研究資料的蒐集

資料蒐集的歷程Locating

site/individual

Storing data

Resolving field issues

Recording information

Collecting data

Purposefully sampling

Gaining access and making

rapport

研究資料的型式 observation1. Gather fieldnotes by conducting an observation as a

participant.2. Gather fieldnotes by conducting an observation as an

observer.3. Gather fieldnotes by spending more times as a

participant than as an observer.4. Gather fieldnotes by spending more times as an observer

than as a participant.5. Gather fieldnotes first by observing as an 「 outsider」 and then by moving into the setting and observing as an 「 insider 」 .

Interviews1. Conduct an unstructured, open-ended

interview and take interview notes.2. Conduct an unstructured, open-ended

interview, audiotape the interview, and transcribe the interview.

3. Conduct a semistructured interview, audiotape the interview, and transcribe the interview.

4. Conduct a focus group interview, ausiotape the interview, and transcribe the interview.

5. Conduct different types of interview: e-mail, face-to-face, focus group, online focus group, telephone interviews.

documents1. Keep a journal during the research study.

2. Have a participant keep a journal or diary during the research study.

3. Collect personal letters from participants.

4. Analyze public documents.

5. Examine autobiographies and biographies.

6. Have informants take photographs or videotapes.

7. Conduct chart audits.

8. Review medical records

Audiovisual materials1. Examine physical trace evidence2. Videotape or film a social situation or

individual or group.3. Examine photographs or videotapes.4. Collect sounds5. Collect e-,ail or electronic messages.6. Gather phone text messages.7. Examine possessions or ritual objects.

如何進入研究田野 當研究者的身分未被知悉 當研究者的身分已被知悉1. 參與研究者角色2. 外部研究者角色

如何與研究對象及研究場域和睦共處 關於研究倫理1. 保密的問題2. 介入的問題3. 退出的問題4. 自我的壓力

深入訪談法1. 訪談大綱的編寫2. 訪談的田野筆記3. 訪談文字稿

研究資料的記錄

參與觀察法1. 大腦筆記2. 筆記草稿3. 筆記定稿

單元參考閱讀

Creswell ， J. W. (2007). QUALITATIVE INQUIRY & RESEARCH : CHOOSING AMONG FIVE APPROACHES. London ： Sage.

任凱、王佳煌 ( 譯 ) (2005). 質性研究法 : 社會情境的觀察與分析 . 台北 : 學富 .