa?~ (akaki).

TTavankara _ sufTa, wminda, pirvel xa­

ris xovani, saukeTeso. `mom xiblavi iyo Tavankara, daTavTavebuli, mziT amovsebuli maZRari yana~ (g. le oniZe).

Tavqeifa _ qeifis moyvaruli. `elef Teri Rvinis kaci ufro iyo, vidre sulisa, Tavqeifa, lxiniko, Rvinis xapia~ (g. leoniZe).

Temoba _ aq: xalxmravloba. `akakis er­Txel TemobaSi jibgiri miepara da Cumad xeli Cauyo jibeSi~ (akaki).

Tvinier _ garda, gareSe. `ase ar brZana: `Tvinier saqmis, sityviTi locva, uwyiT, mkvdar arso?~ (akaki).

TiTistari _ Zafis dasarTavi (gasa­keTebeli) xelsawyo, Tavsa da boloSi wvrili, qveda nawilSi gamsxvilebuli Cxiri, romelic trialebs, bzrialebs da Zafs grexs. `maTTvisac acxobdnen: puris jaras, TiTistars, furis ZuZus, qaTmis klanWs~ (g. leoniZe).

TrTvili _ Seyinuli cvari, romelic balaxze, xeebze, miwaze TeTrad devs. `bilikze, Crdilian kbodis ZirSi, cikniyurasa da mravalZarRvaze jer isev SerCenili iqneba TrTvili~ (r. inaniSvili).

iiardi _ inglisuri sigrZis sazomi er Te­

uli, udris 91 sm­s. ̀ sigane daax loebiT orasiode iardi iqneboda~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

ikrZalvis _ erideba. `arRara aqvs mas ndoba ama soflis; eSinian, ikrZalvis,

arRa icis~ (n. baraTaSvili).ilaji _ Rone, Zala, araqaTi. `vi jeqi

paltos jibeebSi xeleb Cawyobili da imisi ilajic ki aRara mqonda, ji­bidan saRamos gazeTi amomeRo da gadamexeda~ (Targ. j. mWedliSvilisa).

internacionali _ mSromelTa saerTa­Soriso himni. `ici, `in ternacionals~ gvamRerebs, me ki ar vici da yvelas dag viWeren~.

isar­kaparWi _ igivea, rac mSvild­isa ri. `isar­kaparWi momarTes, xmals hlesen, farsa hferaven~ (akaki).

kkabadoni _ dawerili furclis cali

piri, gverdi. `Cemi soflis yvavilebiT unda vqsovde am wignis kabadonebs~ (g. leoniZe).

kadniereba _ siTamame, mouridebloba. `ver mivxvdi… metad makvirvebs am­gvari kadniereba!~ (akaki).

kaeSani _ sevda, dardi, mwuxareba. `eniT uTqmeli daRliloba da kaeSani go­nebas mibindavda~.

kakanaTi _ Citis dasaWeri mowyobiloba, maxe. `im dRes CvenTvis aRarc kakanaTi iyo~ (ilia).

kalmasoba _ wignis dasaxeleba, ioane bag­rationis nawarmoebi. ̀ mama ̀ kal masobas~ kiTxulobda~ (g. Sat beraSvili).

kbode _ klds cicabo, daqanebuli napiri. `bilikze, Crdilian kbodis ZirSi, cikniyurasa da mravalZarRvaze jer isev SerCenili iqneba TrTvili~ (r. inaniSvili).

kvarci _ erT­erTi yvelaze gavrcelebuli minerali, gamWvirvale da uferuli, minarevebis gamo SeiZleba iyos sxva­dasxva ferisa. `SuSis gamWvirvale wve TebiT morTuli kvarcis Savi kris talebi WaRebiviT ekida da miaxlo ebisas elvarebda~ ( Targm. g. buaCiZisa).

kolorituli _ mkafiod gamoxatuli, Taviseburi. `iSviaTi da kargi aqac moiZebneba da sxvaganac Tvaladuri qarTluri erTi kolorituli Senakadia~ (g. SatberaSvili).

komli _ calke mcxovrebi ojaxi, mosaxle. Don't

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`dawera abesalomma wignebi da komlze kaci daibara Tavisi saxelmwifodan~ (`eTeriani~).

konstantines qalaqi _ igivea, rac kon­stantinepoli (dRevandeli stam boli). `TiTqmis brusamde moadga, xmeleTiT gzebis Semkvreli da konstantines qalaqis aris aRebis msurveli~ (akaki).

krateri _ CaRrmavebuli adgili vul­kanis Tavze. `krateris pirze kldeze gamobmuli Toki sakmarisi iqneboda Cven dasakaveblad~ (Targm. g. bu­aCiZisa).

kruli _ dawyevlili, SeCvenebuli. `mag­ram erTxel daoblebuli suli mar ad iTmens unugeSobas kruli!~ (n. bara­TaSvili).

llava _ vulkanidan dedamiwis zedapirze

amorqveuli gamdnari mineraluri masa. `Tan gamoiyola qvisa da lavis namsxvrevebis wvima~ (Targm. g. bu­aCiZisa ).

lavra _ zogierTi didi mamaTa monastris saxelwodeba, mTavari monasteri. `…ricxvi ara aqvsT, iq lavra, daudebeli fasisa yvelaze pirveli aris didisa aTanasisa~ (akaki).

lasti _ nedli totebisagan dawnuli (Robe an kari). `lastis kars gaaReb da patara ruze gadaxval~ (r. inaniSvili).

lega _ muqi, ruxi, nacrisferi. `xandaxan Tu wamoedeba lega Rrubeli, an moscildeba anda mze moavarayebs oqrosfrad~ (r. inaniSvili).

lelo _ adgili, sadac lelos TamaSisas burTi unda gaitanon. aq: moedani, saasparezo adgili. `yvela erTmxriv miiwevda, erTi hqonda yvelas lelo!~ (akaki).

licenzia _ yidva­gayidvis nebarTva. `lo­qoze licenzias mo ipovebT~ (l. bre­gaZe).

litanioba _ xalxmravali wirva­locva, romlis drosac eklesias gars uvlian. `uvliden taZrebs kelaptrebiTa, gax­Sirda saR mrTo litanioba~ (akaki).

mmadlminiWeba _ madliT, madlis gadace­

miT. `sTqva mRvdelTmTavarma da gada­sa xa madlminiWebiT moxucsa jvari...~ (aka ki).

manana _ bibliuri gadmocemiT, zecidan RmerTis gamogzavnili saWmeli udab­noSi mimavali ebraelebisaTvis (sask. ganm. leqs.). `cremlad daeca gulze manana, aaelfera da gaaxara!~ (akaki).

margi _ sasargeblo, gamosadegi. `rom jer kidev qveynisaTvis saWiro xar… didi margi~ (akaki).

matitela _ erTwlovani balaxi, aqvs miwa­ze garTxmuli, datot vili Rero, pata­ra yvavilebi (sask. ganm. leqs.). `wyalSi cxvirisatexelebi da matitelebi dgas~ (r. inaniSvili).

meore klasi _ specialuri adgilebi tran­sportSi Cveulebrivi mgzav re bisaTvis. `matareblis meore kla sis vagonis ku­TxeSi vijeqi da mouT men lad velodi gamgzavrebis ma uwyebel sastvenis xmas~ (Targ. j. mWed liS vilisa).

meseri _ xis (saris an ficrebis) Robe. `tomi frTxilad gadafofxda meserze~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

meudabnoe _ udabnoSi (dausaxlebel ad gilebSi) mcxovrebi beri, _ gan de­gi li. aq: aseT adgilas moRvawe ada­mi anebi, berebi. `meudabnoed midian saqristianos yovel mxriT~ (akaki).

mzametyveli _ igivea, rac mWevrmetyveli, kargad molaparake, ri tori. `oqro­pirobda mWevrobiT Zlieri mqada­gebeli da mwva lebelTa mravalTa mzametyvel­pasuxmgebeli~ (akaki).

mili _ manZilis sazomi erTeuli, metia kilometrze (1 mili = 1609 metri). `maTi kunZulis sigrZe daaxloebiT sam mils udrida ~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

mironi _ surnelovani zeTi, romelsac iye neben RvTismsaxurebisas. ̀ vin mo g vi­Txras maTi saqme, uTva la vi, sagmironi, da an maTze gadmosuli mad li RvTisa da mironi?~ (akaki).

mkaTaTve _ ivlisis xalxuri saxelwodeba. `giorgi papac im Tavisi basri namgliT mkida da mkida, da mTeli weliwadic erTaderT Tved _ mkaTaTved ewele­boda~ (g. doCanaSvili).Do

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mkbenari _ paraziti mweri, tili. `eSmakma uTxra: jvars rom daiweren, eTers Cumad erTi muWa fetvi xelukuRma Seayare, mkbenari daexveva da ramdenic unda acalon, veRar moaclian, sanam Seni xeli ar moxvdebao~ (`eTeriani~).

mkrexeloba _ Seuracxyofa imisa, rac yvelasTvis wmindaTawmindaa. `mkre­xe lobaa, _ ar TqvaT ase, _ da mwva­lebloba, sazizRaria isic leqsis maswavlebloba!~ (m. lebaniZe).

mnaTe _ eklesiis msaxuri, romlis mova­leobas Seadgens sanTlebis anTeba, zarebis rekva. `estate lafaCi, wm. kvirikes mnaTe, axlac maRal samrek­loze zis~ (g. leoniZe).

movi _ abreSumis qsovili. ̀ Woroxze eg do, qanobda, wiTeli movis perangi zevidan dah farfarobda~ (`Tavfaravneli Wa ­bu ki~).

mosikudid _ momakvdavi. `izrune, Zmao, sulisa SenisaTvis, rameTu mosi­kudid xar. xolo igi yoladve urC iyo sityuaTa berisaTa da ara Se­iwynarebda~ (l. bregaZe).

moqi _ adgilis saxeli. `moqis Tavadic aq aris, afranik, somexT gmirio~ (akaki).

moRoreba _ motyueba, SecdomaSi Seyvana, cduneba. `axla xom hxe davT, Tu ras niSnavda berZnebTan SuRli da moSoreba? Tu ar am xerxiT, sxvebr ar SegveZlo somxis sardlebis Cven moRoreba~ (akaki).

msoflio kreba _ igulisxmeba me oTxe msoflio saeklesio kreba (451 w.). romlis gadawyvetilebiT, akrZalulia ber­monazonTa mier sisxlis daRvra. `da ver uarvyof msoflio krebis dakanonebuls sur vils, nebasa!..~ (akaki).

muza _ mecnierebisa da xelovnebis mfar­veli qalRmerTi berZnul miTo logiaSi (sul cxra muza iyo). ̀ muza ar swyalobs dRes dedas­biWebs! de das­biWebi ar uyvars muzebs!~ (m. le baniZe).

muzaradi _ meomris liTonis qudi, ro­melic mas brZolaSi icavda. `ai Cems Tavzed piryviTeli klde rom da­yudebula da damcqeris, mexureba Tavzed muzaradiviT~ (vaJa).

muxladi _ muxlmagari. aq: kargi, sa­

ukeTeso. `o, rogor miyvars mux ladi, bedauri, maZRari sityva!~ (g. leoniZe).

mRvime _ gamoqvabuli kldeSi. `jos gan­degiloba undoda, mRvimeSi cxovreba cariel gamxmar purze~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

mRili _ matli, WiaRua (sask. ganm. leqs.). `me im pirdaRebuls, baRlinjosxelas davxatav! mRilis odenas! pirs ki sul amovukuprav.

mwignobarTuxucesoba _ maRali Tanam­deboba Zvel saqarTveloSi, sa qar­Tvelos marTva­gamgeoba mefes Tan erTad (sask. ganm. leqs.). `gab rZnili saRmrTo madliTa, saer Tod gabrwyinvebuli, mwigno bar Tu xucesoba mas hqonda miniWebuli~ (akaki).

mwvalebloba _ gabatonebuli religiis sawinaaRmdego moZRvreba, mosazreba. `mkrexelobaa, _ ar TqvaT ase, _ da mwvalebloba, sazizRaria isic leqsis maswavlebloba!~ (m. lebaniZe).

mwiri _ 1. gandegilad mcxovrebi beri. 2. ucxo mgzavri. `am dros mis win, viT Cveneba, gamocxadda mgzavri mwiri~ (akaki).

mwuxri _ saRamo, bindi, SeRamebis dro. `mwuxrSi CaZirulma gadasasvlelma, beRurebiviT aJivJivebulma samma biWunam da maTTvis gadayrili man­darinebis cincxalma elvarebam Tvalis daxamxamebaSi Caiqroles fan­jris miRma~ (Targ. j. mWed liS vilisa).

nnakvesebi _ moswrebuli sityvebi, Tqmebi.

`akakis nakvesebi~. nari _ ekliani balaxi, gavrcelebulia

mindvrebSi. `mis saflavze nari amovida~ (`eTeriani~).

narudunebi _ naSromi, naRvawi, is, razec didi zrunva, amagi daixarja. `es Wirnaxulic Tvaladis mindvrebSi, orRobeebsa Tu wisqvilebSia mo­weuli. wveT­wveTad, wlobiT nam­kali, nagrovebi da narudunebi~ (g. SatberaSvili).

natifi _ lamazi, mSvenieri, moxdenili, faqizi, nazi. `ufro Zlieri iyo sa­nukvari wadili yovelive ise aReqva, Do

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rogorc natif meTvalyures, Semdeg ki uzado leqsad gadmoeca Ramis si lurje da wylis zedapirze sinaTlis aTinaTi~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa).

naRverdali _ nakverCxali. `naRverdals gaqeqavda, gamwarebuli uberavda suls~ (g. doCanaSvili).

nayvavilari _ yvavilis avadmyofo bis Se degad darCenili iara. `nayvavila­ri, damskdari Rawvebi ise dabrawoda, usiamo STabeWdilebas tovebda~ (Targ. j. mWedliSvilisa).

nemskavi _ ankesis wina (nemsiani) nawili. `TiToeuls unda wamoeRo ankesebi, nemskavebi da cota ram saWmelic~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

netari _ metismetad sasiamovno, sa­nat re li. `giorgi papa daRamebas eW­vebaSlili ucdida da varskvlavebis sust gamoCenisTanave Soreul sar­kmelSic mkrTalad aciagdeboda is sanetaro Suqi, manamde SeuniSnavi, mTa­vari, marTla netari~ (g. doCanaSvili).

niblia _ patara Wreli mgalobeli Citi. `patara biWi didi biWis gverdiT nibliasaviT mobuzula~ (T. bibiluri).

nislCadedebuli _ nisliani. `vuyureb na oWebSi nislCadedebul, Cabuntebul mTas da vfiqrob~ (r. inaniSvili).

oolari _ mRvdlis samosis nawili, yelze

Camosakidebeli grZeli da viwro, oqromkediT naqargi qsovili. `dabali, Savgvremani, Cofura, dajagruli, zamTar­zafxul duratyavSi gamox­veuli, is orRobeebSi mieCqareboda xelSi samRvdelo boxCiT, romelSic WuWyiani olari ido~ (g. leoniZe).

orori _ saomari iaraRi, orpiri, grZel­tariani, _ oroli (sask. ganm. leqs.). `aw sasikvdilod unda SevebaT, xeli movkidoT orivem orors!~ (akaki).

orTayviri _ tivis, bornis samarTavi grZeli xe, wyalze mosasmeli (sask. ganm. leqs.). `hekma orTayvirs Cahkida xeli~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

orWofoba _ yoymani, meryeoba. `orWo foba­Si myofma jom daiwyo `axsna­ganmarte­ba~, vixumreo~ (Targ. g. yif SiZisa).

oqropirobda mWevrobiT _ oratorobda, mWevrmetyvelebda, kargad laparakobda. `oqropirobda mWevrobiT Zlieri mqa­dagebeli da mwvalebelTa mravalTa mzametyvel­pasuxmgebeli~ (akaki).

ppaneli _ kedlis qveda nawili, romelic

moficrulia an mo pir keTe bulia (an SeRebilia zeTis saRebaviT). `neta maTi sastumro oTaxis paneli da aRmo sav­luri fardebi ganaxa~ (Targ. m. naTa­Zisa).

piitikosi _ poeti. ̀ pativcemuli yvelas­gan, brZeni da piitikosi~ (akaki).

pilotura _ samxedro piris qudi. `papas marjvena warbisken daweuli pilotura hxuravs~ (r. inaniSvili).

JJunJruki _ erTwlovani dabali balaxi,

aqvs patara foTlebi da patara cisferi yvavilebi, icis Crdilian da tenian adgilebSi (sask. ganm. leqs.). `JunJruki mosdebia foTolgacvivnul venaxebs~ (r. inaniSvili).

rriye _ mdinaris qviani napiri. `iq riyiani

da xmiani iori maswavlida qarTul leqsis musikas!~ (g. leoniZe).

ruSi _ qsovilis viwro danaoWebuli zoli, samkaulad mikerebuli tansacmelze (sask. ganm. leqs.). `yinvas moerTo aTasnairi yvavilebiT, arSiebiT, ru­SebiT, jinjilebiT~ (g. leoniZe).

ssaasparezo _ asparezis, Tavis gamoCenis

adgili. `iori iyo …Cemi yrmobis emba­zi, Cemi pirveli poeturi saasparezo~ (g. leoniZe).

sabolveli _ bolSi gamosayvani, loris dasamzadebeli mowyobiloba. `mere ki patara macivars moawyobT anda sa­bolvels, mogvianebiT _ samarinado fabrikas~ (l. bregaZe).Do

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saesavi _ saimedo. `uarmyofeli sjulisa misive saesavisa~ (akaki).

sazari _ saSineli, Sesazari. `gind dari iyos saamo, ginda avdari sazari~ (akaki).

sakenwlavad _ mcire brZolebi Zalebis mosasinjavad. `da sakenwlavad gundad da gundad wasatyueblad agzavnis jarebs~ (akaki).

sakurTxi _ micvalebulisaTvis speci­alurad damzadebuli da mRvdlisagan nakurTxi saWmel­sasmeli. aq: Sesa wiri. `misTvis gvniSnavda gangeba qveynad, rom mivemsxverploT, Tavi SevswiroT missa didebas sakurTxad da ZRvnad~ (akaki).

sakurTxeveli _ sagangebo adgili ek­lesiaSi, tixriT (kankeliT) gamo­yofili, sadac sruldeba Rvinisa da puris qristes sisxlad da xorcad gardaqmnis saidumlo. iq Sesvlis ufleba aqvs mxolod samRvdeloebas. `didis RmerTis sakurTxevlis mis­Tvis Rvivis cecxli gulSi, rom erisa moZmed viyo Wmunvasa da si xarulSi~ (ilia).

samarinado _ marinadis (mwnilis) dam­zadebisaTvis gankuTvnili. `me re ki patara macivars moawyobT anda sabolvels, mogvianebiT _ samarinado fabrikas~ (l. bregaZe).

samzeo _ aq: saaSkarao, yvelasaTvis da­sanaxi adgili. `gadavwyvite Cemi oja­xis, karis mezoblebis da gare me­zoblebis ena samzeoze gamometana~ (g. SatberaSvili).

sasomixdili _ uimedo, imeddakarguli, sasowarkveTili. `da gaeSura baRda­disaken, sasomixdili ubedurobiT~ (akaki).

sasutela _ mravalwliani balaxi, aqvs datotvili maTali Rero, mtevnebad Sekruli wvrili lurji yvavilebi, ixmareba medicinaSi (sask. ganm. leqs.). `exla isini axal kabebs da qaTibebs Caicmen. ai es ori dRea, rac Cemi dobili sasutelac amoCnda~ (vaJa).

saupatio _ gadasaxadi, xarki, begara (sask. ganm. leqs.). `saupatios arTmev­den maTze cudmzraxvel mterebsa~ (akaki).

saurme _ urmis gza. aq: urmis gavlis Se­degad darCenili kvali. `saurmeSi CarCenili talaxi lamazad iqneba gakveTili oTxTvalebis mier~ (r. inaniSvili).

saferi _ Sesaferisi. `Senc imis safer hyofilxar, xmali qnevaSi gagicvda~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa~).

sacere _ cerze wamosacmeli liTonis rgoli mSvildis laris mosaWimad da isris gasatyorcnad. `moRunes mSvildi, mosdves sacere~ (akaki).

sacecxluri _ sakmevlis WurWeli, ro­mel sac iyenebs mRvdeli mRvdel msa xu­rebisas. `dabali, Savgvremani, Co fura, dajagruli, zamTar­zafxul du ra­tyavSi gamoxveuli, is orRobe eb Si mi­eCqareboda xelSi samRvdelo box CiT, romelSic WuWyiani olari ido, _ da gamuruli, Wvartliani sa cecxlu riT~ (g. leoniZe).

saxlTuxucesi _ sasaxlis gamge, mmar Tve­li. ̀ es uTxra erT bers sax lTu xucesma da Sesavali uCvena kari~ (akaki).

saxmili _ cecxli. `da sasikvdilod Sxa­mi gulis wyluls ufro saxmilad eki­deboda?~ (akaki)

saxnisi _ guTnis nawili (rkinisa), ro melic miwis belts Wris da iRebs. `saxnisma da sakveTelma gaweulma xarisaman, Senis meti arvin minda, ficma ra qnas qalisama~ (`eTeriani~).

senaki _ mcire oTaxi. `misi sacole se­nakSi Tmas ivarcxnida~ (Targ. T. dva­liSvilisa).

sveticxoveli _ aq: umniSvnelovanesi, um­Tavresi. `da es ZRvenia keTili saqme, qristianobis sveticxoveli~ (akaki).

sviani _ bednieri. `es sTqva da taxtze dabrZanda mefurad mefe sviani~ (akaki).

sikeTe­moiefe _ sikeTis gamRebi, sike­Tis Camdeni, keTili. `berZnebis misaS­veleblad sikeTe­moiefeo~ (akaki).

sikiskase _ aq: vaJkacoba, moxerxebuloba. `magram aw unda gasinjo Cemic sikiskase da mklavis Zalio!~ (akaki).

sirinozi _ qalTevza. `marto erTni si­rinozni im akvans gars exvevian, marto igini grZneulni dastrfian da damRerian...~ (ilia).Do

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sisxami _ adriani dila, axlad gaTenebu­li. `kargi iyo dila, sisxami, cvriani~ (g. doCanaSvili).

sodomi _ aq: rTul, mniSvnelovan ad gilas. `ecade, moxvde cxovrebis gulSi: omSi! sodomSi! brZolaSi! SurSi!~ (m. lebaniZe).

sosani _ erTwlovani mcenare, ikeTebs mo wiTalo­iisfer yvavils, gvxvdeba ya nebSi. `dilidanve daviwyebdiT sax­lis morTvas vardiT, sosaniT, fSatis ay vavebuli totebiT~ (g. le oniZe).

stalaqtiti _ gamoqvabulis TaRidan ko­nusiseburad Camog rZe le buli sveti. `is, rac Cven fexqveS safexurebad ewyo, sxvagan stalaqtitebad ekida~ (Targ. g. buaCiZisa).

sulmokleoba _ mouTmenloba, sulswra fo­ba. `sulmokleoba da saxlis dardi arc Tu ise SeubRalavda saxels~ (Targ. g. yif SiZisa).

surinji _ igivea, rac soinji: erTwlovani mcenare, ikeTebs cisfer yvavils. `to mi miCoCda cecxlTan da Tavisi surinjiT Zlivs dajRabna TiToeul naWerze ramdenime striqoni ~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

ttabakana _ xis mozrdili TefSi. `gars

jamebi, badiebi da tabakanebi edga nuSiT, nigoziT da TafliTa~ (ilia).

tandakoJrili _ Zveli xe, koJrebiani, nuJ rebiani. `Tqven es ambavi ar gje­raT, eleqtroniT gaCiraRdnebul, gakrialebul Tbil oTaxSi, magram sakmarisia aRmoCndeT siberiT tan da­koJrili muxebis tevrSi, _ foTle­bis Camovardna rom ismis Soridan, nis lic ki rom SraSuniT edeba kenweroebs, _ da maSinve daijerebT yvelafers~ (r. inaniSvili).

tevri _ xSiri, daburuli, gauvali tye. `Tqven es ambavi ar gjeraT, eleqtro­niT gaCiraRdnebul, gakrialebul Tbil oTaxSi, magram sakmarisia aRmoCndeT siberiT tandakoJrili muxebis tevrSi, _ foTlebis Camo var­dna rom ismis Soridan, nislic ki rom

SraSuniT edeba kenweroebs, _ da ma­Sinve daijerebT yvelafers~ (r. ina­niS vili).

toti _ didi mtacebeli cxovelis fexi, tori (sask. ganm. leqs.). `Cem Svils _ xmliT, imas _ totiTa dRe dauRamdaT mziani~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa~).

uubiri _ aq: uCinari, umniSvnelo. ̀ me xom Tqven

ubir cxovrebasa vwer~ (g. le oniZe).uzado _ unaklo, srulyofili. `ufro

Zli eri iyo sanukvari wadili yo­velive ise aReqva, rogorc natif meT­valyures, Semdeg ki uzado leqsad gadmoeca Ramis silurje da wylis zedapirze sinaTlis aTinaTi~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa).

uTvistomo _ unaTesao, uaxloblo. `nu vin ityvis oblobisa vaebas, nu vin sCivis Tavis uTvistomobas!~ (n. bara­TaSvili).

ulayi _ mamali cxeni. `am orSi didi bi­Wi ulayiviT miWixvinobs, patara biWi jer isev daunalavi kviciviT~ (T. bibiluri).

ulumbo _ mTa mcire aziaSi. `SemdegSi rom berad Sedga, dRes ulumbos aqvs savane~ (akaki).

undilad _ uZalod. `ager meisrec ga­moC nda, undilad rom aqnevda bindSi Tavis TeTr alams~ (Targ. j. mWed­liSvilisa).

urvili _ dadardianebuli, damwuxre bu­li (sask. ganm. leqs.). `sityvaa mxolod wamali gulisTqmis urvilisao!~ (aka­ki).

urZaxi _ dabali buCqi, isxams yviTel yvavils. `damWknarni diyi, Supya, aryi, cacxvi da urZaxi, _ yvelani erTad SfoTaven~ (vaJa).

usieri _ gauvali, uRrani, udaburi (tye). `is aris qarTuli sityvis usier tev­rSi Cemi megzuri da ucTomeli kon­sultanti~ (g. SatberaSvili).

uwyiT _ iciT. `ase ar brZana: `Tvinier saqmis, sityviTi locva, uwyiT, mkvdar arso?~ (akaki).Do

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ffaTqafuTqi _ frTebis farTxuni, frTebis

frTxiali. `venaxebis TavSi gulabebis fiTrian totebs faTqafuTqiT da wripiniT esevian CxarTvebi~ (r. ina­niSvili).

fargeba _ xmliT brZola farebis gamo­yenebiT, farebis migebebiT dapi­rispireba. ̀ maTi fargeba da kenwlaoba, siCqariT elva ga sakvirveli~ (akaki).

farsagi _ kargi, keTili, rigiani, xeiriani, gamosadegi. `Cems Tavs farsagi ar ariso~ (`eTeriani~).

ferdapewili _ lamazi. `WaxWaxiT ga­da dian buwknaridan buwknarSi sa­zamTrod dasuqebuli, ferda pe wi­li yviTelniskarta SaSvebi~ (r. ina­niSvili).

fiTri _ paraziti mcenare, aqvs muqi ma radmwvane foTlebi, wvrili gam­Wvirvale nayofi. `venaxebis Tav­Si gulabebis fiTrian totebs faT­qafuTqiT da wripiniT esevian Cxar­Tvebi~ (r. inaniSvili).

finTixi _ aq: nasroli, natyorcni. `da aiciles miTi finTixi, gulis gampobi, xorcis momwyvleli~ (akaki).

ficxeli _ sastiki, daundobeli, ul­mobeli. `ficxeli omi avtexoT, saqebi adrindulado!~ (akaki).

fleita _ milis formis xis Casaberi sak­ravi. ̀ wylis sust dudunSi mis yu ramde aRwevda momReral qalTa galoba da fleitebis tkbili han gebi~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa).

futi _ inglisuri sigrZis sazomi er­Teuli (daaxloebiT 30 sm). ̀ cen tralur xorxs mivuaxlovdi. misi diametri as futs Seadgenda~ (Targ. g. buaCiZisa).

fSati _ saSualo simaRlis an dabali xe, aqvs viwro movercxlisfro foT­lebi, ikeTebs patara zomis yviTel surnelovan yvavilebs, isxams mog­rZo­moyviTalo kurkian tkbil na yofs, romlis kansSigniTa nayofi mSra lia da fqviliviT iSleba (qegl). `di lidanve daviwyebdiT saxlis morTvas vardiT, sosaniT, fSatis ayvavebuli totebiT~ (g. leoniZe).

fxosani _ aq: mWreli. `xmali rom dag­viClungdeba, kalami gasWris fxosani~ (m. javaxiSvili).

qqadagi _ adamiani, romelic, xalxis rwme­

niT, xats, RmerTs elapa rakeba. `vin etyvis magis dedasa, kars us xeds qa­dag­mkiTxavni~ (`leqsi ve fxvisa da moymisa~).

qaTibi _ bewviani samosi. `exla isini axal kabebs da qaTibebs Ca icmen. ai es ori dRea, rac Cemi dobili sasutelac amoCnda~ (vaJa).

qanobda _ qanaobda. `Woroxze egdo, qa nob­da, wiTeli movis perangi zevidan dah­farfarobda~ (`Tavfaravneli Wa buki~).

qartexili _ didi, Zlieri qari, qariSxa­li. `zRvao, aReldi, aReldi, qarte­xils daemorCile! aamTagore tal­Rebi, kideebs gadaacile!~ (akaki).

qaSayi _ Tevzis erT­erTi saxeoba, Wamen damarilebuls. `biWebi dabrundnen da moitanes qaSayi, ori qorWila, erTi patara loqo~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

qilila da damana _ igav­arakebis kre buli. ``qilila da damanaSia~ aseTi araki _ `xelmwife da didebuli~ (l. asaTiani).

qnari _ simebiani sakravi. `Tqvas: Seni qnari Sors Cvengan _ CrdilSi amaod CvenTvis ar xmaurobda~ (ilia).

qorafi _ maRali tanis magarmerqniani xe, izrdeba tyeSi (sask. ganm. leqs.). `ai Cems Tavzed piryviTeli klde rom dayudebula da damcqeris, mexureba Tavzed muzaradiviT. es devebiviT qorafebi rogor awvdilan zecad da mzis sxivsac ar uSveben Cemamdis!~ (vaJa).

qorWila _ mowiTalo feris zRvis Tev­zi, gverdebze aqvs Savi da cisferi zolebi. `biWebi dabrundnen da mo­itanes qaSayi, ori qorWila, erTi pa ta­ra loqo~ (Targ. g. yifSiZisa).

qristes mmosavi _ aq: qristes rwmenis aRmsarebeli. `Seib maxvili da ga­regnobiT, dros Sesawonad, icvale feri da gamoixsen gansacdelisgan qristes mmosavi berZenTa eri!~ (akaki).Do

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RRabua _ yelis garSemo fafuki bumbuliT

Semosili frinveli (sask. ganm. leqs.). `netavi dambadebels CemTvis niWi moeca, rom meqo maRla ca da Rrubeli, mze, es Cemi mfarveli xeebi, es mTebi, is Walebi da Rabua Citebi, romelnic xmels yviTels foTlebSi wiTlis da mwvanis frTa­bumbuliT Cems win dagogven~ (vaJa).

RaRadi _ vedreba, mudara, Txovna. `Cemi sityvebi rom igulisxmo, xalxis RaRadsac daugde yuri!..~ (akaki).

Rolo _ mravalwlovani balaxi, iyeneben mxlad. `Rolos uTqvams: netavi Cems patrons aTi wlis unaxavi Zma mouvides, rom cota xans kidev vixarSoo!~ (g. leoniZe).

Rre _ didad da grZlad CaRrmavebuli ad­gili. `mere jvarcmuli dReebi were! frTxilad axali Rreebic zvere!~ (m. lebaniZe).

yyamiri _ uxnavi, daumuSavebeli mi wa.

aq: sruliad axali. `veZebdi sru li­ad yamirsa da daukrefavs~ (g. Sat be­raSvili).

yaW­abreSumi _ abreSumis qsovilebi. `zed yaW­abreSums gadmovfen~ (`eTeriani~).

yoladve urC _ sruliad daumorCilebeli. `izrune, Zmao, sulisa SenisaTvis, rameTu mosikudid xar. xolo igi yo­ladve urC iyo sityuaTa berisaTa da ara Seiwynarebda~ (l. bregaZe).

yrma _ bavSvi, ymawvili; axalgazrda, Wa­buki. `utkbesma gaocebam Seipyro yrma da daaviwya yvelaferi~ (Targ. T. dva­liSvilisa).

SSegrZnebuli _ aq: garindebuli. `dabali,

Savgvremani, Cofura, dajagruli, zamTar­zafxul duratyavSi gamox­veuli, is orRobeebSi mieCqareboda xelSi samRvdelo boxCiT, romelSic WuWyiani olari ido, _ da gamuruli, Wvartliani sacecxluriT; an rogorc

SegrZnebuli ijda samrekloze~ (g. leoniZe).

SeSWirda _ gauWirda. `dakarga foni, SeS­Wirda, morevi bo boqarobda~ (`Tav­faravneli Wabuki~).

Sveba _ Semsubuqebis, raimesagan ganTa­vi suflebis grZnoba. `da amisaTvis ar gvmarTebs warkveTa sasoebisa; kubos karamde mZebneli Cven unda viyoT Svebisa~ (akaki).

Sibi _ kldis wveti, wveri (Sibn=Sibebi, kldis wverebi). `moymem Tqva pir­SiSvelama, Sibn gaviare kldisani, mo­vinadire, davlaxen bilikni Wiuxisani~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa~).

Slagbaumi _ gzis gadasaketi mowyobilo­ba rkinigzis gadasas vle lebTan an sakontrolo gasaSveb punqtebTan. `Slagbaumis miRma, udabur gada­sasvlelTan, erTmaneTis gverdiT Cam­wkrivebuli sami loyaRaJRaJa biWu na davinaxe~ (Targ. j. mWed liSvilisa).

Supya _ balaxovani mcenare, izrdeba tye ebSi, Rero iWmeba (sask. ganm. leqs.). `dam Wknarni diyi, Supya, aryi, cacxvi da urZaxi, _ yvelani erTad SfoTa ven~ (vaJa).

SuRli _ qiSpoba, mtroba, Cxubi. `axla xom hxedavT, Tu ras niSnavda berZneb Tan SuRli da moSoreba? Tu ar am xer xiT, sxvebr ar SegveZlo somxis sardle bis Cven moRoreba~ (akaki).

CCabuntebuli _ aq: danisluli. `vuyu reb

naoWebSi nislCadedebul, Cabunte bul mTas da vfiqrob~ (r. inaniSvili).

Caduniani _ gvimrebiT dafaruli adgili. `mere rom CadunianSi Cavrakrakdebi~ (vaJa).

Cazlayuneba _ xmauriT Cavardna. `CaR­rma vebul adgilebSi Cazla yunebis dros… cviva xmeli muxis qerqebi~ (r. inaniS vili).

Cangi _ simebiani sakravi. ̀ wuxel Semoegeba moxucis Cangis JRera~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa).

Cofura _ nayvavilari (ix.), saxedakenkili. `dabali, Savgvremani, Cofura, dajag­Do

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ruli, zamTar­zafxul duratyavSi gamoxveuli, is orRobeebSi mieCqa re­boda xelSi samRvdelo boxCiT~ (g. le­oniZe).

ccikniyura _ erTgvari balaxi, iyeneben

mxlad. `bilikze, Crdilian kbodis ZirSi, cikniyurasa da mravalZarRvaze jer isev SerCenili iqneba TrTvili~ (r. inaniSvili).

cincxali _ axalTaxali. aq: STambeWdavi. `mwuxrSi CaZirulma ga dasasvlelma, beRurebiviT aJivJivebulma samma bi­Wunam da maTTvis gadayrili manda­rinebis cincxalma elvarebam Tva lis daxamxamebaSi Caiqroles fanjris miRma~ (Targ. j. mWed liSvilisa).

citra _ mravalsimiani musikaluri sak­ravi. `iswavla citraze dakvra~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa).

cxvirisatexela _ erTwliani balaxi, aqvs yviTeli yvavili. `wyalSi cxvi ri sa­texelebi da matitelebi dgas~ (r. ina­niSvili).

ZZalTaZali _ aq: ufali, RmerTi. `sxvebma

ibrZolon da gamarjvebas me SevTxov cremliT mxolod ZalTaZals~ (akaki).

ZeZvi _ ekliani buCqi. `ZeZvis ZirSi mimjdara nibla estate, graklis joxs aWrelebs balRebisTvis~ (r. inaniSvili).

Zirmiwa _ mTis Ziras, vakeze, dablobSi mdebare saxnav­saTesi (sask. ganm. leqs.). `sers iqiT, aRmosavleTiT, tyew­vrili Cadis dabla­dabla, iq Zir­miwebia, nasimindrebi, naxnavebi~ (r. inaniSvili).

Zurwa _ sarevela balaxi, ikeTebs xa­oian TavTavs. `arqauli simSvidiT da­famfaleben WuWyiani, matlSi Zur­waCakruli cxvrebi~ (r. inaniSvili).

wwalkoti _ xexilis, yvavilebis baRi. `ba­

zaleTisa tbis Ziras oqros akvani

ariso, da mis garSemo,wylis qveSe, ucxo walkoti hyvaviso~ (ilia).

warkveTa sasoebisa _ aq: imedis dakargva. `da amisaTvis ar gvmarTebs warkveTa sasoebisa; kubos karamde mZebneli Cven unda viyoT Svebisa~ (akaki).

wengo _ umwifari kaklis nedli qerqi. `sunic Rvinisa idgeba, Rvinisa da kaklis wengosi~ (r. inaniSvili).

wvrilfexoba _ bavSvebi, mozardebi, gogo­biWebi (sask. ganm. leqs.). `gareSemo mTa da bari wvrilfexobiT mofenila, TiTqos raRac did wyalobas eqa dodes maT es dila~ (akaki).

wiaRgaxsnili _ gulgaxsnili, mdidari, uxvi (buneba, niadagi) (sask. ganm. leqs.). `wiaRgaxsnili udabno uCens, vinc miva, binasa, da morwmuneTa izidavs, viT andamati rkinisa~ (akaki).

winamoaivani _ saxlis wina aivani. `gan­sakuTrebiT irTveboda saxlis wina­moaivani, sarkmeli, svetebi~ (g. le­oniZe).

wineTa _ winaT. `TviTon dedaCemi, ro­gorc wineTa vTqvi, mSromeli iyo~ (akaki).

wiflis­Cita _ patara Citi mgalobeli. `di las erTma ,,wiflis­Citam~ Cems ax­los igaloba~ (vaJa).

WWaSniki _ nimuSi sasmlis, saWmlis, Rvinis...

gemos gasasinjad. aq: gemo. `pirvelad maT damawafes qarTulis WaSniks~ (g. SatberaSvili).

Wilofi _ Wilis an sxva mcenaris Rero­ebisagan moqsovili safeni. `iq dainaxa ganmartoebiT mdgari bambukis qoxi. qoxis win ki dawnul Wilofze is moxuci ijda, romelic maSin wylis piras naxa xesTan, da barbiTze ukravda~ (Targ. T. dvaliSvilisa).

Wirnaxuli _ mosavali. `es Wirnaxulic Tvaladis mindvrebSi, orRobeebsa Tu wisqvilebSia moweuli. wveT­wve­Tad, wlobiT namkali, nagrovebi da narudunebi~ (g. SatberaSvili).

Wiuxi _ SiSveli, frialo klde. `moymem Tqva pirSiSvelama, Sibn gaviare kldi­sani, movinadire, davlaxen bi likni Do

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Wiuxisani~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moy­misa~).

Wmunva _ dardi, sevda, wuxili, naRveli. `dedamaTs Teofanias WmunviT aqvs guli aRvsili~ (akaki); `didis RmerTis sakurTxevlis misTvis Rvivis cecx li gulSi, rom erisa moZmed viyo Wmunva sa da sixarulSi~ (ilia).

xxalva _ sevda, wuxili, dardi, naRveli.

`iq daxvda arsen taxtze mjdomare, gatacebuli fiqriT da xalviT~ (akaki).

xarki _ dampyrobeli qveynis mier dap­yrobilisadmi dakisrebuli gadasaxa­di (sask. ganm. leqs.). `haersa Seazaveben samkurnalod da margada da sa­suldgmulod cxovelTa mianiWeben xarkada!..~ (akaki).

xafi _ xmamaRali, Zlieri xma. `raRac ki momaZaxa isev im xafi xmiT, magram kargad ver gavarCie~ (Targ. g. Wum­buriZisa).

xelaoba _ Tevzis xeliT Wera. `xvalasa vCxrekdiT~, wyalsa vwyvet diT, vxe­laobdiT da daRlilebi visvenebdiT morevSi gan cxromiT mwolare nikora kameCis xima qedze~ (g. leoniZe).

xeleuri _ namgliT momkili puri, rac erT xelSi Tavsdeba. `es Wirnaxulic Tva ladis mindvrebSi, orRobeebsa Tu wisqvilebSia moweuli. wveT­wveTad, wlobiT namkali, nagrovebi da narudunebi. oc weliwadze meti gasula mas Semdeg, rac pirveli xe­leuri gamomiRia da Wirnaxulis xva­vic didia~ (g. SatberaSvili).

xelCqaraT _ swrafad. ̀ xelCqaraT momixda am wignis wera, sul ramdenime TveSi!~ (g. leoniZe).

xeravandi _ lamazi, zRapruli xe. `xea, xea xeravandi, zed asxia Saravandi~ (g. le­oniZe).

xvavi _ xorblis, simindis... grova; ba­raqa, siuxve. `es Wirnaxulic Tva­ladis mindvrebSi, orRobeebsa Tu wisqvilebSia moweuli. wveT­wve­Tad, wlobiT namkali, nagrovebi

da narudunebi. oc weliwadze meti ga sula mas Semdeg, rac pirveli xeleuri gamomiRia da Wirnaxulis xvavic didia~ (g. SatberaSvili).

xvalasa vCxrekdiT _ aq: momavalze vla­parakobdiT. `xvalasa vCxrek diT~, wyal sa vwyvetdiT, vxelaobdiT da daR lilebi visvenebdiT morevSi gan­cxromiT mwolare nikora kameCis xima qed ze~ (g. leoniZe).

xvanji _ xlarTi, naskvi. ̀ gahkveTs xvanjsa ugnurebis, misi tyvea xSirad smena~ (akaki).

xvaSiadi _ saidumlo, gulisnadebi. `xan, mfaravi xvaSiadis, guli agebs grZno­bis farad~ (akaki).

xvinWa _ wvrili qva. `davxvetav gzasa xvinWasa~ (`eTeriani~).

xTisani _ aq: sabediswero. `vefxvi ro wamomifrinda, Tvalni marisxna xTi­sani~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa~).

xima _ aq: amaRlebuli nawili. `xvalasa vCxrekdiT~, wyalsa vwyvetdiT, vxe­laobdiT da daRlilebi vis venebdiT morevSi gancxromiT mwolare nikora kameCis xima qedze~ (g. leoniZe).

xoro _ xro, jixvebis simravle. `moymem Tqva pirSiSvelama, Sibn gavi are kldi sani, movinadire, davlaxen bi­likni Wiuxisani. Samamxvdes kldisa Tavzeda xoroni jixvebisani, jixvsa Tof davkar berxensa, Walas jaxn iqnen rqisani~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa~).

xorxi _ aq: xvreli. `centralur xorxs mivuaxlovdi. misi diametri as futs Seadgenda~ (Targ. g. buaCiZisa).

jjabani _ mSiSara, mxdali, laCari. `arc

ve fxvi iyo jabani, arc Cem Svil Saxvda Wkviani~ (`leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa~).

javari _ Zvirfasi qva. `dRegrZeloba ba­ton mefes, qveynis Tvalsa da ja varso!~ (akaki).

janRi _ nisli, burusi. `tansacmelic imave ferisa emosaT, ra janRisfradac gamoiyureboda es gareubani~ (Targ. j. mWedliSvilisa).Do

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janyi _ ajanyeba. `ecade, moxvde cxov­rebis gulSi: omSi! sodomSi! brZola­Si! SurSi! ecade, moxvde qarSi da janySi! cxovrebis fskerzec _ demosSi! xalxSi!~ (m. lebaniZe).

jara _ matylisagan Zafis dasarTavi xelsawyo. `maTTvisac acxobdnen: puris jaras, TiTistars, furis ZuZus, qaTmis klanWs~ (g. leoniZe).

jilagi _ jiSi. `mSvenivrad scnobda Ta­vis jilags cremldadenili berikaci~ (g. doCanaSvili).

jinjilebi _ foCebi. `yinvas moerTo aTas nairi yvavilebiT, arSiebiT, ru­SebiT, jinjilebiT~ (g. leoniZe).

jorkidebuli _ tvirTi, romelsac jo­ri zidavs. `amdeni jor kidebuli ori­vesTvis ikmarebso!~ (akaki).

juba _ zeda Casacmeli. `did biWs mokle, Tbili juba acvia~ (T. bibiluri).

hhalisi _ mdinare TurqeTis centralur

nawilSi. `mcire azias, halisis pirad, erTi xania banakad mdgari~ (akaki).

harmonia _ raimes mwyobri SeTanxmeba, Sexameba. `erTi hqondes mas sagani: harmonia misi xmebis, cxovrebaSi iyos bani xan lxenis, xan mwuxarebis!~ (akaki).

helesponti _ igivea, rac dRevandeli marmarilos zRva. `romlis qveSac helesponti ampartavnad sWexs da grgvinavs~ (v. ko tetiSvili).

hoboi _ Casaberi musikaluri instru­menti. `RuRuniviT ismoda pirve li da me ore hobois Sewyobili xmebi~ (m. elioziSvili).

huZoni _ mdinare CrdiloeT amerikaSi. `mgoni unda kidev huZonis xedi da parkis suraTi SemikveTos~ (Targ. m. na TaZisa).

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