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Transcript of 00034___612bf97c8ac1a96b0a7a1c7f4e0df70f
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7/28/2019 00034___612bf97c8ac1a96b0a7a1c7f4e0df70f
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12 INTRODUCTION
This requirement in turn led Husserl to develop the methodological
technique of the phenomenological reduction, first detailed in five introduc-tory lectures to a course on the perception of material things in space.1 9
Reminiscent of the universal Car tesian doubt, it is nevertheless different
therefrom. Whereas the distinguishing characteristic of Cartesian doubt is that
it annuls the positing of an objects existence or the validity of a judgment,
the distinguishing characteristic of the phenomenological reduction is that it
refuses to understand this annulment as the opposite of the positing of the
existence of objects and the general validity of experience that characterizes
our natural experiencea positing Husserl calls the general thesis of the
natural attitude (Hua 3, 30 ). The pheno meno logical reduction, in otherwords, is not the negation of the general positing characteristic of our ordinary
experience. The content is not negated, but our affirmation is withheld. In the
performance of the phenomenolo gic al reduction, we attempt to call the
universal positing characteristic of ordinary experience into question, to hold
it reflectively before ourselves as a positing whose validity is to be examined.
Our participation in the affirmation characteristic of ordinary experience is
suspe nde d, and the objectivities given in experience are not lost to our
reflection but are instead considered only as presumed existents. They remain
available for reflection just insofar as they are ex perienced; the index
attaching to them, however, has changed, and their status as objects of
experience has been modified so that they are now viewed exclusively in their
being as objects of that experience in which they are posited. It is not,
therefo re, as it was for Descartes, the object that is disconnected in the
performance of the reduction; it is the philo sophers participation in the
positings that characterize the ordinary experiences of the natural attitude. The
reduction is a change in attitude that leads our attention back to the subjective
achievements in which the object as experienced is disclosed in a determinatemanner and to the achievements in which we realize the evidence appropriate
to confirming or disconfirming our natural experiences. These achievements
have a certain kind o f priori ty ov er the o bject that the y disclose in a
determinate manner, and the investigation of them reveals how it is that we
come to experience the objects in those determinate manners; how our
different experiences are related to one another; and, therefore, how the
different kinds and levels of objectivity are related; and, finally, how our
experience confirms or disconfirms in fulfilling intentions what was merely
emptily intended or mistakenly intended.The fact that I can be certaineven having performed the reductionthat
an object appears to me in a determinate manner opens the door to a critique
of knowledge focused on the intentional correlation between the act of
experience ( the experiencing) and the o bject just as experienced. This
discussion of the reduction connects with the earlier discussion of meaning