完形方法真独特( 二 )

Leo

【重点导航】 

1. 明确完形填空题的特点 ; 2. 了解完形填空题考查的主要内容 ; 3. 掌握完形填空题的解题技巧。

【课程精讲】

完形： 集词语辨析、词的用法以及搭配、语

法、单句理解、语篇理解的考查为一体；扎实的基础知识，较强的分析理解、逻辑推断能力及语感。

【命题原则】 从近几年全国高考的完形填空来看，从语义搭配、结构搭配、惯用搭配及逻辑知识等方面来测试学生词汇的掌握及运用。而且有些词的选择必须在理解整篇文章的基础上才能作出正确的判断。

1. 长度，生词，难度。2. 首句 , 设空，人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。3. 词、词组。干扰性、迷惑性。4. 实词为主，虚词为辅。5. 文章的整体理解和词汇的意义把握；结合常识、逻辑关系。

 

提示：

试题类型（一）词汇题：单纯地考单词或短语的意思： 1. There can be no question about the value of a safety

program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety

____.

A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up

2. They are needed for ____ food into energy and body

maintenance.

A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D.transforming

3. With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle

____ of flying into space and returning many times.

A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit

（二）语法题： 语法结构题，主要是考查结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。 Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may

make _______ difficult for the listener to

understand the message which is being

transmitted to him.

A. that B. it C. so D. this

（三）语篇题： 上下文决定设空处所选择的词。这一考点要求根据文章的整体内容进行理解 , 根据层次结构和内容的逻辑关系 , 去选择符合文章情节的答案 , 这也叫情景意义的选择。 Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the

body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many

people ____ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take

extra vitamins.

A. nevertheless B. therefore C. moreover D. meanwhile

【解题原则】

1. 整体浏览 抓住主题 做题前，先要浏览，了解大意，掌握主题，

留心关键词，了解短文说什么，发生的时间、地点、文章的目的、作者的观点与态度等。

Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood.

But according to Dr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland

University, parents should not 61 （ give ） up reading to

their children 62 （ after ） they enter primary school.

She says listening to, reading and discussing the stories help

children’s 63 （ development ） .

从上述短文我们可以看出，“_________________________________________”是该

短文的主题句，下文内容都是围绕这个主题展开的。

2. 再读全篇 试填答案 读第二遍，对容易题不必纠缠，马上就

填。没把握的题，先试填，再查看，及时更正，促进信心。

Chinese scientists are again becoming excited about the fact that a large

hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it won’t be too long

before they are able to 1 its existence. Their confidence is the 2 of a new

discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.

Ten Chinese 3 , enjoying a holiday in a National Forest Park, were

driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly 4

by what they saw. Three 5 animals, covered with long dark hair, were

crossing the road. On seeing the animals, the engineers immediately stopped

and 6 them. 7 , when they saw how the animals moved through the forest

with great speed and strength, they did not dare to follow any further.

1. A. prove B. analyze C. protect D. check

2. A. basis B. requirement C. result D. preparation

3. A. travelers B. engineers C. scientists D. explorers

4. A. frightened B. amazed C. upset D. inspired

5. A. trained B. rejected C. tall D. violent

6. A. shot at B. looked at C. fought with D. ran after

7. A. However B. Indeed C. Meanwhile D. Anyway

3. 瞻前顾后 寻找关联

完形特点：基于语篇的理解，四选最佳。

Have you ever regretted doing something you shouldn’t have done or something you

didn’t do which you should have? At one time or another we probably all have. There’s no 1 （ point ） in getting depressed about it now― it’s no 2 （ use ） crying over spilt （溢出的） milk. However, there may be some gain in thinking about exactly what happened and why 3 （ because ） we might be able to draw some conclusions for the future.

One thing we all do now and again is to lose our 4 with a friend or close relative. The odd thing is that we more often display great 5 towards someone we are fond of than towards 6 . The explanation may be that we see friends and relatives as a kind of safety net, an opportunity to 7 （ let off ） a bit of steam in a safe environment, while the consequences （后果） of 8 a stranger could be far more serious.

Being honest is usually thought of as a virtue （美德） and undoubtedly this is the case. On the other hand, we have all experienced occasions when we have spoken our minds to someone, telling them exactly what we feel, and then have found ourselves filled with feelings of guilt. Perhaps we should have kept our mouths shut?

1. A. reason B. purpose C. point D. result 2. A. use B. help C. value D. benefit 3. A. so B. because C. but D. though 4. A. mind B. memory C. manner D. temper 5. A. anger B. interest C. love D. respect 6. A. strangers B. friends C. relatives D. colleagues 7. A. run through B. throw away C. give up D. let off 8. A. inviting B. insulting C. speaking to D. believing in

4. 完形完义 立足全局

做完形填空有两个程序： 一是完形（选择选项，然后填补空白）； 二是完义（阅读短文，然后理解短文）。 完形必须服从完义，单句必须服从段落，段落必须服从全文，局部必须服从全局。

Many people find that regular physical activity gives them an unexpected benefit. They sleep

better and wake up feeling more 1 , in part due to increased amounts of deep sleep. Deep sleep

may play a role in the body restoring itself 2 , as opposed to REM （ rapid eye movement ） or

dreaming sleep. Researchers have found that physical exercise, especially 3 in the afternoon or

early evening, produces more 4 early in the night. 5 can also help you get a better night’s sleep

in a number of indirect ways. The relaxation and tiredness 6 （ caused ） by exercise can

improve sleep.

Exercise encourages weight loss and also may 7 （ relieve ） depression. Exercising later in

the day can also help delay the 8 （ nighttime ） drop in your body’s temperature. The 9 of

exercise are especially important for older people, 10 （ since ） exercise has been shown to

increase the amount of sleep senior adults get in a night and reduce the time it takes to fall asleep.

But be sure you finish exercising at least 4 hours before bedtime——working out later than that

could leave you too excited to fall asleep easily.

1. A. conscious B. peaceful C. effective D. refreshed

2. A. physically B. mentally C. emotionally D. regularly

3. A. made B. done C. functioned D. conducted

4.A. night’s sleep B. dreaming sleep C. deep sleep D. REM

5. A. Exercise B. Dreams C. Researchers D. Doctors

6. A. recovered B. strengthened C. caused D. reduced

7. A. increase B. relieve C. release D. arouse

8. A. nighttime B. daytime C. dinnertime D. lifetime

9. A. disadvantages B. benefits C. ways D. places

10. A. yet B. if C. when D. since

Many people find that regular physical activity gives them an unexpected

benefit. They sleep better and wake up feeling more 1 , in part due to

increased amounts of deep sleep. Deep sleep may play a role in the body

restoring itself 2 , as opposed to REM （ rapid eye movement ） or

dreaming sleep. Researchers have found that physical exercise, especially 3

in the afternoon or early evening, produces more 4 early in the night. 5

can also help you get a better night’s sleep in a number of indirect ways. The

relaxation and tiredness 6 （ caused ） by exercise can improve sleep.

1. A. conscious B. peaceful C. effective D. refreshed

2. A. physically B. mentally C. emotionally D. regularly

3. A. made B. done C. functioned D.

conducted

4.A. night’s sleep B. dreaming sleep C. deep sleep D. REM

5. A. Exercise B. Dreams C. Researchers D. Doctors

6. A. recovered B. strengthened C. caused D. reduced

Exercise encourages weight loss and also may 7

（ relieve ） depression. Exercising later in the day can also help

delay the 8 （ nighttime ） drop in your body’s temperature.

The 9 of exercise are especially important for older people, 10

（ since ） exercise has been shown to increase the amount of

sleep senior adults get in a night and reduce the time it takes to

fall asleep. But be sure you finish exercising at least 4 hours

before bedtime——working out later than that could leave you

too excited to fall asleep easily.

7. A. increase B. relieve C. release D. arouse

8. A. nighttime B. daytime C. dinnertime D. lifetime

9. A. disadvantages B. benefits C. ways D. places

10. A. yet B. if C. when D.

since

5.复读全文 验证答案 “完形”后，再读全文，看“完

义”否，理解准确否，情节发展合理否，上下文符合逻辑否，完形答案能使全文贯通流畅否。

【解题方法】

（一）前后呼应法 做题时，始终抓文章，联系“双语境”，

先大语境——全文中心和基调，后小语境——

空格前后句子所构成的语境；再根据前有伏笔后有呼应的思路来做题。

（二） But转折法

在完形填空题中， but 一词前后通常会设题。文中一出现 but ，应该马上想到前后语意有转折，只要知道其中一方的语意，就可以推出另一方的意思。遇到类似 but 的词，如：however, nevertheless, whereas,

yet 等时也可以同样处理，以便于从文中找到解题的依据。

In the depths of my memory, many things I did with my father still live. These things come to represent, in fact, what I call 21 and love. I don’t remember my father ever getting into a swimming tool. But he did 22 the water. Any kind of 23 ride seemed to give him pleasure. 24 he loved to fish; sometimes he took me along. But I never really liked being on the water, the way my father did. I liked being 25 the water, moving through it, 26 it all around me. I was not a strong 27 , or one who learned to swim early, for I had my 28 . But I loved being in the swimming pool close to my father’s office and 29 those summer days with my father, who 30 come by on a break. I needed him to see what I could do. My father would stand there in his suit, the 31 person not in swimsuit. After swimming, I would go 32 his office and sit on the wooden chair in front of his big desk, where he let me 33 anything I found in his top desk drawer. Sometimes, if I was left alone at his desk 34 he worked in the lab, an assistant or a student might come in and tell me perhaps I shouldn’t be playing with his 35 . But my father always 36 and said easily, “Oh, no, it’s 37 .” Sometimes he handed me coins and told me to get 38 an ice cream… A poet once said, “We look at life once, in childhood; the rest is 39 .” And I think it is not only what we “look at once, in childhood” that determines our memories, but 40 , in that childhood, look at us.

21. A. desire B. joy C. anger D. worry 22. A. avoid B. refuse C. praise D. love 23. A. boat B. bus C. train D. bike 24. A. But B. Then C. And D. Still 25. A. on B. off C. by D. in 26. A. having B. leaving C. making D. getting 27. A. swimmer B. rider C. walker D. runner 28. A. hopes B. faiths C. rights D. fears 29. A. spending B. saving C. wasting D. ruining 30. A. should B. would C. had to D. ought to 31. A. next B. only C. other D. last 32. A. away from B. out of C. by D. inside 33. A. put up B. break down C. play with D. work out 34. A. the moment B. the first time C. while D. before 35. A. fishing net B. office things C. wooden chair D. lab equipment 36. A. stood up B. set out C. showed up D. turned out 37. A. fine B. strange C. terrible D. funny 38. A. the student B. the assistant C. myself D. himself 39. A. memory B. wealth C. experience D. practice 40. A. which B. who C. what D. whose

In the depths of my memory, many things I did with my father

still live. These things come to represent, in fact, what I call 1

and love.

I don’t remember my father ever getting into a swimming tool.

But he did 2 the water. Any kind of 3 ride seemed to give him

pleasure. 4 he loved to fish; sometimes he took me along.

1. A. desire B. joy C. anger D. worry

2. A. avoid B. refuse C. praise D. love

3. A. boat B. bus C. train D. bike

4. A. But B. Then C. And D. Still

But I never really liked being on the water, the way my father

did. I liked being 5 the water, moving through it, 6 it all

around me. I was not a strong 7 , or one who learned to swim

early, for I had my 8 . But I loved being in the swimming pool

close to my father’s office and 9 those summer days with my

father, who 10 come by on a break. I needed him to see what I

could do. My father would stand there in his suit, the 11 person

not in swimsuit. 5. A. on B. off C. by D. in

6. A. having B. leaving C. making D. getting

7. A. swimmer B. rider C. walker D. runner

8. A. hopes B. faiths C. rights D. fears

9. A. spending B. saving C. wasting D. ruining

10. A. should B. would C. had to D. ought to

11. A. next B. only C. other D. last

After swimming, I would go 12 his office and sit on the wooden chair

in front of his big desk, where he let me 13 anything I found in his top

desk drawer. Sometimes, if I was left alone at his desk 14 he worked in

the lab, an assistant or a student might come in and tell me perhaps I

shouldn’t be playing with his 15 . But my father always 16 and said

easily, “Oh, no, it’s 17 .” Sometimes he handed me coins and told me to

get 18 an ice cream…

A poet once said, “We look at life once, in childhood; the rest is 19 .”

And I think it is not only what we “look at once, in childhood” that

determines our memories, but 20 , in that childhood, look at us. 12. A. away from B. out of C. by D. inside 13. A. put up B. break down C. play with D. work out 14. A. the moment B. the first time C. while D. before 15. A. fishing net B. office things C. wooden chair D. lab equipment 16. A. stood up B. set out C. showed up D. turned out 17. A. fine B. strange C. terrible D. funny 18. A. the student B. the assistant C. myself D. himself 19. A. memory B. wealth C. experience D. practice 20. A. which B. who C. what D. whose

（三）绝对矛盾法 从选项着手分析，选项中有两个是绝对矛盾和对

立的，正确项大多在对立项间产生，二者必居其一。究竟是哪个，需要根据语境来判断。 Most computers have a memory （存储器） .

They can work millions of times 3 than man. That

means information can be put in 4 and be taken out

any time when needed.

第 3 题：A. slow B. slower C. fast D. faster

又如： The Great Wall, one of the greatest wonders of the

world, was enlisted in the World Heritage in 1987.

Just 1 a dragon, it winds its way from east to west

of China. With a history of more than 2000 years,

some sections are now in ruins or even entirely 2 . 第 2 题：A. appeared B. missed C. went D. disappeared

（四）同义复现法 同义复现是英语中常见的一种现象。为强调某一意思，但又不想重复使用某个词或短语。在完形填空题中，同义词或同义短语的位置多半比较靠近，很容易找到，所以同义复现法是很好的解题技巧。无须过多的推理，只需确定是哪里使用了同义复现，然后从选项中找出与之相符合的一项即可。

That night he wrote a seven-page paper

describing his 1 of someday owning a horse

ranch. He wrote his dream in great detail and

2 drew a diagram of a 200-acre ranch 3 the

location of everything important there.

第 1 题：A. mind B. chance C. goal D. design

I was worried and I sank in my thoughts. I didn’t

even 1 that the coffee was bad, 2 Steven didn’t

notice there was a person next to him.

第 1 题：A. pretend B. understand C. insist D. realize

第 2 题：A. as if B. just as C. just after D. even though

Tears clouded my eyes as I stood in our washing room, holding Brett’s jeans and shirt full of burn holes.

Tired and defeated, I 1 to the floor. The clothes were just one more thing Brett had 2 . He often got almost everything in the house out of 3 . Many windows in our house needed repair due to his breaking 4 to steal money when he chose to live on the street. Yet none of this could compare to the emotional 5 Brett had done to our once quiet home.

Brett came to live with us when he was 12 years old. During the next few years I had dealt with Brett as 6 as possible, but inside I was shouting. “I don’t want him in my house another day, Lord! I just can’t 7 him!” Having wiped my tears, I continued 8 him as before.

When Brett was nearly 18, he landed again in Juvenile Hall (少管所 ).

After that, my husband and I had to send Brett to a boarding school for helping 9 teens.At the 10 ceremony, each graduate held a white rose to give to the person who had 11

the most to him or her.Brett spoke 12 to his parents and then spoke to me, “You did so much. You were always

there, no matter 13 . My mom and dad, I was their kid. But you, 14 troubled enough by me, always 15 me such love. And I want you to know I love you for it.”

16 , I stood as Brett placed the white rose in my hand and hugged me 17 .At that moment, tears 18 in my eyes again, this time not for disappointment but for 19 .

Although I had struggled with silent 20 toward my stepson, Brett had seen only my actions. Love is action. We may not always have positive feelings about certain people in our lives, but we can love them.

6. A. patiently B. willingly C. strictly D. rudely7. A. forgive B. educate C. stand D. control8. A. parenting B. pardoning C. comforting D. feeding9. A. lazy B. troublesome C. disappointing D. careless10. A. opening B. official C. victory D. graduation11. A. afforded B. meant C. supplied D. owed12. A. lovingly B. sadly C. proudly D. nervously13. A. where B. how C. what D. who14. A. unless B. although C. because D. when15. A. cost B. lent C. taught D. showed16. A. Astonished B. Puzzled C. Encouraged D. Interested17. A. surely B. roughly C. tightly D. fiercely18. A. fell B. flowed C. moved D. gathered19. A. pity B. happiness C. luck D. success20. A. love B. anxiety C. anger D. care

1. A. sat B. sank C. bent D. dropped2. A. ruined B. lost C. torn D. broken3. A. danger B. place C. trouble D. order4. A. off B. in C. up D. away5. A. pain B. injury C. damage D. wound

Tears clouded my eyes as I stood in our washing room, holding

Brett’s jeans and shirt full of burn holes.

Tired and defeated, I 1 to the floor. The clothes were just

one more thing Brett had 2 . He often got almost everything in

the house out of 3 . Many windows in our house needed repair

due to his breaking 4 to steal money when he chose to live on

the street. Yet none of this could compare to the emotional 5

Brett had done to our once quiet home. 1. A. sat B. sank C. bent D. dropped

2. A. ruined B. lost C. torn D. broken

3. A. danger B. place C. trouble D. order

4. A. off B. in C. up D. away

5. A. pain B. injury C. damage D. wound

Brett came to live with us when he was 12 years old. During the next

few years I had dealt with Brett as 6 as possible, but inside I was

shouting. “I don’t want him in my house another day, Lord! I just can’t

7 him!” Having wiped my tears, I continued 8 him as before.

When Brett was nearly 18, he landed again in Juvenile Hall (少管所 ).

After that, my husband and I had to send Brett to a boarding school

for helping 9 teens.

At the 10 ceremony, each graduate held a white rose to give to

the person who had 11 the most to him or her.

6. A. patiently B. willingly C. strictly D. rudely

7. A. forgive B. educate C. stand D. control

8. A. parenting B. pardoning C. comforting D. feeding

9. A. lazy B. troublesome C. disappointing D. careless

10. A. opening B. official C. victory D. graduation

11. A. afforded B. meant C. supplied D. owed

Brett spoke 12 to his parents and then spoke to me,

“You did so much. You were always there, no matter

13 . My mom and dad, I was their kid. But you, 14

troubled enough by me, always 15 me such love. And

I want you to know I love you for it.”

16 , I stood as Brett placed the white rose in my

hand and hugged me 17 . 12. A. lovingly B. sadly C. proudly D. nervously

13. A. where B. how C. what D. who

14. A. unless B. although C. because D. when

15. A. cost B. lent C. taught D. showed

16. A. Astonished B. Puzzled C. Encouraged D. Interested

17. A. surely B. roughly C. tightly D. fiercely

At that moment, tears 18 in my eyes again, this

time not for disappointment but for 19 . Although I

had struggled with silent 20 toward my stepson,

Brett had seen only my actions. Love is action. We may

not always have positive feelings about certain people

in our lives, but we can love them.

18. A. fell B. flowed C. moved D. gathered

19. A. pity B. happiness C. luck D. success

20. A. love B. anxiety C. anger D. care

【总结提升】1. 理解主旨大意； 2. 寻读具体信息； 3. 理解细节； 4. 根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义， 进而加深对文段的理解； 5.简单的判断和推理； 6. 理解文段的基本逻辑结构； 7. 理解作者的意图和态度； 8. 理解文段的文化信息。