8/14/2019 CENG3007_03

1/4

8/14/2019 CENG3007_03

2/4

A N SW E R question 1 rom Par t A compulsory) , one quest ion f rom Part B an d twoquestions fro m Part C . A l l q u e s t i o n s c a r r y a t o t a l o f 2 5 m a r k s , d is t ri b u te d a s s h o w n[ ] O n l y t h e f ir s t f o u r a n s w e r s w i l l b e m a r k e dP A R T A1.i ) D e r i v e a n e q u a ti o n f o r t h e s o lu b i li ty , e x p r e s s e d a s m o l e - f r a c ti o n Y2) ,

of a so l id com pound 2 i n a supe rc r i t ica l f l u id 1 , a s a func t ion o f t hefug ac i ty coe f f i c i en t o f t h i s com poun d in t he sup e rc r i t i ca l f l u id phase . [101

i i) M a k i n g r e a s o n a b l e a s s u m p t i o n s s i m p l i f y t h i s eq u a t io n . [ 2 1i ii ) D esc r ibe t he p rocedu re t o so lve t h i s equa t ion an d ca l cu l a t e so lub il it y . [ 7 ]T o s o l v e t h is e q u a t i o n y o u w o u l d n e e d t o d e r i v e a n e x p r e s s i o n f o r t h e f u g a c i t yc o e f f ic i e n t. W h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g t w o e q u a t i o n s w o u l d y o u u s e a nd w h y ?

v____L_ 1t n ~ = [ R T p 1 a Po

o r

i 1 dP 1 In PVmr.v..,. V R T [2]

M a k i n g a r e a s o n a b l e a s s u m p t i o n d e r i v e a s h o r t - c u t m e t h o d t o s o l v e t h e a b o v ep r o b l e m . U s e t h e f o l lo w i n g f u g a c i t y c o e f f ic i e n t e x p r e s s io n f r o m t h e P e n g - R o b i n s o ne q u a t i o n o f s t a t e t o d e m o n s t r a t e th i s. D e s c r i b e t h e s i m p l if i ed p r o c e d u r e t o s o l v ethe so lub i l i t y equa t ion .n ~ b2.PV. P V.-b)= - - b RT - 1 ) - l n RT

a { 2 [ a ~ 2 + y 2 a = - a ~ 2 ) ] ) . I n V m + l + x / - ~ b2 4 ~ b R T a Vm + 1 - x ~ ) b [ 4 1

P L E A S E T U R N O V E R

E 8 7 5 2

8/14/2019 CENG3007_03

3/4

P A R T2.a) W hat is the k ine t ic e f fec t pressu re on chemica l reac tions? Exp la in i tsor igin and na m e the character is tic qua ntity that determines the kin eticeffect.

Ex plain the s olve nt effect of pressure on chem ical reactions and itsor igin. B ase d on that, explain the dram atic effect of pressure onchem ical reactio ns in near cr it ical and sup ercr itical media.b) In f lame retardant chemistry, descr ibe referr ing to the co mb ustion cyclethe te rms so l id phase inhib i t ion and vapo ur phase inhib i t ion .

Descr ibe the mech anism o f in tumescence in f lame re tardant coa tings .

a ) Present a schem atic model of polymer d isso lu tion and formula te thedifferential equations descr ibing the process .b) Usin g an appro xim ation, solve the syste m equations and calculate gelthickness .c ) W hat is the ma xim um value for the ge l th ickness? Exp la in your answer .

[ 5 ]

[ 5 ]

[ ][ ]

[9]

[13][ ]

P L E A S E T U R N O V E R

E875 3

8/14/2019 CENG3007_03

4/4

P R T C4.a Nam e the phases o f a generic product development process.discuss them. Explain and

b Expand the firs t phase o f the product development proc ess into the frontend process. Na m e the front end activities and order the m in a blockdiagram. Disc uss each activity.c Nam e the two extreme cases o f product development organisations anddiscuss their strengths and weaknesses. Nam e the hyb rid models andpresent all four types in a schematic explanatory diagram.5

a Nam e and discuss the six steps o f the process of identify ing customerneeds.

b Nam e and discus s the four steps of establishing target specifications.c Nam e and discuss the fou r steps of setting the final pro du ct specifications.

1a Explain the m eaning o f produ ct architecture. Explain and discuss theproperties o f a mo dular pr oduc t architecture vs. an integral architecture.Name and discuss the types of modulari ty.b Nam e and discuss the implications of product architecture.c Nam e and discuss the steps for establishing the product architecture.

[7]

[121

[6]

[ 9 ][ ][ 9 ]

[ 8 ][ ][ 9 ]

E N D O F P P E R

E875 4