Pharma d2012pdf

PUBLISHED BYDineshkumar JoshiRegistrarSant Gadge Baba Amravati University,Amravati - 444602

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No part of this prospectus can be reprinted or published withoutspecific permission of Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University.

Pharm. D. (Doctor of Pharmacy) Prospectus No. 20131433First to sixth Year from 2013 onwards

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PROSPECTUS

OFPHARM. D. (DOCTOR OF PHARMACY)

EXAMINATION FIRST YEAR- 2013;SECOND YEAR 2013; THIRD YEAR - 2014;FOURTH YEAR-2015, FIFTH YEAR-2016;

SIXTH YEAR - 2017

2012

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Syllabus for First to Sixth Year Pharm.D. ExaminationsProspectus No. 20131433

Sr. Subject Page No.No.

1. Special Note for Information 1

of the students2. Direction No.2 of 2012 3

FIRST YEAR3. 1.1 Human Anatomy and Physiology 174. 1.2 Pharmaceutics 225. 1.3 Medicinal Biochemistry 256. 1.4 Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry 297. 1.5 Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry 338. 1.6 Remedial Mathematics/Biology 36

SECOND YEAR9. 2.1 Pathophysiology 3910. 2.2 Pharmaceutical Microbiology 4111. 2.3 Pharmacognosy & Phytopharmaceuticals 4512. 2.4 Pharmacology-I 4813. 2.5 Community Pharmacy 5114. 2.6 Pharmacotherapeutics-I 53

THIRD YEAR15. 3.1 Pharmacology-II 5616. 3.2 Pharmaceutical Analysis 6117. 3.3 Pharmacotherapeutics-II 6718. 3.4 Pharmaceutical Jurisprudence 7019. 3.5 Medicinal Chemistry 7220. 3.6 Pharmaceutical Formulations 75

FOURTH YEAR21. 4.1 Pharmacotherapeutics-III 7722. 4.2 Hospital Pharmacy 8023. 4.3 Clinical Pharmacy 8224. 4.4 Biostatistics & Research Methodology 8525. 4.5 Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics 8726. 4.6 Clinical Toxicology 89

FIFTH YEAR27. 5.1 Clinical Research 9128. 5.2 Pharmacoepidemiology and 92

Pharmacoeconomics29. 5.3 Clinical Pharmacokinetics & Pharmac 93

otherapeutic Drug Monitoring30. 5.4 Clerkship As given in Appendix-I & II31. 5.5 Project work As given in Appendix-III

SIXTH YEAR32. Internship or Residential Training As given in Appendix-I

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SANT GADGE BABA AMRAVATI UNIVERSITY

SPECIAL NOTE FOR INFORMATION OF THE STUDENTS

(1) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, it is notified for generalinformation and guidance of all concerned that a person, who haspassed the qualifying examination and is eligible for admissiononly to the corresponding next higher examination as an ex-studentor an external candidate, shall be examined in accordance with thesyllabus of such next higher examination in force at the time ofsuch examination in such subjects, papers or combination of papersin which students from University Departments or Colleges are tobe examined by the University.

(2) Be it known to all the students desirous to take examination/s forwhich this prospectus has been prescribed should, if foundnecessary for any other information regarding examinations etc.refer the University OrdinanceBooklet the various conditions/provisions pertaining to examinations as prescribed in the followingOrdinances-

Ordinance No. 1 : Enrolment of Students.

Ordinance No.2 : Admission of Students

Ordinance No. 4 : National Cadet Corps

Ordinance No. 6 : Examination in General (relevantextracts)

Ordinance No. 18/2001 : An Ordinance to provide gracemarks for passing in a Head ofpassing and Inprovement ofDivision (Higher Class) andgetting Distinction in the subjectand condonation of defficiencyof marks in a subject in all thefaculties prescribed by theStatute NO.18, Ordinance 2001.

Ordinance No.9 : Conduct of Examinations(Relevant extracts)

Ordinance No. 19 : Admission Candidates toDegrees

Ordinance No.109 : Recording of a change of nameof a University Student in therecords of the University

Ordinance No.19/2001 : An Ordinance for CentralAssessment Programme, Schemeof Evaluation and Moderation ofanswerbooks and preparation ofresults of the examinations,conducted by the University,Ordinance 2001.

Dineshkumar JoshiRegistrar

Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University

SANT GADGE BABA AMRAVATI UNIVERSITY

DIRECTIONNo.: 2 / 2012 Date : 24/01/ 2012

Subject : Examinations Leading to the Degree of Pharm.D.(Doctor of Pharmacy) Direction, 2012.

Whereas, the Govt. of Maharashtra vide its letter No. V

(3) Any other qualification approved by the Pharmacy Councilof India as equivalent to any of the above examinations.Provided that a student should complete the age of 17 yearson or before 31st December of the year of admission to thecourse.Provided that there shall be reservation of seats for thestudents belonging to the Scheduled Castes, ScheduledTribes and other Backward Classes in accordance with theinstructions issued by the Central Government/StateGovernment as the case may be from time to time.

6) Each examination will be held twice every year. The firstexamination in a year shall be the annual examination to beconducted at the end of the academic session and the secondexamination shall be supplementary examination to be conductedin winter.

7) The fee for each examination shall be as fixed by the University.8) The scope of the subject shall be as indicated in the syllabus.9) Medium of Instruction and Examination shall be English only.10) All students who have appeared for all the subjects and passed

the first year annual examination are eligible for promotion to thesecond year and, so on. However, failure in more than two subjectsshall debar him or her from promotion to the next year classes.

11) The number of hours in a week, sessionals, papers, practicals,clerkship, tutorials, practical training, project, viva-voce, andseminar if any, in which a candidate is to be examined, the maximummarks which each of the subject carries and the minimum markswhich an examinee must obtain in order to pass the examinationshall be as indicated in the schemes of teaching and Examinationsfor Pharm.D. first year to fifth year in Appendices-I to III appendedherewith.

12) The number of working days shall be as per the Academic Calenderpublished by the University.

13) The syllabi for all the examinations of Pharm.D. course shall be asprescribed by the University from time to time.

14) Only such students who produce certificate from the Head of theInstitution in which he or she has undergone the Pharm.D. course,in proof of his or her having regularly and satisfactorily undergonethe course of study by attending not less than 80% of the classes

held both in theory and in practical separately in each subjectshall be eligible for appearing at examination.

15) There shall be following modes of examinations for Pharm.D.course.

i) Theory examination shall be of three hours and practicalexamination shall be of four hours duration.

ii) A Student who fails in theory or practical examination ofa subject shall re-appear both in theory and practicalof the same subject.

iii) Practical examination shall also consist of a viva voce(Oral) examination.

iv) Clerkship examination Oral examination shall beconducted after the completion of clerkship of students.An external and an internal examiner will evaluate thestudent. Students may be asked to present the allottedmedical cases followed by discussion. Studentscapabilities in delivering clinical pharmacy services,pharmaceutical care planning and knowledge oftherapeutics shall be assessed.

16) A regular record of both theory and practical class work andexaminations conducted in an institution imparting training forPharm.D. course, shall be maintained for each student in theinstitution and 30 marks for each theory and 30 marks for eachpractical and shall be allotted as sessional.

(a) There shall be at least three periodic sessional examinationsduring each academic year and the highest aggregate of anytwo performances shall form the basis of calculating sessionalmarks.

(b) The sessional marks in practicals shall be allotted on thefollowing basis:-(i) Actual performance in the sessional examination

(20 marks)(ii) Day to day assessment in the practical class work, promptness, viva-voce record maintenance, etc.

(10 marks).17) A student shall not be declared to have passed examination unless

he or she secures at least 50% marks in each of the subjectsseparately in the theory examinations, including sessional marks

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and at least 50% marks in each of the practical examinationsincluding sessional marks. The students securing 60% marks orabove in aggregate in all subjects in a single attempt at the Pharm.D.course examination shall be declared to have passed in first class.Students securing 75% marks or above in any subject or subjectsshall be declared to have passed with distinction in the subject orthose subjects provided he or she passes in all the subjects in asingle attempt.

18) Internship- (1) Internship is a phase of training wherein a studentis expected to conduct actual practice of pharmacy and healthcare and acquires skills under the supervision so that he or shemay become capable of functioning independently.(2) Every student has to undergo one year internship as perAppendix-IV appended herewith.

19) An examinee who does not pass or who fails to present himself/herself for the examination shall be eligible for admission to thesame examination on payment of a fresh fee and such other feesas may be prescribed by the University from time to time.

20) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Direction, noperson shall be admitted to an examination under this Direction ifhe has already passed the same examination in the course or anequivalent examination of any other statutory University.

21) Pharm.D. shall consist of a Degree certificate, having passed thecourse of study and examination as prescribed in this Directionfor the purpose of registration as a pharmacist to practice theprofession under the Pharmacy Act, 1948.

22) Every student who has passed the examinations for the Pharm.D.(Doctor of Pharmacy) shall be eligible for award of a degreecertificate in prescribed form signed by the Vice-Chancellor.

Sd/-Amravati (Dr.M.K.Khedkar)Dated : 23/01/2012 Vice-Chancellor

******

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Apppendix-ISant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati

Scheme of Teaching for Pharm.D.courseFirst Year :

S.No. Name of Subject No. of hours No. of hours No. of hoursof Theory of Practical of Tutorial

1.1 Human Anatomy and 3 3 1Physiology

1.2 Pharmaceutics 2 3 11.3 Medicinal Biochemistry 3 3 11.4 Pharmaceutical Organic 3 3 1

Chemistry1.5 Pharmaceutical 2 3 1

Inorganic Chemistry1.6 Remedial Mathematics/ 3 3* 1

BiologyTotal hours 16 18 6 = (40)

For BiologySecond Year:

S.No. Name of Subject No. of hours No. of hours No. of hoursof Theory of Practical of Tutorial

2.1 Pathophysiology 3 - 12.2 Pharmaceutical 3 3 1

Microbiology2.3 Pharmacognosy & 3 3 1

Phytopharmaceuticals2.4 Pharmacology-I 3 - 12.5 Community Pharmacy 2 - 12.6 Pharmacotherapeutics-I 3 3 1

Total Hours 17 9 6 = 32

Third Year:S.No. Name of Subject No. of hours No. of hours No. of hours

of Theory of Practical of Tutorial3.1 Pharmacology-II 3 3 13.2 Pharmaceutical Analysis 3 3 13.3 Pharmacotherapeutics-II 3 3 13.4 Pharmaceutical 2 - -

Jurisprudence3.5 Medicinal Chemistry 3 3 13.6 Pharmaceutical 2 3 1

FormulationsTotal hours 16 15 5 = 36

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Fourth Year:S.No. Name of Subject No. of hours No. of hours No. of hours

of Theory of Practical of Tutorial4.1 Pharmacotherapeutics-III 3 3 14.2 Hospital Pharmacy 2 3 14.3 Clinical Pharmacy 3 3 14.4 Biostatistics & Research 2 - 1

Methodology4.5 Biopharmaceutics & 3 3 1

Pharmacokinetics4.6 Clinical Toxicology 2 - 1

Total hours 15 12 6 = 33

Fifth Year:S.No. Name of Subject No. of hours No. of hours No. of hours

of Theory of Practical of Tutorial5.1 Clinical Research 3 - 15.2 Pharmacoepidemiology 3 - 1

and Pharmacoeconomics5.3 Clinical Pharmacokinetics 2 - 1

& PharmacotherapeuticDrug Monitoring

5.4 Clerkship * - - 15.5 Project work (Six Months) - 20 -

Total hours 8 20 4 = 32

* Attending ward rounds on daily basis.Sixth Year:

Internship or residency training including postings in speciality units.Student should independently provide the clinical pharmacyservices to the allotted wards.

(i) Six months in General Medicine department, and(ii) Two months each in three other speciality departments

Apppendix-IISant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati

Scheme of Examinations for Pharm.D.courseFirst Year examination :S.No. Name of Subject Maximum marks for Maximum marks for

Theory PracticalsExamination Sessional Total Examination Sessional Total

1.1 Human Anatomy 70 30 100 70 30 100and Physiology

1.2 Pharmaceutics 70 30 100 70 30 1001.3 Medicinal 70 30 100 70 30 100

Biochemistry1.4 Pharmaceutical 70 30 100 70 30 100

Organic Chemistry1.5 Pharmaceutical 70 30 100 70 30 100

Inorganic Chemistry1.6 Remedial 70 30 100 70* 30* 100*

Mathematics/ Biology600 600=1200

* for Biology.Second Year examination :

S.No. Name of Subject Maximum marks for Maximum marks forTheory Practicals

Examination Sessional Total Examination Sessional Total2.1 Pathophysiology 70 30 100 - - -2.2 Pharmaceutical 70 30 100 70 30 100

Microbiology2.3 Pharmacognosy & 70 30 100 70 30 100

Phytopharmaceuticals2.4 Pharmacology-I 70 30 100 - - -2.5 Community Pharmacy 70 30 100 - - -2.6 Pharmacotherapeutics-I 70 30 100 70 30 100

600 300 = 900

Third Year examination :S.No. Name of Subject Maximum marks for Maximum marks for


3.1 Pharmacology-II 70 30 100 70 30 1003.2 Pharmaceutical 70 30 100 70 30 100

Analysis3.3 Pharmaco- 70 30 100 70 30 100

therapeutics-II3.4 Pharmaceutical 70 30 100 - - -

Jurisprudence3.5 Medicinal Chemistry 70 30 100 70 30 1003.6 Pharmaceutical 70 30 100 70 30 100

Formulations

600 500=1100

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Fourth Year examination :S.No. Name of Subject Maximum marks for Maximum marks for


4.1 Pharmacotherapeu- 70 30 100 70 30 100tics-III

4.2 Hospital Pharmacy 70 30 100 70 30 1004.3 Clinical Pharmacy 70 30 100 70 30 1004.4 Biostatistics & 70 30 100 - - -

Research Methodology4.5 Biopharmaceutics & 70 30 100 70 30 100

Pharmacokinetics4.6 Clinical Toxicology 70 30 100 - - -

600 400=1000

Fifth Year examination :

S.No. Name of Subject Maximum marks for Maximum marks forTheory Practicals

Examination Sessional Total Examination Sessional Total

5.1 Clinical Research 70 30 100 - - -5.2 Pharmacoepidemiology 70 30 100 - - -

and Pharmacoeconomics5.3 Clinical Pharma 70 30 100 - - -

cokinetics & Pharmacotherapeutic DrugMonitoring

5.4 Clerkship * - - - 70 30 1005.5 Project work

(Six Months) - - - 100** - 100

300 200=500

* Attending ward rounds on daily basis.** 30 marks viva-voce (oral) 70 marks Thesis work

Apppendix-III

PRACTICAL TRAINING

1. Hospital posting. Every student shall be posted in constituenthospital for a period of not less than fifty hours to be covered innot less than 200 working days in each of second, third & fourthyear of course. Each student shall submit report duly certified bythe preceptor and duly attested by the Head of the Department orInstitution as prescribed. In the fifth year, every student shallspend half a day in the morning hours attending ward rounds ondaily basis as a part of clerkship. Theory teaching may bescheduled in the afternoon.

2. Project work. (1) To allow the student to develop data collection and reporting

skills in the area of community, hospital and clinical phar-macy, a project work shall be carried out under the supervi-sion of a teacher. The project topic must be approved by theHead of the Department or Head of the Institution. The sameshall be announced to students within one month of com-mencement of the fifth year classes. Project work shall bepresented in a written report and as a seminar at the end ofthe year. External and the internal examiners shall do theassessment of the project work.

(2) Project work shall comprise of objectives of the work, meth-odology, results, discussions and conclusions.

3. Objectives of project work. The main objectives of the projectwork is to (i) show the evidence of having made accurate description of

published work of others and of having recorded thefindings in an impartial manner; and

(ii) develop the students in data collection, analysis andreporting and interpretation skills.

4. Methodology. To complete the project work following methodol-ogy shall be adopted, namely:(i) students shall work in groups of not less than two and not

more than four under an authorised teacher;

(ii) project topic shall be approved by the Head of theDepartment or Head of the Institution;

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(iii) project work chosen shall be related to the pharmacy prac-tice in community, hospital and clinical setup. It shall bepatient and treatment (Medicine) oriented, like drug utilisationreviews, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacovigilance orpharmacoeconomics;

(iv) project work shall be approved by the institutional ethicscommittee;

(v) student shall present at least three seminars, one in the be-ginning, one at middle and one at the end of the projectwork; and

(vi) two-page write-up of the project indicating title, objectives,methodology anticipated benefits and references shall besubmitted to the Head of the Department or Head of theInstitution.

5. Reporting (1) Student working on the project shall submit jointly to the

Head of the Department or Head of the Institution a projectreport of about 40-50 pages. Project report should include acertificate issued by the authorised teacher, Head of the De-partment as well as by the Head of the Institution

(2) Project report shall be computer typed in double space us-ing Times Roman font on A4 paper. The title shall be in boldwith font size 18, sub-tiles in bold with font size 14 and thetext with font size 12. The cover page of the project reportshall contain details about the name of the student and thename of the authorised teacher with font size 14.

(3) Submission of the project report shall be done at least onemonth prior to the commencement of annual or supplemen-tary examination.

6. Evaluation. The following methodology shall be adopted forevaluating the project work

(i) Project work shall be evaluated by internal and external ex-aminers.

(ii) Students shall be evaluated in groups for four hours (i.e.,about half an hour for a group of four students).

(iii) Three seminars presented by students shall be evaluated fortwenty marks each and the average of best two shall beforwarded to the university with marks of other subjects.

(iv) Evaluation shall be done on the following items: Marksa) Write up of the seminar (7.5)b) Presentation of work (7.5)c) Communication skills (7.5)d) Question and answer skills (7.5)

Total (30 marks)

(v) Final evaluation of project work shall be doneon the following items: Marksa) Write up of the seminar (17.5)b) Presentation of work (17.5)c) Communication skills (17.5)d) Question and answer skills (17.5)

Total (70 marks)

Explanation. For the purposes of differentiation in the evaluation incase of topic being the same for the group of students, the same shallbe done based on item numbers b, c and d mentioned above.

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APPENDIX-IVINTERNSHIP

1) SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES :

i) to provide patient care in cooperation with patients,prescribers, and other members of an interprofessional healthcare team based upon sound therapeutic principles andevidence-based data, taking into account relevant legal,ethical, social cultural, economic, and professional issues,emerging technologies, and evolving biomedical, pharma-ceutical, social or behavioral or administrative, and clinicalsciences that may impact therapeutic outcomes.

ii) to manage and use resources of the health care system, incooperation with patients, prescribers, other health care

providers, and administrative and supportive personnel, topromote health; to provide, assess, and coordinate safe,accurate, and time-sensitive medication distribution; and toimprove therapeutic outcomes of medication use.

iii) to promote health improvement, wellness, and disease pre-vention in co-operation with patients, communities, at-riskpopulation, and other members of an interprofessional teamof health care providers.

iv) to demonstrate skills in monitoring of the National HealthProgrammes and schemes, oriented to provide preventiveand promotive health care services to the community.

v) to develop leadership qualities to function effectively as amember of the health care team organised to deliver the healthand family welfare services in existing socio-economic, po-litical and cultural environment.

vi) to communicate effectively with patients and the commu-nity.

2) OTHER DETAILS :i) All parts of the internship shall be done, as far as possible, in

institutions in India. In case of any difficulties, the mattermay be referred to the Pharmacy Council of India to be con-sidered on merits.

ii) Where an intern is posted to district hospital for training,there shall be a committee consisting of representatives ofthe college or university, and the district hospital adminis-tration, who shall regulate the training of such trainee. Forsuch trainee a certificate of satisfactory completion of train-ing shall be obtained from the relevant administrative au-thorities which shall be countersigned by the Principal orDean of College.

iii) Every candidate shall be required, after passing the finalPharm.D. examination as the case may be to undergo com-pulsory rotational internship to the satisfaction of the Col-lege authorities and University concerned for a period oftwelve months so as to be eligible for the award of the de-gree of Pharm.D. course.

3. ASSESSMENT OF INTERNSHIP :i) The intern shall maintain a record of work which is to be

verified and certified by the preceptor (teacher practioner)under whom he works. Apart from scrutiny of the record ofwork, assessment and evaluation of training shall be under-taken by an objective approach using situation tests in knowl-edge, skills and attitude during and at the end of the training.Based on the record of work and date of evaluation, theDean or Principal shall issue certificate of satisfactory comple-tion of training, following which the university shall awardthe degree or declare him eligible for it.

ii) Satisfactory completion of internship shall be determined onthe basis of the following:- (1) Proficiency of knowledge required for SCORE 0-5

each case management(2) The competency in skills expected for SCORE 0-5

providing ClinicalPharmacy Services(3) Responsibility, punctuality, work up SCORE 0-5

of case, involvement in patient care(4) Ability to work in a team (Behavior with SCORE 0-5

other healthcare professionalsincluding medical doctors, nursing staffand colleagues).

(5) Initiative, participation in discussions, SCORE 0-5research aptitude.

Poor Fair Below Average Above Average ExcellentAverage

0 1 2 3 4 5

A Score of less than 3 in any of above items will representunsatisfactory completion of internship.

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SYLLABUS PRESCRIBED FOR FIRST YEAR PHARM.D.(DOCTOR OF PHARMACY)

(IMPLEMENTED FROM THE ACADEMIC SESSION 2011-12)

1.1 HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (THEORY)

Theory : 3 Hrs. /Week

1. Scope and Objectives: This course is designed to impart afundamental knowledge on the structure and functions of thehuman body. It also helps in understanding both homeostasismechanisms and homeostatic imbalances of various bodysystems. Since a medicament, which is produced by pharmacist, isused to correct the deviations in human body, it enhances theunderstanding of how the drugs act on the various body systemsin correcting the disease state of the organs.

2. Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to:a. describe the structure (gross and histology) and functions

of various organs of the human body;b. describe the various homeostatic mechanisms and their

imbalances of various systems;c. identify the various tissues and organs of the different

systems of the human body;d. perform the hematological tests and also record blood

pressure, heart rate, pulse and Respiratory volumes;e. appreciate coordinated working pattern of different organs

of each system; andf. appreciate the interlinked mechanisms in the maintenance of

normal functioning (homeostasis) of human body

3. Course materials:Text booksa. Tortora Gerard J. and Nicholas, P. Principles of anatomy and

physiology Publisher Harpercollins college New York.b. Wilson, K.J.W. Ross and Wilsons foundations of anatomy

and physiology. Publisher: Churchill Livingstone, Edinburg.

Reference books :a. Guyton arthur, C. Physiology of human body. Publisher:

Holtsaunders.

b. Chatterjee,C.C. Human physiology. Volume 1&11. Publisher:medical allied agency, Calcutta.

c. Peter L. Williams, Roger Warwick, Mary Dyson and Lawrence,H.

d. Grays anatomy. Publisher:Churchill Livingstone, London.

4. Lecture wise program : Topics1. Scope of anatomy and physiology, basic terminologies used

in this subject(Description of the body as such planes and terminologies)

2. Structure of cell its components and their functions.3. Elementary tissues of the human body: epithelial, connec-

tive, Muscular and nervous tissues-their sub-types and char-acteristics.

4. a) Osseous system - structure, composition and functions of theSkeleton. (done in practical classes - 6hrs)

b) Classification of joints, Types of movements of joints anddisorders of joints (Definitions only)

5. Haemopoetic Systema) Composition and functions of bloodb) Haemopoesis and disorders of blood components

(definition of disorder)c) Blood groupsd) Clotting factors and mechanisme) Platelets and disorders of coagulation

6. Lympha) Lymph and lymphatic system, composition,

formation and circulation.b) Spleen: structure and functions, Disordersc) Disorders of lymphatic system (definition only)

7. Cardiovascular systema) Anatomy and functions of heartb) Blood vessels and circulation (Pulmonary, coronary

and systemic circulation)c) Electrocardiogram (ECG)d) Cardiac cycle and heart soundse) Blood pressure its maintenance and regulationf) Definition of the following disorders

Hypertension, Hypotension, Arteriosclerosis, Ath-erosclerosis, Angina, Myocardial infarction, Congestive heartfailure, Cardiac arrhythmias

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8. Respiratory systema) Anatomy of respiratory organs and functionsb) Mechanism / physiology of respiration and regula

tion of respirationc) Transport of respiratory gasesd) Respiratory volumes and capacities, and Definition

of: Hypoxia, Asphyxia, Dybarism, Oxygen therapyand resuscitation

9. Digestive systema) Anatomy and physiology of GITb) Anatomy and functions of accessory glands of GITc) Digestion and absorptiond) Disorders of GIT (definitions only)

10. Nervous systema) Definition and classification of nervous systemb) Anatomy, physiology and functional areas of

cerebrumc) Anatomy and physiology of cerebellumd) Anatomy and physiology of mid braine) Thalamus, hypothalamus and Basal Gangliaf) Spinal card: Structure & reflexes mono-poly-planterg) Cranial nerves names and functionsh) ANS Anatomy & functions of sympathetic & para

sympathetic N.S.11. Urinary system

a) Anatomy and physiology of urinary systemb) Formation of urinec) Renin Angiotensin system Juxtaglomerular appa

ratus - acid base Balanced) Clearance tests and micturition

12. Endocrine systema) Pituitary gland b) Adrenal glandc) Thyroid and Parathyroid glands d) Pancreas and gonads

13. Reproductive systema) Male and female reproductive systemb) Their hormones Physiology of menstruationc) Spermatogenesis & Oogenesisd) Sex determination (genetic basis)e) Pregnancy and maintenance and parturitionf) Contraceptive devices

14. Sense organsa) Eye b) Ear c) Skin d) Tongue & Nose

15. Skeletal musclesa)Histology b) Physiology of Muscle contractionc) Physiological properties of skeletal muscle and their dis-orders (definitions)

16. Sports physiologya) Muscles in exercise, Effect of athletic training on

muscles and muscle performance,b) Respiration in exercise, CVS in exercise, Body heat in

exercise, Body fluids and salts in exercise,c) Drugs and athletics

1.1 HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (PRACTICAL)

Practical : 3 Hrs./Week

General Requirements: Dissection box, Laboratory Napkin,muslin cloth, record, Observation book(100pages), Stationary items,Blood lancet.

Course materials:Text booksGoyal, R. K, Natvar M.P, and Shah S.A, Practical anatomy, physi-ology and biochemistry, latest edition, Publisher: B.S ShahPrakashan, Ahmedabad.Reference booksRanade VG, Text book of practical physiology, Latest edition, Pub-lisher: PVG, Pune Anderson Experimental Physiology, Latest edi-tion, Publisher: NA

List of Experiments:1. Study of tissues of human body

(a) Epithelial tissue. (b) Muscular tissue.2. Study of tissues of human body

(a) Connective tissue. (b) Nervous tissue.3. Study of appliances used in hematological experiments.4. Determination of W.B.C. count of blood.5. Determination of R.B.C. count of blood.6. Determination of differential count of blood.

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7. Determination of(a) Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate.(b) Hemoglobin content of Blood.

(c) Bleeding time & Clotting time.8. Determination of

(a) Blood Pressure. (b) Blood group.9. Study of various systems with the help of charts, models &

specimens (a) Skeleton system part I-axial skeleton.(b) Skeleton system part II- appendicular skeleton.(c) Cardiovascular system.(d) Respiratory system.(e) Digestive system.(f) Urinary system.(g) Nervous system.(h) Special senses.(i) Reproductive system.

10. Study of different family planning appliances.11. To perform pregnancy diagnosis test.12. Study of appliances used in experimental physiology.13. To record simple muscle curve using gastroenemius sciatic

nerve preparation.14. To record simple summation curve using gastroenemius sci-

atic nerve preparation.15. To record simple effect of temperature using gastroenemius

sciatic nerve preparation.16. To record simple effect of load & after load using

gastroenemius sciatic nerve preparation.17. To record simple fatigue curve using gastroenemius sciatic

nerve preparation.

Scheme of Practical Examination:

Sessionals AnnualIdentification 04 10Synopsis 04 10Major Experiment 07 20Minor Experiment 03 15Viva 02 15Max Marks 20 70Duration 03hrs 04hrs

Note : Total sessional marks is 30 (20 for practical sessional plus 10 marksfor regularity, promptness, viva-voce and record maintenance).

1.2 PHARMACEUTICS (THEORY)


1. Scope and objectives: This course is designed to impart a funda-mental knowledge on the art and science of formulating differentdosage forms. It prepares the students for most basics of theapplied field of pharmacy.

2. Upon the completion of the course the student should be able to:a. know the formulation aspects of different dosage forms;b. do different pharmaceutical caluculation involved in formulation;c. formulate different types of dosage forms; andd. appreciate the importance of good formulation for effectiveness.

3. Course materials:Text booksa. Cooper and Gunns Dispensing for pharmacy students.b. A text book Professional Pharmacy by N.K.Jain and

S.N.Sharma.

Reference booksa. Introduction to Pharmaceutical dosage forms by Howard C.

Ansel.b. Remingtons Pharmaceutical Sciences.c. Register of General Pharmacy by Cooper and Gunn.d. General Pharmacy by M.L.Schroff.

4. Lecture wise programme : Topics1. a. Introduction to dosage forms - classification and

definitionsb. Prescription: definition, parts and handlingc. Posology: Definition, Factors affecting dose

selection. Calculation of children and infant doses.2. Historical back ground and development of profession of

pharmacy and pharmaceutical industry in brief.3. Development of Indian Pharmacopoeia and introduction to

other Pharmacopoeias such as BP, USP, European Pharma-copoeia, Extra pharmacopoeia and Indian national formu-lary.

23 24

4. Weights and measures, Calculations involving percentagesolutions, allegation, proof spirit, isotonic solutions etc.

5. Powders and Granules: Classification advantages and dis-advantages, Preparation of simple, compound powders,Insufflations, Dusting powders, Eutectic and Explosive pow-ders, Tooth powder and effervescent powders and granules.

6. Monophasic Dosage forms: Theoretical aspects of formula-tion including adjuvant like stabilizers, colorants, flavourswith examples. Study of Monophasic liquids like gargles,mouth washes, Throat paint, Ear drops, Nasal drops, Lini-ments and lotions, Enemas and collodions.

7. Biphasic dosage forms: Suspensions and emulsions, Defini-tion, advantages and disadvantages, classification, test forthe type of emulsion, formulation, stability and evaluation.

8. Suppositories and pessaries: Definition, advantages and dis-advantages, types of base, method of preparation, Displace-ment value and evaluation.

9. Galenicals: Definition, equipment for different extraction pro-cesses like infusion, Decoction, Maceration and Percolation,methods of preparation of spirits, tinctures and extracts.

10. Pharmaceutical calculations.11. Surgical aids: Surgical dressings, absorbable gelatin sponge,

sutures, ligatures and medicated bandages.12. Incompatibilities: Introduction, classification and methods

to overcome the incompatibilities

1.2 PHARMACEUTICS (PRACTICAL)


List of Experiments:1. Syrups

a. Simple Syrup I.P b. Syrup of Ephedrine Hcl NFc. Syrup Vasaka IP d. Syrup of ferrous Phosphate IPe. Orange Syrup

2. Elixira. Piperizine citrate elixir BP b. Cascara elixir BPCc. Paracetamol elixir BPC

3. Linctusa. Simple Linctus BPC b. Pediatric simple Linctus BPC

4. Solutionsa. Solution of cresol with soap IPb. Strong solution of ferric chloride BPCc. Aqueous Iodine Solution IPd. Strong solution of Iodine IPe. Strong solution of ammonium acetate IP

5. Linimentsa. Liniment of turpentine IP*b. Liniment of camphor IP

6. Suspensions*a. Calamine lotionb. Magnesium Hydroxide mixture BP

7. Emulsions*a. Cod liver oil emulsionb. Liquid paraffin emulsion

8. Powders*a. Eutectic powder b. Explosive powderc. Dusting powder d. Insufflations

9. Suppositories*a. Boric acid suppositories b. Chloral suppositories

10. Incompatibilitiesa. Mixtures with Physicalb. Chemical & Therapeutic incompatibilities

* colourless bottles required for dispensing * Paper envelope(white), butter paper and white paper required for dispensing.


Sessionals AnnualSynopsis 05 15Major Experiment 10 25Minor Experiment 03 15Viva 02 15Max Marks 20 70Duration 03hrs 04hrs

Note : Total sessional marks is 30 (20 for practical sessional plus10 marks for regularity, promptness, viva-voce and recordmaintenance).

25 26

1.3 MEDICINAL BIOCHEMISTRY (THEORY)


1. Scope of the Subject: Applied biochemistry deals with completeunderstanding of the molecular level of the chemical process as-sociated with living cells.Clinical chemistry deals with the studyof chemical aspects of human life in health and illness and theapplication of chemical laboratory methods to diagnosis, controlof treatment, and prevention of diseases.

2. Objectives of the Subject (Know, do, appreciate) :The objective of the present course is providing biochemical factsand the principles to the students of pharmacy. Upon completionof the subject student shall be able to

a. understand the catalytic activity of enzymes and importanceof isoenzymes in diagnosis of diseases;

b. know the metabolic process of biomolecules in health andillness (metabolic disorders);

c. understand the genetic organization of mammalian genome;protein synthesis; replication; mutation and repair mechanism;

d. know the biochemical principles of organ function tests ofkidney, liver and endocrine gland; and

e. do the qualitative analysis and determination of biomoleculesin the body fluids.

Text books (Theory)a. Harpers review of biochemistry - Martinb. Text book of biochemistry D.Satyanarayanac. Text book of clinical chemistry- Alex kaplan &Laverve L.SzaboReference books (Theory)a. Principles of biochemistry Lehningerb. Text book of biochemistry Ramaraoc. Practical Biochemistry-David T.Plummer.d. Practical Biochemistry-Pattabhiraman.

3. Lecture wise programme: Topics1. Introduction to biochemistry: Cell and its biochemical orga-

nization, transport process across the cell membranes. En-ergy rich compounds; ATP, Cyclic AMP and their biologicalsignificance.

2. Enzymes: Definition; Nomenclature; IUB classification; Fac-tor affecting enzyme activity; Enzyme action; enzyme inhibi-tion. Isoenzymes and their therapeutic and diagnostic appli-

cations; Coenzymes and their biochemical role and deficiencydiseases.

3. Carbohydrate metabolism: Glycolysis, Citric acid cycle (TCAcycle), HMP shunt, Glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, gly-cogenesis. Metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism(diabetes mellitus and glycogen storage diseases); Glucose,Galactose tolerance test and their significance; hormonalregulation of carbohydrate metabolism.

4. Lipid metabolism: Oxidation of saturated (b-oxidation); Ke-togenesis and ketolysis; biosynthesis of fatty acids, lipids;metabolism of cholesterol; Hormonal regulation of lipid me-tabolism. Defective metabolism of lipids (Atheroslerosis, fattyliver, hypercholesterolmiea).

5. Biological oxidation: Coenzyme system involved in Biologi-cal oxidation. Electron transport chain (its mechanism in en-ergy capture; regulation and inhibition); Uncouplers of ETC;Oxidative phosphorylation;

6. Protein and amino acid metabolism: protein turn over; ni-trogen balance; Catabolism of Amino acids (Transamination,deamination & decarboxylation). Urea cycle and its meta-bolic disorders; production of bile pigments; hyperbiliru-binemia, porphoria, jaundice. Metabolic disorder of Aminoacids.

7. Nucleic acid metabolism: Metabolism of purine and pyrimi-dine nucleotides; Protein synthesis; Genetic code; inhibi-tion of protein synthesis; mutation and repair mechanism;DNA replication (semiconservative /onion peel models) andDNA repair mechanism.

8. Introduction to clinical chemistry: Cell; composition; mal-function; Roll of the clinical chemistry laboratory.

9. The kidney function tests: Role of kidney; Laboratory testsfor normal function includes-

a) Urine analysis (macroscopic and physical examination,quantitative and semiquantitative tests.)

b) Test for NPN constituents. (Creatinine /urea clearance,determination of blood and urine creatinine, urea anduric acid)

c) Urine concentration testd) Urinary tract calculi. (stones)

27 28

10. Liver function tests: Physiological role of liver, metabolic,storage, excretory, protective, circulatory functions and func-tion in blood coagulation.a) Test for hepatic dysfunction-Bile pigments metabolism.b) Test for hepatic function test- Serum bilirubin, urine

bilirubin, and urine urobilinogen.c) Dye tests of excretory function.d) Tests based upon abnormalities of serum proteins.

Selected enzyme tests.11. Lipid profile tests: Lipoproteins, composition, functions.

Determination of serum lipids, total cholesterol, HDL cho-lesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides.

12. Immunochemical techniques for determination of hormonelevels and protein levels in serum for endocrine diseasesand infectious diseases.Radio immuno assay (RIA) and Enzyme Linked Immuno Sor-bent Assay (ELISA)

13. Electrolytes: Body water, compartments, water balance, andelectrolyte distrubution. Determination of sodium, calciumpotassium, chlorides, bicarbonates in the body fluids.

1.3 MEDICINAL BIOCHEMISTRY (PRACTICAL)


Title of the Experiment:1 Qualitative analysis of normal constituents of urine.*2 Qualitative analysis of abnormal constituents of urine.*3 Quantitative estimation of urine sugar by Benedicts reagent

method.**4 Quantitative estimation of urine chlorides by Volhards method.**5 Quantitative estimation of urine creatinine by Jaffes method.**6 Quantitative estimation of urine calcium by precipitation method.**7 Quantitative estimation of serum cholesterol by Libermann

Burchards method.**8 Preparation of Folin Wu filtrate from blood.*9 Quantitative estimation of blood creatinine.**10 Quantitative estimation of blood sugar Folin-Wu tube method.**11 Estimation of SGOT in serum.**

12 Estimation of SGPT in serum.**13 Estimation of Urea in Serum.**14 Estimation of Proteins in Serum.**15 Determination of serum bilirubin**16 Determination of Glucose by means of Glucoseoxidase.**17 Enzymatic hydrolysis of Glycogen/Starch by Amylases.**18 Study of factors affecting Enzyme activity. (pH & Temp.)**19 Preparation of standard buffer solutions and its pH measurements

(any two)*20 Experiment on lipid profile tests**21 Determination of sodium,calcium and potassium in serum.**

** indicate major experiments & * indicate minor experiments

Assignments:Format of the assignment1. Minimum & Maximum number of pages.2. It shall be computer draft copy.3. Reference(s) shall be included at the end.4. Name and signature of the student.5. Assignment can be a combined presentation at the end of

the academic year.6. Time allocated for presentation may be 8+2 Min.




29 30

1.4 PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (THEORY)


1. Scope and objectives: This course is designed to impart a verygood knowledge abouta. IUPAC/Common system of nomenclature of simple organic

compounds belonging to different classes of organic com-pounds;

b. Some important physical properties of organic compounds;c. Free radical/ nucleophyllic [alkyl/ acyl/ aryl] /electrophyllic

substitution, free radical/ nucleophyllic / electrophyllic ad-dition, elimination, oxidation and reduction reactions withmechanism, orientation of the reaction, order of reactivity,stability of compounds;

d. Some named organic reactions with mechanisms; ande. Methods of preparation, test for purity, principle involved in

the assay, important medicinal uses of some important or-ganic compounds.

2. Course materials:Text booksa. T.R.Morrison and R. Boyd - Organic chemistry,b. Bentley and Driver-Text book of Pharmaceutical chemistryc. I.L.Finer- Organic chemistry, the fundamentals of chemistry

Reference booksa. Organic chemistry J.M.Cram and D.J.Cramb. Organic chemistry- Brownc. Advanced organic chemistry- Jerry March, Wileyd. Organic chemistry- Cram and Hammered, Pine Hendrickson

3. Lecture wise programme : Topics1. Structures and Physical properties:

a. Polarity of bonds, polarity of molecules, M.P, Intermolecular forces, B.P, Solubility, non ionic solutes andionic solutes, protic and aprotic Solvents, ion pairs,

b. Acids and bases, Lowry bronsted and Lewis theoriesc. Isomerism.

2. Nomenclature of organic compound belonging to the fol-lowing classes Alkanes, Alkenes, Dienes, Alkynes, Alcohols,Aldehydes, Ketones, Amides, Amines, Phenols, Alkyl Ha-

lides, Carboxylic Acid, Esters, Acid Chlorides AndCycloalkanes.

3. Free radicals chain reactions of alkane : Mechanism, relativereactivity and stability.

4. Alicyclic compounds : Preparations of cyclo alkanes, Bayerstrain theory and orbital picture of angle strain.

5. Nuclophilic aliphatic substitution mechanism: Nucleophilesand leaving groups, kinetics of second and first order reac-tion, mechanism and kinetics of SN2 reactions. Stereochem-istry and steric hindrance, role of solvents, phase transfercatalysis, mechanism and kinetics of SN1 reactions, stere-ochemistry, carbocation and their stability, rearrangement ofcarbocation, role of solvents in SN1 reaction, Ion dipolebonds, SN2 versus SN1 solvolyses, nucleophilic assistanceby the solvents.

6. Dehydro halogenation of alkyl halides: 1,2 elimination, ki-netics, E2 and E1 mechanism, elimination via carbocation,evidence for E2 mechanism, absence of rearrangement iso-tope effect, absence hydrogen exchange, the element effect,orientation and reactivity, E2 versus E1, elimination versussubstitution, dehydration of alcohol, ease of dehydration,acid catalysis, reversibility, orientation.

7. Electrophillic and free radicals addition: Reactions at car-bon-carbon, double bond, electrophile, hydrogenation, heatof hydrogenation and stability of alkenes, markownikoff rule,addition of hydrogen halides, addition of hydrogen bromides,peroxide effect, electrophillic addition, mechanism, rearrange-ment, absence of hydrogen exchange, orientation and reac-tivity, addition of halogen, mechanism, halohydin formation,mechanism of free radicals additon, mechanism of peroxideinitiated addition of hydrogen bromide, orientation of freeaddition, additions of carbene to alkene, cyclo addition reac-tions.

8. Carbon-carbon double bond as substituents: Free radicalhalogenations of alkenes, comparision of free radical substi-tution with free radical addition, free radical substitution inalkenes, orientation and reactivity, allylic rearrangements.

9. Theory of resonance: Allyl radical as a resonance hybrid,stability, orbital picture, resonance stabilisation of allyl radi-cals, hyper conjugation, allyl cation as a resonance hybrid,

31 32

nucleophyllic substitution in allylic substrate, SN1 reactiv-ity, allylic rearrangement, resonance stabilisation of allyl cat-ion, hyper conjugation, nucleophilic substitution in allylicsubstrate, SN2 nucleophilic substituion in vinylic substrate,vinylic cation, stability of conjugated dienes, resonance inalkenes, hyper conjugation, ease of formation of conjugateddienes, orientation of elimination, electrophilic addition toconjugated dienes, 1,4- addition, 1,2-versus 1,4-addition, rateversus equilibrium, orientation and reactivity of free radicaladdition to conjugated dienes.

10. Elecrophilic aromatic substitution: Effect of substituentgroups, determination of orientation, determination of rela-tive reactivity, classification of substituent group, mecha-nism of nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, friedel craftalkylation, friedel craft acylation, reactivity and orientation,activating and deactivating O,P,M directing groups, elec-tron release via resonance, effect of halogen on electrophilicaromatic substitution in alkyl benzene, side chain haloginationof alkyl benzene, resonance stabilization of benzyl radical.

11. Nucleophilic addition reaction: Mechanism, ionisation ofcarboxylic acids, acidity constants, acidity of acids, struc-ture of carboxylate ions, effect of substituent on acidity,nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction, conversion of acidto acid chloride, esters, amide and anhydride. Role of caboxylgroup, comparison of alkyl nucleophilic substitution withacyl nucleophilic substitution.

12. Mechanism of aldol condensation, claisen condensation,cannizzaro reaction, crossed aldol condensation, crossedcannizzaro reaction, benzoin condensation, perkin conden-sation. Knoevenagel, Reformatsky reaction, Wittig reaction,Michael addition.

13. Hoffman rearrangement: Migration to electron deficient ni-trogen, Sandmeyers reaction, basicity of amines,diazotisation and coupling, acidity of phenols, Williamsonsynthesis, Fries rearrangement, Kolbe reaction, Reimertiemans reactions.

14. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution: Bimolecular displacementmechanisms, orientation, comparison of aliphatic nucleophilicsubstitution with that of aromatic.

15. Oxidation reduction reaction.

16. Study of the following official compounds- preparation, testfor purity, assay and medicinal uses of Chlorbutol, Dimerca-prol, Glyceryl trinitrate, Urea, Ethylene diamine dihyrate, Van-illin, Paraldehyde, Ethylene chloride, Lactic acid, Tartaric acid,citric acid, salicylic acid, aspirin, methyl salicylate, ethyl ben-zoate, benzyl benzoate, dimethyl pthalate, sodium lauryl sul-phate, saccharin sodium, mephensin.

1.4 PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (PRACTICAL)


I. Introduction to the various laboratory techniques through dem-onstration involving synthesis of the following compounds (atleast 8 compounds to be synthesised):

1. Acetanilde / aspirin (Acetylation) 2. Benzanilide / Phenyl benzoate (Benzoylation)3. P-bromo acetanilide / 2,4,6 tribromo aniline (Bromination)4. Dibenzylidene acetone (Condensation)5. 1-Phenylazo-2-napthol (Diazotisation and coupling)6. Benzoic acid / salicylic acid (Hydrolysis of ester)7. M-dinitro benzene (Nitration)8. 9, 10 Antharaquinone (Oxidation of anthracene) / prepara-

tion of benzoic acid from toluene or benzaldehyde9. M-phenylene diamine (Reduction of M-dinitrobenzene) /

Aniline from nitrobenzene10. Benzophenone oxime11. Nitration of salicylic acid12. Preparation of picric acid13. Preparation of O-chlorobenzoic acid from O-chlorotolune14. Preparation of cyclohexanone from cyclohexanol

II. Identification of organic compounds belonging to the followingclasses by :

Systematic qualitative organic analysis including preparation ofderivatives Phenols, amides, carbohydrates, amines, carboxylicacids, aldehyde and ketones, Alcohols, esters, hydrocarbons,anilides, nitrocompounds.

III. Introduction to the use of stereo models:Methane, Ethane, Ethylene, Acetylene, Cis alkene, Trans alkene,inversion of configuration.

33 34



Note : Total sessional marks is 30 (20 for practical sessionalplus 10 marks for regularity, promptness, viva-voce andrecord maintenance).

1.5 PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (THEORY)


1. Scope and objectives: This course mainly deals with fundamentalsof Analytical chemistry and also the study of inorganic pharma-ceuticals regarding their monographs and also the course dealswith basic knowledge of analysis of various pharmaceuticals.

2. Upon completion of the course student shall be able to:a. under stand the principles and procedures of analysis of

drugs and also regarding the application of inorganic phar-maceuticals;

b. know the analysis of the inorganic pharmaceuticals theirapplications; and

c. appreciate the importance of inorganic pharmaceuticals inpreventing and curing the disease.

3. Course materials:Text booksa. A text book Inorganic medicinal chemistry by Surendra N.

Pandeyab. A. H. Beckett and J. B. Stanlakes Practical Pharmaceutical

chemistry Vol-I & Vol-IIc. Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry III-Edition P.Gundu RaoReference booksa. Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Anand & Chetwal

b. Pharmaceutical Inorganic chemistry by Dr.B.G.Nagavic. Analytical chemistry principles by John H. Kennedyd. I.P.1985 and 1996, Govt. of India, Ministry of health

4. Lecture wise programme:Topics1 Errors2 Volumetric analysis3 Acid-base titrations4 Redox titrations5 Non aqueous titrations6 Precipitation titrations7 Complexometric titrations8 Theory of indicators9 Gravimetry10 Limit tests11 Medicinal gases12 Acidifiers13 Antacids14 Cathartics15 Electrolyte replenishers16 Essential Trace elements17 Antimicrobials18 Pharmaceutical aids19 Dental Products20 Miscellaneous compounds21 Radio Pharmaceuticals

1.5 PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY(PRACTICAL)

Practical : 3 Hrs./Week1. Limit test (6 exercises)

a. Limit test for chloridesb. Limit test for sulphatesc. Limit test for irond. Limit test for heavy metalse. Limit test for arsenicf. Modified limit tests for chlorides and sulphates

35 36

2. Assays (10 exercises)a. Ammonium chloride- Acid-base titrationb. Ferrous sulphate- Cerimetryc. Copper sulpahte- Iodometryd. Calcilugluconate- Complexometrye. Hydrogen peroxide Permanganometryf. Sodium benzoate Nonaqueous titrationg. Sodium chloride Modified volhards methodh. Assay of KI KIO3 titrationi. Gravimetric estimation of barium as barium sulphatej. Sodium antimony gluconate or antimony potassium tartarate

3. Estimation of mixture (Any two exercises)a. Sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonateb. Boric acid and Boraxc. Oxalic acid and sodium oxalate

4. Test for identity (Any three exercises)a. Sodium bicorbonateb. Barium sulphatec. Ferrous sulphated. Potassium chloride

5. Test for purity (Any two exercises)a. Swelling power in Bentoniteb. Acid neutralising capacity in aluminium hydroxide gelc. Ammonium salts in potash alumd. Adsorption power heavy Kaoline. Presence of Iodates in KI

6. Preparations (Any two exercises)a. Boric acidsb. Potash alumc. Calcium lactated. Magnesium suphate

Scheme of Practical Examination :Sessionals Annual

Synopsis 05 15Major Experiment 10 25Minor Experiment1&2 03 15Viva 02 15Max Marks 20 70Duration 03hrs 04hrs

Note : Total sessional marks is 30 (20 for practical sessional plus 10marks for regularity, promptness, viva-voce and recordmaintenance).

1.6 REMEDIAL MATHEMATICS/BIOLOGY (THEORY)


REMEDIAL MATHEMATICS :

1. Scope and objectives: This is an introductory course in mathemat-ics. This subjects deals with the introduction to matrices, determi-nants, trigonometry, analytical geometry, differential calculus, in-tegral calculus, differential equations, laplace transform.

2. Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to : a. Know Trignometry, Analytical geometry, Matrices, Determi-

nant, Integration, Differential equation, Laplace transformand their applications;

b. solve the problems of different types by applying theory;and

c. appreciate the important applications of mathematics in phar-macy.

3. Course materials:Text booksa. Differential calculus By Shantinarayanb. Text book of Mathematics for second year pre-university by

Prof.B.M.SreenivasReference booksa. Integral calculus By Shanthinarayanb. Engineering mathematics By B.S.Grewalc. Trigonometry Part-I By S.L.Loney

4. Lecture wise programme : Topics1. Algebra : Determinants, Matrices2. Trigonometry : Sides and angles of a triangle, solution of

triangles3. Analytical Geometry :Points, Straight line, circle, parabola4. Differential calculus: Limit of a function, Differential calcu-

lus, Differentiation of a sum, Product, Quotient Composite,Parametric, exponential, trigonometric and Logarithmic func-tion. Successive differentiation, Leibnitzs theorem, Partial

37 38

differentiation, Eulers theorem on homogeneous functionsof two variables.

5. Integral Calculus: Definite integrals, integration by substi-tution and by parts, Properties of definite integrals.

6. Differential equations: Definition, order, degree, variableseparable, homogeneous, Linear, heterogeneous, linear, dif-ferential equation with constant coefficient, simultaneouslinear equation of second order.

7. Laplace transform: Definition, Laplace transform of elemen-tary functions, Properties of linearity and shifting.

BIOLOGY :

1. Scope and objectives: This is an introductory course in Biology,which gives detailed study of natural sources such as plant andanimal origin. This subject has been introduces to the pharmacycourse in order to make the student aware of various naturallyoccurring drugs and its history, sources, classification, distribu-tion and the characters of the plants and animals. This subjectgives basic foundation to Pharmacognosy.

2. Course materials:Text booksa. Text book of Biology by S.B.Gokhaleb. A Text book of Biology by Dr.Thulajappa and Dr. Seetaram.

Reference booksa. A Text book of Biology by B.V.Sreenivasa Naidub. A Text book of Biology by Naidu and Murthyc. Botany for Degree students By A.C.Dutta.d. Outlines of Zoology by M.Ekambaranatha ayyer and

T.N.Ananthakrishnan.e. A manual for pharmaceutical biology practical by S.B.Gokhale

and C.K.Kokate.

3. Lecture wise programme : TopicPART-A1. Introduction2. General organization of plants and its inclusions3. Plant tissues4. Plant kingdom and its classification5. Morphology of plants

6. Root, Stem, Leaf and Its modifications7. Inflorescence and Pollination of flowers8. Morphology of fruits and seeds9. Plant physiology10. Taxonomy of Leguminosae, umbelliferae, Solanaceae,

Lilliaceae, Zinziberaceae, Rubiaceae11. Study of Fungi, Yeast, Penicillin and BacteriaPART-B1. Study of Animal cell2. Study animal tissues3. Detailed study of frog4. Study of Pisces, Raptiles, Aves5. Genearal organization of mammals6. Study of poisonous animals

1.6 BIOLOGY (PRACTICAL)Practical : 3 Hrs./WeekTitle:

1. Introduction of biology experiments2. Study of cell wall constituents and cell inclusions3. Study of Stem modifications4. Study of Root modifications5. Study of Leaf modifications6. Identification of Fruits and seeds7. Preparation of Permanent slides8. T.S. of Senna, Cassia, Ephedra, Podophyllum9. Simple plant physiological experiments10. Identification of animals11. Detailed study of Frog12. Computer based tutorials

Scheme of Practical Examination :Sessionals Annual

Identification 04 10Synopsis 04 10Major Experiment 07 20Minor Experiment 03 15Viva 02 15Max Marks 20 70Duration 03hrs 04hrs

39 40

Note : Total sessional marks is 30 (20 for practical sessional plus10 marks for regularity, promptness, viva-voce and recordmaintenance.

SYLLABUS PRESCRIBED FOR SECOND YEAR PHARM.D.(DOCTOR OF PHARMACY) EXAMINATIONS( IMPLEMENTED FROM THE ACADEMIC

SESSION 2012-13)

2.1 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (THEORY)


1. Scope of the Subject: This course is designed to impart a thor-ough knowledge of the relevant aspects of pathology of variousconditions with reference to its pharmacological applications, andunderstanding of basic Pathophysiological mechanisms. Hence itwill not only help to study the syllabus of pathology, but also toget baseline knowledge of its application in other subject of phar-macy.

2. Objectives of the Subject : Upon completion of the subject stu-dent shall be able to a. describe the etiology and pathogenesis of the selected dis-

ease states;b. name the signs and symptoms of the diseases; andc. mention the complications of the diseases.

Text books (Theory)a. Pathologic basis of disease by- Cotran, Kumar, Robbinsb. Text book of Pathology- Harsh Mohanc. Text book of Pathology- Y.M. Bhinde

Reference books (Theory)a. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics; Second edition; Roger

Walker; Churchill Livingstone publication

3. Detailed syllabus and lecture wise schedule :Chapter1 Basic principles of cell injury and Adaptationa) Causes, Pathogenesis and morphology of cell injuryb) Abnormalities in lipoproteinaemia, glycogen infiltration and

glycogen infiltration and glycogen infiltration and glycogenstorage diseases

2 Inflammationa) Pathogenesis of acute inflammation, Chemical me

diators in inflammation, Types of chronicinflammation

b) Repairs of wounds in the skin, factors influencinghealing of wounds

3 Diseases of Immunitya) Introduction to Tand B cellsb) MHC proteins or transplantation antigensc) Immune tolerance

- HypersensitivityHypersensitivity type I, II, III, IV, Biological significance,Allergy due to food, chemicals and drugs

- AutoimmunityCriteria for autoimmunity, Classifications of autoimmunediseases in man, mechanism of autoimmunity,Transplantation and immunologic tolerance, allograftrejections, transplantation antigens, mechanism ofrejection of allograft.

- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) - Amylodosis

4 Cancer: differences between benign and malignant tumors,Histological diagnosis of malignancy, invasions andmetastasis, patterns of spread, disturbances of growth of cells,classification of tumors, general biology of tumors, spread ofmalignant tumors, etiology and pathogenesis of cancer.

5 Types of shock, mechanisms, stages and management6 Biological effects of radiation7 Environmental and nutritional diseases

i) Air pollution and smoking- SO2,NO, NO2, and COii) Protein calorie malnutrition, vitamins, obesity,

pathogenesis of starvation.8 Pathophysiology of common diseases

a. Parkinsonismb. Schizophreniac. Depression and maniad. Hypertension,e. Stroke (ischaemic and hemorrhage)f. Angina, CCF, Atherosclerosis, Myocardial infarction

41 42

g. Diabetes Mellitush. Peptic ulcer and inflammatory bowel diseasesi. Cirrhosis and Alcoholic liver diseasesj. Acute and chronic renal failurek. Asthma and chronic obstructive airway diseases

9 Infectious diseases :Sexually transmitted diseases (HIV,Syphilis,Gonorrhea),Urinary tract infections, Pneumonia, Typhoid, Tuberculosis,Leprosy, Malaria Dysentery (bacterial and amoebic ),Hepatitis- infective hepatitis.

4. Assignments :Title of the Experiment

1 Chemical Mediators of inflammation2 Drug Hypersensitivity3 Cigarette smoking & its ill effects4 Biological Effects of Radiation5 Etiology and hazards of obesity6 Complications of diabetes7 Diagnosis of cancer8 Disorders of vitamins9 Methods in Pathology-Laboratory values of clinical

significance10 Pathophysiology of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)

Format of the assignment1 Minimum & Maximum number of pages.2. Reference(s) shall be included at the end.3. Assignment can be a combined presentation at the end of the

academic year4. It shall be computer draft copy.5. Name and signature of the student6. Time allocated for presentation may be 8+2 Min.

2.2 PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY (THEORY)


1. Scope of the Subject: Microbiology has always been an essentialcomponent of pharmacy curriculum. This is because of the rel-evance of microbiology to pharmaceutical sciences and more spe-cifically to pharmaceutical industry. Pharmaceutical biotechnol-

ogy is the logical extension of pharmaceutical microbiology, whichis expected to change the complete drug product scenario in thefuture.

This course deals with the various aspects of microorgan-isms, its classification, morphology, laboratory cultivation identi-fication and maintenance. Its also discusses with sterilization ofpharmaceutical products, equipment, media etc. The course fur-ther discusses the immunological preparations, diseases its trans-mission, diagnosis, control and immunological tests.

2. Objectives of the Subject :Upon completion of the subject student shall be able to

a. know the anatomy, identification, growth factors andsterilization of microorganisms;

b. know the mode of transmission of disease causingmicroorganism, symptoms of disease, and treatment aspect;

c. do estimation of RNA and DNA and there by identifying thesource;

d. do cultivation and identification of the microorganisms in thelaboratory;

e. do identification of diseases by performing the diagnostictests; and

f. appreciate the behavior of motility and behavioralcharacteristics of microorganisms.

Text books (Theory)a. Vanitha Kale and Kishor Bhusari Applied Microbiology

Himalaya Publishing house Mumbai.b. Mary Louis Turgeon Immunology and Serology in

Laboratory Medicines 2nd edition, 1996 Mosby- Year bookinc St. Louis Missouri 63146.

c. Harsh Mohan, Text book of Pathology 3rd edition, 1998, B-3 Ansari road Daryaganj N. Delhi.

Reference books (Theory)a. Prescot L.M., Jarley G.P Klein D.A Microbiology 2nd- edition

Mc Graw Hill Company Incb. Rawlins E.A.Bentleys Text Book of Pharmaceutics B ailliere

Tindals 24-28London 1988

43 44

c. Forbisher Fundamentals of Microbiology Philidelphia W.B.Saunders.

d. Prescott L.M. Jarley G.P., Klein.D.A. Microbiology.2ndedition WMC Brown Publishers, Oxford. 1993

e. War Roitt, Jonathan Brostoff, David male, Immunology3rdedition 1996, Mosby-year book Europe Ltd, London.

f. Pharmacopoeia of India, Govt of India, 1996.

3. Detailed syllabus and lecture wise schedule :Title of the topic1 Introduction to the science of microbiology. Major divisions

of microbial world and Relationship among them.2 Different methods of classification of microbes and study of

Bacteria, Fungi, virus, Rickettsiae, Spirochetes.3 Nutritional requirements, growth and cultivation of bacteria

and virus. Study of different important media required forthe growth of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria & fungi.Differential media, enriched media and selective media,maintenance of lab cultures.

4 Different methods used in isolation and identification ofbacteria with emphasis to different staining techniques andbiochemical reactions. Counting of bacteria -Total and Viablecounting techniques.

5 Detailed study of different methods of sterilization includingtheir merits and demerits. Sterilization methods for allpharmaceutical products. Detailed study of sterility testingof different pharmaceutical preparations . Brief informationon Validation.

6 Disinfectants- Study of disinfectants, antiseptics, fungicidaland virucidal agents factors affecting their activation andmechanism of action. Evaluation of bactericidal, bacteristatic,, virucidal activities, evaluation of preservatives inpharmaceutical preparations.

7 Immunology- Immunity, Definition, Classification, Generalprinciples of natural immunity, Phagocytosis, acquiredimmunity( active and passive ) . Antigens, chemical natureof antigens structure and formation of Antibodies, Antigen-Antibody reactions. Bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins.Significance of toxoids in active immunity, Immunizationprogramme, and importance of booster dose.

8 Diagnostic tests : Schicks Test, Elisa test, Western Blottest, Southern Blot PCR Widal, QBC, Mantaux Peripheralsmear. Study of malarial parasite.

9 Microbial culture sensitivity Testing: Interpretation of resultsPrinciples and methods of different microbiological assays,microbiological assay of Penicillin, Streptomycin and vitaminB2 and B12. Standardisation of vaccines and sera.

10 Study of infectious diseases: Typhoid, Tuberculosis,Malaria, Cholera, Hepatitis, Meningitis, Syphilis &Gonorrhea and HIV.

2.2 PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY (PRACTICAL)


Title of the Experiment:1 Study of apparatus used in experimental microbiology*.2 Sterilisation of glass wares. Preparation of media and sterilisation.*3 Staining techniques Simple staining ; Grams staining ; Nega-

tive staining**4 Study of motility characters*.5 Enumeration of micro-organisms (Total and Viable)*6 Study of the methods of isolation of pure culture.*7 Bio chemical testing for the identification of micro*-organisms.8 Cultural sensitivity testing for some micro-organisms.*9 Sterility testing for powders and liquids.*10 Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration.*11 Microbiological assay of antibiotics by cup plate method.*12 Microbiological assay of vitamins by Turbidometric method**13 Determination of RWC.**14 Diagnostic tests for some common diseases, Widal, malarial para-

site.**

* Indicate minor experiment & ** indicate major experimentAssignments:1 Visit to some pathological laboratories & study the activities and

equipment/instruments used and reporting the same.2. Visit to milk dairies (Pasturization) and microbial laboratories(other

sterization methods) & study the activities and equipment/instruments used and reporting the same.

3. Library assignmentsa. Report of recent microbial techniques developed in diagnosing

some common diseases.b. Latest advancement developed in identifying, cultivating &

handling of microorganisms.

Format of the assignment:1. Minimum & Maximum number of pages.2. It shall be computer draft copy.3. Reference(s) shall be included at the end.4. Name and signature of the student.5. Assignment can be a combined presentation at the end of the

academic year.6. Time allocated for presentation may be 8+2 Min.

Scheme of Practical Examination:Sessionals Annual

Synopsis 05 15Major Experiment 10 25Minor Experiment 03 15Viva 02 15Max Marks 20 70Duration 03hrs 04hrs


2.3 PHARMACOGNOSY & PHYTOPHARMACEUTICALS(THEORY)

Theory : 3 Hrs. /Week1. Scope and objectives: This subject has been introduced for the

pharmacy course in order to make the student aware of medicinaluses of various naturally occurring drugs its history, sources,distribution, method of cultivation, active constituents, medicinaluses, identification tests, preservation methods, substitutes andadulterants.

2. Upon completion of the course student shall be able to:a. under stand the basic principles of cultivation, collection

and storage of crude drugs;

b. know the source, active constituents and uses of crudedrugs; and

c. appreciate the applications of primary and secondary me-tabolites of the plant.

3. Course materials:Text booksa. Pharmacognosy by G.E. Trease & W.C.Evans.b. Pharmacognosy by C.K.Kokate,Gokhale & A.C.Purohit.

Reference booksa. Pharmacognosy by Brady &Tyler.E.b. Pharmacognosy by T.E.Wallis.c. Pharmacognosy by C.S. Shah & Qadery.d. Pharmacognosy by M.A. Iyengar.

4. Lecture wise programme:Topics1 Introduction.2 Definition, history and scope of Pharmacognosy.3 Classification of crude drugs.4 Cultivation, collection, processing and storage of crude

drugs.5 Detailed method of cultivation of crude drugs.6 Study of cell wall constituents and cell inclusions.7 Microscopical and powder Microscopical study of crude

drugs.8 Study of natural pesticides.9 Detailed study of various cell constituents.10 Carbohydrates and related products.11 Detailed study carbohydrates containing drugs.(11 drugs)12 Definition sources, method extraction, chemistry and method

of analysis of lipids.13 Detailed study of oils.14 Definition, classification, chemistry and method of analysis

of protein.15 Study of plants fibers used in surgical dressings and related

products.16 Different methods of adulteration of crude drugs.

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2.3 PHARMACOGNOSY & PHYTOPHARMACEUTICALS(PRACTICAL)

Practical : 3 Hrs./WeekGeneral Requirements: Laboratory Napkin, Observation

Book 150 pages Zero brush, Needle, Blade, Match box.

List of experiments:1 Introduction of Pharmacognosy laboratory and experiments.2 Study of cell wall constituents and cell inclusions.3 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Datura.4 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Senna.5 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Cassia.cinnamon.6 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Cinchona.7 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Ephedra.8 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Quassia.9 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Clove10 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Fennel.11 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Coriander.12 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Isapgol.13 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Nux vomica.14 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Rauwolfia.15 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Liquorice.16 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Ginger.17 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Podophyllum.18 Determination of Iodine value.19 Determination of Saponification value and unsaponifiable matter.20 Determination of ester value.21 Determination of Acid value.22 Chemical tests for Acacia.23 Chemical tests for Tragacanth.24 Chemical tests for Agar.25 Chemical tests for Starch.26 Chemical tests for Lipids.(castor oil,sesame oil, shark liver oil,bees

wax)27 Chemical tests for Gelatin.


Identification 04 10Synopsis 04 10Major Experiment 07 20Minor Experiment 03 15Viva 02 15Max Marks 20 70Duration 03hrs 04hrs

Note : Total sessional marks is 30 (20 for practical sessional plus10 marks for regularity, promptness, viva-voce and recordmaintenance.

2.4 PHARMACOLOGY I (THEORY)

Theory : 3 Hrs. /Week1. Scope of the Subject: This subject will provide an opportunity for

the student to learn about the drug with regard to classification,pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic aspects, adverse effects,uses, dose, route of administration, precautions, contraindicationsand interaction with other drugs. In this subject, apart from gen-eral pharmacology, drugs acting on autonomic nervous system,cardiovascular system, central nervous system, blood and bloodforming agents and renal system will be taught. In addition totheoretical knowledge, the basic practical knowledge relevant totherapeutics will be imparted.

2. Objectives of the Subject : Upon completion of the subject stu-dent shall be able to (Know, do, appreciate) a. understand the pharmacological aspects of drugs falling

under the above mentioned chapters;b. handle and carry out the animal experiments;c. appreciate the importance of pharmacology subject as a ba-

sis of therapeutics; andd. correlate and apply the knowledge therapeutically.

Text books (Theory) (Author, Title, Edition, Publication Place, Publisher, Year of Publication)

a. Tripathi, K. D. Essentials of medical pharmacology. 4th Ed,1999. Publisher: Jaypee, Delhi.

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b. Satoskar, R.S. and Bhadarkar, S.D. Pharmacology and phar-macotherapeutics. 16th edition (single volume), 1999. Pub-lisher: Popular, Dubai.

c. Rang, H.P. & Dale, M.M. Pharmacology. 4th edition, 1999.Publisher: Churchill Living stone.

Reference books (Theory)(Author, Title, Edition, Publication Place, Publisher, Publication Year)

a. Goodman Gilman, A., Rall, T.W., Nies, A.I.S. and Taylor, P.Goodman and Gilmans The pharmacological Basis of thera-peutics. 9th Ed, 1996. Publisher Mc Graw Hill, Pergamon press.

b. Craig, C.R.&Stitzel, R.E. Modern Pharmacology. Latest edi-tion. Publisher: Little Brown.Co

c. Katzung, B.G. Basic and clinical pharmacology. Latest edi-tion. Publisher: Prentice Hall, Int.

d. Shargel and Leon. Applied Biopharmaceutics and pharma-cokinetics. Latest edition. Publisher: Prentice Hall, London.

Text books (Practical) :Kulkarni, S. K. and Dandia, P. C. Hand book of experimentalpharmacology. Latest edition, Publisher: Vallab, Delhi.

Reference books (Practical)a. Macleod, L.J. Pharmacological experiments on intact

preparations. Latest edition, Publisher: Churchill livingstone.b. Macleod, L.J. Pharmacological experiments on isolated

preparations. Latest edition, Publisher: Churchill livingstone.c. Ghosh, M.N. Fundamentals of experimental pharmacology.

Latest edition, Publisher: Scientific book agency, Kolkata.d. Ian Kitchen. Textbook of in vitro practical pharmacology.

Latest edition, Publisher: Black well Scientific.

3. Detailed syllabus and lecture wise schedule :Title of the topic

1. General Pharmacologya) Introduction, definitions and scope of pharmacologyb) Routes of administration of drugsc) Pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution,

metabolism and excretion)d) Pharmacodynamicse) Factors modifying drug effects

f) Drug toxicity - Acute, sub- acute and chronic toxicity.g) Pre-clinical evaluationsh) Drug interactions

Note: The term Pharmacology used here refers to theclassification, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics,pharmacodynamics, adverse effects, contraindications,Therapeutic uses, interactions and dose and route ofadministration.

2. Pharmacology of drugs acting on ANSa) Adrenergic and antiadrenergic drugsb) Cholinergic and anticholinergic drugsc) Neuromuscular blockersd) Mydriactics and mioticse) Drugs used in myasthenia gravisf) Drugs used in Parkinsonism

3. Pharmacology of drugs acting on cardiovascular systema) Antihypertensivesb) Anti-anginal drugsc) Anti-arrhythmic drugsd) Drugs used for therapy of Congestive Heart Failuree) Drugs used for hyperlipidaemias

4. Pharmacology of drugs acting on Central Nervous Systema) General anestheticsb) Sedatives and hypnoticsc) Anticonvulsantsd) Analgesic and anti-inflammatory agentse) Psychotropic drugsf) Alcohol and methyl alcoholg) CNS stimulants and cognition enhancersh) Pharmacology of local anaesthetics

5. Pharmacology of Drugs acting on Respiratory tracta) Bronchodilatorsb) Mucolyticsc) Expectorantsd) Antitussivese) NasalDecongestants

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6. Pharmacology of Hormones and Hormone antagonistsa) Thyroid and Antithyroid drugsb) Insulin, Insulin analogues and oral hypoglycemic

agentsc) Sex hormones and oral contraceptivesd) Oxytocin and other stimulants and relaxants

7. Pharmacology of autocoids and their antagonistsa) Histamines and Antihistaminicsb) 5-Hydroxytryptamine and its antagonistsc) Lipid derived autocoids and platelet activating factor

2.5 COMMUNITY PHARMACY (THEORY)


1. Scope: In the changing scenario of pharmacy practice in India,Community Pharmacists are expected to offer various pharmaceu-tical care services. In order to meet this demand, students will belearning various skills such as dispensing of drugs, responding tominor ailments by providing suitable safe medication, patient coun-selling, health screening services for improved patient care in thecommunity set up.

2. Objectives: Upon completion of the course, the student shall beable to a. know pharmaceutical care services;b. know the business and professional practice management

skills in community pharmacies;c. do patient counselling & provide health screening services

to public in community pharmacy;d. respond to minor ailments and provide appropriate medica-

tion;e. show empathy and sympathy to patients; andf. appreciate the concept of Rational drug therapy.

Text Books:a. Health Education and Community Pharmacy by N.S.Parmar.b. WHO consultative group report.c. Drug store & Business management by Mohammed Ali &

Jyoti.

Reference books:a. Handbook of pharmacy health care.Edt. Robin J Harman.

The Pharmaceutical press.b. Comprehensive Pharmacy Review Edt. Leon Shargel.

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Special requirements:1. Either the college is having model community pharmacy (meet-

ing the schedule N requirement) or sign MoU with at least 4-5 community pharmacies nearby to the college for trainingthe students on dispensing and counselling activities.

2. Special equipments like B.P apparatus, Glucometer, Peak flowmeter, and apparatus for cholesterol estimation.

3. Scheme of evaluation (80 Marks)1. Synopsis 102. Major Experiment 30

(Counselling of patients with specific diseases emphasisshould be given on Counsellingintroduction, content, process and conclusion)

3. Minor Experiment(Ability to measure B.P/ CBG / Lungfunction) 15

4. Prescription Analysis (Analyzing the prescriptions forprobable drug interactionand ability to tell the management) 15

5. Viva Voce 104. Lecture wise programme :

Topics1 Definition, scope, of community pharmacy

Roles and responsibilities of Community pharmacist2 Community Pharmacy Management

a) Selection of site, Space layout, and designb) Staff, Materials- coding, stockingc) Legal requirementsd) Maintenance of various registerse) Use of Computers: Business and health care soft wares

3 Prescriptions parts of prescription, legality & identification ofmedication related problems like drug interactions.

4 Inventory control in community pharmacyDefinition, various methods of Inventory Control ABC, VED, EOQ, Lead time, safety stock

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5 Pharmaceutical careDefinition and Principles of Pharmaceutical care.

6 Patient counsellingDefinition, outcomes, various stages, barriers, Strategies toovercome barriers

Patient information leaflets- content, design, & layouts, advisorylabels

7 Patient medication adherenceDefinition, Factors affecting medication adherence, role ofpharmacist in improving the adherence.

8 Health screening servicesDefinition, importance, methods for screening Blood pressure/blood sugar/ lung function and Cholesterol testing

9 OTC Medication- Definition, OTC medication list & Counselling10 Health Education

WHO Definition of health, and health promotion, care for children,pregnant & breast feeding women, and geriatric patients.Commonly occurring Communicable Diseases, causative agents,Clinical presentations and prevention of communicable diseases Tuberculosis, Hepatitis, Typhoid, Amoebiasis, Malaria, Leprosy,Syphilis, Gonorrhea and AIDSBalance diet, and treatment & prevention of deficiency disordersFamily planning role of pharmacist

11 Responding to symptoms of minor ailmentsRelevant pathophysiology, common drug therapy to, Pain, GIdisturbances (Nausea, Vomiting, Dyspepsia, diarrhea,constipation), Pyrexia, Opthalmic symptoms, worms infestations.

12 Essential Drugs concept and Rational Drug TherapyRole of community pharmacist

13 Code of ethics for community pharmacists

2.6 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS - I (THEORY)


1. Scope of the Subject: This course is designed to impart knowl-edge and skills necessary for contribution to quality use of medi-cines. Chapters dealt cover briefly pathophysiology and mostlytherapeutics of various diseases. This will enable the student tounderstand the pathophysiology of common diseases and theirmanagement.

2. Objectives: At completion of this subject it is expected that stu-dents will be able to understand a. the pathophysiology of selected disease states and the ra-

tionale for drug therapy;b. the therapeutic approach to management of these diseases;c. the controversies in drug therapy;d. the importance of preparation of individualised therapeutic

plans based on diagnosis;e. needs to identify the patient-specific parameters relevant in

initiating drug therapy, and monitoring therapy (includingalternatives, time-course of clinical and laboratory indices oftherapeutic response and adverse effects);

f. describe the pathophysiology of selected disease states andexplain the rationale for drug therapy;

g. summarise the therapeutic approach to management of thesediseases including reference to the latest available evidence;

h. discuss the controversies in drug therapy;i. discuss the preparation of individualised therapeutic plans

based on diagnosis; andj. identify the patient-specific parameters relevant in initiating

drug therapy, and monitoring therapy (including alternatives,time-course of clinical and laboratory indices of therapeuticresponse and adverse effects).

Text Booksa. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics - Roger and Walker,

Churchill Livingstone publication.b. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic approach - Joseph T.

Dipiro et al. Appleton & Lange.

Reference Booksa. Pathologic basis of disease - Robins SL, W.B.Saunders pub-

lication.b. Pathology and therapeutics for Pharmacists: A Basis for Clini-

cal Pharmacy Practice - Green and Harris, Chapman and Hallpublication.

c. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics - Eric T. Herfindal, Will-iams and Wilkins Publication.

d. Applied Therapeutics:The clinical Use of Drugs. Lloyd Youngand Koda-Kimble MA

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e. Averys Drug Treatment, 4th Edn, 1997, Adis InternationalLimited.

f. Relevant review articles from recent medical and pharmaceu-tical literature.

3. Detailed syllabus and lecture wise schedule :Etiopathogenesis and pharmacotherapy of diseases associatedwith following systems/ diseasesTitle of the topic1 Cardiovascular system: Hypertension, Congestive cardiac

failure, Angina Pectoris, Myocardial infarction, ,Hyperlipidaemias , Electrophysiology of heart andArrhythmias

2 Respiratory system : Introduction to Pulmonary functiontest, Asthma, Chronic obstructive airways disease, Drug in-duced pulmonary diseases

Endocrine system : Diabetes, Thyroid diseases, Oral contraceptives, Hormone replacement therapy, Osteoporosis

3 General prescribing guidelines fora. Paediatric patientsb. Geriatric patientsc. Pregnancy and breast feeding

4 Ophthalmology: Glaucoma, Conjunctivitis- viral & bacterial5 Introduction to rational drug use

Definition, Role of pharmacist Essential drug concept Ratio-nal drug formulations

2.6 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS - I (PRACTICAL)


Practicals :Hospital postings in various departments designed to

complement the lectures by providing practical clinical discussion;attending ward rounds; follow up the progress and changes made indrug therapy in allotted patients; case presentation upon discharge.Students are required to maintain a record of cases presented and thesame should be submitted at the end of the course for evaluation. Aminimum of 20 cases should be presented and recorded covering mostcommon diseases.

Assignments :Students are required to submit written assignments on the topicsgiven to them. Topics allotted should cover recent developments indrug therapy of various diseases. A minimum of THREE assignments[1500 2000 words] should be submitted for evaluation.

Format of the assignment:1. Minimum & Maximum number of pages.2. Reference(s) shall be included at the end.3. Assignment can be a combined presentation at the end of the

academic year.4. It shall be computer draft copy.5. Name and signature of the student.6. Time allocated for presentation may be 8+2 Min.


Synopsis 05 15Major Experiment 10 25Minor Experiment 03 15Viva 02 15Max Marks 20 70Duration 03hrs 04hrs

Note : Total sessional marks is 30 (20 for practical sessional plus 10marks for regularity, promptness, viva-voce and recordmaintenance).

SYLLABUS PRESCRIBED FOR THIRD YEAR PHARM.D.(DOCTOR OF PHARMACY) EXAMINATIONS

(TO BE IMPLEMENTED FROM THE ACADEMIC SESSION 2013-14)

3.1 PHARMACOLOGY II (THEORY)


1. Scope of the Subject: This subject will provide an opportunity forthe student to learn about the drug with regard to classification,pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic aspects, adverse effects,uses, dose, route of administration, precautions, contraindications

55 56

and interaction with other drugs. In this subject, drugs acting onautacoids, respiratory system, GIT, immune system and hormones,and pharmacology of autocoids and hormones will beconcentrated. In addition, pharmacology of chemotherapeuticagents, vitamines, essential minerals and principles of toxicologyare also taught. In

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