¬-In- hm-bp-...tam-£-Øn-s≥-d- am¿-Kw tam-£-Øn-s≥-d- am¿-Kw- Cu- tem-IØn-s\m-cp-...

$: ¬-In- hm-bp-...tam-£-Øn-s≥-d- am¿-Kw tam-£-Øn-s≥-d- am¿-Kw- Cu- tem-IØn-s\m-cp- {kjv-Sm-hp-≠v ˛Po-h≥- \¬-In- hm-bp-hpw- sh≈hpw- ku-Icy-s∏Sp-Øn- `q-an-sb Po-hn$
tam-£-Øn-s≥-d- am¿-Kw tam-£-Øn-s≥-d- am¿-Kw-

Cu- tem-IØn-s\m-cp- kjv-Sm-hp-≠v ˛Po-h≥- \¬-In- hm-bp-

hpw- sh≈hpw- ku-Icy-s∏Sp-Øn- `q-an-sb Po-hn-Xtbm-Ky-am-

°n-b ]caIm-cp-Wn-I\m-b kjv-Sm-hv- \mw- Chn-sS Fßs\

Po-hn-°Wsa∂pw- Cu- Po-hn-XØn-s≥-d ]cae£yw-

Fs¥∂pw- Zq-X∑m¿- ap-tJ\ kjv-Sm-hv- \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-®p.- \Ωp-

sS Po-hn-XØn-s≥-d IW°v- acWtijw- \mw- kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-

d ap-ºn¬- t_m-[n-∏n-t°≠n-hcpw.- A∂v- ]p-Wyw- sNbv-Xh\v-

\∑bpw- ]m-]w- sNbv-Xh\v- Xn-∑bpw- ]Xn- ew- In- pw.- AXn-

\m¬- kjv-Sm-hv- Xs≥-d Zq-Xcn-eq-sS \¬-In-b \n¿-tZia\p-

kcn-®v- Po-hn-°p-Ibm-Wv- a\p-jy-s≥-d c£m-am¿-Kw.-

\Ωp-sS tem-I kjv-Sm-hv- \¬-In-b \n¿-tZi kw-ln-Xbm-Wv-

Jp¿-B≥.- ap-lΩZv- \_n-bn-eq-sS Ah≥- B ktµiw- a\p-

jy¿-s°Øn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp.- CXdn-™hcpw- Adn-bm-Øhcpw-

\ap-°n-Sbn¬- D≠v.- tem-Isc ap-gp-h≥- kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d

ktµiadn-bn-°¬- AXdn-™hcp-sS _m-[y-Xbm-Wv.- AXn-

\m-bn- cq-]o-Ir-Xam-b Hcp- ]kv-Ym-\am-Wv- ‘\n-®v- Hm-^v- Sq-Øv-

’.-Ckv-em-an-s\ ]cn-Nbs∏Sp-Øp-∂Xn-\p- th≠n-bp-≈ \n-®v-

Hm- v- Sq-Øn-s≥-d Ir-Xn-Ifn-sem-∂m-Wv- ‘tam-£Øn-s≥-d am¿-

Kw’. tIm-gn-t°m-Sv- ]t´¬- Xm-gØp-sh®p- \S∂ Hcp- h´taim-

ktΩf\Øn¬- Aap-kvenw- _p-≤n-Po-hn-Iƒ-°p- ap-∂n¬- Ckv-

em-an-s\ ]cn-Nbs∏Sp-Øn-s°m-≠v- \n-®v- Hm-^v- Sq-Øv- ]h¿-

ØI\m-b Fw.-Fw.- AIv-_¿- AhXcn-∏n-® ]_\v-[am-Wn-

Xv.-

CXv- ]kn-≤o-Icn-°p-hm-\m-hiy-am-b km-ºØn-I klm-bw-

\¬-In-bXv- tIm-gn-t°m-s´ Nn-e ktlmZc∑m-cmWv.- A√m-

lp- Ah¿-°v- X°Xm-b ]Xn-êw- \¬-Is´ (Bao≥-).-

\m-Ym-...- kXy-aX ktµi ]Nm-cWØn-\p- th≠n-bp-≈ hn-

\o-Xam-sbm-cp- kw-cw-àm-Wn-Xv.- \o- G¬-]n-® DØchm-Zn-

ØØn-s≥-d \n¿-hlWØn-\p-th≠n-bp-≈ Ffn-b iaw.-

CsXm-cp- ]Xn-êm¿-lam-b ]h¿-Ø\am-bn- kzo-Icn-

t°Wta (Bao≥).-

at©cn- 676 121 UbdIv-S¿-

00 00


Cu- tem-IØn-s\m-cp- kjv-Sm-hp-≠v ˛Po-h≥- \¬-In- hm-

bp-hpw- sh≈hpw- ku-Icy-s∏Sp-Øn- `q-an-sb Po-hn-Xtbm-Ky-

am-°n-b ]caIm-cp-Wn-I\m-b kjv-Sm-hv- ˛\mw- Chn-sS

Fßs\ Po-hn-°Wsa∂pw- Cu- Po-hn-XØn-s≥-d ]cae£yw-

Fs¥∂pw- Zq-X∑m¿- ap-tJ\ kjv-Sm-hv- \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-®p.- \Ωp-

sS Po-hn-XØn-s≥-d IW°v- acWtijw- \mw- kjv-Sm-hn-s≥d

ap-ºn¬- t_m-[n-∏n-t°≠n-hcpw.- A∂v- ]p-Wyw- sNbv-Xh\v-

\∑bpw- ]m-]w- sNbv-Xh\v- Xn-∑bpw- ]Xn- ew- In- pw.- AXn-

\m¬- kjv-Sm-hv- Xs≥-d Zq-Xcn-eq-sS \¬-In-b \n¿-tZia\p-

kcn-®v- Po-hn-°p-Ibm-Wv- a\p-jy-s≥-d c£m-am¿-Kw.-

\Ωp-sS tem-I kjv-Sm-hv- \¬-In-b \n¿-tZi kw-ln-Xbm-

Wv- Jp¿-B≥.- ap-lΩZv- \_n-bn-eq-sS Ah≥- B ktµiw-

a\p-jy¿-s°Øn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp.- CXdn-™hcpw- Adn-bm-

Øhcpw- \ap-°n-Sbn¬- D≠v.- tem-Isc ap-gp-h≥- kjv-Sm-hn-

s≥-d ktµiadn-bn-°¬- AXdn-™hcp-sS _m-[y-Xbm-Wv.-

AXn-\m-bn- cq-]o-Ir-Xam-b Hcp- ]kv-Ym-\am-Wv- ‘\n-®v- Hm-^v-

Sq-Øv-’.-Ckv-em-an-s\ ]cn-Nbs∏Sp-Øp-∂Xn-\p- th≠n-bp-≈ \n-

®v- Hm-^v- Sq-Øn-s≥-d Ir-Xn-Ifn-sem-∂m-Wv- ‘tam-£Øn-s≥-d

am¿-Kw’. tIm-gn-t°m-Sv- ]t´¬Xm-gØp-sh®p- \S∂ Hcp-

h´taim- ktΩf\Øn¬- Aap-kvenw- _p-≤n-Po-hn-Iƒ-°p- ap-

∂n¬- Ckv-em-an-s\ ]cn-Nbs∏Sp-Øn-s°m-≠v- \n-®v- Hm- v- Sq-

Øv- ]h¿-ØI\m-b Fw.-Fw.- AIv-_¿- AhXcn-∏n-®

]_\v-[am-Wn-Xv.-

]p-kv-X-I-Øn-s≥-d- A-©mw-- ]-Xn-∏m-Wn-Xv.- C-Xn-\-Iw-X-s∂-

Cw•o-jv,- X-an-gv,- I-∂-S m-j-I-fn¬- Cu- ]p-kv-X-Iw- ]-kn-≤o-

I-cn-°s∏-ń´p-≠v.- k-Xy-Zo-\n-s\- k-lm-bn-°p-∂-h¿-°v- A-√m-

lp- X°Xm-b ]Xn-êw- \¬-Is´ (Bao≥-).-

\m-Ym-...- kXy-aX ktµi ]Nm-cWØn-\p- th≠n-bp-≈

hn-\o-Xam-sbm-cp- kw-cw-àm-Wn-Xv.- \o- G¬-]n-® DØchm-Zn-

ØØn-s≥-d \n¿-hlWØn-\p-th≠n-bp-≈ Ffn-b iaw.-

CsXm-cp- ]Xn-êm¿-lam-b ]h¿-Ø\am-bn- kzo-Icn-

t°Wta (Bao≥).-

sIm-®n UbdIv-S¿-


Ip -td BKlßfp-≈hcm-Wv- \mw.- Cu- BKlßfp-sS ]q-

¿-Ø-o-IcWØ-n-\p-th≠n- \Ωsf√mw- ITn-\m-[zm-\w- sNbv-Xp- sIm-≠n-

cn-°p-∂p.- Hcp- BKlw- kêamIp-tºmƒ- ASp-Ø BKlw-

a\ n¬- ap-f s]m-´p-Ibm-bn.- CXv- a\p-jy-klPam-b Hcp- kz-`m-ham-

Wv.- Xs≥-d BiIfXbpw- ]q¿-Øo-Icn-°Wsa∂v- a\p-jy-\v- BKlap-

≠v.- BKl kêo-IcWØn-\p-th≠n- tNm-c \o-cm-°n- ]W-n-sbSp-Øp-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv a\p-jy¿.- Cu- A[zm-\ßƒ-°n-Sbn¬- \Ωsf√mw-

Hcp- Zn-hkw- Cu- Po-hn-XtØm-Sv- bm-X ]dbp-∂p.- acWw-! a\p-jy-Po-hn-

XØn-s≥-d A\n-hm-cy-am-b A¥y-am-WXv.- ar-Xyp--hn-s\ \n-b¥n-°p-hm-

\pw- A\iz-cX t\Sn-sbSp-°m-\pw- th≠n-bp-≈ a¿-Xy- ]cn-iaßsf√mw-

]cm-PbØn-em-Wv- Iem-in-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.- C√,- acWsØ \n-b¥n-°p-

hm≥- a\p-jy-\v- Ign-bn√.- P\n-®h¿- ap-gp-h≥- acn-°p-sa∂Xv- ]Ir-Xn-

bp-sS hn-[n-bm-Wv.- Xs≥-d CNv-OIƒ- ]q¿-Øo-Icn-°m≥- th≠n-bp-≈

Po-hn-X kacØn-s≥-d hn-b¿-∏p- Xp-≈n-Iƒ- s\‰n-bn¬- hln-®p-sIm-

≠m-Wv- a\p-jy¿- acWsØ ]p¬-Ip-∂Xv.- Xs≥-d BiIfXbpw- ]q¿-

Øo-Icn-°m≥- ]‰n-b co-Xn-bn-e√ a¿-Xy-Po-hn-Xw- kw-hn-[m-\n-°s∏ń-cn-

°p-∂-X-v.- \q-‰n- Ccp-]Xv- kw-h¬-kcam-Wv- B[p-\n-I a\p-jy-s≥-d ]cam-

h[n- Bbp-s ∂m-Wv- im-kv-XPv-R∑m¿- ]dbp∂Xv.- Cu- Bbp- n-\n-

Sbn¬- Xs≥-d BKlßsf√mw- ]q¿-Øo-Icn-°p-hm≥- km-[y-as√∂v-

a\ n-em-°p-∂ a¿-Xy-a\ v- Ah kêam-hp-∂ Hcp- tem-IsØ

BKln-°p-I kz-m- m-hn-Iam-Wv.- Cu- ]]©Øn-s≥-d kw-hn-[m-\w-Xs∂

Xs≥-d CNv-OIfp-sS ]q¿-W-am-b- ]q¿-Øo-IcWØn-\p- ]‰n-b co-Xn-bn-

ep-≈Xs√∂v- a\ n-em-°p-∂ a\p-jy≥- ]m-]©n-I Po-hn-XØn¬-\n-∂v-

hy-Xy-kv-Xam-b Hcp- Po-hn-XØn\pth≠n- Bin-°p-∂p.-

A\iz-cX°p-th≠n-bp-≈ BKlw- a\p-jym-kv-Xn-Xz-Øn-s≥-d kzm-

`m-hn-Iam-b tX´ßfn-sem-∂m-Wv.- Cu- ]]©Øn-te°v- ItÆm-Sn-°p-

∂ \mw- a\p-jy-Xp-ey-am-b Hcp- Akv-Xn-Xz-sØ Fhn-sSbpw- Im-Wp-∂n-

√.- ]]©Øn-se ]ctam-Øa kr-jv-Sn- a\p-jy-\m-Wv.- tIm-Sm-\p-tIm-Sn-

kw-h¬-kcßfm-bp-≈ ]]©Øn-s≥-d ]cn-Wm-aØn-\n-Sbn¬- a\p-jy-

s\∂ ]ctam¬-Ir-jv-S kr-jv-Sn- ]Xy-£o-`hn-®n-´v- GXm-\pw- klkm-

_v-Zßƒ- am-Xta Bbn- p-≈q.- q-an-bm-Iam-\w- H∂p- Ip-ep-ßn-bm¬- B

kr-jv-Sn-bp-sS Akv-Xn-Xzw- Ahkm-\n-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-∂p.- a\p-jy-ico-

cw- GtXXp- u-Xn-ILSIßƒ- tN¿-∂p-≠m-bXm-tWm- Ahbp-sSsb√mw-

hb v- tIm-Sm-\p-tIm-Sn- sIm-√w- \o-≠p-\n¬-°p-∂p.- \mw- Dbn-scSp-°p-

∂Xn-\p-ap-tº Ah Chn-sSbp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- \Ωp-sS acWØn-\p-

tijhpw- Ip-td h¿-jßƒ- Ah Chn-sS Ahtijn-°pw-.- F∂m¬- Cu-

]]©Øn-se k¿-thm¬-Ir-jv-Sam-b Akv-Xn-Xzw- GXm\pw- h¿-jßƒ-

am-Xw- Cu- q-an-bn¬- Po-hn°p-∂p.- ]cam-h[n- \q-‰n-bn-cp-]Xv- h¿-jßƒ-

am-Xw.- CXv- a\p-jy-_p-≤n- Aw-Ko-Icn-°p-∂n-√.- Xm≥- k¿-thm¬-Ir-jv-

S\m-sW∂p- ]dbs∏SWsa¶n¬- Cu- Po-hn-XØn-\p- ]p-dsa as‰m-cp-

Po-hn-Xw- thWsa∂v- a\p-jy≥- BKln-°p-∂p.-

\∑ sNøm≥- a\p-jy-\n¬- P∑\m-Xs∂ Hcp- hm-k\bp-≠v.- Xn-∑tbm-

Sv- Ah\v- shdp-∏m-Wv.- ]t£,- F¥m-Wv- \∑sb∂pw- F¥m-Wv- Xn-

∑sb∂pw- hy-Iv-Xam-bn- \n¿-hNn-°m≥- a\p-jy-\v- km-[n-°p-∂n-√.- Ah≥-

]Tn-®p-sh®n-´p-≈ Xn-∑ sNø-p-∂ hy-Iv-Xn-Ifn¬- ]ecpw- Cltem-IØv-

kp-Jku-Icy-ßf\p`hn-°p-∂Xm-bpw- \∑ sNøp-∂hcn¬- ]ecpw- Ijv-

Ss∏Sp-∂Xm-bpw- Im-Ws∏Sp-∂p.- \∑°pw- Xn-∑°pw- X°Xm-b ]Xn-

êw- \¬-Ip-hm≥- Cu- tem-IsØ bm-sXm-cp- kw-hn-[m-\Øn-\pw- Ign-

bn-s√∂Xm-Wv- hm-kv-Xhw.- kz-¥w- Po-hn-Xw- ap-gp-h≥- a\p-jy-tkh\Øn-

\p-th≠n- \o-°n-sh® ]e alØp-°ƒ-°pw- kaq-lw- \¬-In-b ]Xn-

êw- a¿-Z\ßfpw- ]o-U\ßfpw- A]am-\ßfp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂m-Wv-

Ncn-Xw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv.- Ahcn¬- ]ecp-sSbpw- tkh\ßsf°p-dn-®v-

5 6


kaq-lw- bYm¿-Yw- hen-bn-cp-Øp-∂Xp-Xs∂ Ahcp-sS acWØn-\p-

tijam-bn-cp-∂p.- At∏mƒ-]n-s∂ Ahcp-sS tkh\ßƒ-°pw- Xym-

Kßƒ-°pw- ]Xn-êw- \¬-Is∏Sp-∂ Hcp- thZn- Bhiy-an-t√?- CXn-s≥-

d adp-hiw- t\m-°p-I.- kaq-lßfp-sS Zp-c¥ßƒ-°v- \n-an-Øam-b ]h¿-

Ø\ßƒ- sNbv-Xv- Po-hn-®v,- AXn-\n-Sbn¬- kp-J]Zam-bn- ]´p-saØbn¬-

In-S∂v- Cltem-Ihm-kw- shSn-™hsc°p-dn-®pw- N-cn-Xw- [m-cm-fam-bn-

\ap-°v- ]d™p-Xcp-∂p-≠v.- Ah¿- sNbv-X Iq-cXIƒ- C∂pw- \sΩ

sRń-∏n-°phm≥- t]m-∂Xm-Wv.- ]t£,- ]kv-Xp-X Iq-cXIƒ- sNbv-Xv-

s]m- n-®n-cn-®v- BÀm-ZØn-an¿-∏n¬- aXn-ad∂v- Iq-Øm-Sn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xn-

∂n-Sbn-em-Wv- Ahcn¬- ]escbpw- acWw- ISm-£n-®Xv.- Ah¿-°v- Xßfp-

sS Iq-cXIƒ-°v- X°Xm-b in-£ sIm-Sp-°m≥- Ign-bp-∂n-s√¶n¬- ]n-

s∂ \-∑ sNøWsa∂pw- Xn-∑ shSn-bWsa∂pw- ]dbp-∂-X-n-s\¥p-

hn-e?- C\n- Ahsc in-£n-°m≥- Ign-™m¬- Xs∂ Ah¿- sNbv-X

Iq-cXIƒ-°v- Xp-ey-am-b in-£ \¬-Ip-hm≥- GXp- \o-Xn-\ym-b hy-hkv-

Y°m-Wv- Ign-bp-I?- Hcm-sf h[n-®h\pw- Bbn-cßsf sIm-s∂m-Sp-°n-

bh\pw- \Ωp-sS tIm-SXn-Iƒ-°v- \¬-Im≥- Ign-bp-∂ ]cam-h[n- in-£

h[in-£bm-Wt√m.- CsXßs\ \ym-bam-Ipw.- u-Xn-I \o-Xn-\ym-b tIm-

SXn-Iƒ-s°m-∂pw-Xs∂ \∑°pw- Xn-∑°pw- X°Xm-b ]Xn-êw -\¬-

Im≥- km-[y-as√∂v- a\ n-em-°p-tºmƒ- Ahbv-°v- XØp-ey-am-b ]Xn-

êw- \¬-Is∏Sp-∂ Hcp- thZn-°p-th≠n- a\p-jy-a\ v- BKln-°p-∂p.-

Cu- tem-IØn-se kw-hn-[m-\ßsfm-∂pw-Xs∂ ]kv-Xp-X thZn-°v- ]‰n-

bXs√∂p- a\ n-em-°p-tºmƒ- ]Xn-êthZn- Cu- Po-hn-XØn-em-bn-

°q-sS∂v- kzm-`m-hn-Iam-bpw- a\p-jy-_p-≤n- hn-[n-°p-∂p.-

A\iz-c\m-IWsa∂ BKlap-≈h\m-Wv- a\p-jy≥.- Bbp- n-s≥d

\iz-cXsb°p-dn-®v- \∂m-bn- t_m-[ap-≈hcm-sW¶n-epw- Xßfp-sS I¿-

aßfp-sS êw- A\iz-cam-IWsa∂-pw- a‰p-≈hcp-sS a\ n-se¶n-epw-

Po-hn-®n-cn-°Wsa∂pw- BKln-°p-∂hcm-Wv- \Ωsf√mw.- acw- sh®p-

]n-Sn-∏n-°p-∂ ]m-hs∏´ Hcp- ]Sp-hr-≤\pw- acWiøbn¬- In-S∂v- Xs≥d

t]cn¬- al¬- \n¿-an-°m≥- Hky-Øp- \¬-Ip-∂ NIh¿-Øn-bpw- Cu-

BKlam-Wv- ]ISn-∏n-°p-∂Xv; Xm≥- acn-®m-epw- GsX¶n-ep-sam-c¿-

YØn¬- Po-hn-°Wsa∂ BKlw.- acWtØm-Sp-Iq-Sn- a\p-jy-Po-hn-Xw-

]q¿-Wam-bn-Øs∂ Ahkm-\n-°p-sa∂v- Zr-Vam-bn- hn-iz-kn-°p-∂ ù-

Xn-Ihm-Zn-Iƒ- t]m-epw- Xßƒ- A\¥am-bn- \n-e\n¬-°Wsa∂v-

BKln-°p-∂hcm-Wv.- cIv-Xkm-£n- acn-°p-∂n-√; Ah¿- Fs∂∂pw-

Po-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂psh∂v- ]Jym-]n-°p-∂hcp-sS lr-Zbßƒ-°IØv-

Fs∂∂pw- Po-hn-®n-cn-°Wsa∂ BKlam-Wp-≈sX∂v- ]dtb≠Xn-

√t√m.-

Xs≥-d B-bp- n-\∏p-dw- \o-≠p-\n¬-°p-∂ êßfp-≠m-°p-∂ I¿-

aßƒ- sNøp-hm≥- Ignhp-≈ GIPo-hn- a\p-jy-\m-Wv.- Xß-fp-sS- Po-hn-

XØn-s≥-d AXn-cp-Iƒ-°IØv- am-Xw- HXp-ßp-∂ êßfp-≠m-°p-∂

I¿-aßƒ- sNøm-t\ CXc Po-hn-Iƒ-°v- Ign-bq.- a\pjy-sNbv-Xn-Iƒ-

Aßs\b√.- Ahbp-sS êßƒ- \√Xm-bm-epw- No-Øbm-bm-epw-

Ahs≥-d Bbp- n-\∏p-dtØ°p-Iq-Sn- \o-fp-∂p.- tdUn-tbm- I≠p-]n-Sn-

® im-kv-XPv-Rs≥-d I¿-aßfp-sS k¬-êhpw- Bt‰m-an-I t_mw-_v-

I≠p-]n-Sn-® im-kv-XPv-Rs≥-d I¿-aßfp-sS Zp-jv--êhpw- Ahcp-sS

Bbp- n-\p-tijw- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ- Ign-™m-epw- P\w- A\p-`hn-®p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- a\p-jy-cp-sS I¿-aßƒ- `q-an-bn-ep-≠m-°p-∂ êßƒ-

A\iz-cam-sW¶n¬- ]kv-Xp-X I¿-aw- sNbv-Xh\v- e`n-°p-∂ ]Xn-

êhpw- A\iz-cam-tI≠Xt√?- AsXsb∂m-Wv- km-am-\y-_p-≤n- \¬-

Ip-∂ DØcw.- A\¥am-b e£y-ßfp-≈ a\p-jy-I¿-aßƒ-°v- e`n-°p-

∂ ]Xnêhpw- A\¥am-bn-cn-°Ww.-

acWØn\p-tijap-≈ Hcp- Po-hn-Xw- a\p-jy-_p-≤n-bp-sS kzm-`m-hn-

Iam-b tX´ßfn-sem-∂m-Wv.- Ncn-Xm-Xo-X Im-ew- ap-X¬-°p-Xs∂ acWm-

\¥c Po-hn-XØn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw- \n-e\n-∂n-cp-∂p-sh∂m-Wv- D¬-J\\

KthjWßƒ- Im-Wn-°p-∂Xv.- acWtØm-Sp-Iq-Sn- Ahkm-\n-°p-∂Xm-

Wv- a\p-jy- Po-hn-Xsa¶n¬- \∑,- kXyw,- ]tcm-]Im-cw,- tkh\w Xp-

Sßn-bhs°m-∂pw- bm-sXm-cp- hn-ebp-an-s√∂p -hcp-∂p.- Xn-∑Ifpw-

AIaßfpw- sNbv-Xv- Cu- £Wn-I Po-hn-Xw- Bkzm-Zy-Icam-°m≥-

th≠n- ian-°p-∂bm-tfm-Sv - AXp- icn-bs√∂p- ]dbp-hm-\p-≈

Ahkcap-≠m-hp-∂n-√.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ acWm-\¥cw- Hcp- Po-hn-

Xap-≠m-bn-cn-°Ww.- Cu- Po-hn-XØn¬- sh®p- sNbv-X \∑Iƒ-°v- X°Xm-

b ]Xn-êhpw- Xn-∑Iƒ-°v- XØp-ey-am-b in-£bpw- \¬-Ip-hm≥- km-

[n-°p-∂ co-Xn-bn¬- kw-hn-[m-\n-°s∏´ Hcp- Po-hn-Xw-.- B- Po-hn-Xan-s√-

7 8


¶n¬- a-\p-jy-s\-∂- D¬-Ir-jv-S- kr-jv-Sn-bp-sS- A-kv-Xn-Xz-Øn-\v- bm-sXm-

cp- h-n-e-bp-an-√.- ]-kvXp-X- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- sh-®v- BK-lßƒ- ap-gp-h≥

k -eo-Ir-X-am-h-Ww.- A-Xn-\p- X-°-hn-[-Øn¬- A-\-iz-c-am-bn-cn-°-Ww- ac-

Wm-\-¥-c Po-hn-Xw.-

A-\-iz-c-am-b- H-cp- a-cWm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-ap-s≠-¶n¬- B- Po-hn-X-Øn-

se- kp-J-hpw- kw-Xr-]v-Xn-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw- b-Ym¿-Y-Øn-ep-≈- kp-Jw;- A-

Xn-se- B-Àm-Z-am-bn-cn-°pw- b-Ym¿-Y-Øn-ep-≈- B-Àm-Zw-;- A-Xn-se- ]-bm-

k-ß-fpw- Zp-cn-X-ß-fp-am-bn-cn-°pw- i-cn-°p-≈- Zp-cn-Xw.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-

s∂- a-\p-jy-cp-sS- C-ltem-I- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥d- e-£yw-- a-cWm-\-¥-c- Po-

hn-X-Øn-se- tam-£-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.- £-Wn-I-am-b- Cu- Po-hn-X-Øn-se- kp-

J-ß-fpw- Zpx-J-ß-fpsa√mw- Xm¬-°m-en-I-am-Wv.- A-Xn-\m¬ Cu- Po-hn-X-

Øn¬- A¬-]w- Xym-Kw- k-ln-®m-epw- a-c-Wm-\-¥-cw- kp-Jw- e-`n-°-W-sa-

∂- co-Xn-bn¬- a-\p-jy¿- X-ß-f-p-sS- Po-hn-Xw- Nn-´-s∏-Sp-ØWw.- \n-Xy-am-b-

H-cp- Po-hn-X-Øn-te-°p-≈- H-cp- Ir-jn-bn-Sw- am-X-am-bn-cn-°pw- a-c-Wm-\-¥-

c- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- hn-iz-kn-°p-∂- H-cm-sf- kw-_-\-v-[n-®n-S-tØm-fw- Cu- tem-

I-Po-hn-Xw.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- Abm-f-psS- Po-hn-X-Øn-\v- A-Sp-°pw- Nn-

´-bp-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn-\pw- A-Xv- \-∑-bn-e-[n-jv-Tn-X-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\pw- Cu- hn-

izm-kw- \n-an-Ø-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.-

a-c-Wm-\-¥-cw- H-cp- Po-hn-Xw- th-W-sa-∂v- a-\p-jy-a-\- v- B-K-ln-°p-

∂p-sh∂-Xv- t\-cv.- F-∂m¬- A-Ø-c-sam-cp- Po-hn-X-ap-≠v F-∂-Xn-\v- F-

¥m-Wv- sX-fn-hv?- Cu- tem-I-Øv- ssI-sb-Øn-bm¬- In-´p-∂- kp-J-ku-I-

cy-ßƒ- sh-Sn-™v- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn-se- \-∑-°p-th-≠n ]-cn-i-a-n-

°p-∂-Xv- A-h-km-\w- hr-Ym-hn-em-Ip-tam?- ]-c-tem-I-Øv- t]m-bn- B-cpwX-

s∂- a-S-ßn -h-∂n-´n-s√-∂-Xn-\m¬- - a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- ]-Xo-£-

I-f¿-∏n-°p-∂-Xv- hy¿-Y-am-Ip-tam?- C-Ø-cw- tNm-Zy-ßƒ- kz-m-`m-hn-I-am-Wv.-

a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-sØ-°p-dn-® ]-T-\-Øn-\v--- ]-Zm-¿--Y-sØ-bpw- A-Xn-s≥d-

kz`m-ß-sf-bpw- Ip-dn-®- ]-T-\-Øn-\v- \mw- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂- am¿-K-ßƒ-

Xo-sc- A-\p-tbm-P y-a-√.- a-c-W-sØ-t∏m-epw- \n¿-h-Nn-°m≥- C-Xp-h-sc- I-

gn-™n-´n-√m-Ø- im-kv-Xo-b- \n-co-£-W- co-Xn-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn-®v- a-c-Wm-\-

¥-c- Po-hn-X-sØ- kw-_-\v-[n-®v- \mw- a-\- n-em-°p-∂-sX-ß-s\?- Cu- ]-

]-©-sØ-°p-dn-®v- ]-Tn-°p-hm≥- cq-]-I¬-]-\- sN-bv-Xn- p-≈- im-kv-X-kn≤m-

¥-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn-®v- ]-]-©m-Xo-X-am-b- H-cp- Im-cy-sØ-bpw- Ip-dn-®v- a-\-

n-em-°p-hm≥- I-gn-bn-s√-∂v- km-am-\y-_p-≤n-X-s∂- k-Ω-Xn-°p-∂p.- A-

t∏mƒ- ]n-s∂- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d- k-Xy-X- \-ap-s°-ß-s\- t_m-

[y-s∏-Spw?-

a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-sa-∂- H-∂p-s≠-¶n¬- A-Xn-\v- H-cp- kw-hn-[m-b-

I-\p-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m.- B- kw-hn-[m-b-I-\m-bn-cn-°pw- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c-

Po-hn-X-sØ- ]q¿-W-am-bn- \n-b-¥n-°p-∂-Xv.- C-l-tem-I- Po-hn-X-Øn-se-

sN-bv-Xn-Iƒ-°v- X-°-Xm-b- ]-Xn-^-ew- hn-[n-°p-∂-Xpw- A-h≥-X-s∂-bm-

bn-cn-°pw.- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d- kw-hn-[m-b-I≥-X-s∂- ]-kv-

Xp-X- Po-hn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®v-,- A-ß-s\-sbm-∂p-s≠-¶n¬,- \-ap-°v- A-dn-bn-

®p-X-c-Ww.- A-√m-sX- a-s‰m-cp- am¿-K-hpw- ]-c-tem-I-sØ-°p-dn-®-dn-bp-hm≥-

am-\-h-c-m-in-bp-sS- ssI-h-i-an-√.- ]-Xn-^-e-\m-fn-s≥-d- D-S-a-kv-Y-\n¬-\n-∂v-

B- \m-fn-s\-°p-dn-®- h-√- A-dn-hpw- am-\-h-cm-in-°p- e-`n-®n-´p-t≠m?- ]-cn-

tim-[n-t°-≠-Xv \-Ωp-sS- _m-[-y-X-bm-Wv.- Cu- _m-[y-X- \n¿-h-ln-°m-Xn-

cn-°p-∂-Xv im-iz-X-am-b- \-jv-S-Øn-\v- \n-an-Øam-hp-sa-∂- Im-cy-Øn¬- kw-

i-b-an-√.-

a-X-ß-fpw--- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-Xhpw-

a-X-ß-fp-sS-sb-√mw- s]m-Xp-hm-b- X-Øz-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv- a-c-Wm-\-¥-

c- Po-hn-X-Øn-ep-≈- hn-izm-k-sa-∂Xv- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.- hn-i-Zmw-i-ß-

fn¬- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-sW-¶nepw- ]-ctem-I- Po-hn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®- hn-izm-kw-

F-√m- a-X-k-aq-l-ß-fn-epw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p-≠v.- A-h-Km-l-am-b- ]T-\w-

hn-i-Zmw-i-ß-fn-ep-≈- hy-Xym-kw- ]n-∂o-Sv- I-S-∂p-h-∂-Xm-sW-∂pw- F-√m-

a-X- k-aq-l-ß-fp-sS-bpw- D¬-]-Øn-Im-e-Øv- H-tc- cq-]-Øn-ep-≈- ]-c-tem-

I- hn-iz-m-kw-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂-sX-∂pw- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-∂p-

≠v.- a-c-Wm-\-¥-cw- F-¥p- kw-`-hn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v- a-X-]-hm-

N-I-∑m-sc-√mw- ]-d-™-Xv C-ß-s\- kw-t£-]n-°mw:-- "a-\p-jy≥- a-c-W-s∏-

Sp-∂-tXmSp-Iq-Sn- A-h-s≥-d- Po-hn-Xw- A-h-km-\n-°p-∂n-√.- im-iz-X-am-b-

H-cp- ]-c-tem-I-Po-hn-Xw- h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂-tX-bp≈q.-- \-∑-Iƒ-°pw- Xn-∑-Iƒ-

°pw- B- th-Zn-bn¬- sh-®v- X-°-Xm-b- ]-Xn-^-ew- e-`n-°pw.- k-jv-Sm-hpw- ]-

cn-]m-e-I-\p-am-b- k¿-h-i-Iv-X≥- A-dn-bn-®p-X-∂- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ- Aw-

Ko-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠v- Po-hn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn-se- im-iz-

X- hn-P-b-Øn-\p-≈- am¿-Kw.- k-Xy-hn-iz-m-kn-I-fp-sS- B-K-l-ß-fpw- A-`n-

em-j-ß-fpw- ]-Xo-£-I-fpw- k-¶¬-]-ß-fp-sa-√mw- km-£m-Xv-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-

9 10


∂- ]-c-tem-I-Øv- sh-®p-X-s∂- k-Xy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ-°v- I-T-n-\-am-b- in-£-

bpw- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-w'.-

tem-I-Øp-h-∂- F-√m- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cpw- ]-Tn-∏n-®- X-Øz-ß-fn-sem-∂m-

Wv- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn-ep-≈- hn-izm-k-sa-∂v- ]-d-™p-h-t√m.- sk-

an-‰n-Iv- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cpw- m-c-Xo-b- E-jn---am-cp-sa-√mw- a-c-Wm-\-¥c- Po-hn-X-

sØ-°p-dn-®v- hn-i-Z-am-bn-Ø-s∂- ]-Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xm-bn- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.-

k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°v- ]-th-in-°p-hm-\p≈- kz¿K-cm-Py-sØ-°p-dn-®pw- Zp¿-

hr-Ø¿-°m-bn- H-cp-°n-sh-®n- p-≈- \-c-I-sØ-bpw- Ip-dn-®v- ]-t_m-[-\w- sN-

øm-sX- H-cp- ]-hm-N-I-\pw- I-gn-™p-t]m-bn-ń-s√-∂Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw.-

]p-\¿-P-∑-hpw- ]-c-tem-I-hpw-

a-c-Wm-\-¥-cw- H-cp- Po-hn-X-ap-s≠-∂pw- Cu- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- kZv-I¿-aßƒ-

sN-bv-X-h¿- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- kz¿-Ko-b- kp-J-ßƒ- A-\p-`-hn-

°p-sa-∂pw- Zp-jv-I¿-a-ßƒ- sN-bv-X-h¿- A-\v-[-Im-c-a-b-am-b- \-c-I-bm-X-

\-I-f\p-`-hn-°p-sa-∂p-≈- hn-i-z-m-k-am-bn-cp-∂p- th-Z-Im-e-sØ- E-jn-am¿-

°p≠m-bn-cp-∂-sX-∂m-Wv- N-Xp¿-th-Z-ß-fn-se- ]-cm-a¿-i-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- a-

\- n-em-°m≥- Ign-bp-∂-Xv.- th-Z-]-Wv-Un-X-\m-b- io- cm-lp¬- kmw-Ir-

Xym-b≥- F-gp-Xp-∂-Xp- Im-Wp-I-:- "th-Z-Øn-se- E-jn-am¿- Cu- tem-I-Øn¬-

\n-∂pw- hn-`n-∂-am-b- H-cp- tem-I-ap-s≠-∂v- hn-iz-kn-®n-cp-∂p.- A-hn-tS-

°m-Wv- a-c-Wm-\-¥-cw- k-Zv-I¿-an-Iƒ- t]m-hp-I.- A-h-c-hn-sS- B-\-µ-]q¿-

hw- Po-hn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- Xm-sg-bp-≈ ]m-Xm-fw- A-\v-[-Im-c-a-b-am-b- \-c-

I-tem-I-am-Wv.- A-hn-tS-°m-Wv- Zp-jv-I¿-an-Iƒ- t]m-Ip-∂-Xv '- (cm-lp¬- kmw-

Ir-Xym-b≥-:- hn-iz-Z¿-i-\-ßƒ- ]p-dw-:- 552).-

a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- k-Zv-I¿-an-Iƒ-°v- kz¿-K-]-th-i-hpw- Zp-jv-

I¿-an-Iƒ-°v- \-c-I-bm-X-\-I-fp-a-\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-h-cp-sa-∂- ssh-Zn-Ihn-izm-

k-Øn-\v- hn-cp-≤-am-bn,- ]p-\¿-P-∑-sa-∂- B-i-b-Øn-s≥-d- B-cw-`w- Ip-dn-

°-s∏- -Xv- h¿-Wm-i-a-hy-h-kv-Y-tbm-Sp- _-\v-[-s∏- -p-sIm-≠mWv.- iq-Z-\pw-

N-Wv-Um-f-\pw- A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂- I-jv-S-∏mSp-I-sf-√mw- X-ß-fp-sS- ap-Pv-P-∑-

]m-]-Øn-s≥-d- -e-am-bn- m-sW-∂- hn-izm-kw- A-c-°n- p-d-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v- k-

h¿-W-ta-[m-hn-Xzw- A-Sn-t®¬-]n-°p-hm≥- th-≠n- ]p-tcm-ln-X-∑m¿- sa-\-

™p-≠m-°n-b- H-cp- hn-izm-k-am-Wv- ]p-\¿-P-∑-sa-∂- B-i-bw.- C-°m-cyw-

]p-\¿-P-∑-sØ-°p-dn-®v- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂- O-tµm-tKy-m-]-\n-j-Øn-se- kq-

Iv-Xw- kp-X-cmw- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-∂p-≠v.- A-Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv-:-

X-Zy- C-l- c-a-Wo-b- N-c-Wm- A-`ym-ix- l- b-tØ

c-a-Wo-bmw- tbm-\n-w-

B-]-tZy-c≥- _m-lv-a-W-tbm-\ow- hm- £-Xn-b-tbm-\nw

hm- ssh-iy-tbm-\nw- hm-

A-Y- b- C-l- I-]q-b-N-c-Wm- A-`ym-ix- l-b-tØ- I-]q-bmw

- tbm-\nw-

B-]-tZy-c≥- iz-tbm-\nw- hm- kp-I-c-tbm-\nw- hm- N-Wv-Um-e

tbm-\nw- hm-

(C-h-cn¬- ]p-Wy-I¿-an-I-fm-bn-´p-≈-h¿- kz-I¿-am-\p-k-c-Ww- _m-lv-a-

Wtbm-\n-bn-tem- £-Xn-b- tbm-\n-bn-tem- ssh-iy-tbm-\n-bn-tem- P-\n-°p-

∂p.- A-ip-Ì¿-an-Iƒ- io-Lw-X-s∂- \o-N-tbm-\n-I-fn¬-˛A-Xm-b-Xv- ]-∂n-

bp-sS-tbm- ]- n-bpsS-tbm- NWv-Um-f-s≥-d-tbm- tbm-\n-bn¬- P-\n-°p-∂p)-

(O-tµm-tKym-]-\n-j-Øv- 5:-10:-7).-

Cu- kq-Iv-X-Øn¬- ]-∂n-bpw- ]-ń-bpw- N-Wv-Um-f-\pw- (Nm-Xp¿-h¿-Wy-

Øn¬- s]-Sm-Ø-h¿-)- ap-Pv-P-∑-]m-]-Øn-s≥-d- ^-e-am-Wv- A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-

sX-∂m-Wv- k-a¿-Yn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- ]-∂n-sb-bpw- ]-ń-sb-bpw- t]m-se-bm-

Wv- a-\p-jy-\m-b- N-Wv-Um-f-\p-sa-∂v- h-cp-Øn-Øo¿-°p-∂- ]p-\¿-P-∑-hn-

iz-m-kw- k-h¿-W- ta-[m-hn-Ø-Øn-s≥-d- kr-jv-Sn-b-√m-sX- a-s‰m-∂p-a-√.-

ss-hZ-n-I- E-jn-am¿- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn-epw- kz¿-K- \-c-I-ß-fn-epw-

hn-iz-kn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂v- ]-d-™-t√m.- th-Z-Im-e-L´-Øn-se- Cu- hn-izm-k-

Øn-s≥-d- kz-m-[-o-\w- Nn-e- D-]-\n-j-Øp-I-fn-epw- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bp-w.- Zpx-J-c-

ln-X-am-b- kz¿-K-tem-I-sØ-bpw- Zp-cn-X-]q¿-W-am-b- \-c-I-bm-X-\-I-sf-

bpw- Ip-dn-®v- hn-h-cn-°p-∂- Nn-e- D-]-\n-j-Zv- kq-Iv-X-ßƒ- Im-Wp-I-:-

A-kq-cym- \m-a- tX- tem-Im- A-\v-t[-\- X-a-km- hr-Xm:--

Xmw- kv-tX- t]-Xym-`n-K-Nv-O-¥n-tb- tI- Nm-Xv- a-l-t\m- P-\x-

(kq-cy-c-ln-X-am-b- B- tem-I-ßƒ- A-Pv-Rm-\m-\v-[-Im-c- k-am-hr-X-

ß-fm-Ip-∂p.- B-Xv-a-Lm-Xn-Iƒ-,- A-Xm-b-X-v- Cu-i-z-c-s\- kv-a-cn-°m-sX-

hn-j-bm-k-Iv-X-cm-bn- I-gn-bp-∂-h¿,- ho-≠pw- Zpx-J-`q-bn-jv-T-ß-fm-b- B-

tem-I-ß-sf- ]m-]n-°p-∂p-)- (Cu-im-hm-tkym-]-\n-j-Øv- 3)-

kz¿-tK- tem-tI- \- `-bw- In-©-\m-kv-Xn-

\- X-X-Xzw- \- P-c-bm- _n-t`-Xn-

D-t`,- Xo¿-Øzm-i-\m-bm- ]n-]m-tk-

tim-Im-Xn-tKm- tam-Z-tX- kz¿-K- tem-tI-

11 12


(kz¿-K-tem-I-Øv- A¬-]w- t]m-epw- `-b-an-√.- A-hn-sS- \o-bp-an-√.- P-cm-

\-c-bm¬- B¿-°pw- `-bhp-an-√.- A-hn-sS- h-kn-°p-∂-h¿- £p-Xv-]n]m-km-

Zn-Iƒ-°pw- tim-Im-Zn-Iƒ-°pw- A-Xo-X-∑m-cm-bn- k-I-e-hn-[- B-\-µ-hpw-

A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂p)- (I-tTm-]-\n-j-Øv- 1:-1:-12).-

tb-ip-hn-s≥-d- D-]-tZ-iw-

-a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn-se- tam-£-Øn-\p-th-≠n- sF-ln-I- kp-J-ßƒ-

]-cn-Xy-Pn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v- Ip-g-∏-an-s√-∂m-Wv- In-kv-Xp- ]-Tn-∏n-®-Xv.- A-

t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- D-]-tZ-i-ßƒ- i-≤n-°p-I-:-

"`q-an-bn¬- \n-t£-]-ßƒ- \n-\-°m-bn- kw-`-cn-®p-sh-°-cp-Xv.- A-hn-sS-

A-h-sb- Io-S-ß-fpw- Xp-cp-ºpw- Xn-∂p- \-in-∏n-°pw.- I-≈-∑m¿- Ip-Øn-°-

h¿-∂p- sIm-≠p-t]m-hp-I-bpw- sN-øpw.- Io-S-ß-fpw- Xp-cp-ºpw- Xn-∂p- \-

in-∏n-°m-Ø-X-pw- I-≈-∑m¿- I-h¿-®- \-S-Øm-Ø-Xp-am-b- kz¿-K-Øn¬- \n-

\-°m-bn- \n-t£-]-ßƒ- I-cp-Xn -sh-°p-I.- Im-c-Ww,- \n-s≥-d- \n-t£-]-

ßƒ- F-hn-sS-tbm- A-hn-sS-bm-bn-cn-°pw- \n-s≥-d- lr-Z-b-hpw'- (a-Øm-bn-

6:-19˛21).-

"a-\p-jy¿- F-s∂- ]-Xn- \n-ß-sf- \n-µn-°p-I-bpw- ]o-Un-∏n-°p-I-bpw- k-

Xy-hn-cp-≤-am-b- k¿-h-hn-[- Zq-j-W-ß-fpw- ]-d-bp-I-bpw- sN-øp-tºmƒ- \n-

ßƒ- ku-`m-Ky-hm-∑m¿.- A-t∏mƒ- \n-ßƒ- B-\-µn-°pI.- B-Àm-Zn-°p-I,-

kz¿-K-Øn¬- \n-ß-fp-sS- ]-Xn-^-ew- h-ep-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.- \n-ßƒ-°v- ap-ºp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂- ]-hm-N-I-sc-bpw- a-\p-jy¿- C-ß-s\-X-s∂- ]o-Un-∏n-®n-´p-≠-

t√m'- (a-Øm-bn-5:-12).-

"\o- ]m-]w- sN-øm≥- \n-s≥-d- ssI- Im-c-W-am-Ips∂-¶n¬- A-Xpsh-ń-

°-f-bp-I.- C-cp-ssI-I-fp-am-bn- \-c-I-Øn¬,- sI-Sm-Ø- Xo-bn¬,- ho-gp-∂-

Xn-t\-°mƒ- t`-Zw- hn-I-emw-K-\m-bn- Po-h-\n¬- ]-th-in-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- \o-

]m-]w- sN-øm≥- \n-s≥-d- Im¬- Im-c-W-am-Ip-s∂-¶n¬- A-Xp- sh-ń-°-

fbp-I.- c-≠p- Im-ep-≈-h-\m-bn- \-c-I-Øn¬- F-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ-

t`-Zw- ap-S-¥-\m-bn- Po-h-\n¬- ]-th-in-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- \o- ]m-]w- sN-øm≥-

\n-s≥-d- I-Æp- Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂p-sh-¶n¬- A-Xv- Nq-gv-s∂-Sp-Øp-I-f-bp-I.-

C-cp-I-Æp-I-fp-am-bn- \-c-I-Øn¬- ]-th-in-°p-∂Xn-t\-°mƒ- t`-Zw- H-‰-°-

Æp-am-bn- ssZ-h-cm-P y-Øn¬- ]-th-in-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- B- \-c-I-Øn¬- A-

h-cp-sS- ]pgp-°ƒ- \-in-°p-∂n-√.- Xo- sI-Sp-∂p-an-√.- Im-c-Ww,- F-√m-h-cn-

epw- Xo- sIm-≠v- D-∏p- tN¿-°pw'- (am¿-t°m-kv- 9:-43˛50).-

Jp¿B≥,- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-sØ-∏-‰n

hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d- k-Xy-X- Du-∂n-

bq-∂n-∏-d-bp-I-bpw- kz¿-K-]m-]v-Xn-°p-th-≠n- ]-cn-i-an-t°-≠-Xn-s≥-d- Bh-

iy-I-X-sb- bp-Iv-Xn-bp-Iv-Xw- kv-Ym-]n-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p-≠v.- k-Xy-Øn¬,-

]-c-tem-I-Po-hn-X-sØ- kw-_-\v-[n-®v- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n-s\-t∏m-se- hn-

i-Z-am-bn- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈- a-s‰m-cp- K-\v-Y-an-√.- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-

X-sØ- \n-tj-[n-°p-∂-h¿-°p-≈- a-dp-]-Sn-bpw- ]-kv-Xp-X- Po-hn-X-sØ- k-

a¿-Yn-°p-∂- ]-Xn-]m-Z-\-ß-fpw- am-X-a-√ Jp¿-B-\n-ep-≈-Xv.- kz¿-K-Po-hn-

X-Øn-se- B-\-µ-]-Z-am-b- A-\p-`-h-ß-sf-bpw- \-c-I-Øn-se- ]-bm-k-ß-

sf-bpw- Ip-dn-®v- hn-i-Z-am-b- ]-cm-a¿-i-ßƒ- Jp¿-B-\n-ep-≠v.- G-Xm-\pw-

Jp¿-B≥- kq-Iv-X-ßfp-sS- km-cw- i-≤n-°p-I-:-

"G-sXm-cp- tZ-l-hpw- a-c-Ww- B-kz-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- \n-ß-fp-sS- ]-Xn-^-

e-ßƒ- D-bn¿-sØ-gp-t∂¬-]n-s≥-d- \m-fn¬- am-X-ta- \n-ßƒ-°v- ]q¿-W-

am-bn- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q.- A-t∏mƒ- B-cv- \-c-I-Øn¬-\n-∂v- A-I-‰n-

\n¿-Ø-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- kz¿-K-Øn¬- ]-th-in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p-thm-

A-h-\m-Wv- hn-P-bw- t\-Sp-∂-Xv.- sF-ln-I-Po-hn-Xw- I-_-fn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-

H-cp- hn-`-h-a-√m-sX- a-s‰m-∂p-a-√'- (B-ep-Cw-dm≥-:- 185).-

"hn-iz-kn-°p-I-bpw- k-Zv-I¿-a-ßƒ- ]-h¿-Øn-°-p-I-bpw- sN-bv-X-h¿°v-

Xm-gv- m-K-Øp-Iq-Sn- \Zn-I-sfm-gp-Ip-∂- kz¿-K-tØm-∏p-Iƒ- e- n-°m-\p-s≠-

∂v- k-t¥m-j-hm¿-Ø- A-dn-bn-°p-I'- (A¬-_-J-d-:- 25).-

"A-hn-iz-kn-°p-I-bpw- \-Ωp-sS- Zr-jv-Sm-¥-ßƒ- \n-tj-[n-®p-X-≈p-I-bpw-

sN-bv-X-h-cm-tcm- A-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw- \-c-Im-h-Im-in-Iƒ.- A-h-c-Xn¬- \n-

Xy-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw'- (A¬-_-J-d-:- 39).-

"kq-£v-a-X-bp-≈-h¿-°v- hm-Kv-Zm-\w- sN-ø-s∏- n- p-≈- k-z¿-K-Øn-s≥-d- A-

h-kv-Y- F-ß-s\sb-∂m¬- A-Xn¬- ]-I¿®-- h-cm-Ø- sh-≈-Øn-s≥-d- A-

c-p-hn-I-fp-≠v.- cp-Nn-t`-Zw- h-cm-Ø- ]m-en-s≥-d- A-cp-hn-I-fpw- I-p-Sn-°p-∂-

h¿-°v- B-kzm-Zy-am-b- a-Zy-Øn-s≥-d- A-cp-hn-I-fpw- ip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-´- tX-

\n-s≥-d- A-cp-hn-I-fp-ap-≠v.- A-h¿-°-Xn¬- F-√m-Ø--cw- Im-bv-I-\n-I-fp-ap-

≠v.- X-ßfp-sS- c-£n-Xm-hn-¶-¬-\n-∂p-≈- ]m-]-tam-N-\-hp-ap-≠v.- (Cu- kz¿-

K-hm-kn-I-fp-sS- A-h-kv-Y-)- \-c-I-Øn¬- \n-Xy-hm-kn-bm-bn- p-≈-h-s\-t∏m-

se- B-bn-cn-°p-tam?-- A-Ø-c-°m¿-°-m-I-s´- sIm-S-pw-Nq-Sp-≈- sh-≈-am-

13 14


bn-cn-°pw- Ip-Sn-°m≥- \¬-Is∏-Sp-I.- A-ß-s\- A-Xv- A-hcp-sS- Ip-S-ep-

I-sf- On-∂-`n-∂-am-°n-°-f-bpw'.- (ap-l-Ω-Zv-:- 15).-

ssZ-h-Zq-X-∑m-cp-sS- hy-Iv-Xn-Xzw-

a-X-ß-sf-√mw- s]m-Xp-th- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-X-sØ-bpw- kz¿K-\-c-I-

ß-sf-bpw- Ip-dn-®v- H-tc- ho-£-W-am-Wpƒ-s°m≈p-∂-sX-∂v- \mw- a-\- n-

em-°n.- ssZ-h-Øn-¶¬-\n-∂v- k-tµ-i-ßƒ- e-`n-®-Xn-s≥-d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn-

em-Wv- R-ßƒ- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-Xw- k-Xy-am-sW-∂v- ]-d-bp-∂-sX-∂m-

Wv- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-sc-√mw-X-s∂- A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- a-c-W-Øn-\p-ti-jw-

H-cp- Po-hn-X-ap-s≠-∂pw- A-hn-sS- c-£m-in-£-I-fp-s≠-∂pw- X-ßƒ- kz-

bw- K-th-j-Ww- \-S-Øn- I-s≠-Øn-b-Xm-sW-∂v- H-cp- ]-hm-N-I-\pw- A-h-

Im-i-s∏-ń-ń-√.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- ]-d-™-Xv- i-cn-bm-

tWm-sb-∂v- ]-cn-tim-[n-°p-hm-\m-bn- ù-Xn-I-am-b- ]-co-£-W-ß-fp-]tbm-

Kn-°p-hm≥- km-[y-a-√.- ]n-s∂-sb-¥m-sWm-cp- t]mw-h-gn?- X-ßƒ-°v- ssZ-

hn-I- t_m-[-\w- e-`n-°p-∂p-s≠-∂v- A-h-Im-i-s∏-´-h-cp-sS- hy-Iv-Xn-X-zw- ]-

cntim-[n-®p-sIm-≠v- A-h¿- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv- i-cn-bm-tWm-sb-∂v- ]-cn-tim[n-

°m-\m-hpw.- ssZ-h-Zq-X-∑m-cm-sW-∂v- A-h-Im-i-s∏-´-h¿- I-f-hp- ]-d-bp-∂-

h-cpw- k-zm¿-Yn-I-fpw- P-\-h-©-I-cp-am-bn-cp∂p-sh-¶n¬- A-h¿- F-¥p- ]-

d-™m-epw- A-Xp- ap-J-hn-e-bv-s°-Sp-°m-sX- \-ap-°v- X-≈n-°-f-bm-am-bn-

cp∂p.- Xn-cn-®m-sW-¶n¬- A-h¿- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv- k-Xy-am-sW-∂v- \mw- Aw-Ko-

I-cn-t°-≠--Xm-bpw- h-cpw.

a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-Xw- k-Xy-am-sW-∂pw- A-hn-sS-bp-≈- tam-£-am-Wv-

b-Ym¿-Y-- -tam-£-sa-∂pw- ]-t_m-[-\w- sN-bv-X- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS-sb-√mw-

hy-Iv-Xn-Xzw- ]-cn-tim-[n-®m¬- \-ap-°v- a-\- n-em-°m≥- I-gn--bp-∂-Xv- A-h¿-

I-f-hp- ]-d-bp-hm≥- bm-sXm-cp- km-[y-X-bp-an-s√-∂ Im-cy-am-Wv.- A-h-cp-

sS-sb-√mw- ap-gp-h≥- Po-hn-X-hpw- k-Xy-k-\v-[-X,- ti-jv-T-X,- -Nn-¥,- k-

∑m¿-K-\n-jv-T,- ]-cn-ip-≤- ]-Ir-Xn,- D¬-Ir-jv-Sm-Z¿-iw-,- D-b¿-∂- a\p-jy-Xzw-

F-∂n-h-°v- D-Zm-Ø-am-b- am-Xr-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-sc- F-Xn¿-°p-

I-bpw- \m-ń¬-\n-∂v- B-ń-∏p-d-Øm-°p-I-bpw- sIm-e-s∏-Sp-Øm≥- X-¥-

ß-fm-hn-jv-I-cn-°-p-I-bpw- sNbv-X-h¿-X-s∂- A-h-cp-sS- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d-

hn-ip-≤n- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.- A-hcp-sS- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d- hn-hn-[-

cw-K-ß-fn-se-hn-sS-sb-¶n-epw- H-cp- \yq-\-X- I-≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥- k-a-Im-en-I-

cm-b- ]-Xn-tbm-Kn-Iƒ-s°m-∂pw- I-gn-™n-s√-∂- h-kv-Xp-X-X-s∂- A-

h¿- F-¥p- am-Xw- ]-cn-ip-≤-cpw- \n-kzm¿-Yn-I-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v- a-\- n-

em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v.- kz-bw- I-jv-S-\-jv-S-ßƒ- k-ln-®-Xpw- Iq-´p-IpSpw-_m-

Zn-I-fm¬- Xy-Pn-°-s∏-´Xpw- \m-ń¬- \n-t∂m-Sn-°-s∏-´-Xpw- h-[-i-n-£°p-

hn-t[-b-am-°-s∏-´-Xp-sa-√mw- k-aq-l-Øn-s≥-d- \-∑-°pw- im-iz-X- hn-P-b-

Øn-\pw- th-≠n- i-an-®p-sh-∂- Im-c-WØm¬ am-X-am-bn-cp-∂p.- ù-Xn-I-

am-b- bm-sXm-cp- t\-´-ß-fpw- B-K-ln-°m-sX- k-aq-l-Øn-s≥-d- \-∑-°p-

th-≠n- b-Xv-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p A-h¿.- cm-P y-Øn-s≥-d- A-[nIm-cw-,- kp-

µ-cn-I-fm-b- kv-Xo-Iƒ-,- C-jv-Sw-t]m-se- k-º-Øv- Xp-S-ßn-b-h- Xy-Pn-®p-

sIm-≠v- apƒ-°n-co-S-Øn-s≥-d- am¿-Kw- sX-c-s™-Sp-Ø-hsc- kw-_-\v-[n-

®v- kzm¿-Yn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v- B¿-s°-¶n-epw- ]-d-bm≥- I-gn-bp-tam?-

A-Xp-t]m-se-X-s∂,- ]-hm-N-I-∑-m-cm-cpw- h-©-I-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√.- A-h-

cm-sc-¶n-epw- k-aq-l-Øn-se- B-sc-sb-¶n-epw- h-©n-®-Xm-bn- N-cn-Xw- ]-T-

n-∏n-°p-∂n-√.- hm-Kv-Z-Ø-]m-e-I-cpw- k-Xy-k-\v-[-cpw- ]-cn-ip-≤-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p-

]-hm-N-I-∑m¿.- F-√m- ]-iv-\-ß-fn-epw- k-ao-]-\-ß-fn-epw- E-Pphpw- ti-jv-

T-hpw- kw-i-b-c-ln-X-hp-am-b- am¿-K-am-bn-cp∂p A-h¿- kzo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-

Xv.- k-aq-l-Ø-n-\v- km-tcm-]-tZ-i-ßƒ- \¬-I-p-I- am-X-a-√,- A-h- kz-Po-hn-

X-Øn¬- ]-I¿-Øn°m-Wn-®p-sIm-Sp°p-IIq-Sn- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p- A-h¿.-

Cu- kz-`m-h ssh-in-jv-Ty-ß-sf-√mw-X-s∂- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv-

A-k-Xy-am-Im-\p-≈- km-[y-X-bn-s√-∂v- hyIv-X-am-°m≥- t]m-∂-Xm-Wv.- kz-

¥-am-bn- I-f-f-tam- h-©-\-tbm- kzm¿-Y-X-tbm- io-en-®n-ń-√m-Ø- H-cmƒ- k-

aq-l-Øn¬- X-ym-K-ßƒ- k-ln-®p-sIm-≠v- H-cp- "]-®-°-≈w'- ]-N-cn-∏n-°p-

hm-\p-≈- k-m-[y-X- Xo-sc-bn-s√-∂p-X-s∂- ]-d-bmw.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂

X-ß-ƒ-°v- ssZ-hn-I-t_m-[-\w- e- n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p-sh-∂pw- A-Xn-s≥d-

A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn-em-Wv- X-ßƒ- kw-kmcn-°p-∂-sX-∂p-ap-≈- ]-h-m-N-I-∑m-

cp-sS- A-h-Im-i-hm-Zw- I-f-hm-Ip-hm-\p-≈- km-[y-X- Xo-sc- hn-c-f-am-Wv.- a-

c-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®- ]-h-m-N-I- h-N-\-ßƒ- \q-dp-i-X-am-\w- k-

Xy-k-\v-[-am-sW-∂v- ]-d-bp-hm-\p-≈- Im-c-Ww- C-Xm-Wv.-

C-Xn-ep-]-cn- X-ßƒ- ssZ-h-Zq-X-∑m-cm-sW-∂-Xn-\v- hy-Iv-X-am-b- Zr-jv-Sm-

¥-ß-fp-am-bn-´m-bn-cp-∂p- A-h¿- P-\-ß-sf- A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂Xv-.- ]-

hm-N-I-∑m¿- Po-hn-®n-cp-∂- k-aq-l-Øn-s≥-d- _p-≤n-]-c-hpw- ssh-Pv-Rm-\n-

I-hp-am-b- I-g-n-hp-I-sf- sh-√p-hn-fn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-kvXp-X- A-am-

\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm-¥-ßƒ.- Hm-tcm- k-aq-l-Øn-\pw- A-Xn-\-\p-k-cn-®- Zr-jv-

15 16


Sm-¥-ß-fm-Wv- \¬-I-s∏-´-Xv.- Cu- Zr-jv-Sm-¥-ßƒ-°v- ap-ºn-¬- k-aq-l-Øn-

s≥-d- I-gn-hp-I-fpw- A-dn-hp-I-fpw- ap-´p-Ip-Øn. tam-si- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d-,-

ssZ-h-I¬-]-\-]-Im-cw- \n-e-Øn-´m¬- ]m-ºm-Ip-∂- h-Sn-°p- ap-ºn¬- A-

∂-sØ- k-I-e-hn-[- Pm-ehn-Zy-°m-cpw- tXm¬-hn- k-Ω-Xn-®p.- tb-ip- Im-

Wn-®,- a-cn-®-h-sc- Pohn-∏n-°p-I- Xp-S-ßn-b- A-am-\p-jn-I- I-gn-hp-Iƒ-°p-

ap-ºn¬- A-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂- k-I-e- `n-j-Kz-c-∑m-cpw- ap-´p-a-S-°n.- `m-c-Xo-b-

E-jn-am-cpw- X-ßƒ-°v- ssZ-h- t_m-[-\w- e-`n-°p-∂p-s≠-∂v- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-

∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n- A-am-\p-j-n-I- I-gn-hp-Iƒ- ]-I-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.-

k-aq-l-Øn-s≥-d- hf¿-®-°-\p-k-cn-®- Zr-jv-Sm-¥-ß-fm-Wv- Hmtcm- ]-hm-N-

I-\pw- \¬-I-s∏-´-Xv.- X-ßƒ- ssZ-h-Øn-s≥-d- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cm-sW-∂-Xn-

\pw- X-ßfp-sS- D-]-tZ-i-ßƒ- ssZ-hn-I-t_m-[-\-Øn-s≥-d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-

Øn-ep-≈-Xm-sW-∂pw- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-∂-Xn-\v- ]-cym-]v-X-am-b- sX-fn-hp-I-fm-

bn-cp-∂p- A-h.-

tem-I-Øv- F-hn-sS-sb-√mw- a-\p-jy-cp-t≠m- A-h-n-sS-sb-√mw- kz¿-K-sØ-

°p-dn-®v- k-t¥m-j-hm¿-Ø- A-dn-bn-°p-I-bpw- \-c-I-sØ-°p-dn-®v- ap-∂-dn-

bn-∏-v- \¬-Ip-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n- ssZ-h-Zq-X-∑m¿- I-S-∂p-h-∂n-

´p≠v.- ]hm-N-I-s≥-d- \n-tbm-K-an-√m-sX- H-scm-‰- kaq-lhp-w- I-gn-™p-

t]m-bn- n-√.- sk-an-‰n-Iv- h¿-K-ßƒ-°n-S-bnepw- B-^n-°-°m¿-°n-S-bn-epw- m-

c-Xo-b-cn-te-°p-sa-√mw- ssZ-h-Zq-X-∑m¿- I-S-∂p-h-c-n-I-bpw- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-

hn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®v- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-´p≠v.- ]-c-tem-I-sØ-°p-dn-®v-

t_m-[-hm-∑m-cm-°p-I- am-X-a-√,- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- sN-bv-X-Xv.- ]-Xyp-X,- ]-c-

tem-I-tam-£-Øn-\v,- A-Y-hm- \-c-I-Øn¬-\n-∂v- c-£-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- kz¿-K-

Øn¬- ]-th-in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-Xn-\v,- F-¥p- Po-hn-X-co-Xn-bm-

Wv- ]n-¥p-S-tc-≠-sX-∂v- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn- Im-Wn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-Iq-Sn- sN-

b-v-Xn-´p-≠v,- A-h¿.- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-]-c-am-bn- H-tc- X-Øz-ßƒ-X-s∂-bm-Wv-

A-h-sc-√mw- ]-Tn-∏n-®-Xv.- P-\-ß-fn¬- k-Xy-k-\v-[-X-bpw- B-Xv-am¿-Y-X-bpw-

h-f¿-Øn- ]-c-tem-I-Øn-se- in-£-bn¬-\n-∂v- A-h-sc- tam-Nn-∏n-°pI-bpw-

c-£-°p-th-≠n- ]m-]-v-X-cm-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-

cp-sS-sb-√mw- B-K-at\m-t±iyw.- A-Xn-\m-h-iy-am-b- \n-b-a-\n¿-tZ-i-ß-fpw-

I¿-a-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpam-Wv- A-h¿- ]-T-n-∏n-®-Xv.-

A-¥y]-hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®- ]-h-N-\-ßƒ

hy-X-y-kv-X- k-aq-l-ß-fn-te-°v- \n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- - ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS- ]-

t_m-[-\- Zu-Xyw- B- ]tXy-I- k-aq-l-Øn¬- am-X-am-Wv- H-Xp-ßn-\n-∂-

Xv.- k-ap-Zm-b-ßƒ- X-Ωn¬- C-∂-tØ-Xp-t]m-se-bp-≈- _-\v-[-ß-tfm- A-

Sp-∏-tam- C-√m-Xn-cp-∂- A-°m-e-Øv- A-Xp-am-X-am-bn-cp-∂p- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-

am-b- \-S-]-Sn-.- H-tc- Im-e-b-f-hn¬-X-s∂- hy-Xy-kv-X- k-aq-l-ß-fn¬- Po-hn-

®- hy-Xy-kv-X-cm-b- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- tem-IØ-n-\p- ap-gp-h≥-

kzo-I-cn-°m≥- ]-‰p-∂- k-tµ-i-ß-fp-am-bn- hc-m-\-n-cn-°p-∂- H-cp- a-lm-]-

hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®v- ssZ-h-Zq-X-∑m-sc-√mw- Zo¿-L-Z¿-i-\w- \-S-Øn-bn-´p-≠vv-.-

X-ß-fp-sS- Zu-Xyw- H-cp- ]-tX-y-I- tZ-i-Øn-se-tbm- k-aq-l-Øn-se-tbm- a-

\p-jy-tcm-Sv- am-X-am-sW-∂pw- A-¥y-]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- B-K-a-\-tØ-m-sS- tem-

I-w- sF-Iy-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- H-‰-s°-´m-bn- H-tc- B-Nm-c-ß-fpw- hn-izm-k-ß-fpw-

kzo-I-cn-°m≥- ]-‰p-∂- co-Xn-bn-em-Ip-I-bpw- sN-øp-sa∂pw- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿-

]-hNn-®-Xm-bn- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.- ss_-_n-fn-s≥-d- ]-g-b-Xpw- ]p-Xn-b-

Xp-am-b- \n-b-a-]p-kv-X-I-ß-fn-epw- ssl-µ-h-]p-cm-W-ß-fn-ep-sa-√mw- h-cm-

\n-cn-°p-∂- H-cp- a-lm-]-hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®- ]cm-a¿-i-ßƒ- Im-Wm-hp-∂-

Xm-Wv.-

h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂-- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-sc--°p-dn-®v- hym-k-ap-\n- ]-h-Nn-®-Xv- C-ß-

s\-bm-Wv:-

""G-X- kv-an-∂-¥-tc- tæ-O- B-N-m-tc-y-W- k-a-\zn-X-

a-lm-a-Z- C-Xn-Jym-Zx- in-jy- im-Jm- k-a-\zn-Xw''-

(A-t∏mƒ- a-lm-a-Z- F-∂- t]-cn¬- hn-tZ-inb-m-b- H-cp- B-Nm-cy≥- X-

s≥d- A-\p-N-c-∑m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn- ]-Xy-£-s∏-Spw ˛`-hn-jy¬-]p-cm-Ww- 3:-3:-3:-

5).-

Cu- hn-izm-Nm-cy-s≥-d- A-\p-bm-bn-I-fp-sS- kz-`m-h- k-hn-ti-j-X-I-sf-

°p-dn-®pw- kmw-kv-I-m-cn-I- Nn-lv-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-t]m-epw- `-hn-jy¬- ]p-cm-

Ww- ]-hNn-°p-∂p-≠v.- A-Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv-:-

""enw-K-tO-Zn- in-Jm- lo-\x- iv-a-ip-[m-cn- k-Zp-j-I-

D-®m-e-]o- k¿-∆- `-£n- `-hn-jy-Xn- P-\-tamw-

hn-\- Iu-i-e-w- N-h- i-h-kv-tXm- jm- `-Iv-j-bm- aXm-amw-

ap-ssk-sse-\-h- kw-kv-Im-cx- Ip-ssi-cn- `-h- hn-iz-Xn-

X-kv-am¬- ap-k-e- h-t¥m-ln- Pm-X-tbm- [¿-Ω- Zq-j-I-x-

C-Xn-ss]-im-N- [¿-Ωiv-N- `-hn-jy-Xn- am-bm-Ir-X''

(A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- A-\p-bm-b-n-Iƒ- tN-em-I¿-aw- sN-øpw.- A-h¿- Ip-Sp-

17 18


a- sh-°p-I-bn-√.- A-h¿- Xm-Sn- h-f¿-Øpw.- A-h¿- hn-π-h-Im-cn-I-fm-bn-cn-

°pw.- ]m¿-Y-\-°p- h-cm≥- D-d-s°- B-lzm-\w- sN-øpw.-- ]-∂n-sb-sbm-gn-

®v- a-‰p- an-°- ar-K-ß-sf-bpw- A-h¿- `-£n-°pw.- ip-≤n- sN-øm≥- Z¿-`- D-]-

tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p- ]-I-cw- k-a-cw- sN-bv-Xv-- A-h¿- ]-c-n-ip-≤-cm-Ipw.- a-X-

sØ- a-en-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h-cp-am-bn- bp-≤w- sN-øp-∂-Xn-\m¬- ap-ssk-sse-

\-h-∑m¿- F-∂-h¿- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-w.- Cu- amw-k-`p-°p-I-fp-sS- B-hn¿-`m-hw-

F-∂n¬- \n-∂m-bn-cn°pw ˛`-hn-jy¬- ]p-cm-Ww- 3:-3:-3:-25˛28)-.-

tam-si- ]-hm-N-I-\v- A-¥y-]-hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®v- ssZ-hw- \¬-Ip-∂- hm-

Kv-Zm-\-sØ-°p-dn-®v- ss_-_nƒ- ]-g-b- \n-b-aw- ]-d-bp-∂-Xnß-s\-bm-Wv-:-

""\ns∂-t∏m-se H-cp- ]-hm-N-I-s\- A-h-cp-sS- k-tlm-Z-c-∑mcn¬-\n-∂v-

A-h¿-°m-bn- Rm≥- D-b¿-Øpw.- Rm-≥- F-s≥-d-- h-N-\-ßƒ- A-bm-fp-sS-

\m-hn¬- \n-th-in-∏n-°p-w.- Rm≥- I¬-]n-°p-∂-h-sb-√mw- A-bmƒ- A-h-

tcm-Sv- kw-km-cn-°pw.- A-bm-ƒ- F-s≥-d-- \m-a-Øn¬- D-Nv-O-cn-°p-∂- F-

s≥-d- hm-°pIƒ- sN-hn-s°m-≈m-Ø-h-t\m-Sv- Rm≥-X-s∂- I-W-°p-tNm-

Zn-°pw''- (B-h¿-Ø-\w- 18:-18,- 19)-

tb-ip-In-kv-Xp-hpw- h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂- ]-hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®v- C-ß-s\- Zo¿-

L-Z¿-i-\w- sN-bv-Xp:-

""F-¶n-epw- k-Xyw- Rm≥- \n-ß-tfm-Sp- ]-d-b-p-∂p;- Rm≥- t]m-Ip-∂-Xv-

\n-ß-fp-sS- \-∑°m-Wv.- Rm≥- t]m-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬- k-lm-b-I≥- \n-ßfp-

sS- A-Sp-°¬- h-cn-I-bn-√.- Rm≥- t]m-bm¬-,- A-h-s\- \n-ß-fp-sS- A-Sp-

°-te-°v- Rm\-b-°pw.- A-h≥- h-cp-tºmƒ- ]m-]-sØ-bpw- \o-Xn-sb-bp-w-

\ym-b-hn-[n-sb-bpw- ]-‰n- tem-I-sØ- t_m-[y-s∏-S-p-Øpw''- (tbm-l-∂m≥-

16:-7,- 8)-.- "C-\n-bpw- ]-e- Im-cy-ßƒ- F-\n-°p- \n-ß-tfm-Sp- ]-d-bm-\p-≠v.- F-

∂m¬- C-t∏m-ƒ- \n-ßƒ-°v- A-Xp- Xm-ßm-≥- km-[y-a-√.- k-Xym-Xv-am-hv-

hcp-tºmƒ- A-h≥- \n-ß-sf- F-√m- k-Xy-Øn-te-°pw- \-bn-°pw.- kz-¥w-

A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬-\n-∂v- H-∂p-a-h≥- ]-d-bp-I-bn-√.- F-∂m¬,- Xm≥- tIƒ-

°p-∂-sX-¥pw- A-h≥- ]-d-bpw.- h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂- Im-cy-ßƒ- A-h≥- \n-

ß-tfm-Sp- ]Jym-]n-°pw''- (tbm-l-∂m≥- 16:-12,- 13).-

A-\v-[-Im-c-Øn¬-\n-∂v- tem-I-sØ- tam-Nn-∏n-°p-∂- kq-c-y-s\-t∏m-se-

im-¥-kp-µ-c-am-b- H-cp- tem-I-Øn-s≥-d- D-Z-b-hp-am-bn- ]-Xy-£-s∏-Sm\n-cn-

°p-∂- a-lm-\m-b- B-Nm-cy-s\- Im-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p- `m-c-Xo-b¿-. `-

hn-jy¬- ]p-cm-W-Øn¬- A-h-km-\w- h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂- B-Nm-cy-s\- "a-lm-

a-Zv '-- F-∂v- hn-fn-®-t∏mƒ- hn-jv-Wp-]p-cm-Ww- (hn-jv-Wp-]p-cm-Ww- Aw-iw- 4

A-[ym-bw- 24) A-t±-l-sØ- ]-cn-N-bs∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv- I¬-°n- A-h-Xm-cw-

F-∂m-Wv.- A-Y¿-h-th-Z-Ø-n-se- (AY¿-h-th-Zw- 20:- 127)- Ip-¥-]--kq-Iv-X-am-

I-s - "hm-gv-Ø-s∏-Sp∂--h≥- F-∂m-Wv- A-t±-l-sØ-°p-dn--®v- ]-cm-a-¿-in-°p-

∂-Xv.-

I-en-bp-K-Øn¬-,- H-cp- a-W¬-Zzo-]n¬- hn-jv-Wp-`-K-Øn-s≥-d-bpw- (ssZ-h-

Zm-k≥-)- kp-a-Xn-bp-sS-bpw- (hn-iz-kv-X-)- a-I-\m-bn- P-\-n-®v- tem-I-Øn-\v-

sh-fn-®w- \¬-Ip-∂-h-\m-Wv- I¬-°n.- H- -I-ß-fp-sS- tem-I-Øp-\n-∂pw- tem-

I-Øn-s≥-d- hn-tam-N-I-\m-bn- ]-Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂bm-fm-Wv- A-Y¿-h-th-Z-Øn-

se- hm-gv-Ø-s∏-´-h≥-.- k¿-h-tem-I-Øn-\pw- kzo-I-cn-°m≥- ]-‰p-∂- k-tµ-

i-ß-f-p-a-m-bn- I-S-∂p-h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂- H-cp- a-lm-]p-cp-j-s\-°p-dn-®- k-¶¬-

]w `m-c-Xo-b- Zm¿-i-\n-I- K-\v-Y-ß-fn-ep-S-\o-fw- Im-Wm-\m-hp-sa-∂v- km-

cw.-

tam-si-bp-sS- A-\p-bm-bn-I-fm-b- C-km-bo-ey-cm-I-s´,- tam-si-sb-t∏m-

ep-≈- ]-hm-N-I≥- h-cp-sa-∂- B-h¿-Ø-\-]p-kv-X-I-Øn-se- ]-h-N-\-Øn-

s≥-d- ]q¿-Øo-I-c-Ww- ]-Xo-£n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-.- C-km-bo-ey-cp-sS-

k-tlm-Z-c-∑m¿-°n-S-bn¬-\n-∂v- D-b¿-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂- a-lm-]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- B-

K-a-\-am-bn-cp-∂p- A-h¿- Im-Øn-cp-∂-Xv.- B- ]-hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®p-X-s∂-

a-‰p- ]-e- Zo¿-L-Z¿-in-I-fpw ]-h-N-\w- \-S-Øn-b-Xm-bn- Im-Wmw.- bn-sc-ay-m-

]-hm-N-I≥- ]-d-™-Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv:-

""k-am-[m-\w- ]-h-Nn-°p-∂- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- Im-cy-Øn-em-I-s´,- A-bm-f-p-

sS- h-N-\w- k-Xy-am-bn- Xo-cp-tºmƒ- A-bm-sf- I¿-Øm-hv- A-b-®-Xm-sW-

∂v- A-dn-bmw''- (bn-sc-aym- 8:-9).- tam-si-sb-t∏m-se-bp-≈- ]-hm-N-I-s\-°p-

dn-®v- D¬-]-Øn- ]p-kv-X-I-Øn-s≥-d- ]-kv-Xm-h-\- Im-Wp-I:-

"" A-h-Im-in- h-cp-thm-fpw- sN-t¶m¬- b-lq-Zm-bn¬-\n-∂v- H-gn-™p-t]m-

Ip-I-bn-√.- cm-P-Z-Wv-Uv- A-bm-fp-sS- ]m-Z--ß-ƒ-°n-S-bn¬-\n-∂v- am-dp-I-bn-

√.- P-\-X-I-fp-sS- hn-t[-b-Xzw- A-bm-tfm-Sm-b-n-cn-°pw''- (D¬]-Øn- 49:-10).-

tam-si-°p-ti-jw- h-∂- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS-sb-√mw- hyIv-Xn-Xz-hpw- hn-

em-k-hpw- C-km-bo-ey¿- ]-cn-tim-[n-®p.- A-h-cm-cpw-X-s∂- "tam-si-sb-t∏m-

se-bp-≈- ]-hm-N-I≥'- F-∂- hn-ti-j-W-Øn\v- A¿-l-c-s√∂v- A-h¿- a-

\- n-em-°n.- tam-si- ap-X¬- tb-ip-h-sc-bp-≈- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-sc-√m-h-cpw

C-km-bo-ey¿-°n-S-bn¬-\n-∂v- h-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.- C-km-bo-ey-cp-sS- k-tlm-

19 20


Z-c-∑m¿-°n-S-bn¬-\n-∂√. tam-si-°p- \¬-I-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se-bp-≈- \n-b-a-

ß-tfm- at‰m- \¬-I-s∏-´-h-cp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√- A-h¿.- k-am-[-m-\w- ]-h-Nn-

°p-I-bpw- ]-hm-N-I-Xz-Øn-s≥-d- sN-t¶m¬- b-lq-Zn-Ifn¬-\n-∂v- \o-°n-°-

fbp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂- B- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- B-K-a-\w- Im-Øn-cn-°p-Ibm-

bn-cp-∂p- A-h¿.- C-km-bo-ey¿-°n-S-bn-te-°v- A-b-°-s∏Sp-∂- A-h-km-\-

sØ- ssZ-h-Zq-X-\m-b- tb-ip-sh-bpw- tem-I-Øn-\p- ap-gp-h-\p-am-bn- h-cm\n-

cn-°p-∂- B- ]-hm-N-I-s\-bpw- Ip-dn-®v- b-lq-Z-∑m¿-°v- ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v- \¬-

I-s∏-´n-cp-∂p.- X-ß-fn-te-°v- \n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´- Hm-tcm- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-tcm-

Spw- blq-Z¿- tNm-Zn-®p:- \n-ßƒ- In-kv-Xp-hm-tWm;- B- ]-hm-N-I-\m-tW-

m-, F-∂v.- C-°m-cy-w- tb-i-p-hn-\v- ap-ºp-h-∂- tbml-∂m≥- kv-\m-]-I-t\m-Sv-

b-lq-Z-]p-tcm-ln-X-∑m¿- \-S-Øn-b- kw-`m-j-W-Øn¬-\n-∂v- kp-X-cmw- hy-

Iv-X-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.- A-h¿- tNm-Zn-®p:- "\o- In-kv-Xp-hm-tWm?'- "Rm≥- In-

kv-Xp-h-√'- F-∂-bmƒ- G-‰p-]-d-™p.- A-h¿- A-bm-tfm-Sp- tNm-Zn-®p:- "F-

¶n¬- \o- ]n-s∂- B-cm-Wv-?- G-en-bm-tbm?' A-bmƒ- ]-d-™p-:- "A-√'.- "\o-

B- ]-hm-N-I-\m-tWm-?'- A-bmƒ- a-dp-]-Sn- ]-d-™p-:- "A-√'.- (tbm-l-∂m≥-

1:-20˛23).- tb-ip-hn-\p- ti-j-hpw- b-lq-Z-∑m¿- "B- ]-hm-N-I-s\'- Im-Øn-cn-

°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.-

C-k-bo-en-se- A-h-km-\-sØ- ]-hm-N-I-\m-bn- tb-ip-hpw- tem-I-Øn-

te-°v- h-∂p.- A-t±-lw- C-km-bo-ey-cn-te-°v- am-Xw- A-b-°-s∏-´- ]-hm-N-

I-\m-bn-cp-∂p.- "C-km-tb¬- -h-\-Øn-se- \-jv-S-s∏-´- B-Sp-I-fp-sS- A-Sp-

tØ-°p- am-X-am-Wv- F-s∂- Ab-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv '- (a-Øm-bn- 15:24) F-∂-

In-kv-Xp-h-N-\-Øn¬- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- Zu-Xyw- b-lq-Z¿-°nS-bn¬-am-Xw-

]-cn-an-X-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v- hy-Iv-X-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.- A-t±-l-hpw- tam-si-sb-

t∏m-se-bp-≈- ]-hm-N-I-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- tam-si-bp-sS- P-\-\w- km-[m-c-W-

co-Xn-bn-em-b-n-cp-∂p (]n-Xm-hn-s≥-d-bpw- am-Xm-hn-s≥-d-bpw- kw-K-a-Øn¬-

\n-∂v-).- tb-ip- ]n-Xm-hn-√m-sX- Xn-I-®pw- A-km-[m-c-W- \n-e-bn-em-Wv- P-

\n-®-Xv.- tam-si-°v- `m-cy-bpw- a-°-fp-w- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- tb-ip-hn-\v-

A-sXm-∂pw- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- tam-si-]-hm-N-I≥- -cWm-[n-Im-cn-Iq-Sn-bm-

bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- tb-ip- ]-hm-N-I≥- am-X-am-bn-cp-∂p.- tam-si-°v- \ym-

b-]am-Ww- \¬-I-s∏- p.- tb-ip-hm-I-s - tam-si-bp-sS- \ym-b-]am-W-sØ-

Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-I- am-X-am-Wv- sN-bv-X-Xv.- am-X-hp-a-√,- tb-ip- C-km-b-o-

ey¿-°nS-bn¬-\n-∂v- h-∂- ]-hm-N-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p;- C-km-bo-ey-cp-sS- ktlm-

Z-c-∑m¿-°n-S-bn¬-\n-∂-√.- A-Xp-sIm≠p-X-s∂- B-h¿-Ø-\- ]p-kv-X-I-

Øn¬- ]-h-Nn-°-s∏-´- tam-si-sb-t∏m-se-bp-≈- ]-hm-N-I≥- tb-ip-hm-bn-

cp-∂n-√.-

h-c-m-\n-cn-°p-∂- ]-hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®v- In-kv-Xp- ]-h-Nn-®- Im-cyß-sf°p-

dn-®v- ]-d-™p-h-t√m.- ""Rm≥- t]m-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬- -k-lm-b-I-≥- \n-ßf-p-sS-

A-Sp-°-te-°v- h-cn-I-b-n-√''- F-∂m-Wv- tb-ip- Zo¿-L-Z¿-i-\w- sN-bv-X-Xv.- C-

hn-sS- "k-lm-b-I≥'-- F-∂v- ]-cn- m-js∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv- Ko-°n-se- "]m-

c-¢o-‰-kv '-- (paracletos)- F-∂- ]-Z-sØ-bm-Wv-.- Cu- ]-Z-hp-am-bn- i-_v-Z-km-

Zr-iy-ap-≈- ]-Z-am-Wv- s]-cn-¢n--t‰m-kv '- (periclytos)- F-∂- ]-Zw-.- tb-ip- kw-

km-cn-®-Xv- Ko-°v- m-j-bn-e-√-t√m.- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- h-N-\-ßƒ- tc-J-s∏-

Sp-Ø-s∏-´-Xv- A-t±-l-Øn-\v- Ip-td- Im-e-Øn-\p- ti-j-am-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-

≠p-X-s∂- "]m-c-¢o-‰-kv-'- F∂- ]-Z-Øn-t\m- "s]-cn-¢n--t‰m-kv-'- F-∂- ]-Z-Øn-

t\m- F-¥n-\-v- Xp-ey-am-b- ]-Z-am-Wv- tb-ip -]-tbm-Kn-®-sX-∂v- hy-Iv-X-am-bn-

a-\- n-em-°p-hm≥- \-ap-°v- am¿-K-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√.- "k-lm-b-I≥-',- "B-izm-

k-]-Z≥',- "Im-cy-kv-Y≥' F-∂n-ß-s\- ]-cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂- ]m-c-¢o-

‰-kv- F-t∂m- "kv-Xp-Xn-°-s∏-´-h≥'- F-∂v- A¿-Yw- h-cp-∂- s]-cn-¢n--t‰m-kv-

F-t∂m- h-cp-∂- ]-Z-am-bn-cn-°mw In-kv-Xp- X-\n-°p-ti-jw- h-cm-\n-cn-°p-

∂- ]-hm-N-I-s\- kq-Nn-∏n-°phm≥- th-≠n- ]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv.-

A-Xv-- F-¥p-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂m-epw- h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂- H-cp- a-lm-s\-°p-

dn-®m-Wv- Inkv-Xp- Zo¿-L-Z¿-i-\w- sN-bv-X-sX-∂v- Xo¿-®-bm-Wv.- ""Rm≥-

t]m-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬- k-lm-b-I≥- \n-ßf-p-sS- A-Sp-°¬- hcn-I-bn-√.- Rm≥-

t]m-bm¬- A-h-s\- \n-ß-f-p-sS- A-Sp-°-te-°v- A-b-°pw'' F-∂- In-kv-Xp-

h-N-\-Øn¬-\n-∂pw- In-kv-Xp-hn-\v- ti-jw- h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂- H-cm-sf-°p-dn-

®m-Wv- A-t±-lw- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-sX-∂v- hy-Iv-X-am-Wv.- ]-e-t∏m-gpw-,- Cu-

h-N-\-Øn¬- ]-cm-a¿-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- ]-cn-ip-≤m-Xv-a-m-hm-sW-∂v- hym-

Jym-\n-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.- Cu- hym-Jym-\w- i-cn-b-√.- ]-cn-ip-≤m-Xv-am-hv- tb-ip-

hn-\v- ap-ºpw- tb-ip-hn-s≥-d- Im-e-Øp-sa√mw- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂-bm-fms-W∂-v-

- ss_-_n-fn¬-\n-∂v- hy-Iv-X-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.- tbm-l-∂m≥- kv-\m-]-I-t\m-sSm-

∏-hpw- (eq-t°m-kv- 1:-15)- F-en-k-_-Øn-t\m-sSm-∏-hpw- (eq-t°m-kv- 1:-41)- k-

°-cn-bm-hn-t\m-sSm-∏-hpw (eq-t°m-kv- 1:-67)- in-a-tbm-t\m-sSm-∏-hpw- (eq-

t°m-kv- 2:-26)- F-√m-ap-≠m-b-n-cp-∂- ]-cn-ip-≤m-Xv-am-hp-X-s∂- tb-ip- kv-

21 22


\m\w- sN-øp-tºmƒ- A-t±-l-Øn-\-Sp-tØ-°v- ]m-hp- cq-]-Øn¬- C-d-ßn-

bXm-bn- (eq-t°m-kv- 3:-22)- \mw- kp-hn-ti-j-ß-fn¬- hm-bn-°p-∂p.- A-Xp-

sIm-≠p-X-s∂- tb-ip- ]-d-™- k-Xy-Øn-s≥-d- B-Xv-am-hv- ]-cn-ip-≤m-Xv-

am-hv- B-Im≥- bm-sXm-cp- km-[y-X-bp-an-√.- P-\-ß-sf- k-I-e- k-Xy-Øn-

epw- h-gn- \-S-Øp-I-bpw- ]m-]-sØ-bpw- \o-Xn-sb-bpw- \ym-bh-n-[n-sb-bpw-

Ip-dn-®v- tem-I-sØ- t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw- h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂- Im-cy-ß-ƒ-

]-h-Nn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂- k-Xy-Øn-s≥-d- B-Xv-am-hm-Ip-∂- k-lm-b-I-

s\- ˛A-s√¶n¬- kv-Xp-Xn-°-s∏-´-h-s\-˛Ip-dn-®m-Wv- In-kv-Xp- Zo¿-L-Z¿-i-

\w- \-S-Øn-b-sX-∂v- hy-Iv-Xw.- B- a-lm-\m-b- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- B-K-a-\-Øn-

\m-bn- tb-ip-hn-s≥-d- A-\p-bm-b-n-Iƒ- Im-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.-

A-h-km-\-sØ- ssZ-h-ZqX≥-

am-\-h-cm-in- Im-Øn-cp-∂- A-h-k-m-\-sØ- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- P-∑-Øn-\v-

C-Sw- -\¬-Ip-hm-\p-≈- `m-Kyw- kn≤n-®-Xv- A-td-_y-°m-Wv.- In-kv-Xzm-_v-

Zw- 570 B-K-kv-‰v- 29˛\v- B-an-\-bp-sS-bpw- A-_v-Zp-√-bp-sS-bpw- ]p-X-\m-

bn- ap-l-Ω-Zv- P-\-n-®p.- "B-an-\'- F-∂- ]-Z-Øn-s≥-d- A¿-Yw- "hn-iz-kv-X'--sb-

∂pw- "A-_v-Zp-√'--bp-sS- A¿-Yw- "ssZ-h-Zm-k≥'- F-∂p-am-sW-∂- Im-cyw-

]-tXy-Iw- ]-kv-Xm-hy-am-Wv.- ssZ-h-Zm-k-s≥-d-bpw- (hn-jv-Wp-`-K-Xv-)- hn-iz-

kv-Xbp-sS-bpw-- (kp-a-Xn-)- a-I\m-bn-´m-W-v- I¬-°n- a-W¬-Zzo-]n¬- A-h-X-

cn-°p-I-sb-∂- hn-jv-Wp-]p-cm-W-Øn-se- ]-kv-Xm-h-\- F-X-am-Xw- Ir-Xy-

am-bm-Wv- ap-l-Ω-Zv- (k-)- \-_n-bp-sS- ]n-d-hn-bp-am-bn- tbm-Pn-°p-∂-Xv!- A-

td-_y- F-∂- a-W¬-Zzo-]n-em-W-t√m- ap-l-Ω-Zv- (k-)- \-_n-bp-sS- P-\-\w.-

hym-k-ap-\n-bp-sS- "a-lm-a-Z- C-Xn- -Jym-X-x-'- (a-lm-a-Zv- F-∂v- hn-fn-°-s∏-Sp-

∂p)- F-∂- ]-h-N-\w- A-¥y-]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- \maw- t]m-epw- F-X- Ir-Xy-am-

bm-Wv- ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv!- "hm-gv-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-h≥-',- "kv-Xp-Xn-°-s∏-´-h≥'-

F-∂n-ßs\-bm-Wv- ap-l-Ω-Zns≥-d- ]-Z]-c-am-b A--¿-Yw.- A-Y¿-h-th-Zw- Ip-

¥]--kq-Iv-X-Øn-se- H- -I-ßƒ-°n-S-bn¬-\n-∂v- h-cp-∂- "hm-gv-Ø-s∏- '-h-s\-

°p-dn-®- kq-Iv-X-hpw- tb-ip-hn-s≥-d- s]-cn-¢n-t‰m-kn-s\- (kv-Xp-Xn-°-s∏-´-

h≥-)- Ip-dn-®- ]-h-N-\-hpw- H-tc-t]m-se- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)-bn¬- ]q¿-Øo-

I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xm-bn- \-ap-°v- Im-Wm≥- Ign-bp∂p.- tam-si-sb-t∏mse-bp-

≈- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- B-K-a-\w- Ckm-tb-ey-cp-sS- k-tlm-Z-c∑m¿-°n-S-bn¬-

\n-∂m-Wp-≠m-hp-I-sb-∂- B-h¿-Ø-\- ]p-kv-X-I-Øn-se- ]-h-N-\-hpw- ap-

l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)bn¬- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.- A-_-lm-an-s≥-d- Zzn-Xo-

b- ]p-X-\m-b- C-kv-lm-°n-s≥-d- k-¥-Xn-I-fm-Wv- C-ktb-ey¿.-- B-Zy-]p-

X--\m-b- C-i-v-atb-en-s≥-d- k-¥Xn--Iƒ- C-iv-am-bo-ey-¿- B-Wv- A-d-_n-Iƒ.-

A-d-_n-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬-\n-∂v- A-Y-hm- C-km-bo-ey-cp-sS- k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-cm-

b C-iv-am-bo-ey¿-°-n-S-bn¬-\n-∂v- D-b¿-Ø-s∏-´- tam-si-sbt∏m-se-bp-≈-

]-hm-N-I≥- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)- A-√m-sX- a-‰m-cm-Wv?- P-\-\-Øn-epw- Po-

hn-X-Øn-epw- Zu-Xy-Øn-epw- F-√mw- tam-si-sb-t∏m-se-bmbn-cp-∂p- ap-l-

Ω-Zv- \-_n- (k-)-.- ]p-Xn-b- \n-b-a-ßƒ- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- cmPy- -c-Ww- G¬-

]n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n- (k)bp-sS- P\-\-hpw- a-c-W-

hpw- Po-hn-X-hp-sa-√mw- tam-si-sb-t∏m-se- Xn-I-®pw- km-[m-c-W- co-Xn-bn-

ep-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- B-K-a-\-tØm-sS-bm-Wv- D¬-]-Øn-

]p-kv-X-I-Øn¬- ]-h-N-n-°-s∏- -Xp-t]m-se-,- ]-hm-N-I-Xz-Øn-s≥-d- sN-t¶m¬-

blq-Zn-Ifn¬-\n-∂v- am-‰-s∏-´-Xv-.-

ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n- (k)- Cu- tem-I-Øn-se- A-h-km-\-sØ- a-\p-jy≥- h-

sc-bp-≈- k-I-e-cp-sS-bpw- ]-hm-N-I-\m-Wv.- A-t±-lØn-s≥-d- c-l-ky-

hpw- ]-c-ky-hp-am-b- Po-hn-X-w- ap-gp-h-≥- \-ap-°v- ap-ºn¬- Xp-d-∂p-sh-°-s∏-

ń-cn-°p-∂p.- tem-I-Ø-v- a-s‰m-cp- t\-Xm-hn-s≥-d-bpw- Po-hn-Xw- A-t±-l-Øn-

s≥-d- Po-hn-X-sØ-t∏-m-se- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-ń-√.- A-ß-s\- tc-J-s∏-Sp-

Ø-s∏-´m¬- B-Z-c-Wo-b-cm-b- ]-e- hy-Iv-Xn-I-fpw- A-\m-Z-c-Wo-b-cm-bn- Xo-

cpw.- ]-t£,- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- Po-hn-Xw- t\m-°p-I.- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- Ip-fn-

ap-dn- ap-X¬- In-S-∏-d- h-sc-bp-≈- ap-g-p-h≥- Po-hn-X-hpw- \-ap-°v- am-Xr-Im-

tbm-Ky-am-Wv.- ]-cn-]q¿-W-\m-b- H-cp- a-\p-jy-\m-bn-cp-∂p- A-t±-lw.- a-\p-

jy-Xz-Øn-s≥-d- F-√m- Kp-W-ß-fpw- A-t±-l-Øn¬- k-ºq¿-W-am-bn- ]-Im-

in-®n-cp-∂p.- ]-kw-K-ß-fpw- D-]-tZ-i-ß-fp-w am-X-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ ]-hm-N-

I≥- tem-I-Øn-\v- kw-`m-h-\- sN-bv-X-Xv.- kz-¥w- Po-hn-X-sØ-Ø-s∂- X-

s≥-d- B-Z¿-i-ß-ƒ-°p-≈- ]-m-tbm-Kn-I- am-Xr-I-bm-°n- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°m≥-

Ign-™p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- hn-P-bw.- em-am¿-

ń≥- F--gp-Xn-:-- "X-Øz-Pv-Rm-\n, ]-kw-K-I≥, ssZ-h-Zq-X≥,- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-

Xm-hv,- t]m-cm-fn,- B-i-b-ß-fp-sS- tP-Xm-hv-,- A-_-≤-k-¶¬-]-ß-fn¬-\n-

∂v- ap-Iv-X-am-b- B-Nm-c-hnti-j-ß-fp-sS-bpw- bp-Iv-Xn-_-\v-[p-c-am-b- hn-

izm-k-]-am-W-ß-fp-sS-bpw- ]p-\x-kv-Ym-]-I≥,- C-cp-]-Xv- ù-Xn-I- km-am-

P y-ß-fp-sS- kw-kv-Ym-]-I≥ A-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- ap-l-Ω-Zv.- a-\p-jy-a-l-X-z-Øn-

s≥-d- F-√m- am-\-Z-Wv-U-ß-fpw- sh-®v- ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ- \mw- hy-Iv-X-

23 24


am-bpw- tNm-Zn-t®-°mw:- "ap-l-Ω-Zn-t\-°mƒ- a-lm-\m-b- a-‰p- h-√- a-\p-jy-cp-

ap-t≠m?'-(LA MARTIN: HISTORIE DE LA TURQUIE-Vol IIPage 277)

P-\n-°p-∂-Xn-\p- ap-ºp-X-s∂- ]n-Xm-hpw- G-gp- h-b- p-≈-t∏mƒ- am-Xm-

hpw- a-c-W-s∏-´- ap-l-Ω-Zv- Xn-I-®pw- A-\m-Y-\m-bn-´m-Wv- h-f¿-∂p-h-∂-Xv.-

A-\m-Y-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬- A-∂v- A-td-_y-bn¬- e-`y-am-bn-cp-∂- kw-c-

£-W-ßƒ-X-s∂- e-`n-°m-sX-bm-Wv- A-t±-lw- h-f¿-∂p-h-∂-Xv.- hn-Zym-`ym-

kw- A¬-]w- t]m-epw- e-`-n-°m-Ø-Xn-\m¬- F-gp-Øpw- hm-b-\-bpw- A-dn-

bm-Ø-h-\m-bn-´m-Wv- A-t±-lw- Po-hn-®-Xv.- Ip-ń-°m-e-Øv- A-d-_n-°p-ń-I-

tfm-sSm-∏w- B-Sp- ta-°-p-I-bpw- bp-hm-hm-b-t∏mƒ- I-®-h-S-Øn¬ G¿-s∏-

Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- Po-hn-X-hpw- k-l-hm-k-hpsa-√mw- km-

[m-c-W-°m-cm-b- A-d-_n-I-tfm-sSm-∏-am-bn-cp-∂p.- I-≈p-Ip-Sn-b-∑m-cpw-

s]Æp-]n-Sn-b-∑m-cpw- bp-≤-s°m-Xn-b-∑m-cpw- hn-K-lm-cm-[-I-cp-am-b- A-

d-_n-I-fp-sS- Iq-sS.- F-∂m¬- A-h-cp-sS- Zp-kz-`m-h-ß-sfm-∂p-w-X-s∂- A-

t±-l-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- H-cn-°¬t]m-epw- hn-K-l-ßƒ-°p-ap-ºn¬- A-

t±-lw \-a-in-c-kv-I-\m-bn-cp-∂n-ń-√.- I-f-thm- A-k-`y-hm-°p-I-tfm- A-t±-

l-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-cpw- i-hn-®n- n-√. H-cn-°-se-¶n-epw- N-Xn-tbm- h-©-\-tbm-

sN-bv-X-Xm-bn- A-t±-l-Øn¬- B-cpw- B-tcm-]n-®n-ń-√.- kz-t_m-[w- h-∂-

ti-jw- A-t±-l-sØ- B-cpw- \-Kv-\-\m-bn- I-≠n-ń-√.- A-\y-cp-sS- H-cp- Im-

ip-t]m-epw- A-t±-lw- A-\ym-b-am-bn- F-Sp-Øp-sh-∂v- B-cpw- ]-d-™n-ń-

√.- Zpx-Jn-°p-∂-h-tcm-sSm-∏w- ]-¶p-tN-cp-∂- ]-Ir-X-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p- A-

t±-lw.- A-\m-Y-sc-bpw- A-K-Xn-I-sf-bpw- k-lm-bn-°m≥- A-t±-lw- ap-º-

¥-n-bn¬- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- hn-[-h-I-fp-sS- ]-iv-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®-dn-™v- k-lm-

bn-°m-\m-bn- A-t±-lw- ]-cn-i-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p-.- hn-i-°p-∂-h¿-°v- -£-

Ww- \¬-Im-\pw- bm-X-°m-sc- ip-iq-jn-°m-\pw- A-t±-lw- i-an-®p.- P-\-

ßƒ-°n-S-bn¬- i-Wv-T-bpw- kw-L-´-\-ßfpw- D-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ- k-\v-[n-°pw-

tbm-Pn-∏n-\pw- th-≠n- A-t±-lw- ]-b-Xv-\n-®p. F-√m-hn-[- am-en-\y-ß-fp-sS-

bpw- Iq-Ø-c-ßm-b- B- k-aq-l-Øn¬- bm-sXm-cp- am-en-\y-hpw- sXm-´p-Xo-

≠m-Ø-h-\m-bn- A-t±-lw- Po-hn-®p.- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- Cu- \-√- kz-`m-h-

ß-sf-sb-√mw- k-aq-lw- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®p.- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- hn-iz-kv-X-X-bn¬-

A-h¿-s°-√mw- h-en-b- a-Xn-∏m-bn-cp-∂p.- X-s≥-d- k-Xy-k-\v-[-X-°p-≈- Aw-

Ko-I-m-c-am-b-n- k-aq-lw- A-t±-l-sØ- A¬-A-ao≥-˛hn-iz-kv-X≥-˛F-∂m-bn-

cp-∂p- hn-fn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.-

\m¬-]-Xm-a-sØ- h-b- n-em-Wv- ap-l-Ω-Zn-(k-)-\v- ]-hm-N-I-Xzw- e-`n-®-

Xv.- ]-]-©-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- k-Xyw- A-t±-lw- ]-Jym-]n-®p.- "Cu-

tem-I-sØ- ]-S-bv-°p-I-bpw- ]-cn-]m-e-n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂- G-

I-\m-b- A-√m-lp-hn-s\- am-X-ta- B-cm-[n-°p-hm≥- ]m-Sp-≈q.- A-h≥- A-

b-®- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cn-se- A-h-km-\-sØ- I-Æn-bm-Wv- Rm≥.- F-s∂- A-

\p-k-cn-°p-I.- Cu- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d- A-¥y-am-b- a-c-Ww- a-s‰m-cp- Po-hn-X-

Øn-s≥-d- Xp-S-°-am-Ip-∂p.- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-Xw- ˛A-hn-sS-sh-®m-Wv- C-

l-tem-I-Øn-se sN-bv-XnIƒ-°v- ]q¿-W-am-b- ]-Xn-^--ew- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-I.-

\-∑-sIm-≠v- Po-hn-Xw hn-a-e-am-°n-b-h¿-°v- kz¿-Ko-b- kp-Jm-\p-`-q-Xn-Iƒ.-

Xn-∑-sIm-≠v- Po-hn-Xw-- hn-Ir-X-am-°n-b-h¿-t°m- \-c-I-bm-X-\-Iƒ.- ]-c-tem-

I-Øn¬-sh-®v- k-z¿-Kw- t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv- a-\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d- ]-

c-aa-m-b- e-£yw.- B- e-£y-Øn-se-Øp-hm≥- ssZ-h-Zq-X-s≥-d- Po-hn-X-co-Xn-

]n≥-]-‰n-s°m-≠v- Po-hn-°p-I-bm-Wv- th-≠-Xv '- ˛C-Xm-Wv- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n

(k-)--bp-sS- D-]-tZ-i-ß-fp-sS- c-Xv-\-®p-cp-°w.-

kXyØn-s≥-d- ]m-X-bn-eq-sS- N-cn-°p-hm≥- D-]-tZ-in-®- ap≥- ]-hm-N-I-

∑m-sc-t∏m-se-X-s∂- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n(k-)-bpw a¿-Zn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- A-]-am-

\n-°s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- F-¶n-epw- k-Xy-Øn-s≥-d- sh-fn-®w- I-≠- a-\p-

jy¿- A-Xn¬- B-Ir-jv-S-cm-bn.- C-Xp- I-≠- A-\v-[-Im-c-Øn-s≥-d- D-]m-k-

I¿-°v- I-en-bn-fIn.- A-h¿- a-¿-Z-\-ßƒ-°v- Du°p-Iq-ń.- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d-

A-\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬- ]-e-cpw- sIm-√-s∏-´p.- Iq-c-a-m-b- a¿-Z-\-ßƒ-°v- A-h¿-

hn-t[-b-cm-bn.- ]-t£,- A-N-©-e-cm-bn- A-h¿- \n-e-sIm-≠p.- P-\n-®p-h-f¿-

∂- \m-Spw- ho-Spw- Dt]-£n-®p-t]m-hm≥- ]-hm-N-I-\pw- A-\p-bm-bn-I-fpw-

X-bm-dmth-≠n-h-∂p.- A-Xpw- \-S-∂p˛ ]-em-b-\w.-- hn-izm-kw- kw-c-£n-°-

m-\m-bn- kz-¥w- \m-Spw- ho-Spw- Ip-Spw-_m-Zn-I-sf-bp-sa√mw- Dt]-£n-®v- A-

h¿- bm-X-bm-bn- a-Zo-\-bn-se-Øn- Xm-a-kn-®p.- A-k-Xy-Øn-s≥-d- Im-h¬-

°m¿- A-hn-sS-bpw- A-t±-l-Øn-\v- sskz-cyw- sIm-Sp-Øn-√.- k-Xy-hn-izm-

kw- kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n- ]-hm-N-I-\pw- A-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ-°pw- A-

h-km-\w- hm-sf-Sp-t°-≠n-h-∂p.- bp-≤-ßƒ-!- bp-≤-ßƒ!-- k-Xy-Øn-s≥-d-

kw-c-£-W-Øn-\p-th-≠n- \q-dp-I-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ-°v- Po-h≥- sIm-Sp-t°-

≠-n-h-∂p.- A-h-km-\w- k-Xyw- P-bn-°p-I-X-s∂- sN-bv-Xp.- A-td-_y- ap-gp-

25 26


h≥- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- a-X-Øn-s≥-d- Io-gn-em-bn.-

C-cp-]-Øn-aq-∂p- h¿-j-°m-ew- sIm-≠v- F-s¥-¥v- am-‰-ß-fm-Wv- ]-hm-

N-I≥- kr-jv-Sn-®-sX-∂v- a-\- n-em-°p-tºm-tg- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- B-Z¿-i-

ßƒ- F-¥p- am-Xw- Ip-‰-a-‰-Xm-sW-∂v- a-\- n-em-hq.- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)-

b-p-sS- B-K-a-\-Øn-\p- ap-ºpw- ]n-ºp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂- A-td-_y≥- k-aq-l-

Øn-s≥-d- Nn-X-sam-∂p- ]-cn-tim-[n-°p-I.- cm-jv-So-b-hpw- ssk-\n-I-hp-am-

bn- A-kw-LS--n-X-cm-bn-cp-∂,- \n-b-X-am-b- Ir-jn-ku-I-cy-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√m-

Xn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬- Im¿-jn-I-am-bn- ]n-t∂m-°w- \n-∂n-cp-∂-,- hn-Zym-`-ym-k- cw-

K-Øv- h-´-∏q-P yw- am-X-am-bn-cp-∂,- Nn-In¬-km-cw-K-Øv- H-∂-p-a-√m-Xn-cp∂,-

A-\v-[-hn-izm-k-ßƒ- kr-jv-Sn-®- A-[-a-Xzw- t]-dn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂,- a-Zy-Ø-n-

epw- a-Zn-cm£n-bn-epw- a-b-ßn-°n-S-∂n-cp-∂,- tKm-X-a-ln-a-bp-sS- t]-cn¬-

tNm-c-°-f-ßƒX-s∂- ]-S-°m≥- X-bm-d-m-bn-cp-∂- H-cp- k-aq-lw.- C-Xm-

Wv- ]-hm-N-I-\n-tbm-K-Øn-\p-ap-ºp-≈- A-td-_ybp-sS- Nn-Xw.-

C-\n- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)-°v- ti-j-ap-≈- A-td-_ybp-sS- Nn-Xw- ]-cntim-

[n-°p-I.- kw-kv-Im-c-ß-sf- sh-√p-∂- H-cp- ]p-Xn-b- kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-s≥-d-

hm-l-I-sc- \-ap-°-hn-sS- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bp-∂p.- A-e-Iv-km-≠n-b-tb-°mƒ-

h-en-b- kmw-kv-Im-cn-I- tIµ-am-bn- A-td-_y- am-dn.- im-kv-X- km-t¶-Xn-I-

cw-K-ß-fn-¬- A-∂-sØ- A-Xn-Im-b-∑m-cm-b- Ko-°p-Im-tc°mƒ- B- cw-

K-Øv- D-b¿-∂p\-n¬-°m≥- A-h¿-°v- I-g-n-™p.-

\q-‰m-≠p-Ifp-sS- cm-jv-So-b- \m-b-I-Xzap--≠m-bn-cp-∂- tdm-an-s\-bpw-

t]¿jy-sbbpw- A-h¿- hn-d-∏n-®p.- tKm-XI-e-l-ß-fn¬- X-Ωn¬- tNm-c-Nn-

¥n-bn-cp-∂- A-h¿- sF-Iy-Øn-s≥-d- [-z-P-hm-l-I-cm-bn- am-dn.- [¿-a-hpw- A-

[¿-a-hpw- F-¥m-sW-∂-dn-bm-Xn-cp-∂- A-h¿- [m¿-an-I- X-Øz-ß-fp-sS- ]-

Nm-c-I-cm-bn.- C-Xm-Wv- ]-hm-N-I≥- kr-jv-Sn-®- hn-π-hw.- kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-

cw-K-Øv- h-´-∏q-P y-am-bn-cp-∂ H-cp- P-\-X-sb- sh-dpw- C-cp-]-Øn-aq-∂v- h¿-

j-°m-ew- sIm-≠v- kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-s≥-d- ]-c-tam-∂-X- io¿-j-Øn-se-Øn-°m≥-

I-gn-™- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- hn-π-h-Øn-\p- Xp-ey-am-b- H-cp- hn-π-hw- tem-I-N-

cn-X-Øn¬- F-hn-sS-sb-¶n-epw- Im-Wm-\m-hp-tam?-

F-ßs\-bm-Wv- ]-hm-N-I≥- C-X- D-Zm-Ø-am-sbm-cp- am-‰w- km-[n-s®-

Sp-Ø-Xv?- P-\-a-\- p-I-fn¬- ssZ-h-hn-i-zm-k-hpw- ]-c-tem-I-t_m-[-hpw- h-

f¿-Øp-I-bm-Wv- ]-hm-N-I≥- sN-bv-X-Xv.- A-\-iz-c-am-b- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-

hn-X-Øn-te-°p-≈- Ir-jn-bn-Sw- am-X-am-Wv- Cu- tem-I-Po-hn-X-sa-∂- hn-i-z-m-

kw- h-f¿-∂p-h-∂-t∏mƒ- C-l-Øn¬- F-¥p- Xym-Kw- kln-®pw- ]-c-te-m-I-

ku-Jyw- t\-S-W-sa-∂- B-Klw- A-h-cn-ep-≠m-bn.- kr-jv-Sm-hpw- kw-c-£-

I-\p-am-b- X-ºp-cm-\v- kz-¥w- Po-hn-Xw- ka¿-∏n-°p-hm≥- A-h¿- X-bm-dm-

bn.- ]-S-®-X-ºp-cm-s≥-d- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ- Aw-K-o-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠v, A-Xv- Po-

hn-X-Øn¬- ]q¿-W-am-bpw- ]m-en-®p-sIm-≠p- ap-t∂m-´p-t]m-Im≥- A-h¿-

k-∂-≤-cm-b-t∏mƒ- A-h¿- a-\p-jy-Xz-Øn-s≥-d- D-Pv-P z-e- m-hßfn-se-Øn.-

ssZ-h-Øn-\v- kz-Po-hn-X-sØ- k-ºq¿-W-am-bn- k-a¿-∏n°p-I- h-gn- a-\p-jy-

Xz-Øn-s≥-d- D-Zm-Øo-I-c-W-w- km-[n-®-h-cm-bn- ˛ap-kv-enw-I-fm-bn- am-dn- A-

h¿.- "C-kv-emw'-- F-∂- ]-Z-Øn-\v- A¿-Yw-,- k-a¿-∏-Ww,- k-am-[m-\w- F-∂n-

ß-s\-bm-Wv-.- k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\v- kz-¥w- Po-hn-X-sØ- k-ºq¿-W-am-bn- k-a¿-

∏n-°p-I-h-gn- ssI-h-cp-∂- k-am-[m-\-am-Wv- C-kv-emw- F-∂v- ]-d-bmw.- ap-l-

Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k-)-sb-°p-dn-®v- bn-sc-aym- Zo¿-L-Z¿-in-bp-sS- ]-h-N-\w- Hm¿-°p-

I:- ""k-am-[m-\w- ]-h-Nn-°p-∂- ]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- Im-cy-Øn-em-I-s´-,- A-bm-

fp-sS- h-N-\-w- k-Xy-am-bn- Xo-cp-tºmƒ- A-bm-sf- I¿-Øm-hv- A-b-®-Xm-

sW-∂-dn-bmw' (bn-sc-aym- 28:-9).- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n- (k)- ]-h-Nn-®- k-am-[m-\w-

C-kv-em-am-bn-cp-∂p-˛k-ºq¿-W- k-am-[m-\-Øn-s≥-d- Z¿-i-\w.-

e-£-W-bp-Iv-X-am-b- th-Z-K-\v-Yw-

A-¥y-]-hm-N-I-\n-eq-sS- tem-I-Øn-\v- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´- th-Z-K-\v-Y-

am-I-s´- A-Xv-`p-X-ß-fp-sS- A-Xv-`p-X-am-sW-∂-Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw.- B-Zyw-

B-ń-S-b-\pw- ]n-s∂- I-®-h-S-°m-c-\p-am-bn-cp-∂- H-cp- a-\-p-jy≥-.- A-bmƒ-

°v- F-gp-Øpw- hm-b-\-bpw- kn-≤n-®n- n-√.- \m¬]-Xv- h-b- p-h-sc- bm-sXm-

cp- km-ln-Xym-`n-cp-Nn-bpw- A-t±-lw- ]-I-Sn-∏n-®n-ń-√.- A-t±-lw- \m-¬-]-Xv-

h-b- m-bt∏mƒ- kp-µ-c-am-b- ]-Z-ßƒ-- ]d-bp-∂p.- K-Zy-hpw- ]-Zy-hp-a-√mØ-

ssi-en-bn¬- B-sc-bpw- hn-kv-a-bn-∏n-°p-∂- k-tµ-i-ßƒ- sam-g-n-bp-∂p-.-

A-Xp-h-sc- \n-b-a-K-\v-Y-ßƒ- I-≠n-ń-√m-Ø- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- sam-gn-I-

fn¬- A-Xp-ey-am-b- \n-b-a-\n¿-tZ-i-ßƒ- D-≠v.- th-Zw- ]-Tn-®n-ń-√m-Ø- A-t±-

l-Øn-s≥-d- ]-Z-ß-fn¬- [m¿-an-I- \n-b-a-ßƒ- D-≠v.- N-cn-Xw- a-\- n-em-°n-

bn- n-√m-Ø- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- hm-°p-I-fn¬- ap≥-Im-e- N-cn-X-ß-fp-≠v.- A-

Xm-Wv- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-Bs\-∂- A-Xv-`p-X-w.- \n-c-£-c-\m-b- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-

(k)-bp-sS- -A-[-c-ß-fn-eq-sS-b-m-Wv- A-Xv- tem-Iw- i-hn-®-Xv.- ]-t£,- A-

Xn-s≥-d- ssi-en-bpw- L-S-\-bpw- cq-]-hp-sa-√mw- A-Xp- ap-l-Ω-Zn-(k)-s≥-d-

c-N-\-b-s√-∂v- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-∂p.- km-ln-Xy-hpw- im-kv-X-hpw- \n-b-a-hpw-

27 28


N-cn-X-hp-sa-√mw- hy-Iv-X-am-bn- A-dn-bm-hp-∂- B-tcm- F-gp-Xn-s°m-Sp-Ø-

Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww- A-Xv.- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿B-\p-am-bn- tem-I-Øn-\p-ap-ºn¬- ]-

Xy-£-s∏-´- hy-Iv-Xn- H-cn-°¬- t]m-epw- I-f-hp-]-d-bp-I-tbm- h-©-\- \-S-

Øp-I-tbm- sN-b-v-Xn-ń-√m-Ø-bm-fm-sW-∂p-≈- h-kv-Xp-X- Hm¿-°p-I.- A-

Xp-ey-am-b- km-ln-Xy-ssi-en-bn¬- F-gp-X-s∏-´- hn-i-p-≤- Jp¿-B-\p-am-bn-

a-\p-jy¿-°n-S-bn-te-°v- C-d-ßn-h-∂- A-t±-lw- A-h-Im-i-s∏-´-Xv- C-Xp- X-

s≥-d- c-N-\-bm-sW-∂-√.- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿-°v- F∂p-w- D-∂-X-am-b- kv-

Ym-\w \¬-In-t∏m-∂- A-td-_y≥- k-aq-l-Øn-te-°m-Wv- A-Xn-kp-µ-c-am-

b- km-ln-Xy-ssi-e-ntbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b- H-cp- c-N-\-bp-am-bn- ap-l-Ω-Zv- (k)- ]-

Xy-£-s∏-´-Xv.- C-Xv- X-s≥-d- kr-jv-Sn-bm-sW-∂v- A-t±-lw- A-h-Im-i-s∏-ń-

cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cp-sS- IqsS- D-∂-X-io¿-j-\m-bn- A-t±-

lw- K-Wn-°-s∏Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- F-∂m¬- ap-l-Ω-Zv- (k)- ]-d-™-Xv- Cu- K-

\v-Yw- X-t≥-d-Xm-Wv- F-∂-√,- ]-Xyp-X- F-√mhn-[- hn-Pv-Rm-\o-b-ß-fn-epw-

A-Km-[-am-b- Pv-Rm-\-ap-≈- ssZ-hw- F-\n-°v- X-∂-Xm-Wv- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.-

Po-hn-X-Øn-sem-cn-°-epw- I-f-hp-]-d-™n-ń-√m-Ø- H-cp- hyIv-Xn-bm-Wv- C-Xv-

]-d-bp-∂-sX-t∂m¿-°p-I.- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\ns≥-d- ssi-en-bpw- D-≈-S-°-

hp-sa-√mw- A-Xv- H-cn-°-epw- H-cp- a-\p-jy-s≥-d- c-N-\-bm-bn-cn-°p-hm-≥- km-

[y-X-bn-s√-∂-Xn-\v- km-£yw- h-ln-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.-

C-∂v- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂- th-Z-K-\v-Y-ß-fn¬- kz-bw- ssZ-hn-I- K-\v-Y-sa-

∂v- A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂- G-I-K-\v-Yw- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- am-X-am-Wv.- A-h-

X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´- cq]-Øn¬-X-s∂- C-∂pw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂- G-I-th-Z-K-\v-Y-

hpw- Jp¿-B≥-X-s∂.- kp-Zo¿-L-am-b- C-cp-]-Øn-aq-∂v- h¿-j-ß-ƒ-°-n-S-bn¬-

hn- n-∂-ß-fm-b- ]-cn-X-kv-Yn-Xn-I-fn¬-sh-®v- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cp-

∂- Jp¿-B≥- kq-Iv-X-ßƒ- XΩn¬- ssh-cp-≤-y-ß-tfm- n-∂-X-tbm- Im-W-

s∏-Sp-∂n-√.- Jp¿-B\n-ep-≈- [m¿-an-I- \n-b-a-ßƒ- km¿-h-Im-en-I-ß-fm-

Wv.- A-Xv- hn-`m-h-\w- sN-øp-∂ km-∑m¿-Kn-I- kw-hn-[m-\-am-I-s´,- In-S-b-‰-

Xm-Wv.- A-Xp- \¬-Ip-∂- [m¿-an-I- k-Zm-Nm-c- \n-b-a-ßƒ-°v- Xp-ey-am-b-

\n-b-a-ßƒ- a-t‰-sXm-cp- K\v-Y-Øn-ep-an-√.- A-Xv- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂- N-cn-Xw- I-

f-¶-c-ln-X-hpw- k-Xy-k-\v-[hp-am-Wv.- A-tXm-sSm-∏wX-s∂- A-Xv- ]-m-tbm-

Kn-I-hp-am-Wv-.- F-√m- A¿-Y-Øn-epw- X-a-kn-s≥-d- ]-cym-b-am-bn-cp-∂- H-cp-

P-\-X-sb- tI-h-ew- C-cp-]-Øn-aq-∂v- h¿-j-°m-ew- sIm-≠v- kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-

s≥-d- D-∂-X- io¿-j-Ø-n-se-Øn-°m≥- I-gn-™- Jp¿B-\n-\v- Xp-ey-am-bn-

tem-I-sØ- ]-cn-h¿-Øn-∏n-°m≥- I-gn-™- a-s‰m-cp- K-\v-Yw- am--\h-- N-cn-

X-Øn¬- F-hn-sS-bpw- D-≠m-bn-ń-√.- A-tX!- Jp¿B≥-X-s∂-bm-Wv- F-√m-

A¿-Y-Øn-epw- e-£-W-bp-Iv-X-am-b- th-Z-K-\v-Yw.- kq-£v-am-ep-°ƒ-°v- am¿-

K-Z¿-i-I-am-Im≥- I-gn-bp-∂- Jp¿-Bs\-t∏m-ep-≈- a-s‰m-cp- K-\v-Y-hp-an-

s√-∂-Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw.-

""C-Xm-Ip-∂p- K-\v-Yw-.- A-Xn¬- kw-i-b-ta-bn-√.- kq-£v-a-X- ]m-en-°p-

∂-h¿-°v- t\¿-h-gn- Im-Wn-°p-∂-XtX- A-Xv ''- (A¬-_-J-d- 2).-

ap≥- th-Z-ß-sf-t∏m-se- tI-h-ew- H-cp- th-Z-K-\v-Yw- am-X-a-√- Jp¿-B≥.-

A-Xv- A-¥y-]-hm-N-I-\p-≈- A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm-¥w- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv.- Xm≥-

]-hm-N-I-\m-sW-∂-Xn-\p-≈- Zr-jv-Sm-¥w.- ap-ºp-≈- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿-°v- \¬-

I-s∏-´- Zr-jv-Sm-¥-ß-sf-√mw- A-h-cp-sS- A-h-km-\-tØm-sS- A-h-km-\n-

®-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- F-∂m¬-,- A-¥y-]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm-

¥-am-I-s´-,- A-Xv- A-h-km-\-sØ- a-\p-jy≥- h-sc-bp-≈-h¿-°v- ap-gp-h\pw-

- ap-∂n¬- H-cp- a-lm-Xv-`p-X-am-bn- \n-e-\n¬-°p-I-bm-Wv.- F-¥m-Wv- Jp¿-B-

\n-s\- H-cp- A-am-\p-jn-I- K-\v-Y-am-°p-∂-Xv?- A-Xn-s≥-d- ssi-en,- kz-m-[o-

\w,- D≈-S-°w- C-h-sb-√mw- A-am-\p-jn-IwXs∂-.- A-d-_n-km-ln-Xy-Øn-

se- A-Xn-Im-b-∑m¿-°n-S-bn-te-°v- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´- Jp¿-Bs≥-d- km-

ln-Xy-ssi-entbm-Sp- sh-√m-hp-∂- H-cp- ssi-enbn¬- C-Xp-h-sc- A-d-_n-

bn¬- H-cp- c-N-\-bpw- D-≠m-bn-ń-√.- AXp-t]m-se- P-\-lr-Z-b-ß-sf- kz-m-

[o-\n-®- a-s‰m-cp- K-\v-Y-hpw- tem-I-N-cn-X-Ø-n¬- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bp-∂n-√.-

tim-Xm-hn-s≥-d- _p-≤n-°v- Xr-]v-X-n-bpw- a-\- n-\v- k-am-[m-\hpw- e-`n-°p-

∂-tXm-sS-m-∏w A-h-s≥-d- lr-Z-b-Øn¬- am-‰-ß-fpw- D-≠m-°p-∂- K-\v-Y-am-

Wv- Jp¿-B≥.-

A-X-p\-S-Øn-b- ]-h-N-\-ß-fm-I-s´,- A-£-cw-]-Xn- ]-p-e¿-∂n- -p-≠v.- hn-

ip-≤- Jp¿-Bs≥-d- ]-h-N-\-ß-sfm-∂pw- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xm-bn-

C-√.- A-Xn-se- ]-cm-a¿-i-ß-sfm-∂pw-X-s∂- A-k-Xy-am-sW-∂v- sX-fn-bn-

°-s∏-ń-´p-an-√.- im-kv-X-km-t¶--Xn-I- cw-K-Øv- te-m-Iw- h-´-∏q-P y-am-b Im-

e-Øv- F-gp-X-s∏-´- H-cp- K-\v-Y-Øn-se- H-cp- ]-kv-Xm-h-\- t]m-epw- sX-‰m-

sW-∂v- sX-fn-bn-°m≥- B- c-w-K-sØ- hn-π-h-ßƒ-°v- km-[-n-®n-ń-s√-∂-Xp-

X-s∂- h-ensbm-cp- AXv-`p-X-am-Wv.- am-X-a√,- im-kv-Xw- ]p-Xn-b- ]p-Xn-

b- Is≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ- \-S-Øp-tºmƒ- Jp¿-B-\n-s≥-d- A-]am-Zn-Xz-hpw- A-

P-ø-X-bpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Iq-S-p-X¬- sX-fn-™p-h-cn-I-bm-Wv- b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬-

29 30


sN-øp-∂-Xv.- hm-\-im-kv-X-Øntem- `q-an-im-kv-X-Øn-tem- k-ap-Z-im-kv-

X-Øn-tem- `q-W-im-kv-X-Øn-tem- H-∂pw- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\- Pv-Rm-\w- t]m-

epw- C-√m-Xn-cp-∂- Im-e-Øv- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´- Jp¿-B-\n-se- h-N-\-ßƒ-

]-kv-Xp-X- im-kv-X- i-m-J-I-fn-se- B-[p-\n-I- I-≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-ß-fp-am-bn-

]q¿-W-am-bpw- tbm-Pn-°p-∂p-sh-∂ h-kv-Xp-X- A-Xv k¿-h-Pv-Rm-\n-bm-

b- k-jv-Sm-hn-s≥-d- ]-°¬-\n-∂p-≈-Xm-sW-∂v- kp-X-cmw- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-

∂p.-

]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS-sb-√mw- a-Xw-

ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n- (k)- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- kv-Ym-]-I-\-√-;- H-tc-sbm-cp- ]-hm-

N-I-\p-a-√.- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- A-h-km-\-sØ- ]-hm-N-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p- A-t±-

lw.- ap≥- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS- ap-gp-h≥- ]n-≥-Km-an-bm-sW-∂m-Wv- A-t±-

lw- A-h-Im-i-s∏-´-Xv.- t\m-l-bp-sS-bpw- A-_-lm-a-n-s≥-d-bpw- tam-si-

bp-sS-bpw- tb-ip-hn-s≥-d-bpw- am-X-a√,-- tem-I-sØ-hn-sS-sb-√mw- ssZ-h-

Zq-X-∑m¿- h∂n-´p-t≠m- A-h-cp-sS-sb-√mw- ]-n≥-Km-an.- k-Xy-Ø-n-s≥-d- k-

tµ-i-hm-l-I-cm-bn- k-jv-Sm-hv- sX-cs™-Sp-Ø-b-®- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-c-p-sS-

\n-tbm-Kw- D-≠m-Im-Ø- H-scm-‰- k-ap-Zm-b-an-s√-∂Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw.- hn-

ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- ]-kv-Xm-hn-°p-∂-Xv- Im-Wp-I:-

""H-cp- Xm-°o-Xp-Im-c≥- I-gn-™p-t]m-hm-Ø- H-cp- k-ap-Zm-b-hp-a-n-√''- (^m-

Xzn¿- 24).-

""Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- Hm-tcm- k-ap-Z-m-b-Øn-epw- \mw- Zq-X-s\- \n-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-

≠v-''- (\-lv¬- 36)--.-

tem-I-Øp-h-∂- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- ap-gp-h-≥- ]-t_m-[-\w- sN-bv-X- a-X-am-

Wv- C-kv-emw- k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\p-≈- k-ºq¿W-am-b- k-a¿-∏-Ww.- Cu- k-a¿-

∏-Ww- F-ß-s\- km-[n-°p-sa-∂v- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn- Im-Wn-®p-X-cm-\m-Wv-

]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- h-∂-Xv.- ]-hm-N-I-irw-J-e-bn-se- A-h-km-\sØ- I-Æn-bm-

Wv- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n- (k)- F-∂v- ]-d-™p-h-t√m.- A-t±-l-Øn-eq-sS-bm-Wv-

C-kv-em-w- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xv.- k¿h-i-Iv-X-\v- kz-¥-sØ- k-a¿-∏n-°p-

I- h-gn- a-\p-jy-Po-hn-X-sØ- F-ß-s\- hn-a-eo-I-cn-°mw- F-∂v- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-

am-bn- Im-Wn-®p X--∂- ]-hm-N-I-\m-Wv- A-t±-lw.- \-tS -kq-Nn-∏n-®-Xp-]Im-

cw A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- Po-hn-X-Øn-se- h-ep-Xpw- sN-dp-Xp-am-b- Im-cy-ß-sf-

√mw- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.- A-Xv- -q-an-bn-se- A-h-km-\-sØ- a-\p-

jy≥- h-sc-bp-≈- k-I-e¿-°pw- am-Xr-I-bm-Wv.- kvt\-l-\n¿-`-c-\m-b- km-

[m-c-W-°m-c≥,-- k-Xy-k-\v-[-\m-b- I-®-h-S-°m¿,- Z-bm-ep-hm-b- km-aq-ln-

I- ]-h¿-Ø-I≥,- ]-tcm-]-Im-cn-bm-b- A-b¬-hm-kn,- Imcp-Wy-hm-\m-b-

`¿-Øm-hv,- hm¬-k-ey-\n-[n-bm-b- ]n-Xm-hv-,- Xn-∑-sb- I-Tn-\-am-bn- sh-dp-°p-

I-bpw- F-∂m¬,- Xn∑- sN-øp-∂-h-sc- A-Xn¬-\n-∂v- c-£n-°m≥- i-an-°p-

I-bpw- sN-øp-∂- ]-cn-jv-I¿-Øm-hv,- \o-Xn-am-\m-b- `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn,- C-ß-

s\- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d- F-√m- cw-KØpw- H-cp- a-\p-jy≥- F-ß-s\-bm-h-W-

sa-∂v- ]-Tn-∏n-®-bm-fm-Wv- ]-hm-N-I≥.- ssZ-h-Øn\v-- kz-¥-sØ- k-a¿-∏n-

°p-I-h-gn-˛ ap-kv-en-am-Ip-I- h-gn-˛ F-ß-s\- a-\p-jy-Xz-Øn-s≥-d- D-Zm-Øo-I-

c-Ww- km-[n-°p-sa-∂v- A-t±-lw- \-ap-°v- Im-Wn-®p-X∂p.- kz-¥w- Po-hn-X-

Øn-s≥-d- am-X-r-I-bn-eq-sS- A-t\-Iw- ap-kv-enwI-ƒ-°v- P-∑-w- \¬-Ip-hm-\pw-

A-ß-s\- am-Xr-Im-tbm-Ky-am-b- H-cp- k-aq-l-Øn-s≥-d- kr-jv-Sn- km-[n-°p-

hm-\pw- I-gn-™p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n- (k)-sb- a-‰p- ]-e- hn-π-h-

Im-cn-Im-cn-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- hy-Xn-cn-Iv-X-\m-°p-∂-Xv.-

H-cp- Z¿-i-\w- k-ºq¿-W-hpw- ]-cn-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\v- \n-an-Ø-hpam-sW-∂v-

]-d-bm≥- I-gn-bp-I,- A-Xn-s≥-d- kn-≤m-¥-ßƒ- Ip-‰-a-‰-Xpw- A-tXm-sSm-

∏w- ]-m-tbm-Kn-I-am-hp-I-bpw- sN-øp-tºmƒ- am-X-am-Wv.- kp-µ-c-am-b- X-

Øz-ßƒ- ]-S-°p-hm≥- F-fp-∏-am-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- ]mtbmKn-I-hpw- AtXm-

sSm-∏w- Ip-‰-a-‰-Xp-am-b- kn-≤m-¥-ßƒ- D-≠m-°p-I- ]bm-k-I-c-am-Wv.- C-

kv-em-an-I- kn-≤m-¥-ßƒ- s]m-Xp-th- aq-∂p- km-t¶-Xn-I- i-_v-Z-ß-fm-em-

Wv- ]-Xn-\n[-o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≈-Xv.- Xu-lo-Zv,- cn-km-e-Øv,- B-Jn-d-Øv- F-

∂n-h-bm-Wv- A-h.- Xu-l-o-Zv-,- ssZ-hn-I-k-Ø-bp-sS- am-Xw- ]-tXy-I-X-bm-

b- G-I-Xz-sØ-bpw- A-h≥- am-Xw- B-cm-[n-°-s∏tS-≠p-∂-Xn-s≥-d- B-h-

iy-I-X-bpw- Ip-dn-°p-∂p.- ssZ-hn-I-am¿-K-Z¿-i-\-sØ-bm-Wv- cn-km-e-Øv- ]-

Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-X-am-Wv- B-Jn-d-Øp-sIm-≠p-≈-

hn-h-£.-

G-I-ssZ-h-hn-i-zm-kw-

Cu- ]-]--©-Øn-ep-≈- k-I-e-h-kv-Xp-°-fpw- A-Xn-\-∏p-d-Øp-≈- H-cp- Im-

c-W-sØ- tX-Sp-∂p-≠v.- ]-c-am-Wp-ap-X-¬- \-£-X-Pm-e-ßƒ- h-s-c-bp-≈-

sN-dp-Xpw- h-ep-Xp-am-bp-≈- ]-m-]-©n-I- h-kv-Xp-°sfm-∂pw-- C-Xn-\-]-hm-

Z-a-√.- Hm-tcm-∂n-s≥-d-bpw- Im-c-W-w- I-s≠-Øp-tºmƒ- B- Im-c-W-hpw- a-

s‰m-cp- Im-c-W-sØ- tX-Sp-∂-Xm-bn- \-ap°v- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bp-∂p.- ]m-]-

©n-I- h-kv-Xp-°-fp-sS- Im-c-Ww- tX-Sn-bp-≈- \-Ωp-sS- A-t\z-j-Ww- A-\-

31 32


¥-am-bn- XpS¿-∂p-t]m-hm-sX- A-h-km-\w- Im-c-Ww- B-h-iyan-√mØ- H-

cp- D¨-a-bn¬- F-Øn-t®-cp-∂p.-- B- k-Ø-bm-Wv- F-√m- A-t\z-j-W-ß-

fp-sS-bpw- A-¥yw.- ]-]-©-Øn-se- H-scm-‰- ]-Xn-`m-k-hpw- Im-c-W-am-h-iy-

an-√m-Ø-Xm-bn- \-ap-°v- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bp-∂n-√.- A-t∏mƒ- Im-c-W-ßƒ-

B-h-iy-an-√m-Ø- ]-cm-i-Iv-X-n- ]-]-©-Øn-\v- ]p-d-Øp-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww.- ]-

Zm¿-Ym-Xo-X-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.- ]-]-©Øn-se- sN-dp-Xpw- h-ep-Xp-am-b- ]-Xn-

`m-k-ß-fp-sS- ap-gp-h-≥- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\- Im-c-W-sØ-bm-Wv- C-kv-emw- "A-

√m-lp-'- F∂v- hn-fn-°p-∂-Xv.-

A-√m-lp- tI-h-e-am-sbm-cp- i-Iv-Xn-tbm- Dä-bn-√mØ- H-cp- Du-¿-

P-cq-]-tam- B-sW-∂v- C-kv-emw- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√.- ]-Zm¿-Y -tem-I-sØ

I-p-dn-®v- am-Xta- a-\p-jy-\v- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°m-\m-hp-I-bp-≈q.- A-Xp-sIm-

≠p -X-s∂- ]Zm¿-Ym-Xo-X-am-b- ssZ-hn-I-k-Ø- a-\p-jy-s≥-d- hn-i-Zo-I-

c-W-Øn-\v- A-Xo-X-am-Wv.- A-√m-lpX-s∂- A-dn-bn-®p -X-∂- Zn-hy -sh-

fn-]m-Sp-I-fn-eq-sS- am-X-ta- A-h-s≥-d- A-kv-Xn-Xz-Øn-s≥-d- kz-`m-h-

sØ I-p-dn-®v- \-ap-°v- A--dnbm≥- I-gn-bq.- ]-c-a-hpw- B-Xy-¥n-I-hpw- B--b- k-Ø-

bm-Wv- A-√m-lp-hn-\p-- -≈Xv F--∂m-Wv- Jp¿-B≥ ]-Tn-∏n-°p∂-Xv.-

A-h≥- A-X-p-ey-\pw- A-Zzn--Xo-b-\p-am-Wv-.- A-P-ø-\pw- A-\yq-\-\p-am-Wv.-

- k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\pw- k¿-h-Im-e- Pv-Rm-\n--bp-am-Wv.- \n-cm-i-b\-pw- \n-cm-ew-

_-\p-am-Wv.- ]-c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\pw- I-cp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Wv.- k-Kp-W-\pw- k-

ºq-¿-W-\p-am-Wv.- k¿-thm-∂-X\pw- k¿-h-tem-I -k-jv-Sm-hp-am-Wv.- A-

√m-lp-hn-s\ I-p-dn-®v- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂- H-cp- Jp-¿-B≥- kq-Iv-X-Øn-s≥-d-

km-cw- Im-Wp-I:-

""A-√m-lp- A-h-\-√m-sX- th-sd- B-cm-[y\n-√.- Po-h\p--≈-h≥-,- kz-b-w-

]-cym-]v-X-\m-b- k¿-h-\n-b-¥mhv.- B-Im-i-ß-fn-epw- q-an-bn-ep-ap-≈-sX-√mw-

A-h-t≥-d-Xm-Wvv.- A-h-s≥-d-b-Sp-Øv- ip-]m-¿-i- sN-øp-∂h≥- B-cp-≠v?-

A-h-cp-sS- ap-∂nep-≈-Xpw- ]n-∂n-ep-≈-Xpw- A-h-\-dn-bmw.- A-h-s≥-d- A-

dn-hn¬-\n-∂v- A-h≥ D-t±-in-®X-√m-sX- A-h¿- bm-sXm-∂pw- A-dn-bp-∂n-

√.- A-h-s≥-d- knw-lm-k-\w- B-Im-i-`q-an-I-sf- Dƒ-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- A-

h-bp-sS- kw-c-£-Ww- A-h-\v- `m-c-a-√.- A-h≥- A-Xyp-∂-X-\pw- a-l-Xz-ta-

dn-b-h-\pw- B-Ip-∂p''- (A¬-_-J-d- 225).-

kq-£v-ahpw- kv-Xq-e-hp-am-b- k-I-e-am-\- h-kv-Xp-°fp-sS-bpw- k-jv-Sm-

hpw- kw-c-£I-\pw- \n-b-¥m-hpw- k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\pw- k¿-h-Pv-R-\p-am-b-h-

\m-Wv- A-√m-lp.- C-X-v- H-cp- Ip-e-ssZ-h-Øn-s≥-d-tbm- tKm-X-ssZ-h-Øn-

t≥-d-tbm- t]-c-√.- F-√m- tZ-i-°m-cp-sS-bpw- `m-j-°m-cp-sS-bpw- h¿-K°m-

cp-sS-bpw-- b-Ym¿-Y-am-b- ssZ-h-Øn-s≥-d- t]-cm-Wv- A-√m-lp.- k-jv-Sm-hpw-

kw-c-£-I-\p-am-b- ssZ-h-Øn-\v- hy-Xy-kv-X- `m-j-Ifn¬- hy-Xy-kv-X- t]-cp-

Iƒ- D-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xm-bn- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.- kw-kv-Ir-X-Øn¬- "]-c-_-

lvaw'-,- "]-c-am-Xv-am-hv '- Xp-S-ßn-b- t]-cp-I-fm-em-Wv- k¿-h-i-Iv-X≥- k-w-t_m-

[-\- sN-ø-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-∂v- D-]-\n-j-Øp-I-fn-se- ]-cm-a¿-i-ß-ƒ- hm-bn-®m¬-

hy-Iv-X-am-Ipw.- ]-g-b- \n-b-a -ss_-_n-fn¬- b-tlm-h,- bm-lv,- A-tUm-Wm-

bn,- G¬-˛Fteym¨,- G¬-i-±-m-b-n,- G¬-,- F-tem-lnw- Xp-S-ßn-b- \m-a-

ßfn-se-√mw- G-I-ssZ-hw- kw-t_m-[-\- sN-ø-s∏-ń-´p-≠vv.- tb-ip- "F-tem-

lnw'- F-∂m-bn-cn-°pw- ssZ-h-sØ- k-w-t_m-[-\- sN-bv-X-sX-∂m-Wv- ss_-

_nƒ- ]-Wv-Un-X-∑m-cp-sS- A-`n-]m-bw.- k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\m-b- ssZ-h-sØ- hn-

fn-°p-hm≥- Jp¿-B≥- D-]-tbm-Kn-®- ]-Zw- "A-√m-lp'--sh-∂m-Wv.- ""k-I-e-hn-

[- B-cm-[-\-I-fpw- b-Y-m¿-Y-Øn¬- A¿-ln-°p-∂-h≥'-'-- F-∂m-Wv- A-√m-

lp- F-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-≈- hn-h-£.- G-sX-¶n-epw- H-cp- ]-tXy-I- h-n-`m-K-Øn-

s≥-d- ssZ-hw- F-∂- \n-e-°-√.- "b-Ym¿-Y-am-b- ssZ-hw'- F-∂- \n-e-°m-Wv-

Jp-¿-B≥- "A-√m-lp-'- F-∂v- ]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

]-m-]-©n-I- ]Xn- m-k-ßƒ- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- k-

jv-Sm-hn-s≥-d- A-k-v-X-n-Xzw- kv-Ym-]n-°p-∂-Xv.-

""H-´-I-Øn-s≥-d- t\¿-°v- A-h¿- t\m-°p-∂n-t√-;- A-sX-ß-s\- kr-jv-Sn-

°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂v-.- B-Im-i-tØ-°v-;- A-sX-ß-s\- D-b¿-Ø-s∏-ńcn-

°p-∂-p-sh--∂v-.- ]¿-h-X-ß-fn-te-°v-;- A-h-sb-ß-s\- \m-ń-\n¿-Ø-s∏-ń-cn-

°p∂p-sh-∂v. `q-an-b-n-te-°v-;- A-sX-ß-s\- hn-Xm-\n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh-

∂v-'' (Km-in-b- 17:-20).-

X-s≥-d- Np‰p-]m-Sn-te-°v- I-tÆm-Sn-®p-sIm-≠v- ]-]-©- kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-

\p- ]n-∂n-se- a-lm-ssN-X-\y-sØ-°-p-dn-®v- a-\- n-em-°m-\m-Wv- a-\p-jy-t\m-

Sp-≈- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d- I¬-]-\.- AXpt]m-se-X-s∂- ]-Ir-X-n-bn-se- Xm-f-

I-a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- kq-Nn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v- _-lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-k-Øn-s≥-d- \n-

c¿-Y-I-X-bnte-°pw- Jp¿-B≥- hn-c¬- Nq-≠p-∂p.-

""A-√m-lp- bm-sXm-cp- k-¥m-\-sØ-b-pw- kzo-I-cn-®n-ń-√.- A-h-t\m-sSm-

∏w- bm-sXm-cp- ssZ-hhpw- D-≠m-bn-´p-an-√.- A-ß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh¶n-¬-

Hm-tcm- ssZ-h-hpw- Xm≥- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xp-am-bn- s]m-bv-°-f-bp-I-bpw- A-h-

33 34


cn¬- Nn-e¿- Nn-e-sc- A-Sn-®-a¿-Øp-I-bpw- sN-øp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- A-h¿- ]-d-

™p-≠m-°p-∂-Xn¬-\n-s∂-√mw- A-√m-lp- F-X- ]-cn-ip-≤≥-!''- (apAv-an-

\q≥- 91).-

]-Zm¿-Y-Øn-s≥-d- G-‰-hpw- sN-dn-b- I-W-am-b- B-‰-Øn-\-I-sØ- C-e-

IvtSm-Wp-I-fpw- t]m-t´m-Wp-I-fpw- \yq-tSm-Wp-I-fpw- aotkm-Wp-I-fpw- t]m-

kntSm-Wp-I-fpsa-√mw- X-Ωn-e-p-≈- ]m-c-kv-]-cyw- hn-kv-a-bm-h-l-am-Wv.- kv-

Y-q-e-]]--©Ø-n-s≥-d- Im-cy-Øn--epw- kv-Yn-Xn- C-Xp-X-s∂.- ]m-]-©n-I- \n-

b-a-ß-fp-sS- sF-Icq-]-yw- A-h-sb-√mw- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv- H-tc- kr-jv-Sm-hp-X-

s∂-bm-sW-∂v- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-∂p.- hy-Xy-kv-X- ssZ-h-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-]--

©Ø-n-se- hy-Xy-kv-X- ]-Xn-`m-k-ßƒ-°v- ]n-∂n-se-¶n¬- A-h- X-Ωn¬- Xm-

f-s∏m-cp-Øw- D-≠mIp-∂-sX-ß-s\?- a-\p-jy-i-co-c-Øn-se- Hm-tcm- hyh-

kv-Y-bpw- ]-c-kv-]-cw- _-\v-[-s∏-´m-Wv- C-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- P-¥p-°-fpw- k-ky-

ß-fpw- ]-c-kv-]-cw- \n-e-\n¬]n\p-th-≠n- B-i-bn-°p-∂p. P-¥p-°-fn-s√-

¶n¬- k-k-y-ßƒ-t°m- k-ky-ß-fn-s√-¶n¬- P-¥p-°ƒt°m- \n-e-\n¬-°m≥-

I-gn-bm-Ø- co-Xn-bn-em-Wv- q-an- kw-hn-[m-\n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- A-Xp-t]m-

se-X-s∂- k-ky-ßƒ- ]-c-k-v-]-chpw- P-¥p-°ƒ- ]-c-kv-]-c-hp-sa-√mw- \n-e-

\n¬-]n-\p-th-≠n- B-i-bn-°p-∂-Xm-bn- Im-Wm-\m-hpw.- Hm-tcm- Po-h-n-Iƒ-

°pw- hy-Xy-kv-X- k-jv-Sm-°fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- Cu- ]-c-kv-]-c-_-\v-[w-

\n-e-\n¬-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.- k-ky-ß-fp-sS- k-jv-Sm-hpw- P-¥p-°-fp-sS- k-

jv-Sm-hpw- X-ß-ƒ- CNv-On-°p-∂- co-Xn-bn-e-h-sb- \n-b-¥n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬-

B- c-≠p- hn-`m-Khpw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.- Np-cp-°-Øn¬- B-Im-i-

`q-an-Iƒ-°v- H-scm-‰- k-jv-Sm-hpw k-w-hn-[m-b-I-\p-am-Wp-≈-sX-∂- h-kv-

Xp-X-°v- \-Ωp-sS- Np-‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬-X-s∂- [m-c-m-fw- sX-fn-hp-I-fp-≠v.- Jp¿-

B-≥- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv- F-X- i-cn!-

""B-Im-i-`q-an-I-fn¬- A-√m-lp- A-√m-Ø- ssZ-h-ßƒ- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-

sh-¶n¬- A-h c-≠p-w- X-I-cm-dm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.- A-t∏mƒ- knw-lm-k-\-

Øn-s≥-d- \m-Y-\m-b- A-√m-lp- A-h¿- ]-d-™p-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-¬-\n-s∂-√mw-

F-X- ]-cn-ip-≤-\m-Ip-∂p-!''- (Aº-n-bm-Av- 22).-

k-jv-Sm-hpw- kw-c-£-I-\pw- kw-lm-c-I-\p-am-b- ssZ-hw- G-I-\m-sW-

∂- X-Øz-am-Wv- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-sc-√mw- ]-Y-a-hpw- ]-[m-\-hp-am-bn- ]-t_m-

[-\w- sN-bv-X-Xv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- a-X-K-\v-Y-ß-fn-e-[n-I-hpw- G-I-ssZ-

h-Xz-Øn-te-°v- sh-fn-®w- ho-ip-∂p-≠v.- ]-e-hn-[- tZ-h-∑m-sc-bpw- k-¶¬-]n-

®n-cn-°p-∂- a-X-K-\v-Y-ß-fn¬-X-s∂- Cu- tZ-h-∑m-cp-sS-sb-√mw- tZ-h-\pw-

k-jv-Sm-hpw- kw-hn-[m-b-I-\p-am-b- H-cp- ssZ-h-sØ- k-¶¬-]n-®-Xm-bn- Im-

Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.- C-Xn¬-\n-∂v- B- a-X- k-aq-l-ß-fnte-°v- h-∂- ]-hm-N-I-

∑m¿- G-I-ssZ-h-hn-iz-m-k-am-Wv- ]-t_m-[-\w- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-sX-∂pw- ]n-

∂o-Sv- ]-kv-Xp-X- a-X-k-aq-l-ßƒ- _-lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bn-te-°v- h-gn-am-dp-

I-bm-Wv- sN-bv-X-sX-∂pw-- \-ap-°v- Du-ln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.-

sslµ-h- a-X-K-\v-Y-ß-fn¬ -

ssl-µ-h- th-Z-kwln-X-I-ƒ- t\m-°p-I.- E-tKz-Z-Øn¬- tZ-h-∑m-cp-sS-

kw-Jy- ap-∂q-‰nap-∏-Øn-aq-∂v- h-sc- s]-cp-In-sb-∂pw- A-Xn¬- ]-[m-\n-I-

fm-b- C-µ≥,- an-X≥,- h-cp-W≥,- A-Kv-\n,- hn-jv-Wp- F-∂n-h¿- Hm-tcm- ]-

tXy-I- h-Ip-∏p-Iƒ- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-∂p-sh-∂pw- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.-

F-∂m¬,- H-cp- `m-K-Øv- tZ-h-∑m¿-°v- h-Ip-∏p-Iƒ- hn-`-Pn-®p- \¬-Ip-∂-

th-Z-ßƒ-X-s∂- a-dp-h-i-Øv- F-√m-‰n-s≥-d-bpw- D-S-a-kv-Y-\m-b- G-I-ssZ-h-

sØ-°p-dn-®pw- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-∂p-≠v.- ln-c-Wy-K¿- ≥,- hn-iz-I¿-am-hv,- ]-Pm-

]-Xn- Xp-S-ßn-b- \m--a-ß-fn-em-Wv- th-Z-ß-fn¬- G-I-ssZ-hw- kw-t_m-[-\-

sN-ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- H-cp- E-tKz-Z-kq-Iv-Xw- t\m-°p-I:-

ln-c-Wy-K¿-`x- k-a-h¿-Ø- Xm-tK-

`q-X-ky- Pm-Xx- ]-cn-tX-I- B-kn-Xv-

k-Zm-[m-c- ]r-Yn-how,- Zym-ap- tX-amw-

I-kv-ssa- tZ-hm-b- l-hn-jm- hn-t[-a.-

(B-Zn-bn¬- ln-c-Wy-K-¿- ≥- am-X-ta- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q.-- A-h-\m-Wv- k-

I-e- p-h-\-ß-fp-sS-bpw- A-[o-im-[n-Im-cn.- A-h≥- q-an-sb-bpw- kz¿-K-sØ-

bpw- A-X-Xp- kv-Ym-\-ß-fn¬- kv-Ym-]n-®p.- A-h-\n¬-\n-∂m-Wv- k¿-h- N-

cm-N-c-ß-fp-ap-≠m-b-Xv.- tem-Iw- ap-gp-h-≥- A-h-s≥-d- I¬-]-\-Iƒ-- A-\p-

k-cn-°p-∂p.- A-Xn-\m¬- A-h-\p- am-Xw- l-hn- ¿-∏n-°p-I)- (E-tKz-Zw- 10:121:1).-

C-tX- B-i-b-apƒ-s°m-≈p-∂- t«m-I-ßƒ- a-‰p- th-Z-ß-fn-epw- Im-Wm≥-

I-gn-bpw.- th-Z-ßƒ- ]-[m-\-am-bpw- B-cy-kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-se- I¿-a-ß-sf-

°p-dn-®m-Wv- hn-h-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- ssl-µ-h- Zm¿-i-\n-I- K-\v-Y-ß-fm-bn- hy-h-

l-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- D-]-\n-j-Øp-I-fm-Wv.- \q-‰n-sb´v-- D-]-\n-j-Øp-I-fm-Wv-

C-∂p-≈-Xv.- A-h-bn¬- ]-e-Xn-epw- hy-Xy-kv-X- tZ-h-∑m-sc- k-¶¬-]n-°p-∂-

Xm-bpw- A-h-tcm-Sp-≈- ]m¿-Y-\-I-fpƒ-s°m-≈p-∂-Xm-bpw- \-ap-°v- Im-Wmw.-

F-∂m¬,- h-f-sc- i-Iv--X-am-b- `m-j-bn¬- G-I-ssZ-hm-Z¿-iw- ]-t_m-[-\w-

35 36


sN-øp-∂- D-]-\n-j-Xv- kq-Iv-X-ß-fp-ap-≠v.- `m-c-X-Øn¬- h-∂- ssZ-h-Zq-X-

∑m-cp-sS- k-tµ-i-ß-fp-sS- kzm-[o-\-am-bn-cn-°mw- Cu- kq-Iv-X-ßƒ-°p-≈-

Im-c-W-sa-∂v- \-ap-°v- Du-ln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.- G-Xm-\pw- Nn-e- D-]-\n-j-Zv-

kq-I-v-X-ßƒ- Im-Wp-I-:-

b- GtIm- Pm-e-hm-\o-i-X- Cu-i- \o-`nx-

k¿-hm≥- tem-Im-\o-i-X- Cu-i- \o-`n-x-

b- G-ssh-I- D-Zv-`-h- kw-`-th- N-

b- G-I-Zzn-Zp-c- ar-Xm-kv-tX- `-h-¥n-

(A-Zzn-Xo-b-am-b- ]-c-am-Xv-am-hv- P-K-Zq-]-P-m-e-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®v- X-s≥-d-

kz-cq-]- `q-X-am-b- im-k-\m-i-Iv-Xn-bm¬- A-Xn-s\- `-cn-°p-∂p.- B-hn-[-

im-k-\m-_-e-Øm¬- k-a-kv-X- tem-I-ß-sf-bpw- tem-I-]m-e-I-∑m-sc-bpw-

b-Ym-tbm-Kyw- `-cn-°p-∂p.- G-I-\m-bn-X-s∂- k-a-kv-X- P-K-Øn-s≥-d-bpw-

D¬-]-Øn-°pw- hn-kv-Xm-c-Øn-\pw- k-a¿-Y-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂- B- _lv-a-sØ-

X-tØ-z-\- A-dn-bp-∂- a-lm-]p-cp-j-∑m¿- A-a-c-∑m-cm-bn- -hn-°p-∂p-)- (tiz-

X-i-Xtcm-]-\n-j-Øv- 3:-1)-

A-]mWn- ]m-tZm- P-h-t\m-Kr-lo-Xm-

]-iy-Xy-N-£p-x-k- i-r-tWm-Xy- I¿-Wx-

k-th-Øn- th-Zyw- \- N- X-kym-kv-Xn- th-Øm-

X-am-lp-c-Kyw- ]p-cp-jw- a-lm-¥w-

(B- ]-c-am-Xv-am-hv- I-c- N-c-W- c-ln-X-\m-sW-¶n-epw- k-a-kv-X- h-kv-Xp-

°-sf-bpw- K-ln-°p-∂-h\pw- A-Xn-th-Kw- k¿-h-X- K-an-°p-∂-h\-pw- I-

Æp-Iƒ- Iq-Sm-sX- k¿-h-hpw- Im-Wp-∂-h\pw- Im-Xp-Iƒ- Iq-Sm-sX- F-

√mw- tIƒ-°p-∂-h-\pw- B-Ip-∂p.- A-h≥- A-dn-tb-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≈-Xv- F-

√mw- A-dn-bp-∂p.- F-∂m¬,- A-h-s\- A-dn-bp-∂-h-\m-bn-´v- B-cp-an-√.- Pv-

R-m-\n-Iƒ- A-h-s\- a-lm-s\-∂pw- B-Zn-]p-cp-j-s\-∂pw- ]-d-bp-∂p)- (tiz-

X-i-X-tcm-]-\n-j-Øv- 3:-19)-

\- Xky- Im-cyw- Ic-Ww- N- hn-Zy-tX-

\- X-ky- k-a-kv-Nm-`y-[n-I-iv-N- Zr-iy-tX-

]-cm-ky- i-Iv-Xn¿- hn-hn-ss[-h- iq-b-tX-

kzm-`m-hn-Io- Pv-Rm-\- _-e- In-bm- N-

(B- ]-c-_-lv-a-Øn-\vv Po-hn-I-sf-t∏m-se- i-co-c-hpw- C-µn-b-hpw- C-√.-

A-h-\v- h-ep-tXm- k-Zr-i-tam- B-bn-´v- a-‰m-cpw-Xs∂-bn-√.- A-h-s≥-d- i-Iv-

Xn-hn-ti-j-ßƒ- ]-e-hn-[-Øn¬- ]-tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.- A-hn-S-tØ-°v- Pv-

Rm-\-˛i-Iv-Xn- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ- kzm-`m-hn-I-am-Wv)- (tiz-X-i-X-tcm-]-\n-j-

Øv- 6:-4)-

\- X-ky- I-iv-Nn-Xv- ]-Xn¿- A-kv-Xn- tem-tI-

\- tN-in-Xm- ss\-h- N- X-ky- enw-Kw-

\- Im-c-Ww- I-c-Wm-[n- ]m-[n-t]m-

\- Nmky- I-iv-Nn-Xv- P-\n-Xm- \- Nm-[n-]x-

(A-h-\p- Xp-ey-am-bn- tem-I-Øn-emcp-an-√.- A-hn-S-tØm-Sv- B-Pv-Rm-]n-

°m≥- B-cp-an-√.- A-hn-S-tØ-°v- Zr-iy-am-b- A-S-bm-f-hp-an-√.- k-¿-h-Øn-

s≥-d-bpw- Im-c-W-I-¿-Øm-hm-b- A-h-\v- Im-c-W-°m-c-\m-bn- B-cp-an-√.- A-

hnS-tØ-°v- P-\-bn-Xm-th-m- A-[n-]-Xn-tbm- B-bn- B-cp-an-√)- (tiz-X-i-X-

tcm-]-\n-j-Øv-- 6:-5)-

\- X-X- kq-tcym- `m-Xn- \- N-µ- Xm-c-Iw-

t\-am- hn-Zyp-tXm- `m-¥n- IptXm-- b-a-Kv-\nx-

X-ta-h- `m-¥w- A-\p-`m-Xn- k¿-hw-

X-ky- `m-km- k¿-hw- C-Zw- hn-`m-Xn-

(A-hn-sS- ]-c-_-lv-a-Øn-\p- ap-∂n¬- kq-c-y-t\m- N-µ-t\m- \-£-X-ß-

tfm- ]-Im-in-°p-∂n-√;- C-Sn-an-∂¬- t]m-epw- A-hn-S-sØ- ap-ºn¬- \n-jv-]-

`-am-Wv.- ]n-s∂- Cu- A-Kv-\n- F-hn-sS?- k-z-bw-]-Im-i-am-b- A-hn-S-sØ-

]-Im-i-Øm-em-Wv- k¿-h-Xpw- ]-Im-in-°p∂-Xv-;- k¿-h-Xn-s≥-d-bpw- ]-Im-

iw- A-hn-S-sØ- ]-Im-iw-X-s∂-bm-Wv-)- (ap-Wv-U-tIm-]\n-j-Øv- 2:-2:- 11)-

A-i-co-cw- i-co-tc-jz-\- h-kv-tY-jy- h-kv-Yn-Xw-

a-lm-¥w- hn-`p-am-Xv-am-\w- a-Xzm- [o-tcm- \-tim-N-Xn-

\-m-b- am-Xv-am- ]-h-N-t\-\- e-t`ym- \-ta-[-bm- \-_-lp-\m-ip-tX-\-

b-ta-ssh-j- hr-Wp-tX- tX-\- e-`y-

(B- ]-cam-Xv-am-hv- A-kv-Yn-c-\pw- i-co-c-ap-s≠-¶n-epw- hn-tZ-l-\pw- A-N-

©-e-\pw- a-lm-\p-am-Ip-∂p.- B- ]-c-am-Xv-am-hn-s\-∏-‰n- A-dn-bp-∂- Pv-Rm-

\n- H-cn-°-epw- tim-Im-Xp-c-\m-hp-∂n-√.- B- ]-c-am-Xv-am-hv- hm-°n-\pw- Im-

Xn-\pw- _p-≤n-°pw- A-]m-]y-am-Wv.- F-∂m¬-,- B-cp-sS- ta¬- A-h-\v- Ir-

]-bp-t≠m,- A-h-\v- B- m-Kyw- e-`n-°p-∂p.- F-s¥-∂m¬,- A-h¿- Ir-]m-]m-

X-Øn¬- am-X-ta- kz--bw- ]-Xy-£-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q-)- (I-tTm-]-\n-j-Øv- 1:-2:-

22,-23).-

37 38


ss_-_nƒ- ]-g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-epw- ]p-Xn-b- \n-b-a-Øn-ep-w-

ss_-_nƒ- ]-g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-se- ]-hm-NI-∑m¿- ]-d-™-Xpw- a-s‰m-∂-√.-

k-Ø-bn-epw- Kp-W-ß-fn-epw- G-I-\pw- AZzn-Xo-b-\p-am-b- H-cp- I¿--Øm-hn-

s≥-d- A-kv-Xn-Xz-sØ-°-p-dn-®m-Wv- D¬-]-Øn- ]p-kv-X-Iw- ap-X¬- am-em-Jn-

h-sc-bp-≈- ]-g-b- \n-b-a-Øn-se- ap-∏-Øn-H-º-Xv- ]p-kv-X-I-ßfn-epw- ]-kv-

Xm-hn-°p-∂-Xv.- G-Xm-\pw- ss_-_nƒ- kq-Iv-X-ßƒ- Im-Wp-I:-

"I¿-Øm-hp- ]-d™p-:- Rm-\m-Wv- k¿h-iIv-X-\-m-b- ssZ-hw-.- \o- F-

s≥d ap-ºm-sI- \-S°p-I'.- (D¬-]-Øn- 17:-1).-

"I¿-Øm-hv,- A-tX,- I¿-Øm-hv- Imcp-Wy-hpw- ]-km-Z-hpw- D-≈- ssZ-h-

am-Ip-∂p.- £-a-bpw- A-N-©-e-X-bpw- hn-i-z-kv-X-X-bpw- \n-d-™-h-\m-Ip-

∂p.- B-bn-c-ß-tfm-Sv- A-N-©-e- kv-t\-l-ap-≈-h≥.- A-[¿-a-hpw- A-Xn-I-

a-hpw- ]m-]-hpw- s]m-dp-°p-∂-h≥'-.- (]p-d-∏m-Sv- 34:-6,-7).-

"A-h≥- \n-s≥-d- ]n-Xm-h-√-tbm?- \n-s∂- \n¿-an-®-h≥-.-

\n-s∂- kr-jv-Sn-®-h≥,- \n-s≥-d- ]-cn-]m-e-I≥.'- (B-h¿-Ø-\w- 32:-6).-

"B-Im-iw- ssZ-h-Øn-s≥-d- a-l-Xzw- hn-fw-_-cw- sN-øp-∂p.-

B-Im-i-°-am-\w- A-h-s≥-d- I-c-hn-cp-Xv- ]-tLm-jn-°p-∂p'-

(k¶o¿-Ø-\-ßƒ- 19:-1).-

"C-km-bo-te- tI-´m-epw- \-Ωp-sS- ssZ-h-am-b- I¿-Øm-h-sX- G-I-I¿-

Øm-hv.- \n-s≥-d- ssZ-h-am-b- I¿-Øm-hn-s\- ]q¿-W- lr-Z-b-tØm-Spw- ]q¿-

W- B-Xv-am-thm-Spw- ]q¿-W- i-Iv-Xn-tbm-Spw- Iq-Sn- kv-t\-ln-°-Ww'.- (B-

h¿-Ø-\w- 6:-4).-

"I¿-Øm-hn-s\- kv-Xp-Xn-°p-I-

B-Im-i-Øn¬-\n-∂v- I¿-Øm-hn-s\- kvXp-Xn-°p-I.-

D-∂-X-ß-fn¬- A-h-s\- kv-Xp-Xn-°p-I.-

I¿-Øm-hn-s≥-d- k-I-e- am-em-J-am-tc,- A-h-s\- kv-Xp-Xn-°p-I.-

I¿-Øm-hn-s≥-d- k¿-h-ssk-\y-ß-tf,- A-h-s\- kv-Xp-Xn-°p-I-.-

kq-cy-N-µ-am-tc,- A-h-s\- kv-Xp-Xn-°p-I.-

an-∂n-Øn-f-ßp-∂- k¿-h-\-£-X-ß-tf,- A-h-s\- kv-Xp-Xn-°p-I.-

A-Xyp-∂-X-am-b- B-Im-i-ta,- A-h-s\- kv-Xp-Xn-°p-I.-

B-Im-i-Øn-\v- ap-I-fn-ep-≈- P-e-cm-in-tb,- A-h-s\- kv-Xp-Xn-°p-I.-

A-h- I¿-Øm-hn-s≥-d- Xn-cp-\m-a-sØ- kv-Xp-Xn-°-s´.-

Im-c-Ww, A-h≥- I¬-]n-®p-;- A-h- kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏-´p.-

A-h≥- A-h-sb- im-iz-X-am-bn- kv-Ym-]n-®p-;-

A-h-°v- a-dn-I-S-∂p-Iq-Sm-Ø- A-Xn-cp-I-fpw- I¬-]n-®p'.-

(k-¶o¿-Ø-\-ßƒ- 148:-1˛6)-

]-g-b-\n-b-a-Ø-n-se- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS- ]n≥-Km-an-bm-bn- h-∂- tb-ip-In-

kv-Xp-hpw- ]-Tn-∏n-®-Xv- G-I-\m-b- k-jv-Sm-hmWv- k-I-e-hn-[- kw-hn-[m-\-

ßƒ°pw- ]n-∂n-ep-≈-sX-∂- bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-bn-cp-∂p.- I-e¿-∏n-√m-Ø- G-I-

ssZ-h- hn-i-zm-k-am-bn-cp-∂p- A-t±-lw- ]-t_m-[-\w- sN-b-v-X-sX-∂v- kp-

hn-ti-j-ß-fn-se- ]-Xn-]m-Zy-ßƒ- kp-X-cmw- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-∂p.- ]-c-a-]-[-m-

\-am-b- ssZ-h-I¬-]-\- G-Xm-sW-∂- H-cp--- th-Z-Pv-R-s≥-d- tNm-Zy-Øn-\v-

tb-ip- \¬-Ip-∂- a-dp-]-Sn- i-≤n-°p-I:-

"]-c-a-]-[m-\-am-b-Xv- C-Xm-Wv-:- "A-√-tbm- C-km-tbte- tIƒ-°q,- \-

Ωp-sS- ssZ-h-am-b- I¿-Øm-hm-Ip-∂p- G-I- I¿-Øm-hv.- \n-s≥-d- ssZ-h-am-

b- I¿-Øm-hn-s\- ]q¿-W- lr-Z-b-tØm-Spw ]q¿-W- B-Xv-am-thm-Spw- ]q¿-

W-a-\-t m-Spw ]q¿-W- i-Iv-Xn-tbm-Spw-Iq-Sn- kv-t\-ln-°p-I (am¿-t°m-kv-

12:-29,-30).-

k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\m-b- ssZ-h-Øm¬- A-b-°-s∏-´- H-cp- ]-hm-N-I≥- am-X-

am-Wv- Xms\-∂- h-kv-Xp-X- In-kv-Xp- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-∂-Xv- t\m-°p-I:-

"G-I- k-Xy-ssZ-h-am-b- \n-s∂-bpw- \o- A-b-®- tb-ip-In-kv-Xp-hn-s\-

bpw- A-dn-bp-I- F-∂-Xm-Wv- \n-Xy-Po-h≥.- \o- F-s∂- G¬-]n-®- tPm-en-

]q¿-Øn-bm-°n- Rm≥- q-an-bn¬- \n-s∂- a-l-Xzo-I-cn-®p'- (tbm-l-∂m≥- 17:-

3,-4).-

km-µ¿-`n-I-am-bn- H-cp- Im-cyw- hy-Iv-X-am-°-s´,- tb-ip-hpw- ap≥- ]-hm-N-

I-∑m-cp-sa-√mw- ]-t_m-[-\w- sN-bv-X- ip-≤-am-b- G-I-ssZ-h- hn-izm-k-

Øn-\p- ]-I-c-am-bn- ssI-kv-X-h- k-`- kzo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂- hn-Nn-X-am-b- H-

cp- hn-i-z-m-k-am-Wv- Xn-tb-I-Xz- hn-izm-kw-.- ]n-Xm-hv-,- ]p-X≥-,- ]-cn-ip-≤m-

Xv-am-hv- F-∂o- aq-∂v- B-f-Xz-ß-f-S-ßn-b-Xm-Wv- G-I-ssZ-h-sa-∂m-Wv- Xn-

tXzm-]tZ-iw.- km-am-\y-_p≤n-t°m- bp-Iv-Xn-t°m- tbm-Pn°m-Ø- H-cp- hn-

i-zm-k-am-Wn-Xv.- ]n-Xm-hpw- ]p-X-\pw- ]-cn-ip-≤m-Xv-am-hpw- A-h-cp-sS- hy-

Iv-Xn-Xz-ß-fn¬- k-z-X-¥-cm-hp-I-bpw- A-tXm-sSm-∏w- k-Ø-bn-sem-∂m-hp-

I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-sX-ß-s\?- k-Xy-Øn¬- Xn-tXzm-]-tZ-i-Øn-\v- D-t]m-Zv-_-

e-I-am-bn- H-scm-‰- h-N-\w- t]m-epw- ss__n-fn-se- ]-g-b-tXm- ]p-Xn-b-tXm-

39 40


B-b- \n-b-a-K-\v-Y-ß-fn-sem-∂pw-X-s∂-bn-√.- C-Xn¬-\n-∂p-X-s∂- Xn-tb-

I-Xz-hn-izm-kw- tb-ip-thm- ap≥- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-tcm- A-t∏m-kv-X-e-∑m-tcm-

]-Tn-∏n-®-X-s√-∂v- kp-Xcmw- hy-Iv-X-am-Ip-∂p.-

G-I-ssZ-h-m-cm-[-\-

k-jv-Sm-hpw- kw-c-£I-\p-am-b- G-I-ssZ-h-Xz-Øn-ep-≈- hn-izm-k-Øn-

sem-Xp-ßn- \n¬-°p-∂n-√- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- Xu-lo-Zv.- ]-c-aIm-cp-WnI-\pw-

I-cp-Wm-\n-[n-bpw- \o-Xn-am-\p-am-b- A-√m-lp-hn\v- am-X-ta- B-cm-[-\-I-

f¿-∏n-°p-hm≥- ]m-Sp-≈p-sh-∂- X-Øzw- Iq-Sn- A-Xv- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂p.- C-

kv-em-an-s≥-d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\- B-Z¿-i-am-b- "em-C-em-l- C-√-√--'- Cu- B-i-b-

am-Wv- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂-Xv.- "A-√m-lp- A-√m-sX B-cm-[y-\n-√m'--sb-∂m-Wv-

Cu- I-en-a-bp-sS- A¿-Yw.- I-√-v- ap-X¬- hn-Klw- h-scbpw- B¬-a-cw- ap-

X¬- Xp-f-kn-s®-Sn- h-sc-bpw- i-h-Ip-So-c-ßƒ- ap-X¬- ]q¿-h-]-n-Xm-°ƒ-h-

sc-bpw- \m-Kw- ap-X¬- ]-ip -h-sc-bpw- am-em-J-am¿- ap-X¬- ]n-im-Np-°ƒ -

h-sc-bpw- ]p-Wy-hm-f-∑m¿- ap-X¬- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- h-scbp-ap-≈- B-cpw-X-

s∂- B-cm-[-\-I-f¿-ln-°p-∂n-√;- k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\m-b- A-√m-lp- A-√m-sX.-

C-Xm-Wv- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\- X-Øzw.-

a-\p-jy-t\-°mƒ- D-∂-X-\m-b- a-s‰m-cp- kr-jv-Sn-bp-an-s√-∂-Xm-Wv- Jp-¿-

B-s≥-d- A-[ym-]-\w- "Xo¿-®-bm-bpw--- a-\p-jy-sc \mw- G-‰-hpw- \-√- L-S-\-

tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn- kr-j-v-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p'- (Xo≥-:- 5)- F-∂m-W-v- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂-

Xv.- a-\p-jy-t\-°mƒ- D¬-Ir-jv-S-am-b- G-I-k-Ø-bm-Wv- A-√m-lp-hn-t≥-d-

Xv-.- a-\p-jy-I-gn-hn¬-s]-Sm-Ø- H-´-\-h-[n- Im-cy-ßƒ- X-\n-°p- Np-‰pw- X-

s≥d- kz-¥w- i-co-c-Øn-epw- a-\p-jy-\v- Im-W-m≥- I-gn-bp-∂p.- kz-Po-h≥-

\n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂- lr-Z-b-an-Sn-t∏m- c-Iv-X-Nw-I-a-W-tam- a-‰p -Po-hn-I-fn¬-\n-

∂v- hy-Xn-cn-Iv-X-am-°p-∂- a-kv-Xn-jv-I- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-tfm- H-∂pw-X-s∂- X-

s≥-d- I-gn-hn-tem- \n-b-¥-W-]-cn-[n-bn-tem- A-s√-∂v- A-h≥- A-dn-bp-∂p.-

`q-an-bn¬- Po-h≥- \n-e-\n¿-Øp-hm≥- ]-cym-]v-X-am-b co-Xn-bn-ep-≈- kq-c-y-

s≥-d- N-e-\-ß-tfm- A-¥-co-£-Øn-s≥-d- kw-hn-[m-\-tam- H-∂pwX-s∂- X-

s≥-d- \n-b-¥-W-Øn-\v- hn-t[-b-a-s√-∂v- A-h≥- a-\- n-em-°p-∂p.- Cu-

A-dn-hv- Xt∂-°mƒ- i-Iv-Xn-bp-≈- H-∂n-t\m-Sv- k-lm-b-a`y¿-Yn-°p-hm≥-

A-h-s\- t]-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.- Cu- k-lm-bm-`y¿-Y-\-sb-tX- ]m¿-Y-\.- `n-j-

Kz-c-t\m-Sv- tcm-Kn- k-lm-b-a¿-Yn-°p-∂-Xpw- ]-W-°m-c-t\m-Sv- ]-Wn-°m-c≥-

km-º-Øn-I- k-lm-bw- tNm-Zn-°p-∂-Xpw- ]m-¿-Y-\-bp-sS- ]-cn-[n-bn¬- h-

cp-∂n-√.- A-h- Im-cy-Im-c-W-_-\v-[-ß-fp-sS- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn-ep-≈- A¿-Y-

\-bm-Ip-∂p.- Im-cy-Im-c-W-_-\v-[-ßƒ-°v- A-Xo-X-am-b- A¿-Y-\-bm-Wv-

]m¿-Y-\.- Cu- ]m-¿-Y-\-X-s∂-bm-Ip-∂p- B-cm-[-\.- ]m¿-Y-\-bm-Ip-∂p-

B-cm-[\-bp-sS- a-Pv-P.- ]m¿-Y-\-bn-√-m-Ø- B-cm-[-\-Iƒ- tI-h-ew- B-Nm-

c-ßƒ- am-X-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.- ]m¿-Y-\-bp-sS- B-Xv-am-hv- kv-Yn-Xn-sN-øp-

∂-Xv- ]m¿-Yn-°p-∂-h-s≥-d- a-\- n-\-I-Øm-Wv.- F-X- kp-µ-c-am-b- ]m¿-

Y\m-Ko-X-am-bn-cp-∂m-epw- A-Xv lr-Z-b-Øn-¬-\n-∂v- ]p-d-Øp-h-cp-∂-X-s√-

¶n¬- tI-h-ew- hm-Nm-tSm-]-am-bn- ]-cn--Wa--n-°p-∂p.- - ]m-¿-Yn-°p-∂-h-s≥-d-

lr-Z-bw- ]m¿-Yn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-s≥-d- k-lm-bw- Imw-£n-°p-tºmƒ- am-X-ta-

]m¿-Y-\-sb-∂- ]-Zw- A-\z¿-Y-am-Ip-I-bp-≈q.- B-cm-[-\-I-fn-se- I¿-a-ßƒ-

°v- Po-h-\p-≠m-h-W-sa-¶n¬- A-Xn¬- B-Xv-am¿-Y-am-b- ]m¿-Y-\-bp-≠m-

bn-cn-°-Ww.-

A-t∏mƒ- a-\p-jy¿- B-cm-[\-I-f¿-∏n-t°-≠-Xv- B¿-°m-Wv?-- B-tcm-Sm-

Wv- A-h¿- ]m¿-Yn-t°-≠-Xv? k-I-e-am-\- I-gn-hp-I-fp-sS-bpw- D-S-a-kv-Ym-h-

Im-iw- B¿-°m-tWm-;- c-l-ky-ß-fpw ]-c-ky-ß-fpw- A-dn-bp-∂-h≥- B-cm-

tWm-,- l-r-Z-b-Øn-\-I-Øp-≈-Xv- hy-Iv-X-am-bn- A-dn-bm-hp-∂-Xv- B¿-°m-

tWm- A-h-∂m-Wv;- A-h-∂p- am-X-am-Wv- B-cm-[-\-I-f¿-∏n-t°-≠-sX-∂v-

km-am-\y-_p-≤n- ]-d-bp-∂p.- k-jv-Sm-hpw- ]-cn-]m-e-I-\p-am-b- A-√m-lp-hn-

\v- am-X-ta- B-cm-[-\-I-f¿-∏n-°m-hq- F-∂m-Wv- C-kv-emw- \n-jv-I¿-jn-°p-

∂-Xv.- ]m¿-Y-\m-h-gn-]m-Sp-I-sf-√mw- A-√m-lp-hn-\v- am-Xw- A¿-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-

tºm-gm-Wv- C-kv-emw- ho-£n-°p-∂- G-I-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kw- ]q¿-W-am-Ip-∂-

Xv.- G-I-\m-b- k-jv-Sm-hn-s\- am-Xw- B-cm-[n-°p-hm≥- th-≠n-bm-Wv- a-

\p-jys\-- ssZ-hw- kr-jv-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂m-Wv- hn-ip-≤- Jp-¿-B≥- ]-d-

bp-∂Xv.-

"Pn-∂p-I-sf-bpw- a-\p-jy-sc-b-pw- F-s∂- B-cm-[n-°p-hm≥- th-≠n-b-√m-

sX- Rm≥- kr-jv-Sn-®n-´n-√.- Rm≥- A-h-cn¬-\n-∂v- D-]-Po-h-\-sam-∂pw- B-

K-ln-°p-∂n-√.- A-h¿- F-\n-°v- `-£-Ww- \¬-I-W-sa-∂pw- Rm≥- B-K-

ln-°p-∂n√.- A-√m-lp- X-s∂-bm-Wv- D-]-Po-h-\w- \¬-Ip-∂-h-\pw- i-Iv-X-

\pw- ]-_-e-\pw'- (Zm-cn-bm-Øv- 56˛58)-.-

"Xm-\√m-sX- H-cp- B-cm-[y-\n-s√-∂-Xn-\v- A-√m-lp- km-£yw- h-ln-®n-

cn°p-∂p.- a-e-°p-I-fpw- A-dn-hp-≈-h-cpw- (A-Xn-\v- km-£n-I-fm-hp-∂p).-

A-h≥- \o-Xn- \n¿-h-ln-°p-∂-h-\tX.- A-h-\-√m-sX- B-cm-[y-\n-√.- ]-Xm-

41 42


]n-bpw- bp-Iv-Xn-am-\p-a-tX- A-h≥'- (B-ep-Cw-dm≥-18).-

D-]-\n-j-Øp-I-fn¬- Nn-e-h- ]-e- ssZ-h-ß-tfm-Sp-ap-≈- ]m¿-Y-\-Iƒ- Dƒ-

s°m-≈p-∂p-≠v.- F-¶n-epw- Nn-e- D-]-\n-jZv- kq-I-v-X-ßƒ- hy-Iv-X-am-bn-X-

s∂- -G-I-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bp-sS- a-l-Xz-hpw- _-lp-ssZ-h-cm-[-\-bp-sS- A¿-

Y-iq\y-X-bpw- D-Zv-tLm-jn-°p-∂p-≠v.- A-\iz-c-\pw- A-\m-Zn-bpam-b- G-I-

ssZ-h-sØ- am-Xw- B-cm-[n-°-W-sa-∂v- kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂- Cu-im-hm-tkym-

]-\n-j-Øn-se- H-cp- kq-Iv-Xw t\m-°p-I:-

"A\v-[w- X-ax-- ]-hn-i-¥n-tbf kw-`qXn-ap-]m-k-tX-

X-tXm- `q-b- C-h- tX- X-tam- b- D- kw- q-Xymw- c-Xx-

(\-iz-c-ß-fm-b- tZ-h- ]n-Xr- am-\-hm-Zn-I-sf--- D-]m-kn-°p-∂-h¿- A-Pv-Rm-

\-a-m-Ip-∂- tLm-cm-\v-[--Im-c-Øn¬- ]-Xn-°p-∂p.- A-hn-\m-in-bm-b- ]-cam-

Xv-am-hn-s\-°p-dn-®v- an-Yym-`n-am-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snbn-cn-°p-∂-hcpw- tLm-cm-\v-

[--Im-c-Øn¬-X-s∂- ]-Xn-°p-∂p)- (Cu-im-hm-tkym-]-\n-j-Øv- 12).-

tam-si-°v- ssZ-hw- \¬-In-b- ]-Øv- I¬-]-\-I-fn-epw- G-I-\m-b- k-jv-

Sm-h-√m-sX- B-cm-[n-°-s∏-S-cp-sX-∂ X-Øzw- Im-Wmw.- b-tlm-h- ]-d-bp-

∂-Xm-bn- ]-g-b- \n-b-aw- D-≤-cn-°p-∂-Xv- Im-Wp-I:-

"\n-s≥-d- ssZ-h-am-b- I¿-Øm-hv- Rm-\m-Ip-∂p-;- Cu-Pn-]v-Xv- tZ-iØp-\n-

∂v-,- A-Sn-a-`-h-\-Øn¬-\n-∂v,- \n-s∂- tam-Nn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p- h-∂-h≥-.- Rm-

\-√m-sX- a-‰p- tZ-h-∑m¿- \n-\-°p-≠m-h-cp-Xv.- H-cp- hn-K-l-hpw- \n-\-°m-bn-

D-≠m-°-cp-Xv.- \o- A-h-°p- ap-∂n¬- X-e-Ip-\n-°p-I-tbm- A-h-sb- tk-hn-

°p-I-tbm- A-cp-Xv '- (]p-d-∏m-Sv- 20:-2˛5).-

]-g-b-\n-b-a-]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS- ]n≥-Km-an-bm-bn-- h-∂- tb-ip-hpw- ]-Tn-∏n-

®- X-Øz-hpw- G-I-\m-b- I¿-Øm-hn-s\- am-X-am-Wv- B-cm-[n-t°-≠-Xv- F-

∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- X-s∂- ]-tem-`n-∏n-®v- `u-Xn-I- ]-a-Ø-\m-°m≥- th-≠n- h-

∂- km-Øm-t\m-Sp-t]m-epw- In-kv-Xp- ]-d-™-Xv- Xm≥- A-S-°-ap-≈- k-I-

e-cp-sSbpw-- k-jv-Sm-hpw- ]-cn-]m-e-I-\p-am-b-h-\p- am-X-w- B-cm-[-\-I-f¿-

∏n-°p-I-bpw- \-a-kv-Icn-°p-I-bpam-Wv- sN-tø-≠-sX-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- "km-Øm-

s\- Zq-sc-t∏m-hp-I-;- F-s¥-∂m¬- \n-s≥-d- ssZ-h-am-b- I¿-Øm-hn-s\- B-

cm-[-n-°-Ww.- A-hn-S-p-sØ- am-X-ta- \-a-kv-I-cn-°m-hq F-∂v- F-gp-X-s∏-´n-

cn-°p-∂p-'- (a-Øm-bn- 4:-10).-

G-I-\pw- k¿-thm-∂-Xp-am-b- k-jv-Sm-hn-s\- am-Xw- B-cm-[n-°p-∂- a-

\p-jy-cn-se- A-[-a-Xz-hpw- A-l-¶m-c-hpw- ]q¿-W-am-bn- \n-jv-Im-kn-X-am-

hp-∂p.- ]m-iv-Nm-Xy- am-\-hn-I-Xm- hm-Z-hpw- (humanism) am¿-Iv-kn-k-hpw-

a-\p-jy-\m-Ip-∂p- ]-]-©-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- D-∂-X-s\-∂pw- A-h-s\- \n-b-

¥n-°p-∂-tXm- A-h-\p- ap-I-fn-ep-≈-tXm- B-b- bm-sXm-cp- i-Iv-Xn-bpw-

C-s√-∂pw- hm-Zn-®-t∏mƒ- A-Xn-s≥-d- -e-am-bn- h-f¿-∂p-h∂-Xv- H-cp- X-cw-

A-l-¶m-c-am-bn-cp-∂p.- B- P-\-X-I-fp-sS- X-I¿-®-bp-sS- \n-an-Ø-hpw- Cu-

A-l-¶m-cw-X-s∂.- A-tX-k-a-bw,- kv-Ym-]-\-a-X-ß-fp-sS- B-cm-[-y-∑m¿- I-

√p-I-fpw- k-ky-ß-f-pw- P-¥p-°-fpw- i-h-Ip-So-c-ß-fpw- ]p-Wy-hm-f-∑m-cp-am-

Wv.- X-ß-tf-°mƒ- I-gn-h-pw- i-Iv-Xn-bpw- Ip-d-™-h-tcm-Sv- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- tIƒ-

hn-tbm- Im-gv-N--tbm- C-√m-Ø-˛ B-cm-[-\I-f¿-∏n-°p-∂-h-cp-sS- a-\- -n¬-

H-cp-X-cw- A-[-a-t_m-[-ap-≠m-hp-I- kzm-`m-hn-I-am-Wv.- H-cp- "ssZ-h'-Øn¬-

A-`-bw- Im-Wm-Xm-hp-tºmƒ- th-sdm-cp- "ssZ-h'-Øn-te-°v- Hm-Sp-∂- A-h-

kv-Y- D-≠m-°p-∂-Xv- Cu- A-[-a-t_m-[-am-Wv.- H-cp- B-cm-[y-s\-bpw- Aw-

Ko-I-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂,-- Al-¶mc-Øn-\pw- k-jv-Sn-I-sf- B-cm-[n-°p-∂- A-

[-a-Xz-Øn-\pw- a-t[y,- k-jv-Sm-hn-s\- am-Xw- B-cm-[n-I-sb-∂- C-k-v-em-an-

s≥-d- X-Øzw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p.- C-Xv- a-\p-jy-s\- B-Xv-am-`n-am-\-ap-≈-h-

\pw- AtX-k-a-bw,- hn-\-bm-\zn-X-\p-am-°n- am-‰p-∂p.-

_-lp-ssZ-h-hn-i-zm-k-Øn-s≥-d- N-ß-e-s°- p-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- a-\p-jy-s\- kz-

X-¥-am-°p-∂- i-Iv-Xn-sb-tX- G-I-ssZ-h-cm-[-\.- "ssZ-h'-ß-fpw- A-hbp-

sS- Z-√m-f-∑m-cpwIq-Sn- kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂- ]m-c-X-¥y-Øn¬-\n-∂p-≈- tam-N-\w.-

kz-X-¥-am-bn- Nn-¥n-°p-hm-\pw- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-hm-\pw- G-I-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-

a-\p-jy-s\- t]-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.- B-Im-i-tKm-f-ßƒ- tZ-ho-tZ-h-∑m-cm-sW-∂-

]u-cm-Wn-I- k-¶¬-]w- A-h-sb-°p-dn-®- ]-T-\-Øn-\p- ap-ºn¬- hn-e-ßp-X-

Sn-bm-bn- \n-∂n-´p-≠v.- ]-]--©-Øn-se- ap-gp-h-≥- h-k-v-Xp-°-fpw- h-kv-Xp-X-

I-fpw- ssZ-h-Øn-s≥-d- kr-jv-Sn-Iƒ- am-X-am-sW-∂v-- a-\- n-em-°p-∂- G-I-

ssZ-h-hn-iz-m-k-n-sb- kw-_-\v-[n-®n-S-tØm-fw- A-h-sb-°p-dn-®- ]-T-\w- ssZ-

h-Øn-s≥-d- A-P-ø-am-b- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fp-sS- ku-µ-cy-sØ-°p-dn-®- A-t\z-

j---W-am-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- ]-]-©- ]-T-\-sØ- t]m¬-km-

ln-∏n-®p-sIm-≠-n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

\ym-b-hm-Z-ßƒ-°p-≈- a-dp-]-Sn-

hn-K-l-ß-sf-bpw- i-h-Ip-So-c-ß-sf-bpw- ]p-Wy-hm-f-∑m-sc-bpw- B-cm-

[n-°p-∂-h¿- km-[m-c-W-bm-bn- X-ßƒ- G-I-ssZ-h-hn-i-zm-kn-Iƒ-X-s∂-bm-

sW-∂pw- a-lm-\m-b- ssZ-h-Øn-te°p-≈- C-S-bm-f-∑m-cm-bn- m-Wv- C-h-sb-

43 44


kzo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂pw- \ym-bo-I-cn-°mdp-≠v.- a-\p-jy-a-\ p-I-fp-sS-

A-I-Ø-f-ß-fn¬- cq-]saSp-°p-∂- hn-Im-c-hn-Nm-c-ß-fp-sS- B-t¥m-f-\-ß-

sf-°p-dn-®v- hy-Iv-X-am-bn- A-dn-bm-hp-∂- k-jv-Sm-hn-te-°v- H-cp- C-S-\n-e-°m-

c-s≥-d- B-h-iy-ap-s≠-∂- hm-Zw- C-kv-em-w- AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.- A-h-≥- \-

Ωp-sS- k-ao-]-kv-Y-\m-sW-∂pw- A-h-t\m-Sp-am-X-am-Wv- ]m¿-Y-\-Iƒ- A¿-

∏n-t°-≠-sX-∂p-am-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- ]-T-n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.-

"\n-t∂m-Sp- F-s≥-d- Zm-k-∑m¿- F-s∂-∏-‰n tNm-Zn-®m¬- R-m≥- (A-h¿-

°v- G-‰-hpw-)- A-Sp-Øp-≈-h-\m-Ip-∂p (F-∂v- ]-d-bp-I-).- ]m¿-Yn-°p-∂-h≥-

F-s∂- hn-fn-®p- ]m¿-Yn-®m¬- Rm≥- B- ]m¿-Y-\-°v- D-Ø-cw- \-¬-Ip-∂-

Xm-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- F-s≥-d- B-lzm-\w- A-h≥- kzo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- F-

∂n-e-h¿- hn-iz-kn-°p-I-bpw- sN-ø-s´- A-h¿- t\¿-hgn- ]m-]n-°m≥- th-

≠n-bm-Wn-Xv ' (A¬-_-J-d- 186).-

\-Ωp-sS- a-\ n-\v- Dƒ-s°m-≈m≥- ]-bm-k-I-c-am-b- k-jv-Sm-hn-s≥-d-

k-Ø-sb- ]q-Pn°p-tºmƒ- a-\- n-s≥-d- tI-µo-I-c-W-Øn-\p-th-≠n-am-X-

am-bn- m-Wv- hn-K-l-ßƒ- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-sX-∂pw- hm-Zn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.- C-

Xn¬- I-g-ºn-√.- B-cm-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂- h-kv-Xp-hn-ss≥-d- k-Ø-bp-sS- Nn-Xw-

a-\- n¬- [ym-\n-s®-¶n¬- a-m-X-ta- B-cm-[-\- ]q¿-W-am-Iq- F-∂v- ]-d-bp-

∂-Xn¬- A¿-Y-an-√.- Nn-X-a-√,- i-Iv-Xn-sb- k-w-_-\v-[n-®- t_m-[-am-Wv- B-

cm-[-n-°p-∂-h-s≥-d- a-\- n¬- ]-Xn-tb-≠-Xv.- B-cm-[n-°-s∏Sp-∂-hs≥-d- k-

Ø-sb- k-w_-\v-[n-® t_m-[-ap-≠m-°p-I-b-√- B-cm-[-\-;- ]-Xyp-X- A-h-

s≥-d- i-Iv-Xn-bp-]-tbm-Kn-®v- k-lm-bn-°-W-ta- F-∂- A¿-Y-\-bm-W-Xv.- A-

Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- B-cm-[y-s≥-d- k-Ø-bp-sS- Nn-Xw- a-\- n¬- [ym-\n-°p-

∂-Xn-\p- ]-I-cw- i-Iv-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®- ]q¿-W-t_m-[yw- D-≠m-°p-I-bm-Wv- B-

cm-[n-°p-∂-h≥- sN-tø-≠-Xv.- am-X-a-hp-a-√-,- hn-K-lm-cm-[-\- \-S-Øp-∂-h-

cp-sS- a-\- n¬- ssZ-h-am-bn- Ip-Sn-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-X-v- ]-kv-Xp-X- hn-K-l-

ß-fp-sS- Nn-X-ß-fm-W-v-.- A-h-bp-sS- kz- m-h-ß-fp-w- I-gn-hp-I-fpam-Wv- ssZ-

h-Øn-s≥-d- I-gn-hp-I-fm-bn- A-h¿- a-\- n-em-°p-∂Xv-.- hn-K-lm-cm-[-I-cp-

sS- ]m¿-Y-\m- Ko-X-ß-fpw a-‰pw-- ssZ-h-Øn-s≥-d- kz-`m-h-ß-fm-bn- hm-gv-

Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ]-kv-Xp-X- aq¿-Øn- ]-Xn-\n-[m-\w- sN-øp-∂- hy-Iv-Xn-bp-

sS- kz-`m-h-ß-fm-W-v-.- A-Xp-sIm-≠pX-s∂- hn-K-lm-cm-[-\-sb- G-I-ssZ-

h-m-cm-[-\-bp-am-bn- k-a-c-k-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv- bm-sXm-cp- \ym-bo-I-cW-hp-

45 46

a¿-ln-°p-∂n-√.-

Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-cpw- X-ßƒ-°n-jv-S-ap-≈- co-Xn-bn¬- ssZ-h-sØ- B-cm-[n-

®m¬- a-Xn-sb-∂- ho-£-W-hp-am-bn- C-kv-emw- s]m-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.- Cu-

ho-£-Ww- i-cn-sh-®m¬- i-h-Øn-s≥-d- A-h-b-h-ßƒ- ]n-gp-sX-Sp-Øv- kw-

lm-c- \r-Øw sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠v- "ssZ-thm-]m-k-\'- \-S-Øp-∂- A-tLm-c-

a-X- k-º-Zm-b-hpw- ssew-Ko-Im-h-b-h-ß-fn-eq-sS- H-en-∏n-°p-∂- E-Xp-c-Iv-X-

˛a-Zy-em-b-\n- \-°n-Øp-S-®p-sIm-≠v- "ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-'- \-S-Øp-∂- Xm-¥n-I-

a-X- k-º-Zm-b-hpw- Aw-Ko-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-bn- h-cpw.- C-ß-s\- F-X-sb-X-

tæ-Nv-O-am-b- ssZ-hm-c-m-[-\m- ap-d-Iƒ!- A-h- sN-øp-∂-h-sc- kw-_-\v-[n-

®n-S-tØm-fw- A-h-bm-Wv- A-h-cp-sS- ho-£-W-Ø-n-se- ssZ-hm-cm-[-\.- \-ap-

°n-h-sb- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m-\m-hp-∂n-s√-∂-Xv- th-sd- ]-iv-\w.- A--h-cp-sS- C-

jv-S-Øn-\-\p-k-cn-®v- A-h-sc- ssZhm-cm-[-\- \-S-Ø-p-hm≥- A-\p-hZn-°-

W-sa-∂v- \-ap-s°m-∂pw- A-`n-]m-b-an-√.- C-Xn-\¿-Y-sa-¥m-Wv?- Hm-tcm-cp-

Ø-cpw- kz-¥w- C-jv-S-]-Im-c-ap-≈- ssZ-hm-cm-[-\m- k-º-Zm-bw- kzo-I-cn-

°p-I-b-√- th-≠-Xv,- ]-Xyp-X- ssZ-hw- ]-Tn-∏n-®pX-∂-sX-∂p-d-∏p-≈- B-cm-

[-\m- k-º-Zm-b-ß-fn-eq-sS-bm-h-Ww- Hm-tcm--cp-Ø-cpw ssZ-h-sØ- k-ao-

]n-t°-≠-Xv.- A-t∏mƒ- G-I-ssZ-h-sØ- B-cm-[n-t°-≠-sX-ß-s\-bm-sW-

∂v- a-\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n- ssZ-hn-I-sa-∂p-d-∏p-≈- tkm-X- n-s\-

X-s∂- k-ao-]n-t°-≠-Xm-sW-∂v- hy-Iv-X-am-Ip-∂p.- ssZ-hn-I-am-sW∂v- \q-

dp-i-X-am-\w- D-d-∏p-≈- H-scm-‰- tkm-X- p-amX-ta- C-∂v- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p-

≈q- F-∂v- \-ap-°v- A-dn-bmw.- A-Xm-Wv- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥.- Jp¿-B\pw-

A-Xn-s\- ]-tbm-K-h-X-v-I-cn-®- ]hm-N-I-s≥-d- N-cy-bpw- ]-Tn-∏n-®p-- X∂- co-

Xn-I-fn¬- am-X-am-Wv- ssZ-h-sØ- B-cm-[n-t°-≠-sX-∂- C-kv-em-an-I- X-

Øz-Øn-s≥-d- ]-k-Iv-Xn- C-hn-sS- \-ap-°v- hy-Iv-X-am-bn- a-\- n-em-°m≥- I-

gn-bp-∂p.-

C-kv-em-an-se- B-cm-[-\-Iƒ-

C-kv-emw- ]-Tn-∏n-®- B-cm-[-\-Iƒ- G-I-ssZ-h-Xz-sa-∂- B-i-b-sØ- F-

√m- A¿-Y-Øn-epw- ]-tbm-K-h-Xv-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- hy-Iv-Xn-sb- hn-a-eo-I-cn-°p-

∂-Xp-h-gn- Ip-Spw-_-sØ-bpw- k-aq-l-sØ-bpw- cm-jv-S-sØ-bp-sa-√mw- kw-

kv-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-ø-p-∂p.- A-©p- t\-c-sØ- \n¿-_-\v-[- \-a-kv-Im-c-

am-Wv- H-cp- ap-kv-enw- H-c-h-k-c-Øn-epw- H-gn-®p-Iq-Sm≥- ]m-Sn-√m-Ø- B-cm-

[-\.- H-cp- Zn-h-k-sØ- ap-kv-en-an-s≥-d- Po-hn-X-am-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xp-X-s∂- \-a-


kv-Im-cw- sIm-≠m-Wv.- A-cp-tWm-Z-b-Øn-\v- ap-ºv- \n¿-h-ln-°-s∏-Sp-∂-

]-`m-X-\-a-kv-Im-c-Øn-eq-sS- k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\m-b- k-jv-Sm-hn-\v- ap-ºn¬-\n-

∂v- A-h-s≥-d- kv-Xp-Xn-Io¿-Ø-\-ß-fm-e-]n-°p-I-bpw- Xn-∑-I-fn¬-\n-∂v-

ap-Iv-X-am-b- Po-hn-Xw- \-bn-°p-hm≥- A-h-s≥--d- A-\p-K-l-ß-fm-h-iy-s∏-

Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠v- Po-hn-X-hr-Øn-I-fm-cw- n-°p-∂- H-cmƒ-°v- ]n-s∂-

ssZ-h-tIm-]-Øn-\v- ]m-X-am-Ip-∂- ]m-X-bn-eq-sS- k-©-cn-°p-hm≥- km-[n-

°p-tam?- ]-`m-X- \-a-kv-Im-c-Øn-eq-sS- ssI-h-cn-®- B-Xv-a-hn-ip-≤n-bp-sS-

H-fn-a-ßp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºv- a-[ym-lv-\- \-a-kv-Im-cw- h-s∂-Øp-I-bpw- A-t∏m-

gpw- ]m-]-tam-N-\-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bpw- am¿-K-`w-iw- kw-`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-

Xn-\p-th-≠n-bpw- ]-S-®-X-ºp-cm-\p- ap-º-n¬- ssI-sI-´n-\n-∂pw- \-a-in-c-kv-

I-\m-bpw- km-jv-Smw-Kw- \-an-®pw- ap-kv-enw- ]m¿Yn-°p-∂p.- a-[ym-lv-\- \-a-

kv-Im-c-Øn-s≥-d- kv-a-c-W-bn¬-\n-∂v- ap-Iv-X-\m-hp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºv- km-bm-

lv-\- \-a-kv-Im-cw- h-s∂-Øp-I-bpw- ho-≠pw- ssZ-h-im-k-\-I-f-\p-k-cn-®v-

]-h¿-Øn-°m-sa-∂pw- ]m-]-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v-- A-I-∂p-\n¬-°m-sa-∂pw- ap-kv-

enw- ]-Xn-Pv-R sN-øp-∂p.- km-bm-lv-\- \-a-kv-Im-c-Øn-eq-sS- t\-Sn-sb-Sp-

Ø- kw-ip-≤n-bn¬-\n-∂v- hy-X-n-N-en-®v- Zq-jn-X- hr-Øn-I-fn-te-°v- i-≤- Xn-

cn-bm≥- km-[y-Xbp-≈- k-a-b-sa-Ø-p-tºm-tg-°pw- k-\v-[ym-\-a-kv-Im-c-Øn-

te-°v- ap-kv-enw- ]-th-in-°p-∂p.- A-Xp-Ign-™v- cm-Xn-bn¬- sX-‰p-Ip-‰-

ßƒ-°v- km-[y-X-Iƒ- G-sd-bp-≈- k-a-b-a-Sp-°p-tºm-tg-°pw- ho-≠pw- \n-

im-\-a-kv-Im-c-Øn-eq-sS- ]m-]-tam-N-\-Øn-\m-bn- ]m¿-Yn-°p-Ibpw- ssZ-h-

im-k-\-Iƒ- A-\p-k-cn-°m-sa-∂v- ]-Xn-Pv-R-sb-Sp-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.-

A-©p-t\-cw- Ir-Xy-am-bn- \-a-kv-I-cn-°p-∂- H-cmsf- kw-_-\v-[n-®n-S-tØm-

fw- A-bm-fp-sS- a-\- n-\v- ss-Z-h-kv-a-c-W-bn¬-\n-∂v- A-I-∂p-\n¬-°m≥-

k-a-b-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn-√.- c-l-ky-ß-fpw- ]-c-ky-ß-fpw- A-dn-bm-hp-∂- ]-S-®-

X-ºp-cm\p- ap-∂n¬-\n-∂v- A-©p-t\-cw- B-Xv-am¿-Y-am-bn- \-a-kv-I-cn-°p-

∂- H-cmƒ-°v- ]n-s∂- sX-‰p- sN-øm≥- k-a-b-sahn-sS?- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿B≥-

]-d-™-sXX i-cn-!-

"Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- \-a-kv-Im-cw- \o-N-hr-Øn-bn¬-\n-∂pw- \njn-≤-I¿-a-Øn¬-

\n-∂pw- X-S-bp-∂p.- A-√m-lp-sh- Hm¿-an-°p-I-sb-∂-Xv- G-‰-hpw- a-l-Øm-

b- Im-cyw- X-s∂-bm-Ip-∂p.- \-n-ßƒ- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-sX-t¥m- A-Xv- A-

√m-lp- A-dn-bp-∂p'- (A¬-A≥-I-_q-Øv-:- 45).-

\-a-kv-Im-cw- I-gn-™m¬- ]n-s∂- C-kv-em-an¬- G-‰-hpw- ]-[m-\-s∏-´-

B-cm-[-\m-I¿-a-am-Wv- k-Im-Øv- A-Y-hm- \n¿-_\v-[-Zm-\w.- k-º-Øn-s≥d-

kw-kv-I-c-W-am-Wv- k-Im-Øv.- k-m-ºØn-I- hn-j-a-a-\p-`-hn-°p-∂- hy-Iv-Xn-

I-sf- k-lm-bn-®p-sIm-≠v- A-hcp-sS- hn-j-a-X-Iƒ- ]-cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\v-

k-aq-l-sØ- k-Pv-P-am-°p-hm-\m-bn- C-kv-emw- \-S-∏m-°n-b- B-cm-[-\m- k-

ºZm-b-am-Wn-Xv.- k-ºm-Zy-Øn-\pw- Ir-jn-°pw- I-∂p-Im-en-k-º-Øn-\pw-

\m-W-b-Øn-\p-sa-√mw- A-h-bp-sS- tX-m-X-\p-k-cn-®v- k-Im-Øv- \¬-Ip-hm≥-

ap-X-em-fn- _m-[y-kv-Y-\m-Wv.- [-\n-I-s≥-d- Hu-Zm-cy-sa-∂- \n-e-°-√,- Z-cn-Z-

s≥-d- A-h-Im-i-sa-∂- \n-e-°m-Wv- k-Im-Øn-s\- Jp¿-B≥- ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂-Xv.- k-º-∂-s≥-d- A-Sp-Øp-\n-∂v- cmjv-S-tam- k-aq-lw- D-Ø-c-hm-Z-

s∏-Sp-Øn-b k-Ym-]-\-ß-tfm- ]-n-cn-s®-Sp-°p-I-bpw- A¿-l-X-s∏- -h¿-°v- hn-

X-c-Ww- sN-øp-I-bp-am-Wv- k-Im-Øn-s≥-d- cq-]w.- km-º-Øn-I-am-b- A-

Xym¿-Øn-bm-Wv- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- a-\p-jy-sc- a-lm-]m-]-ß-fn-te-°v- \-bn-°p-∂-

Xv.- km-º-Øn-I- Xym-K-am-Wv- k-Im-Øv.- [-\-]q-P-bpw- kzm¿-Y-X-bpw- Zp-

co-I-cn-®p-I-f-bp-I-bpw- Xym-K-k-∂-≤-X-bpw- ]-tcm-]-Im-tc-Nv-O-bpw- h-f¿-

Øp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠v- a-\p-jy-sc- ip-No-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- kw-kv-I-cn-

°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂- I¿-a-am-Wv- k-Im-Øv.- ssZ-hn-I- im-k-\-I-fp-sS- A-

Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn¬- k-Im-Øv- kw-L-Sn-∏n-®v- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-øm≥- k-aq-lw-

k-∂-≤-am-bm¬- tem-I-Øp-\n-∂v- Zm-cn-Zy-sØ- ]q-¿-W-am-bn- C-√m-Xm-°m≥-

I-gn-bpw.

h-Xm-\pjv-Tm-\am-Wv- a-s‰m-cp- ]-[-m-\-s∏-´- B-cm-[-\.- ]-`m-Xw- ap-

X¬- ]-tZm-jw- h-sc- A-∂-]m-\o-b-ß-fn¬---\n-∂pw- hn-Im-c-]q¿-Øo-I-cW-

Øn¬-\n-∂pw- hn-´p-\n¬-°p-I-bm-Wv- C-kv-emw- h-Xm-\p-jv-Tm-\w- sIm-≠v-

hn-h-£n-°p-∂-Xv.- ssZ-h-ln-X-sØ- am-Xw- am-\n-®p-sIm-≠v- B-lm-c-]m-

\o-b-ßƒ- sh-Sn-bp-I-bpw- hn-Im-c-ßƒ- \n-b-¥-n-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂- H-

cm-fn¬- ssZ-h-t_m-[-hpw- kq-£v-a-X-bpw- h¿-[n-°p-sa-∂- Im-cy-Øn¬- kw-

i-b-sam-∂p-an-√.- k-Zm-k-a-b-hpw- Xm≥- ssZ-h-Øm¬- \n-co-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-

sh-∂- t_m-[w- am-X-am-Wv- H-cp- ap-kv-en-an-s\- h-X-a-\p-jv-Tn-°p-hm≥- t]-

cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- H-cp- am-k-am-Wv- \n¿-_-\v-[- h-Xw- I¬-]n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-

Xv.- C-X-bpw- Im-ew- Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn- D-]-hk-n-°p-∂- H-cm-fn¬- ssZ-h-t_m-

[-hpw- kq-£v-a-X-bpw- hf¿-∂p-h-cn-I-bpw- Po-hn-X-Øn-ep-S-\-o-fw- tZm-j-_m-

[-sb- kq-£n-°p-hm≥- A-bmƒ- k-∂-≤-\m-hp-I-bpw- sN-øpw.- t\m-ºp-

Im-c-\n¬- hy-Iv-Xn-]-c-am-b- Xym-K-a-t\m- m-h-hpw- tk-h-\-k-∂-≤-X-bpw- A¿-

47 48


∏-W-t_m-[-hpw- h-f¿-Øp-∂tXm-sSm-∏w-X-s∂- A-h-\n¬- k-a-kr-jv-Sn kv-

t\-l-hpw- km-aq-ln-I-t_m-[-ap-≠m-°n-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- h-Xm-\p-jv-Tm-

\-Øn-\v- I-gn-bp-∂p.- hn-i-∏n-s≥-d- th-Z-\- A-\p-`-hn-®-dn-bp-∂- t\m-ºp-

Im-c-\v- ]-´n-Wn-∏m-h-ß-tfm-Sp-≈- Zo-\m-\p-I-º- h-f¿-∂p-h-cp-∂p.- h-Xw-

G-Xp- ]n-ip-°-s\-bpw- D-Zm-c-\m-°p-I-bpw- ]m-h-s∏-´-h-s\- ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-

∂-h-\m-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.- C-ß-s\,- hy-IvXn-sb- kz-bw- \n-b-¥-W-

Øn-\v- ]m-I-am-°-p-I-bpw- tæ-Nv-O-kz- m-h-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- ap-Iv-X-\m-°p-I-bpw-

sN-øp-∂-tXm-sSm-∏w- Z-cn-Z-s\-bpw- [\n-I-s\-bpw- sF-Iy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂- H-

cp- i-Iv-X-am-b- D-]-I-c-WwI-q-Sn-bm-Wv- h-Xm-\p-jv-Tm-\w.

--C-kv-em-an-I- B-cm-[-\m-I¿-a-ß-fn¬- A-h-km-\-tØ-Xm-b- l-Pv-Ppw- a-

\p-jy-\pw- k-jvSm-hpw- X-Ωn-ep-≈- _-\v-[w- kp-Zr-V-am-°m-\p-X-Ip-∂- c-

o-Xn-bn¬- kw-hn-[m-\n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.- km-º-Øn-I-hpw- im-co-cn-I-hp-

am-b- ti-jn-bp-≈- H-cmƒ- Po-hn-X-Øn-sem-cn-°¬- l-Pv-Pv- sN-ø¬- \n¿-_-

\v-[-am-Wv.- _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bp-am-bn- bm-sXm-cp- _-\v-[-hp-an-√m-Ø- Xo¿-

Ym-S-\-am-Wv- l-Pv-Pv.- C-u- Xo¿-Ym-S-\-Øn-se- I¿-a-ß-fn-e-[n-I-hpw- G-I-ssZ-

hm-cm-[-\-sb-∂- B-i-bw- ]-N-cn-∏n-®-Xn-s≥-d- t]-cn¬- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-s≥-d-

bpw- k-aq-l-Øn-s≥-d-bpw- hn-tZz-j-Øn-\v- ]m-X-amb- C-_v-dm-lo-an-s≥d-

(A)- kv-a-c-W-bpƒ-s°m-≈p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂,- l-Pv-Pv-I¿-

aw- I-gn-bp-∂-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn- G-sXm-cm-fpw- ]-iv-Nm-Xm-]-t_m-[-ap-≈-h-\pw-

]m-]-hn-c-Iv-X-\p-am-bn- am-dp-∂p.- A-tXm-sSm-∏w- C-kv-emw- hn-`m-h-\w- sN-

øp-∂- km-tlm-Z-cy-sØ- ]q¿-W-am-bn- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂-Xn-\pw- l-Pv-Pv-I¿-

aw- I-gn-bp-∂-tXm-sS- H-cmƒ-°v- I-gn-bp-∂p.- tem-I-Øn-se- hn-hn-[- tIm-

Wp-I-fn¬-\n-s∂-Øn-b- e-£-°-W-°n-\v- a-\p-jy-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn- l-Pv-Pv- sN-

øp-∂-h≥- am-dp-∂p.- F-√m-h¿-°pw- H-tc- th-jw.- H-tc- kz-c-w.- a-\ n¬-

ssZ-h-t_m-[w.- Np-≠n¬- ssZ-h-kv-tXm-X-ßƒ.- D-®-\o-N-Xz-ß-fn-√.- tZ-

io-b-X-bpsS-bpw- ]m-tZ-io-b-X-bpsS-bpw- A-Xn¿-h-c-ºp-I-fn-√.- I-dp-Ø-

h-\pw- sh-fp-Ø-h-\pw- X-Ωn¬- A-¥-c-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√.- ap-X-em-f-n-bpw sXm-

gn-em-fn-bpw- H-tc-t]m-se-X-s∂.- F-√m-h-cpw- H-tc- th-j-Øn¬- H-tc- kz-c-

ap-cp-hn-´p-sIm-≠v- H-tc- I¿-a-ßƒ- sN-øp-∂p.- H-tc-sbm-cp- ssZ-hw- H-scm-

‰- P-\-X-sb-∂- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- B-i-bw- l-P-v-Pn¬- ]-I-S-am-bn-°m-Wp-

∂p.-

C-ß-s\-,- G-I-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-sb-∂- B-i-b-sØ- A-Xn-s≥-d- ]q¿-W-

cq-]-Øn¬- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂- Z¿-i\-am-Wv- C-k-v-emw.-

G-I-ssZ-h-a-√m-Ø- B-cpw- B-c-m[n-°-s∏-S-cp-sX-∂- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- A-

Sn-kv-Ym-\- X-Øz-Øn-\p- ap-ºn¬- X-I¿-∂p-ho-W-Xv- hn-K-l-ß-fpw- i-h-Ip-

So-c-ß-fpw- hym-P-ssZ-h-ß-fpw- am-X-am-bn-cp-∂n-√;- ssZ-h-ß-fp-sS-bpw- a-

\p-jy-cp-sS-bpw- C-S-bn-ep-f-f- Z-√m-f-∑m-cm-bn- N-a-™- ]u-tcm-ln-X-yw- Iq-Sn-

bm-bn-cp-∂p.- X-s≥-d- I-Wv-T-\m-fn-tb-°mƒ- A-Sp-Øv- kv-Yn-Xn- sN-øp-∂-

h-\m-bn-´m-Wv- A-√m-lp-hn-s\- Jp¿-B≥- ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.- A-Xp-

sIm-≠-p-X-s∂- A-√m-lp-hn-\pw- a-\p-jy¿-°-p-an-S-bn¬- a-[y-h¿-Øn-I-sfm-

∂pw- B-h-iy-an-s√∂m-Wv- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- A-[y-m-]-\w.- bm-sXm-cp- co-X-

n-bn-ep-ap-≈- ]u-tcm-ln-Xyhp-w- C-kv-emw- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.- ssZ-h-ß-fp-

sS- t]-cn¬- a-\p-jy-sc- X-Ωn-e-Sn-∏n-°p-∂- ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-s≥-d- Nq-j-W-Øn¬-

\n-∂v- a-\p-jy-cm-in-sb- c-£n-°p-I-bm-Wv- C-Xn-eq-sS- C-kv-emw- sN-bv-Xn-

cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

km-tlm-Z-cy-Øn-s≥-d- A-Sn-Ø-d

G-I-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\,- a-\-p-jy-h¿-K-sØ- k-I-e-hn-[- k-¶p-Nn-X-Xz-ß-fn¬-

\n-∂pw- ap-Iv-X-am-°p-∂p.- kz-tZ-in-sb-bpw- hn-tZ-in-sb-bpw- k-h¿-W-s\-

bpw- A-h¿-W-s\-bpw- sh-fp-Ø-h-s\-bpw- I-dp-Ø-h-s\-bpw- hy-Xy-kv-X-

k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn-epw- tKm-X-ß-fn-epw- X-d-hm-Sp-I-fn-epw- s]-´-h-sc-bpw- hy-

Xy-kv-X- `m-j-Iƒ- kw-km-cn-°p-∂-h-sc-bpw- kr-jv-Sn-®v- ]-cn-]m-en-°p-∂-Xv-

G-I-\m-b- ssZ-h-am-sW-∂- Nn-¥- A-h¿- X-Ωn-ep-≈- h-ep-Xpw- sN-dp-Xp-am-

b- k-I-e-hn-[- A-kv-]r-iy-X-I-fp-sS-bpw- A-Sn-th-c-dp-°p-∂p.- k¿-h-i-Iv-

X-\pw- k¿-thm-∂-X\p-am-b-h-s≥-d- ap-ºn¬- am-Xw- Cu- hn-`m-K-ß-sf-

√mw- X-e-Ip-\n-°p-tºmƒ- A-h-sc- `n-∂n-∏n®-p- \n¿-Øp-∂- k-I-e- a-Xn¬-

s°-´p-I-fpw- X-I¿-∂p-Xcn-∏-W-am-hp-∂p.- k-jv-Sm-hn-\p- ap-ºn¬- F-√m-h-

cpw- k-a-∑m-cm--sW-∂ [m-c-W- h-f¿-∂p-h-cp-tºmƒ- hy-Xy-kv-X- hn-`m-K-

ßƒ-°v- P-∑m-hIm-i-am-bn-°n- n-b- "X-e-°-\'-ß-sf-√mw- C-√m-sX-bm-hp-∂p.-

a-\p-jy-sc-√mw- Hscm-‰- ssZ-h-Øns≥-d- kr-jv-Sn-I-fpw- H-scm-‰- a-m-Xm-]n-

Xm-°-fp-sS- k-¥-Xn-I-fp-am-sW-∂- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- ]-Jym-]-\w- tK-m-X-a-

ln-a-bp-sS- t]-cn¬- X-ΩneSn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂- A-d-_n-I-sf- F-¥p-am-

Xw- sI-´p-d-∏p-≈- H-cp- k-aq-l-am-bn-´m-Wv- ]-cn-h¿-Øn-∏n-®-sX-∂v- N-cn-

Xw- ]-Tn-®n´p-≈-h¿-°-dn-bmw.- tZ-i-Øn-s≥-d-bpw- tKm-XØn-s≥-d-bpw- `m-

j-bp-sS-bpw- h¿-W-Øn-s≥-d-bpw- t]-cn-ep-≈- k-I-e- an-Yym-`n-am-\-ß-sf-

49 50


bpw- X-I¿-Øp-I-f-™- Jp¿-B-\n-s≥-d- ]-Jym-]-\w- C-ß-s\-bm-Wv-:-

"tl-:- a-\p-jy-tc,- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- \n-ß-sf- \mw- H-cm-Wn¬-\n-∂pw- H-cp-

s]-Æn¬-\n-∂p-am-bn- kr-jv-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- \n-ß-f-t\ym-\yw- A-dn-tb-≠-Xn-

\v- \n-ß-sf- \mw- hn-hn-[- k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fpw- tK-m-X-ß-fpw- B-°p-I-bpw-

sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- A-√m-lp-hn-s≥-d- ASp-Øv- \n-ß-fn¬-

G-‰-hpw- B-Z-c-Wo-b≥- \n-ß-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- [¿-a-\n-jv-T- ]m-en-°p-∂-h-\m-

Ip-∂p.- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- A-√m-lp- k¿-h-Pv-R-\pw- kq-£v-a-Pv-Rm-\n-bp-am-

Ip-∂p'- (lp-P-dm-Øv- 13).-

]-hm-N-I≥- ]-d-™p:- "A-d-_n-°v- A-\-d-_n-tb-°m-fp-tam- sh-fp-Ø-

h-\v- Idp-Ø-h-s\-°m-fp-tam- bm-sXm-cp- a-l-Xzhp-an-√;- [¿-a-\n-jv-T-bp-sS-

t]-cn-e-√m-sX'- (ap-kv-e-nw,- A-_q-Z-m-hq-Zv-).-

"\n-iv-N-bw- \n-ß-fp-sS- ssZ-hw- H-∂v,- \n-ß-fp-sS-sb-√mw- ]n-Xm-hpw- H-

cmƒ-X-s∂.- F-√m-h-cpw- B-Z-an¬-\n-∂p-≈-Xv:- B-Z-tam- a-Æn¬-\n-∂pw'- (ap-

kv-enw- A-_q-Zm-hq--Zv-).-

G-I-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bm-Wv- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- B-Xv-amhv.-A-√m-lp-hn-\v- am-

Xw- B-cm-[-\-I-f¿-∏n-°p-∂- H-cmƒ-°v- am-X-ta- kz-¥w- Po-hn-X-sØ- ]q¿-

W-am-bn- ssZ-th-Nv-O-°v- hn-t[-b-am-bn- ]-cn-h¿-Øn-∏n-°p-hm≥- I-gn-bq.-

A-t∏mƒ- am-X-ta- H-cmƒ-°v- kz-¥-w- Po-hn-X-sØ- k-ºq¿-W-am-bpw- k¿-

h-i-Iv-X-\v- k-a¿-∏n-°m≥-˛a-p-kv-en-am-Ip-hm≥- Ign-bq.- k-I-e- ]m-N-I-∑m-

cpw- ]-t_m-[-\w- sN-bv-X- a-X-Øn-s≥-d- t]-cm-Wv- C-kv-emw- F-∂p- \mw- a-

\- n-em-°n.--- _-lp-ssZ-hm-cm[-\- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂- C-∂-sØ- a-Xm-Nm-c-ß-

fn¬- an-°-Xpw- ]p-tcm-ln-X-∑m-cp-sS- kr-jv-Sn-bm-sW-∂pw- A-h-cp-sS- kzm-

--¿-Y- Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ- kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n- ]-S-bv-°-s∏- -h-bm-sW-∂p-

am-Wv- ]-T-\-ßƒ- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-∂-Xv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- ]-c-tem-I-tam-

£w- B-K-ln-°p-∂- k-tlm-Z-c-ßƒ- ssZ-h-Zq-X-∑m¿- ]Tn-∏n-®- Z¿-i-\w-

˛k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\v- kz-¥w- Po-hn-Xw- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂- Po-hn-X-co-Xn- kzo-I-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv- th-≠Xv.-

k-Xy-sØ- I-s≠-Øp-hm-\pw- kzo-I-cn-°p-hm\-pw- k¿-hi-I-v-X≥- \-sΩ-

A-\p-K-ln-°-s´.- B-ao≥-!-

-

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