定语从句语法讲解

大河中学 唐燕

关系代词的实质：Jion the two sentences:

A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.

A plane is a machine, which/that can fly.

The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.

The girl that/ who/ whom we saw yesterday is Mary.

Correct the mistakes

1.Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two.

2. My mother has a good book,

which cover looks terrible.

3. This is the very pen that you gave it

to me before.

4. There is an old woman, that is holding

a stick.

whom

whose \

who

1.that 与 which(1) 先行词是 everything, nothing, anythi

ng, something, much, little, none 等不定代词，引导定语从句用 that

1.Nothing ______ can be done has been done.

2.Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand ?

that

that

（ 2 ）先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用 that 。1.This is the best TV _______ is mad

e in China.

2.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum.

that

that

（ 3 ）先行词被 any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时 , 引导定语从句用 that 。I’ve read all the books ________

you lent me.

that

（ 4 ）先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用 that .

1.The famous writer and his works _____ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.

2.A victim is a person, animal or thing ______ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.

that

that

（ 5 ） Who 做先行词时，引导定语从句用 that

1.Who _______ you have ever seen can do it better ?

that

（ 1 ）在介词后面，指事物用 which ，指人用 whom

1.Her bag ,in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.

2.This is the ring on ________ she spent 1000 dollars.

3.Xiao Wang ,with ________ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.

which

which

whom

（ 2 ）非限制性定语从句中指物用which

The book , __________ you lent to me yesterday is missing.

which

２ . 如何判断介词1 ）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配This is the book_____ which you asked.

The old man whom I am looking after is bett

er . ( 注意：动词短语不能拆开• 即介词不能提前 )

for

2 ）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配

He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar.

with

3 ）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配

This is our classroom , _______________ which there is a teacher’s desk.

in the front of

3. Whose 的使用

The river _________ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.

表示所属关系whose

There are in this class 20 students, ______ are different.

A. whose backgrounds

B. the backgrounds of whom

C. of whom the backgrounds

D. the backgrounds of whose

4 .as 的使用(1) 定语从句在句首时只能用 as, as 具有正

如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的The earth is round,___ we all know.

___ is known to all, the earth is round

___ is known to all that the earth is round.

as

As

It

(2) 先行词被 the same ,such ,so 修饰时用 as

This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.

This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.

as

as

比较： This is such an interesting book ____we all like it.This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.

that

that

This is the same book as I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。

This is the same book that I lost.这本书就是我丢的那本。

5 when, where, why 与 that,　 which 的区分

１） I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met in the park.

２） I’ll never forget the time _______________

I spent with you.

３） I’ll never forget the time _____________ was spent with you.

４） This is the museum _______________I visited last year .

when

which\that\ 省略which\that

which\that\ 省略

This is the reason __________ 　　　　　 ( = for which ) I didn’t come here.

The reason __________ she gave was not true.

why

which/that/ 省略

6 定语从句中的动词的数：关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词

He is the only one in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise

He is one of the students in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise

has

have

Correct the sentences:

1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.

2. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.

3. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never forget.

∧ to

that/which

4. I’m going to work in the hospital where needs me.

5. Those that haven’t been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.

which

who

Correct the sentences:

• 6.This is the last time when I’ve given you lessons.

• 7. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.

that

why

Correct the sentences:

8. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.

gives

Correct the sentences:

9. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.

10.The bike by which I travelled was his.

as

on

Correct the sentences: