NHM SINH VIN THC HIN Trng nhm : Vn T}n SHSV 20092332 ng Trung Kin SHSV 20091500 Nguyn Hu Ton SHSV 20092764 ng Th Hng SHSV 20091009 Ging Vin hng dn:Tin s PHM NGC NAM LI NI U Li u tin chng em xin gi li cm n n thy gio Phm Ngc Nam cng anh V Hu Tip SV lp KSTN DTVTK52 ~ hng dn chng em ho{n th{nh ti ny. Trong bi cnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha hin nay,cc h thng my mc ngy cng phi hot ng vi cng sut ln v thi gian vn hnh di, iu ny lm ny sinh ra tng v mt h thng lm mt c tc dng gip h thng chnh tr|nh xa c nhng mi nguy hi do nhit cao to nn. T nhng kin thc c ging dy ,s my m tm hiu cng vi s gip nhit tnh t pha thy gio ,chng em ~ i s}u vo thc hin t{i Thit k v trin khai h thng iu khin qut thng minh (Smart Fan),mc d }y ch l mt ti nh nhng l{ n cng l{ tin thn cho cc h thng lm mt hin i c s dng hin nay v{ trong tng lai . Trong qu trnh thc hin t{i,d ~ c gng ht sc song khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st nht nh.Rt mong nhn c s ng gp ch}n th{nh t pha thy c gio v cc bn sn phm ca chng em c th c hon thnh 1 cch xut sc nht. Chng em xin chn thnh cm n.

CHNG 1. M T TNG QUAN H THNG SMART FAN 1.1. Gii thiu chung Qut thng minh c thit k vi mc ch l{m m|t cho c|c h thng lm vic vi cng cao,lu di .Trong thc t Qut thng minh ng dng kh rng ri c th p dng cho cc h thng nh : H thng my mc trong cng nghip H thng my tnh ng c t Cc l phn ng ht nhn H thng lm mt cc ta nh cao tng H thng cn m bo mt s yu cu cc chc nng iu khin qut c bn, tc ca qut ph thuc vo nhit mi trng, c chc nng t thi gian biu cho qut hot ng. 1.2. Cc yu cu thc hin 1.2.1 Yu cu chc nng 1.2.1.1 iu khin qut - H thng s c chc nng o nhit v t lch lm vic .Khi nhit ca h thng cao hn mc cho php (mc cho php trong khong t 40 n 60 ) hoc n gi hot ng theo thi gian biu , mch iu khin s iu khin bt qut . - Tc qut ca h thng s quay nhanh hay chm ty thuc vo mi trng xung quanh.Qut s quay cng nhanh nu nhit cng tng, c th: qut s hot ng theo 3 mc ( t thp n cao): Mc 1: Khi qut bt u quay Mc 2: Khi nhit ca h thng ln hn nhit cho php 15 (v d khi mc cho php trong khong 40 n 60 th khi nhit l 75 th qut bt u chy mc 2) Mc 3: Khi nhit ca h thng ln hn nhit cho php 25 Sau khi h thng t c nhit l tng (nhit lc ny vo khong 50 ) , qut s t ng ngt . - Khi mt in, cc thng s iu khin s vn c lu khi c in, h thng vn hot ng bnh thng.

1.2.1.2 o nhit ca h thng: - Smart fan s c kh nng o c nhit ca h thng.Nhit ca h thng c o trong khong 0 n 99 vi sai s khng qu 5 . 1.2.1.3 Hin th - H thng cn 1 LCD 16 2 hin th cc thng tin ngi dng c th thay i cc thng s - Nhit c hin th trn 2 led 7 thanh c gi tr trong khong t 00 n 99 ngi dng c th quan st h thng t xa - Khi h thng trng thi nhit vt mc cho php , mch iu khin s bt led bo hiu v lc ny qut bt u chy. 1.2.1.4 iu chnh cc thng s ca h thng - Giao din trn LCD c iu chnh qua 5 nt bm : mode, up, ok, set, reset. Thng s ang iu chnh s c hin th trn mn hnh LCD di dng text ng thi mn hnh LCD cng pht sng. - Trong qu trnh hot ng, mn hnh LCD s pht sng, chn thng s cn iu chnh ta n mode chuyn n thng s lin k n. Cc thng s c sp xp ln lt: Giy=>Pht=>Gi=>Ng{y=>Th|ng=>Nm . Khi ta mun iu chnh thng s no th ta dng mn hnh thng s ri dng nt up thay i cc thng s theo mong mun. Khi iu chnh xong thng s ny,ta bm nt ok lu thng s. Bn cnh ,cng c th bm nt reset thay i gi tr ca thng s v gi tr mc nh ban u. - Cc thng s iu chnh theo kiu quay vng: mi thng s c khong nht nh t nh nht n cao nht, khi chnh n gi tr cao nht m ngi dng nhn nt up mt ln na th thng s quay v gi tr nh nht. Cc khong gi tr thng s: Khong iu chnh gi:00 n 23 Khong iu chnh pht:00 n 59 Khong iu chnh gi}y:00 n 59 Khong iu chnh ng{y :00 n 31 Khong iu chnh th|ng:00 n 12 Khon iu chnh nm:00 n 99 1.2.2 Cc yu cu phi chc nng: - Sn phm c thit k c chi ph khng c vt qu 600 000 VND. - Thi gian tr hin th nhit khng c vt qu 2 giy.

- Thi gian hon thnh sn phm: chm nht l tun 15 - Kch thc ca mch khng vt qu 1 - Cng sut tiu th ca qut khng vt qu 40W - Yu cu v phn mm: Chng trnh bin dch dng trong ti: MPLAB IDE v8.10 tr ln ca Microchip, hoc CCS C Compilers v4.1 ca CCS. Phn mm np i km mch np: Pickit2 cho mch np USB, WinPic cho cc mch np qua cng com. Chng trnh m phng dng trong ti: Proteus v7.6 tr ln. Chng trnh v mch v{ layout dng trong ti: Orcad v9.2. - Yu cu v phn cng : Vi iu khin dng cho t{i l{ vi iu khin PIC16F877A, dng thch anh c tn s 20Mhz. LCD dng trong ti l loi LCD 1602 c n m{n hnh. LED n dng trong ti l loi 3.5 mm trong sut. LED 7 thanh dng trong ti l loi c chiu cao 0.56. Mch ngun v mch iu khin c thit k trn cng mt bo mch. u vo mch ngun dng connector 6.5mm dnh cho Adapter thng dng. Trn mch ngun cn c led b|o c in v chuyn mch ng ngt in. Adapter dng cp in loi 12V DC- 1.5A. C v nha bo v bn ngoi. 1.3. S khi tng quan

Thi gian thc

Ngun

Cm bin nhit

LCD

PIC 16F877A

LED 7 thanh

Nt Bm

LED bo hiu

ng c

4. K hoch thc hin: Tun 1: Nhm s xy dng s tng quan ca h thng bao gm c|c c t v chc nng hot ng ca h thng,c lng v chi ph thc hin ,thi gian hon thnh v cc ri ro c th xy ra Tun 2,3,4,5:Nghin cu datasheet ca pic 16f877a,hc cch s dng cc phn mm nh proteus,orcad,pic C complier thng qua c|c b{i tp c nhn c giao Tun 6,7 :Tm hiu v cch hin th nhit t cm bin trn cc led 7 thanh,cch hin th thi gian thc trn LCD 1602 v{ iu chnh thi gian s dng nt bm Tun 8: V schemactic trn orcad cc khi thc thi phc v cho vic v layout Tun 9: La chn cc linh kin ti u ng thi sa li s khi nu c ph|t sinh thay i Tun 10:V layout hon chnh ca sn phm phc v cho vic t mch in

Tun 11: i t mch theo layout ~ v cng ty c Vit H,kim tra li c|c ng i d}y sau khi nhn li mch Tun 12:Mua linh kin ng thi tin hnh lp rp th trn bo mch trng, tp hn linh kin trc khi gn vo mch tht Tun 13:Tin hnh hn linh kin trn mch tht,theo di v kim tra li CHNG 2. CU TO V CHC NNG CA H THNG 2.1 S khi tng quan

5V 1 R4 4.7k SCL 5V BT1 3V 1 2 6 3 8 X1 X2 SCL VBAT VCCGND

U1 5 7 SDA R3 4.7k J1 1 2 5V 3 1GND 4

LM7805 VO 3

5V

Y2 32.768k

U4

DS1307 SDA SQW/OUT

VI

D247uF/50V

U5 LM35 VS+GND

D1 C11000uF/50V

104

2

3

+ -

LED C3 C4 104 R1 1k

5V

1

C2

VOUT

2

ADC

4

0 0

0

0

2

THOI GIAN THUCU3 RESET U10 LCD ADC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 15 16 17 18 23 24 25 26 13 Y1 MCLR*/VPP

NGUON

CAM BIEN NHIET DO5V

LCDVSS VDD VEE RS RW E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A K

RA0/AN0 RA1/AN1 RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF RA3/AN3/VREF+ RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT RA5/AN4/SS*/C2OUT RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 RC2/CCP1 RC3/SCK/SCL RC4/SDI/SDA RC5/SDO RC6/TX/CK RC7/RX/DT OSC1/CLKIN

RB0/INT RB1 RB2 RB3/PGM RB4 RB5 RB6/PGC RB7/PGD RD0/PSP0 RD1/PSP1 RD2/PSP2 RD3/PSP3 RD4/PSP4 RD5/PSP5 RD6/PSP6 RD7/PSP7

33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 19 20 21 22 27 28 29 30 8 9 10 11 32

B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 E RS RW D4 D5 D6 D7 E0 E1 E2

R13 C0 560

Q2 C1 2N3904 R11 3303 8

R14 560

Q1 2N3904 R12 330

R65V VEE RS RW E

VEE

D4 D5 D6 D7

0R5 330 5V

0 0

C6 33p

U11 B0 7 B1 6 a B2 4 b B3 2 c B4 1 d B5 9 e B6 10 f 5 g p LED7SEG

U12 B0 7 B1 6 a B2 4 b B3 2 c B4 1 d B5 9 e B6 10 f 5 g p LED7SEG

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

A* ANODE

LCD0

14 C7 33p 12 31

RE0/RD*/AN5 RE1/WR*/AN6 RE2/CS*/AN7 OSC2/CLKOUT VSS VSS PIC16F877A VDD VDD

5V

LED 7 THANH

E0 D3 5V R2 4.7k RESET MODE MOD 5V INC INC 5V OK OK 5V DEC 5V LED

E1 D4 LED

E2 MOTOR DC D5 LED 2 1

Q3 B7 R15 560 R17 560 R18 560 CCP1 IRF610 R16 10k 1 2

RESET R7 4.7k

R8 4.7k

R9 4.7k

R10 4.7k

0 0

0

0 0

nguon cho dong co

0

0

0

0

NUT BAM

LED BAO HIEU

DONG CO

H thng qut c thit k gm c 10 khi chnh : Khi 1: khi iu khin chnh

A* ANODE

3 8

5V

C0 C1 CCP1 SCL SDA OK INC MOD

J3

Khi 2: khi ngun Khi 3: khi cm bin nhit Khi 4: khi ng h thi gian thc Khi 5: khi hin th nhit trn led 7 thanh Khi 6: khi hin th thi gian thc trn LCD Khi 7: khi nt bm iu khin chc nng Khi 8: led bo hiu Khi 9: khi ng c Khi 10:khi mch np 2.2 . Phn tch tng khi 2.2.1. Khi iu khin chnh 2.2.1.2. S nguyn l

U3 RESET ADC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 15 16 17 18 23 24 25 26 13 Y1 14 C7 33p 12 31 OSC2/CLKOUT VSS VSS PIC16F877A VDD VDD 11 32 5V MCLR*/VPP RA0/AN0 RA1/AN1 RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF RA3/AN3/VREF+ RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT RA5/AN4/SS*/C2OUT RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 RC2/CCP1 RC3/SCK/SCL RC4/SDI/SDA RC5/SDO RC6/TX/CK RC7/RX/DT OSC1/CLKIN RE0/RD*/AN5 RE1/WR*/AN6 RE2/CS*/AN7 RB0/INT RB1 RB2 RB3/PGM RB4 RB5 RB6/PGC RB7/PGD RD0/PSP0 RD1/PSP1 RD2/PSP2 RD3/PSP3 RD4/PSP4 RD5/PSP5 RD6/PSP6 RD7/PSP7 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 19 20 21 22 27 28 29 30 8 9 10 B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 E RS RW D4 D5 D6 D7 E0 E1 E2

C0 C1 CCP1 SCL SDA OK INC MOD C6 33p

0

-Vi iu khin c chn l pic16f877a do }y l{ loi pic kh ph bin v d tip cn i vi ngi mi hc pic,hn na loi pic ny nm trong yu cu bt buc ca ti 2.2.1.2. Cu to: - PIC 16F877A l dng PIC ph bin nht hin nay ( mnh v tnh nng, 40 chn, b nh cho hu ht cc ng dng thng thng). Cu trc tng qut ca PIC 16F877A nh sau: - 8 K Flash ROM. - 368 Bytes RAM. - 256 Bytes EEPROM. - 5 ports (A, B, C, D, E) vo ra vi tn hiu iu khin c lp. - 2 b nh thi 8 bits (Timer 0 v Timer 2). - Mt b nh thi 16 bits (Timer 1) c th hot ng trong ch tit kim nng lng (SLEEP MODE) vi ngun xung Clock ngoi. - 2 b CCP( Capture / Compare/ PWM). - 1 b bin i AD 10 bits, 8 ng vo. - 2 b so s|nh tng t (Compartor). - 1 b nh thi gim st (WatchDog Timer). - Mt cng song song 8 bits vi cc tn hiu iu khin. - Mt cng ni tip. - 15 ngun ngt. - C ch tit kim nng lng. - Np chng trnh bng cng ni tip ICSP(In-Circuit Serial Programming) - c ch to bng cng ngh CMOS - 35 tp lnh c di 14 bits. - Tn s hot ng ti a 20MHz. 2.2.1.3. Chc nng: - iu khin tt c cc hot ng ca h thng

2.2.2 Khi ngun 2.2.2.1. S nguyn lU1 14 GND

LM7805 VO 3

5V

VI

D247uF/50V

D1 C11000uF/50V

+

1 2

3

1

104

2

J1

LED C3 C4 104 R1 1k

C2

2

0

NGUON- m bo in p cp cho pic l 5v, ta s s dng mt mch ngun 12v-5v 2.2.2.2 Cu to Gm 4 khi nh: Mch chnh lu cu:C tc dng chnh lu dng xoay chiu thnh dng 1 chiu Mch lc ngun:gip cho in p c lc tng i phng n p LM7805:To in p c nh 5V u ra Mch bo v

2.2.2.3 Chc nng: - Cp ngun 1 chiu 5v cho pic 16F877A,u ra ca khi n{y c ni vo chn VDD ca PIC 2.2.3 Khi cm bin nhit

2.2.3.1 S nguyn l

U5 5V 1 VS+

LM35

GND

VOUT

2

ADC

3

0

CAM BIEN NHIET DO- Cm bin c chn }y l{ cm bin LM35 do : Gi thnh r,d ch to,tnh chng nhiu tt,mch x l n gin. C th o nhit vi thang o nhit bch phn Kh nng o nhit trong khong -55 n 150 C Ngun p hot ng t 4V 30V in |p u ra t -1V n 6V ph hp vi PIC 2.2.3.3 Cu to - LM35 l 1 h IC sn xut theo cng ngh bn dn da trn cc bn dn d b t|c ng bi s thay i ca nhit .LM35 c 3 chn:2 chn cp ngun v 1 chn xut in p ra t l vi nhit m{ n c t trong mi trng cn o,c khi no nhit tng 1C th in p xut ra chn out ca LM35 tng 10mV

2.2.3.2 Chc nng

- Cung cp tn hiu in p vo chn ADC ca pic,sau b ADC ca pic s thc hin chuyn i tng t thnh tn hiu s a ra led 7 on

2.2.4 Khi ng h thi gian thc5V Y 2 32.768k R4 4.7k SCL 5V BT1 3V 1 2 6 3 8 U4 X1 X2 SCL VBAT VCC DS1307 SDA SQW/OUT 5 7 SDA R3 4.7k

GND

5V

0

4

0

THOI GIAN THUC- Chip c s dng l loi DS1307 kh ph bin v gi thnh r 2.2.4.1 Cu to -Chip ny c 7 thanh ghi l:giy ,pht,gi,ng{y ,th|ng,nm.Ngo{i ra DS1307 cn c 1 thanh ghi iu khin ng ra ph v 56 thanh ghi trng c th dng nh Ram.DS1307 c c v ghi thng qua giao din ni tip I2C -Cc chn ca DS1307 c m t nh sau: X1 v X2 l 2 ng kt ni vi mt thch anh 32.768k l{m xung dao ng cho chip Vbat :Cc dng ca mt ngun 3V nui chip GND:chn Mass chung cho c pin 3V v VCC VCC:ngun cho giao din I2C,thng l 5V v dng chung vi vi iu khin SQW/OUT:1 ng to xung vung SCL v{ SDA l{ 2 ng giao xung nhp v d liu ca giao din I2C c ni vi 2 ch}n tng ng ca PIC

- DS1307 l 1 IC thi gian thc vi ngun cung cp nh,dng cp nht thi gian v ngy thng vi 56 bytes RAM.a ch v d liu c truyn ni tip qua 2 ng bus 2 chiu.N cung cp thng tin v gi,pht ,giy,th,ngy ,th|ng,nm.Ng{y cui thng s c iu chnh vi cc thng nh hn 31 ngy,bao gm c vic t ng nhy nm.ng h c th hot ng dng 24h v 12h vi ch th AM/PM.DS1307 c 1 mch cm bin in p c th t ng o in p li v t ng ngt vi ngun cung cp - DS1307 hot ng vi vai tr slave trn ng bus ni tip.Vic truy cp c thi hnh vi ch th START v mt m thit b nht nh c cung cp bi a ch cc thanh ghi, tip theo c|c thanh ghi.Tip theo c|c thanh ghi s c truy cp lin tc n khi ch th STOP c thc thi. S KHI DS1307

S a ch RAM v RTC:

Thng tin v thi gian v{ ng{y th|ng c ly ra bng c|ch c cc byte thanh ghi thch hp,thi gian v{ ng{y th|ng c thit lp cng thng qua cc byte thanh ghi ny bng cch vit v{o nhng gi tr thch hp,ni dung ca cc thanh ghi di dng m BCD.Bit 7 ca thanh ghi seconds l{ bit clock halt(CH),khi bit n{y c thit lp 1 th dao ng disable,khi n c xa v 0 th dao ng c enable.Ch l phi enable trong sut qu trnh cu hnh thit lp (CH=0).Thanh ghi thi gian thc c m t nh sau

DS1307 c th chy ch 24h cng nh 12h.Bit th 6 ca thanh ghi hours l bit chn ch 12h hoc 24h.Khi bit ny mc cao th ch 12h c chn. ch 12h th bit 5 l bit AM/PM vi mc cao l PM. ch 24h th bit 5 l bit ch 20h(t 20h n 23h). Trong qu| trnh truy nhp d liu,khi ch th start c thc thi th dng thi gian c truyn n mt thanh ghi th 2,trong khi thi gian s c c t thanh ghi th cp n{y, trong khi ng h vn tip tc chy - Trong DS1307 c mt thanh ghi iu khin iu khin hot ng ca chn SQW/OUT

OUT(output control):bit n{y iu khin mc ra ca chn SQL/OUT khi u ra xung vung l disable.Nu SQWE = 0 th mc logic chn SQW/OUT s l 1 nu OUT =1 v bng 0 nu OUT = 0

SQWE(square wave enable):bit n{y c thit lp 1 s enable u ra ca b to dao ng.Tn s ca u ra sng xung vung ph thuc vo gi tr ca RS1 v RS0

2.2.4.2 Chc nng - Cung cp tn hiu v thi gian hin ti cho pic x l hin th trn LCD 2.2.5 Khi hin th nhit trn LED 7 thanh5V

R13 C0 560

Q2 C1 2N3904 R11 3303 8

R14 560

Q1 2N3904 R12 330

U11 B0 7 B1 6 a B2 4 b B3 2 c B4 1 d B5 9 e B6 10 f 5 g p LED7SEG

U12 B0 7 B1 6 a B2 4 b B3 2 c B4 1 d B5 9 e B6 10 f 5 g p LED7SEG

A* ANODE

HIEN THI NHIET DO-Led n c la chn l loi 3.5mm loi trong sut theo yu cu ca ti 2.2.5.1 Cu to

A* ANODE

3 8

- Led 7 on c cu to bao gm 7 led n c dng thanh xp theo hnh v c thm mt led n hnh trn nh th hin du chm trn gc di, bn phi ca led 7 on.

- 8 led n trn led 7 on c Anode(cc +) c ni chung vi nhau vo mt im, c a ch}n ra ngo{i kt ni vi mch in. 8 cc cn li trn mi led n c a th{nh 8 ch}n ring, cng c a ra ngo{i kt ni vi mch in. Led 7 on c Anode(cc +) chung, u chung n{y c ni vi +Vcc, cc chn cn li dng iu khin trng thi sng tt ca c|c led n, led ch sng khi tn hiu t vo cc chn ny mc 0. C|c in tr 330 l{ c|c in tr bn ngo{i c kt ni gii hn dng in qua led nu led 7 on c ni vi ngun 5V. - Chn nhn tn hiu a iu khin led a sng tt, ng v{o b iu khin led b. Tng t vi cc chn v cc led cn li.Ng nhn tn hiu iu khin ca led 7 on c 8 ng, v vy c th dng 1 Port n{o ca Vi iu khin iu

khin led 7 on( }y ta dng port B ca Pic).Do trong qu trnh thit k,nhit c hin th ch cn dng s nguyn nn led th 8(led p) s khng cn dng n Bng m hin th led 7 on d{nh cho led 7 on c Anode chung (c|c led n sng mc 0):

S hin th trn M hin th led 7 on M hin th led 7 on led 7 on dng nh phn dng thp lc phn hgfedcba 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A 11000000 11111001 10100100 10110000 10011001 10010010 11000010 11111000 10000000 10010000 10001000 C0 F9 A4 B0 99 92 82 F8 80 90 88

B C D E F -

10000011 11000110 10100001 10000110 10001110 10111111

83 C6 A1 86 8E BF

2.2.5.2 Phng ph|p thc hin -Nu kt ni mi mt Port ca Vi iu khin vi 1 led 7 on th ti a kt ni c 3 led 7 on. Mt khc nu kt ni nh trn s hn ch kh nng thc hin cc cng vic khc ca Vi iu khin. Cho nn cn phi kt ni, iu khin nhiu led 7 on vi s lng chn iu khin t Vi iu khin cng t cng tt. C hai gii php: mt l s dng cc IC chuyn dng cho vic hin th led 7 on, hai l kt ni nhiu led 7 on vo cng mt ng xut tn hiu hin th. Ni phn ny s cp n cch kt ni nhiu led 7 on theo gii php th 2 -Mt ngi c c im sinh l l ch thu nhn 24 hnh/gi}y tng hp cc hnh nh v th gii xung quanh. Nu mt tn hiu nh sng c chu k sng tt hn 24 ln trong 1 giy, mt ngi lun cm nhn l{ mt ngun sng lin tc - kt ni nhiu led 7 on v{o vi iu khin thc hin nh sau: ni tt c cc chn nhn tn hiu ca tt c c|c led 7 on (chn abcdefgh) cn s dng vo cng 1 Port, trong trng hp ny, 2 led 7 on c cc chn nhn tn hiu cng c c ni vi Port B. Dng c|c ng ra C0,C1 iu khin on/off cho led 7 on, mi ng ra iu khin ON/OFF cho 1 led 7 on,(ON: led 7 on c cp ngun hin th, OFF: led 7 on b ngt ngun nn khng hin th c). -Trong s trn, led 7 on c s dng l loi c Anode chung, vi tt c cc chn nhn tn hiu c kt ni ~ qua in tr hn dng. iu khin ON/OFF cho c|c led 7 on, s dng transitor loi PNP, transitor ny nhn dng iu khin t mt ng ra ca Vi iu khin, led 7 on s c ON khi tn hiu t vi iu khin n transitor mc 0. C th s transitor loi A564 hoc

2N3905 hoc mt transitor PNP khc c thng s ph hp,trong trng hp ny ta chn transitor 2N3905. C|c in tr 4.7K v{ in tr treo 4.7K m bo transitor lun hot ng ch ngt/dn(m bo khi led 7 on ang trng thi OFF s b tt hon ton, khng b sng m m) - Ti mi thi im, ch nn cho Vi iu khin iu khin cho 1 led 7 on hot ng, do ti mi thi im ch nn c 1 ng ra duy nht ni vi transitor mc 0. Ti mi thi im ch c mt led 7 on c ON nn s khng xy ra tnh trng qu ti cho ti v qu ti cho vi iu khin khi iu khin nhiu led 7 on - Trong s kt ni trn, chng hn cn hin th s 45, qui c th t cc led 7 c m t tri sang phi,nh vy cn l{m cho led 7 on th nht hin th s 4, led 7 on th hai hin th s 5. Xut m hin th led 7 on hin th s 4, ON led 7 on th nht, lc n{y dng in ch i qua led 7 on th nht, l{m cho led 7 on th nht hin th s 4, thi gian ON trong khong vi chc s(1s=1/10-6s). K tip xut m hin th led 7 on hin th s 5, OFF led 7 on th nht v{ ng thi ON led 7 on th 2, lc ny ch c led 7 on th hai hin th v hin th s 5.C th lp li qu trnh trn lin tc, thi gian ON/OFF ch trong khong vi chc s, v ti mi thi im ch c mi mt led 7 on hin th s ca chnh n, v vy mt ngi thy 2 led 7 on khng sng t qung, m sng lin tc, mi led hin th 1 s ring ca n. Ta c th thc hin tng t m rng s lng led 7 on cn s dng. 2.2.5.3 Chc nng - Hin th nhit o c t mi trng do vi x l x l t d liu ca LM35 2.6 Khi hin th thi gian thc LCDU10 LCD

LCDVSS VDD VEE RS RW E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A K 5V VEE RS RW E 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16R6 VEE

5V

D4 D5 D6 D7

0R5 330 5V

0 0

LCD

-S dng LCD 16.2 theo yu cu ca ti 2.6.1 Cu to -LCD l loi c 2 dng v hin th ti a 16 k t - VSS ni t,VDD ni ngun 5V,VEE ni vi mt bin tr c ngun iu khin tng phn trn LCD - Chn chn thanh ghi RS(Register Select):C 2 thanh ghi trong LCD,chn RS c dng chn thanh ghi,nh sau: Nu RS = 0 ch ghi lnh nh xa m{n hnh,bt tt con tr Nu RS = 1 ch ghi d liu nh hin th k t,ch s ln mn hnh. - Ch}n c/ghi (R/W) :u v{o c/ghi cho php ngi dng ghi thng tin ln LCD khi R/W =0 hoc c thng tin khi R/W = 1 - Ch}n cho php E(Enable):Ch}n cho php E c s dng bi LCD cht d liu.Khi d liu c n chn d liu th cn phi c 1 xung t mc cao xung mc thp ch}n n{y LCD cht d liu,xung ny phi c rng xung ti thiu l 450ns - 2 chn led nn A v K ln lt c ni vi ngun 5V v{ t gip LCD c th sang trong bong ti - C|c ch}n D0,D1,D2,D3 khng c s dng n,d liu c hin th t chn D4,D5,D6,D7 ca PIC, hin th cc ch ci v cc con s chng ta gi cc m ASCII ca cc ch ci v cc con s tng ng n cc chn ny khi bt RS =1 Bng m lnh trong LCD 16X2

2.6.2 Chc nng -Hin th thi gian a v{o d liu t ng h thi gian thc c x l ti PIC 2.7 Khi nt bm5V R2 4.7k RESET MODE MOD 5V INC INC 5V OK OK 5V DEC B7 5V

RESET R7 4.7k

R8 4.7k

R9 4.7k

R10 4.7k

0

0

0

0

0

DIEU KHIEN2.7.1 Cu to: Gm 5 nt bm c 1 u c ni vi ngun 5V ni tip qua 1 in tr 4.7k, 1 u c ni vi t,mi nt bm c ni vi chn ca vi iu khin tng ng 2.7.2 Chc nng Nt Mode:chn thng s cn thay i Nt INC:Tng tr s ca thng s ~ chn ln 1 n v Nt DEC:Gim tr s ca thng s ~ chn i 1 n v Nt OK: thit lp trng thi va thay i Nt Reset: a m{n hnh ca LCD tr v trng th|i khi cha thay i thng s

2.8 Khi led bo hiuE0 D3 LED E1 D4 LED E2 D5 LED

R15 560

R17 560

R18 560

0

0

0

LED BAO2.8.1 Cu to Gm c led bo hiu , cc led 1 u c ln lt ni vi cc chn RE0,RE1,RE2 ca vi iu khin,u cn la c ni vi t 2.8.2 Chc nng - Led 1 bo hiu vi x l ang c d liu - Led 2 bo hiu vi x l ang ghi d liu - Led 3 l tn hiu thng bo vi x l ang hot ng