методичка збк 2010

PAGE 101

. .. , .. , .. , ..

3.

6.170203 - ( , )

2008

38.53

614:9.04

16 07 2008 .

.., .., .., ..

3. . , - . : . , 2008 100 .

3. . - , .

38.53

.............5

1. .................6

2. ...................102.1. ...102.2. ..........102.3. ..103. ..113.1. , ........113.2. ............12

3.2.1 ...13

3.2.2 ...133.2.3 ( )......................193.2.4 ( )..203.2.5 ( )233.3 ( ) ..................253.3.1. ....263.4 ............273.4.1. ....................283.5 ..................29

3.5.1. .................294 .314.1 ..314.1.1. ...314.1.2. ....324.1.3. ..344.2. ..354.2.1. .......354.2.2. .374.2.3. 394.2.4. , ...394.2.5. ....424.2.5.1. . .424.2.5.2. ...............434.2.5.3. .......................444.2.5.4. ( , ).....454.2.5.5. .475. ..495.1 , .....495.2 ..505.2.1. ..505.2.2. .525.2.3. .......................555.2.4. .565.3 ......585.3.1. .....585.3.2. (

)....595.3.3. ...605.3.4. .....615.4 ...............645.4.1. ..645.4.2. ..746. ...74..77..94

- , . , , . , , .

. , , , , , . , -.

. . , , , .

, . .

, , , 50-60% . , , , .

, , , , , .

, , , , - .

. 1.1, 1.2 (. 7, 8, 9).

: ; ; ; .

5139. , 39. 1.1, 1.2 9, , . 3 , . .

.

1.1 1.1 1.2

35; 5,5; 8;-I, -III; 1248,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6

W=2.47

=2217

:35 , ;

5,5 V , /2;

8 ;

-I, -III (-III) (-I);

, ;1248 , ;

; , ;2,8; 6,0;3,6 , , ; ;W=2.47 , %;=2217 , /3.

. [19].

1.1

1234567890

120; 2,0; 3;

A-I, A-III;

1236 20; 3,5; 4;

A-I, A-III;

124235; 5,0; 5;

A-I, A-III;

124835; 8,0; 6;

A-I, A-III;

125435; 7,5; 7;

-, -;

126020; 2,5; 8;

-, -;

123620; 4,0; 9;

-, -;

124225; 5,5; 3;

-, -;

124820; 3,0; 4;

-, -;

125425; 5,5; 3;

-I, -;

1248

225;4,5; 5;

-I, -;

126030;6,0; 6;

-I, -;

123635;7,0; 7;

-I, -;

124235;7,0; 8;

-I, -;

124830;5,5; 9;

-I, -;

125420;2,5; 3;

-I, -;

126025;4,0; 4;

-I, -;

123620;1,5; 5;

-I, -;

124225;3,0; 6;

-I, -;

124820; 3,0; 4;

-I, -;

1254

335;8,0; 7;

-I, -;

126030;4,0; 8;

-I, -;

123625; 2,0; 9;

-I, -;

124235; 8,0; 3;

-I, -;

124830; 4,5; 4;

-I, -;

125430; 5,5; 5;

-I, -III;

126020; 2,5; 6;

-I, -III;

123620; 3,5; 7;

-I, -III;

124235; 5,5; 8;

-I, -III;

124820; 3,0; 5;

-I, -;

1260

435;7,5; 9;

-I; -

125435; 8,0; 3;

-I, -III;

126035; 6,5; 4;

-I, -III;

123630; 4,0; 5;

-I, -II;

124225; 3,0; 6;

-I, -II;

124835; 7,0; 7;

-I, -III;

125435; 6,0; 8;

-I, -III;

126025; 5,0; 9;

-I, -III;

123625; 3,5; 3;

-I, -III;

124220; 1,0; 6;

-I, -;

1236

525;4,0; 4;

-I; -

124830; 6,0; 5;

-I, -III;

125435; 2,5; 6;

-I, -II;

126035; 8,0; 7;

-I, -III;

123635; 4,5; 8;

-, -;

124235; 6,5; 9;

-I, -III;

124835; 8,0; 3;

-I, -III;

125420; 3,5; 4;

-I, -II;

126020; 2,0; 5;

-I, -II;

123630; 6,5; 7;

-I, -;

1242

630;4,0; 6;

-I; -

124235; 6,0; 7;

-I, -;

124835; 8,0; 8;

-I, -;

125435; 8,0; 9;

-I, -;

126035; 6,0; 3;

-I, -;

123625; 4,0; 4;

-, -;

124220; 2,0; 5;

-, -;

124830; 7,5; 6;

-I, -III;

125425; 5,5; 7;

-I, -III;

126020; 3,5; 8;

-I, -II;

1248

720;3,5; 8;

-I; -

123620; 1,5; 9;

-I, -II;

124220; 1,5; 3;

-I, -II;

124835; 7,5; 4;

-I, -III;

125425; 5,5; 5;

-I, -III;

126020; 3,5; 6;

-I, -;

123620; 3,0; 7;

-I, -;

124220; 1,5; 8;

-I, -II;

124835; 7,5; 9;

-I, -III;

125435; 8,0; 9;

-I, -;

1254

825;5,5; 3;

-I; -

126025; 5,0; 4;

-I, -III;

123620; 3,0; 5;

-I, -;

124220; 1,0; 6;

-I, -II;

124835; 7,5; 7;

-I, -;

125435; 8,0; 8;

-I, -;

126035; 7,0; 9;

-I, -;

123630; 5,0; 3;

-I, -III;

124230; 2,5; 4;

-I, -;

124830; 5,5; 3;

-I, -;

1260

925;2,5; 5;

-I; -

1254 30; 8,0; 6;

-I, -;

126030; 7,0; 7;

-I, -;

123620; 5,0; 8;

-I, -III;

124235; 5,0; 9;

-I, -III;

124835; 2,5; 3;

-, -;

125435; 8,0; 4;

-I, -;

126025;7,0; 5;

-I, -;

123625; 7,0; 6;

-I, -;

124220; 3,0; 4;

-I, -;

1236

025;5,0; 7;

-I; -

124825; 2,5; 8;

-I, -;

125435; 8,0; 9;

-I, -;

126035; 6,0; 3;

-I, -;

123630; 4,5; 4;

-I, -III;

124220; 3,0; 5;

-I, -;

124820; 1,0; 6;

-, -;

125435; 1,0; 7;

-, -;

126035; 6,5; 8;

-I, -;

123620; 1,0; 5;

-I, -II;

1242

1.1

1234567890

1,

,

3,0; 4,8;3,6,

3,0; 4,8; 4,8,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,

,

3,2; 4,8; 3,2,

,

3,0; 4,8;3,2,

,

3,0; 7,2; 4,8,

,

2,8; 7,2; 4,8,

,

2,8; 7,2; 3,6,

,

2,8; 7,2; 3,8,

,

3,0; 6,0; 4,8

2,

,

3,0; 3,6; 6,0,

,

2,8; 3,6; 6,0,

,

2,8; 3,0; 3,2,

,

2,8; 3,6; 6,0,

,

3,2; 3,6; 3,6,

,

3,0; 3,0; 3,2,

,

3,0; 6,0; 3,2,

,

2,8; 4,8; 4,8,

,

2,8; 3,0; 4,8,

,

3,8; 4,8; 6,0

3,

,

3,0; 4,8; 6,0,

. ,

3,2; 6,0; 4,8,

,

3,2; 6,0; 3,2,

,

2,8; 3,6; 3,2,

,

2,8; 3,6; 4,8,

,

3,0; 3,2; 3,6, ,

3,0; 4,8; 4,8,

,

3,0; 4,8;3,6,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6

4,

,

3,0; 4,8;3,2,

,

3,0; 7,2; 4,8,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,

,

3,0; 4,8;3,6,

,

3,0; 4,8; 4,8,-,

2,8; 7,2; 3,6,

,

2,8; 7,2; 4,8,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,-, 2,8; 7,2; 3,8

5,

,

3,0; 4,8; 4,8,

,

3,0; 4,8;3,6,

,

3,0; 7,2; 4,8,

,

3,0; 4,8;3,2, ,

2,8; 7,2; 3,6, .

,

3,0; 6,0; 4,8,

,

3,0; 7,2; 4,8, ,

3,0; 4,8;3,6,

2,8; 7,2; 3,6,

,

2,8; 7,2; 3,8

6,-,

2,8; 3,6; 6,0,

,

3,0; 3,6; 6,0,

,

2,8; 3,6; 6,0,

,

3,0; 4,8; 4,8, - , 2,8; 3,6; 6,0,

,

3,0; 6,0; 4,8,-,

3,2; 3,6; 3,6,

,

3,0; 3,0; 3,2,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,

,

3,0; 6,0; 4,8

7,

,

3,2; 3,6; 3,6,

,

3,0; 3,6; 6,0,

,

2,8; 3,0; 4,8,

,

2,8; 4,8; 4,8,

,

3,2; 6,0; 4,8,

,

3,8; 4,8; 6,0,

,

2,8; 4,8; 4,8,

,

2,8; 7,2; 4,8,

,

3,0; 3,6; 6,0,

,

2,8; 3,6; 3,2

8,

,

3,0; 6,0; 3,2,

,

2,8; 3,6; 6,0,

,

3,2; 6,0; 4,8,

,

3,0; 7,2; 4,8,

,

2,8; 3,6; 3,2,

,

2,8; 3,0; 4,8,

,

3,0; 6,0; 3,2,

,

3,8; 4,8; 6,0

,

3,2; 6,0; 4,8,

,

2,8; 7,2; 4,8

9,

,

3,8; 4,8; 6,0,

,

2,8; 4,8; 4,8,

,

2,8; 3,6; 3,2,

,

2,8; 3,0; 4,8,

,

3,0; 6,0; 3,2,

,

3,2; 3,6; 3,6,

,

2,8; 3,6; 6,0,

,

2,8; 3,6; 4,8,

,

2,8; 3,6; 3,2,

,

2,8; 3,6; 4,8

0,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,

,

2,8; 7,2; 3,8,

,

3,0; 4,8;3,2,

,

3,0; 4,8; 4,8,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,

,

3,0; 4,8; 4,8,

,

2,8; 7,2; 3,8,

,

2,8; 6,0;3,6,

,

3,0; 4,8;3,2

1.2

1234567890

1

W=1.40

=2000

W=1.85

=2025

W=2.40

=2030

W=1.56

=2140

W=1.76

=2270

W=1.96

=2390

W=2.16

=2500

W=2.36

=2497

W=2.27

=2197

W=2.17

=2500

2

W=1.45

=2050

W=1.90

=2075

W=2.45

=2040

W=1.58

=2160

W=1.78

=2280

W=1.98

=2410

W=2.18

=2490

W=2.38

=2487

W=2.37

=2207

W=2.17

=2490

3

W=1.50

=2100

W=1.95

=2125

W=2.50

=2060

W=1.60

=2170

W=1.82

=2290

W=2.00

=2420

W=2.22

=2480

W=2.40

=2477

W=2.47

=2217

W=2.17

=2480

4

W=1.55

=2150

W=2.00

=2175

W=1.42

=2070

W=1.62

=2180

W=1.80

=2310

W=2.02

=2430

W=2.20

=2470

W=2.42

=2467

W=2.19

=2227

W=2.07

=2470

5

W=1.60

=2200

W=2.05

=2225

W=1.44

=2080

W=1.64

=2190

W=1.84

=2320

W=2.04

=2440

W=2.24

=2460

W=2.44

=2457

W=2.09

=2237

W=1.97

=2460

6

W=1.65

=2250

W=2.10

=2275

W=1.46

=2090

W=1.66

=2210

W=1.86

=2330

W=2.06

=2493

W=2.26

=2495

W=2.46

=2447

W=1.99

=2247

W=1.87

=2495

7

W=1.70

=2300

W=2.15

=2325

W=1.48

=2110

W=1.68

=2220

W=1.88

=2340

W=2.08

=2483

W=2.28

=2485

W=2.48

=2437

W=1.89

=2257

W=1.77

=2485

8

W =1.75

=2350

W=2.20

=2375

W=1.50

=2115

W=1.72

=2230

W=1.90

=2360

W=2.12

=2473

W=2.32

=2475

W=2.0

=2427

W=1.79

=2267

W=1.67

=2475

9

W=1.80

=2400

W=2.25

=2425

W=1.52

=2120

W=1.70

=2240

W=1.92

=2370

W=2.10

=2463

W=2.30

=2465

W=2.50

=2417

W=1.69

=2377

W=1.57

=2465

0

W=2.30

=2450

W=2.35

=2010

W=1.54

=2130

W=1.74

=2260

W=1.94

=2380

W=2.14

=2453

W=2.34

=2455

W=1.49

=2397

W=1.59

=2387

W=1.47

=2455

: ; , /3; W , %..

2.1

, , . . , , .

2.2

( 1 1 (594841 ), 1:20, 1:25), :) ( 1:200, 1:300);

) , , ;

) , ;

) ;) .

.

2.3

, 1(594841 ), , 4 (210297 ). .

.

3.1 ,

(. 3.1).

, , , .

.

, , , -, - . . . , , , .

. .

, , .

. , . , . : 66; 612, 96; 912; 1212 600.

- 400 2,86,4 . 300 .

.

. , . 3.2.

3.2 , , , . , , . .

.

- , , ( . 3.2).

3.2.1 . [14].

, , , , . , ( ) [16].

, , .

. ( ). , . , , . , , (. 3.3).3.2.2 , , .

, - . , . , :

, (3.1)

, (3.2)

- , /;

- , /;

- (. 3.3), .

( 3.4, 3.5). .

. , :

,(3.3)

( 2);

,

( , );

, . , , , , . , .

:

(3.4)

. 3.4 . 3.5 5 . .

( ) :

,

(3.5)

;

, .

,

(3.6)

, 0,85 0,8.

, , . ( ) :

.

(3.7)

( 6), .

, , - :

,(3.8)

;

.

:

(3.9)

:

(3.10)

, .

:

.(3.11)

5 . , . :

.(3.12)

, - :

.(3.13)

:

.(3.14)

.

3.2.3 ( ) , - , (). , , . :

,(3.15)

, 0.6, 0.5;

2;

,

,(3.16) , = 0.

, ():

1. (6 10 ). .

2. n ( ).

3. :

Asw=Asw1n, (3.17)

;

Asw1 .

4. :

(3.18)

= 2 ; 1.7; , :

.(3.19)

5. :

,(3.20)

( 3, 4); .

, .

, (1/4) , h 150 450 , 450 1/3 500 . 50 .

, ( ), 20 15 . [14, .57-62].

3.2.4 ( )

. , , .

, , , .

.

, , , , .

, , , .

, :

,(3.21)

;

;

.

, , :

, (3.22)

:

1. :

) ( W40%);

) .

2. , :

) 0.9; ) 0.7.

3. : . (3.23)

4. : . (3.24)

5. : . (3.25)

.

6. :

. (3.26)

7. :

. (3.27)

.

8. :

) :

; (3.28)

) : (3.29)

, , .

9. :

(3.30)

.

10. :

Wred = Jred/yo, (3.31)

y0 .

11.:

Wpl = Wred , (3.32)

=1.75 ,

=1.5 .

12. , .

, ;

- , .

13. , (0hf ( 4.2,), :

(4.33 )

xtem :

(4.34)

s,tem :

xtem hf s,tem=, (4.35)

xtem >hf s,tem=. (4.36) s,tem , 13 ts,cr (4.8) . 0,9.

a)

) 4.2

) xtem hf;

) xtem >hf.

4.2.5.4 (, , )

, , ( 4.3). tem , x,tem. Rscu s,tem. x,tem (4.25). btem=b2x,tem .

(4.9) (4.12). 13 s,tem. Rbutembtem(h00,5tem)+Rscu s,temAs (h0a) Mn=0. (4.37)

tem ,:

tem= (4.38)

4.3

(4.39)

(4.40)

13 s,tem ts,cr.

, , . , , : , . (4.16). x, y :

, (4.41)

As,i i- ;

ts,i i- , ;

As .

ts,m ts,cr , , . , . , ( , ).4.2.5.5

, .

( ) , . , .

, , () tb,cr.

:

Np,t,=tem (Rbu+RscuAs,tots,tem), (4.42)

, =b h;

s,tot ;

tem , , .

tem 7 l0/b , l0 .

1 . (4.19),(4.21) b h .

(4.16) , (4.9), (4.12), (4.13). 13 s,tem . s,tem , (4.41).

Np,t=Nn .

. .

V.

5.1 ,

66 . 1248 . ( 1.1, 1.2):

) V = 8.0 /2;

) ;

) N = 9;

) 35 ;

) -, -;

) ( 21 );

) . , I ( 8);

) b2=0.9;

) 35 ( 2 ):

Eb=31103 ;

:

Rb =19.5b2= 19.50.9=17.55 ;

Rbt =1.3 b2= 1.30.9=1.17 ;

:

Rb,ser = 25.5 ;

Rbt,ser = 1.95 ;

) ( 3 ):

-: Es=21104 ;

-: Rs = 225 ;

-: Rsw = 175 ;

-: Rs = 225 ;

-II: Es=20104 ;

-II 10..40 : Rs = 365 ;

-II 10..40 : Rsw = 290 ;

-II 10..40 : Rs = 365 ;

. n=0.95 [2]. f=1.1, - f=1.3 [2] ( 5.1). . . , . . . .

5.2

5.2.1 5.1. 1.56 ( 5.2). . ( 5.3).

d : = 0.9d, (5.1)

= 0.9159 = 143 .

:

bf = bf = 1490 215 = 1460 . :

hf=31+(da)/2=31+(159 143)/2=39 ;

hf=30+ (da)/2=30+(159 143)/2=38 .

:

b = 1460 na =1460 7143 = 459 ,

n=7 .

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.2.2 ( 5.1). 1 2 ( ), ( ), ( n ). /3 , 9,81 ( 1 = 9,81 ). (f ). 50% .

5.1

/ -, /2 f , /2

12345

1 :

) =13 ( =1800 /3)

n g=

=0.01318000.959.81218.081.1239.89

)

=20 ( =2200 /3)

0.0222000.959.81410.061.3533.08

) ( m=2800 )

2800:(1.56.0)0.959.8129001.13190

q :q=3528.14q=3962.95

2 :

) 40001.24800

) V 40001.24800

V:V =8000V=9600

3 q+V :V+q =

11528.14V+q =

13562.95

4 :V +q=

7528.14V+q =

8762.95

.

:

) :

h = (1/101/15)L, (5.2)

L ;

h= (1/10)6000=600 .

) :

b = (0.30.4)h,

(5.3)

b= 0.33600=200 .

( 5.4 ):

L0 = 6000 210 2(100 10)/2 = 5890 .

5.4

(3.1), (3.2) ( 5.1):1) :

= [(q + V)L20bf]/8 = [13562.955.8921.46]/8 = 85871.22 ; (5.4) Q = [(q + V)L0 bf]/2 = [13562.955.891.46]/2 = 58316.62 ; (5.5)

2) :

= [(q + V)L20bf]/8 = [11528.145.8921.46]/8 = 72988.21 ;

Q = [(q + V)L0 bf]/2 = [11528.145.891.46]/2 = 49567.54 ;

3) :

=[(q + V)L20bf]/8 = [(3528.14 + 4000)5.8921.46]/8 = 47662.98 ;

Q =[(q + V)L0 bf]/2 = [(3528.14 + 4000)5.891.46]/2 = 32368.74 .

M Q.

(3.3):

= 19.81463.9(19 0.53.9)= 192223.75 . (5.6)

f = 192223.75 > p = 85871.22 .

, b=bf=146 . ( 5.5 ).

5.5

, =3 ( 5.5 ):

h0=h a=220 30=190 . (5.7)

, , . (3.4):

0 = /[Rbbh20 ]=85871.22 /[19.8146192] = 0.082 = 0.957 =0.086, (5.8)

;

5.

R (3.5):

(5.9)

, ( ) .

, (5.10)

, 0,85. = 0.086 < R = 0.544,

, . (3.7) :

= 85871.22 / 3650.95719 = 12.94 2, (5.11)

Rs , - 10...40 Rs=365 ( 3 ). 8 .

816 - s = 16.08 2 ( 6 ). 88 -.

5.2.3

Q Qb, , , . (3.15):

= 0.6(1 + 0)1.261060.4590.19 = 65930.76 >

> Qpmax = 58316.62 ,

(5.12)

, 0.6, , = 0. . . L0/4 S= h/2 =220/2 =110 100 . L/2 S = 300 .

, . , ( 9).

1) dsw=8 .

2) n=8.

3) (3.17) ( 6 ): Asw=As1n=0.5038=4.02 2. (5.13)

4) (3.18) : == / = 203.61 / . (5.14)

5) (3.20) :

= . (5.15)

. , :

-1 ( 10 ).

5.2.4

( 5.1, 5.2) , =2330 /3. . Rbu R btu Rscu Rsu , [15], b=0,83, s=0,9. Rbu= .

-III : Rsu= .

( 5.8) :

bf= bf=1460 ; L0=5890 ; h=220 ; = 72988.21 ;

a=aL+d/2=22+16/2=30 ; hf=39 ; h0=190 ; s=1608 2.

=37,64 c ( 12). 2000 /3 1=0,5.

, xtem< hf , b= b f (4.31):

xtem= h0-. (5.41)

xtem=7,69 < hf=39 ( 5.8), .

(4.32):

. (5.42) (4.27):

.

(5.43)

13 s,tem =0,563 -III ts,cr=568,790C;

erf =.

(5.44)

11 : =0,54.

5.8

( 12 ):

:

/(0), (5.45)

:

/(0), (5.46)

: 2/c. (5.47)

(4.8) :

c=

=1,78 .

(5.48)

0,9. :

=0,91,78=1,6 =96 (5.49)

5.3

5.3.1

, - . . 6 , . 6 . .

- 1 2 , 6 . ( 5.2).

5.2 / -, / -, f -, /

12345

1 :

) (.5.1)3528.1463962.956

) : bhn9,81=

0.80.225000.959.81372811.14101

q:q =24896.84q = 27878.5

2 .:

) (50%V)400061.228800

) (50%V)V400061.228800

. V:V = 48000V = 57600

3 : q + V72896.8485478.5

: q + V48896.8456678.7

5.3.2 ( )

, . 5050 . , 250 , 125 , 25 ( 5.9 ):

L0 = 6000 (25025)/2 250 25130/2 = 5523 .

5.9

(3.1), (3.2):

1) :

= [(q + V)L20]/8 = [85.4795.5232]/8 = 325.93 ; (5.50)

Q = [(q + V)L0]/2 = [85.4795.523]/2 = 236.05 ; (5.51)

2) :

= [(q + V)L20]/8 = [72.8975.5232]/8 = 277.95 ;

Q = [(q + V)L0]/2 = [72.8975.523]/2 = 201.31 ;

3) :

= [(q + V)L20]/8 = [48.8975.5232]/8 = 186.44 ;

Q = [(q + V)L0]/2 = [48.8975.523]/2 = 135.03 .

.

:

h0 = h a d/2,

(5.52)

, 15, 16, 17, 18 , =50 ;

d , d=20 .

h0 = 80 5 2/2=74 .

, , (3.4):

0 = /[Rbbh20 ]=325.93103 /[17.551060.20.742] = 0.17

= 0.906 = 0.188 ( 5).

R (3.5):

= 0.188 < R = 0.564, , .

(3.7) :

s = 325.93105/[3651020.90674] = 13.32 2.

422 - s = 15.20 2 ( 6).

, 17. 1=50 , 1=50 ; 2=120 , 2=50 .

:

=8.5 , (5.53)

: h0 = 80 8.5=71.5 ,

0 = /[Rbbh20 ]=325.93103 /[17.551060.20.7152] = 0.182

= 0.899 = 0.203 ( 5),

= 0.203 < R = 0.564,

5.3.3

Q Q>Qb, , , . (3.15):

Q = 0.6(1 + 0)1.171060.7070.2= 99262.80 < Qmax = 236050 .

. , . , ( 9).

1) dsw=10 .

2) n=2.

3) (3.17) As=0.7852=1.57 2.

4) (3.18) :

qsw= / = 696.7 / .

5) (3.20) : S= .

, . l0/4 S= h/3 = 800/3 =266 250 . l/2 S= h/3 = 800/3 =266 250 . 50 .

.

1) dsw=10 .

2) n=2.

3) (3.17) As=0.7852=1.57 2.

4) (3.18) :

qsw= / = 774.32 / .

(3.20) : S= .

,

S= h/3 = 650/3 =216 200 , 200 .

5.3.4

35 , =2330 /3. Rbu R btu Rscu Rsu , [15] b=0,83, s=0,9.

Rbu= .

-III : Rsu= .

( 5.12):

b=200 ; L0=5523; h=800 ; = 277.95 ;

a1=50 ; a2=120 ; a=93 ; h0=707 ; s=1610 2;

s1=628 2;

s2=982 2. 12: =37,64 c. 2000 /3 1=0,5.

5.12

: 1=0 ; 2=1 ; 3=2 ; 4=3 .

1=0 (4.28):

(5.54)

;

(5.55)

.

2=1 14 x,tem=15 , btem=b 2 x,tem=200215=170 .

15,17 : t1=t2=3600C; a1=50 ; c1=50 ;t3=t4=273 0C; a2=120 ; c2=50 .

( 13): s,tem1= s,tem2= 1,0; s,tem3= s,tem4= 1,0.

a=atem, h0=h0,tem.

:

.

:

.

3=2 14 x,tem=30 , btem=b 2 x,tem=200230=140 ( 5.12).

15,17 : t1=t2=600 0C; a1=50 ; c1=50 ;

t3=t4=510 0C; a2=120 ; c2=50 .

( 15): s,tem1= s,tem2= 0,46; s,tem3= s,tem4= 0,757.

atem= (5.56)

(5.57)

=447,31 ,

,

h0tem=h atem=800 95.66= 704.34 .

atem =a, h0,tem= h0.

: . (5.58)

:

.

4=3 14 x,tem=35 , btem=b 2 x,tem=200235=130 ( 5.12).

15,17 : t1=t2=750 0C; a1=50 ; c1=50 ;

t3=t4=670 0C; a2=120 ; c2=50 .

0,09; 0,25

=130,87 ,

,

h0tem=h atem=800 101.5= 698.5699 .

:

0,33 (5.58)

:

.

( 5.13) =2.15 =129 .

5.13

5.4

5.4.1

= 66 = 36 2.

- . [15] , 1/600 1/30 1 . 4040 . :

) 2.8 ;

) 7.2 ;

) 3.8 .

:

L0 = 0.9h = 0.92.8 = 2.52 .

:

q = bhHgf, (5.59)

b h , ;

, ;

, =2500 /3;

g g=9,81, 1=9,81 ;

:

q = 0.40.42.82.59.811.10.95 = 11.48 ;

:

q1 = 0.40.47.22.59.811.10.95 = 29.52 ;

:

q_ = 0.40.43.82.59.811.10.95 = 15.58 .

, :

q = 0.40.42.82.59.810.95 = 10.44 ;

q1 = 0.40.47.22.59.810.95 = 26.84 ;

q_ = 0.40.43.82.59.810.95 = 14.17 .

, .

5.3 /- - , /2 - -, /2

12345

1 :

) 4001.2480

) 3

(1215 )1601.3208

) =20 , =1800 /3

0.029.8118000.953351.2403

)

=120 , =500 /3

0.129.815000.956001.2720

) - 501.365

) 29001.13190

q :Q = 4445q = 5066

2 :

) V5001.2700

) V

V:V = 5001.4V = 700

3 : q + V49455766

: q + V44455066

, ( 5.3):

(): q = 506636 + 372861.1 = 206981 =206.98 ;

: q = 70036 = 25200 = 25.2 ;

: q = 506636 + 372861.1 +70036=232181 =232.18 ;

5066 /2 ;

3728 / ;

700 /2 .

, ( 5.2):

() : q=23777.76+4100.86+288006=340071=340.07 ;

: q = 288006 = 172800 = 172.8 ;

: q=23777.76 + 4100.86+576006=512871 = 512.87 ;

23777.7 / ;

4101/ ;

57600 / .

. [17] .

: Nsn=70036=25200 =25.2 .

: Nsn = 0 .

5.4.

5.4 , , ,

Ndl-

Ncd

N

1345678

9206.9825.515.58222.5625.5247.76

8547.05198.0031.16578.21198.00776.21

7887.12370.8046.74933.86370.801304.66

61227.19543.6062.321289.51543.601833.11

51567.26716.477.901645.16716.402361.56

41907.33889.2093.482000.81889.202890.01

32247.401062.00109.062356.461062.003418.46

22587.471234.80124.642712.111234.803946.91

12927.541407.60154.163081.71407.604489.30

3267.611580.40165.643433.251580.405013.65

( 5.5 ) , .

5.5 , , ,

-

Ndl-

Ncd

N

1345678

9182.3918.014.17196.5618.0214.56

8475.77162.0028.34504.11162.00666.11

7769.15306.8042.51811.66306.801117.66

61062.53450.056.681119.21450.01569.21

51355.91594.070.851426.76594.02020.76

41649.29738.085.021734.31738.02472.31

31942.67882.099.192041.86882.02923.86

22236.051026.0113.362349.411026.03375.41

12529.431170.0140.202669.631170.03839.63

2822.811314.0150.642973.451314.04287.45

, ( 5.3):

() : q = 444536 + 37286 = 182388 =182.39 ;

: q = 50036 = 18000 = 18.0 ;

: q = 444536 + 37286 +50036 =200388 = 200.39 ;

, ( 5.2):

: q = 21168.846 + 37286+240006 = 293381 =293.38 ;

: q = 240006 = 144000 = 144 ;

: q= 21168.846 + 37286+480006=437381.04 = 437.38 ;

:

) = h/30 = 400/30 = 13.33 ;

) = l0/600 = 2520/600 = 4.2 ; l0 ; ) > 1 .

= 13.33 .

:

N [RbA + Rs(As + A's)], (5. 60)

N , N=5013.65 ;

, =1 h>200 .

, ==1, =0.01, :

As + A's = 0.01,

5013.65 1.01.0[17.55(100) + 365(100)0.01] = 2120,

5013.65 = 2120,

= 5013.65 (103) /2120 = 2336.06 2,

.

5050 .

: = l0/h = 2520/500 = 5.04.

: N/N = 3433.05/5013.6 = 0.685.

7 b sb N/N :

b = 0.92; sb = 0.92.

= b + (2(sb b)Rsc(As + A's)/RbA). (5.61)

= 0.92 + 0.0 = 0.92.

:

As + A's = N/[ Rsc] [ARb]/Rsc. (5.62) As + A's = 5013.65(103)/[0.921365(100)] [505017.55]/365 = 27.28 2.

:

= 27.28/[5050 ]= 0.011 < [=0.03].

As + A's = 625 - s=29.45 2. 10 - 500 ( 9) ( 5.14).

5.14

5.4.2

, 5.3.8. 35 , =2330 /3. Rbu R btu Rscu Rsu , [15], b=0,83, s=0,9.

Rbu= .

-III : Rsu= .

( 5.14) : b=h=500 , N=4287.45 .

12: =37,64 c. 2000/3 1=0,5.

( 12 ):

/(0),

/(0),

2/c.

: 1=0 ; 2=1 ; 3=2 ; 4=3 . . .

1=0 (4.42):

Np,t,=0=tem(Rbu+RscuAs,tots,tem)=

0,922=8257,58 ; (5.63)

tem , -, .

tem 7 L0/b, L0 , L0/b=2.52/0.5=5.04, tem=0,922.

2=1 .

(4.11) :

(5.64)

(4.10) : (5.65) x=y=0,5h-al-0,5d=0,50,5-0,03-0,50,025=0,208 .

20 : x =y=0,78. (4.13):

tx=0,208= ty=0,208= 1250(1250t) x=1250-(1250-20)0,78=290,6 0C. (5.66)

(4.16):

tx=0,208,y=0,208,=1= t (5.67)

0C , :

t=345lg(8 +1)+t=345lg(83600+1)+20=15590C (4.1). (5.68)

13 s,tem 0,745.

. , =0 (4.14):

tx=0= ty=0=1250(1250t) =1250(125020)1=20 0C, (5.69)

19 :

Fox/4=0,018/4=0,005, =1. tb,cr=650 0C (4.20):

,==

=. (5.70)

20 Fox=0,018 ,=0,488 ,=0,093.

:

b=h=2(0,5h+k)(1- ,)=2(0,50,5+37,64)(1-,093)=0,495 (5.71)

2=1,0 (4.42):

Np,t,=1=0,9197791,19 ;

L0/b=2.52/0.495=5.09, tem=0,92.

3=2 .

(4.11) :

(4.10) :

x=y=0,5h-al-0,5d=0,50,5-0,03-0,50,025=0,208 .

20 x =y=0,573. (4.13):

tx=0,208= ty=0,208= 1250(1250t) x=1250-(1250-20)0,573=544,8 0C.

(4.16):

tx=0,208,y=0,208,=2= 0C ,

t=345lg(8 +1)+t =345lg(823600+1)+20=1663 0C (4.1).

13 s,tem =0.

. , =0 (4.14):

tx=0= ty=0=1250(1250t) =1250(125020)0,9996=20,49 0C,

19 :

Fox/4=0,036/4=0,009, =0,9996 . tb,cr=650 0C (4.20):

,==.

20 Fox=0,036 ,=0,488 ,=0,2.

b=h=2(0,50,5+37,64)(1-0,2)=0,437 .

3=2,0 (4.42):

Np,t,=2=0,925162,6 ;

L0/b=2.52/0.437=5.76, tem=0,92.

4=3 .

(4.11) :

(4.10) :

x=y=0,5h-al-0,5d=0,50,5-0,03-0,50,025=0,208 .

20 x =y=0,453. (4.13):

tx=0,208= ty=0,208= 1250(1250t) x=1250-(1250-20)0,453=693 0C.

(4.16):

tx=0,208,y=0,208,=2= 0C ,

t=345lg(8 +1)+t =345lg(833600+1)+20=1724 0C (4.1).

13 s,tem =0.

. , =0 (4.14):

tx=0= ty=0=1250(1250t) =1250(125020)0,9944=27 0C,

19 :

Fox/4=0,055/4=0,014, =0,9944 . tb,cr=650 0C (4.20):

,==.

20 Fox=0,055 ,=0,49 ,=0,253.

b=h=2(0,50,5+37,64)(1-0,253)=0,408 .

4=3,0 (4.42):

Np,t,=3=0,924387,62 ;

L0/b=2.52/0.408=6.18, tem=0,92.

5=4 .

(4.11) :

(4.10) :

x=y=0,5h-al-0,5d=0,50,5-0,03-0,50,025=0,208 .

20 x =y=0,4. (4.13):

tx=0,208= ty=0,208= 1250(1250t) x=1250-(1250-20)0,4=758 0C.

(4.16):

tx=0,208,y=0,208,=2= 0C ,

t=345lg(8 +1)+t =345lg(843600+1)+20=1767 0C (4.1).

13 s,tem =0.

. , =0 (4.14):

tx=0= ty=0=1250(1250t) =1250(125020)0,9832=41 0C,

19 :

Fox/4=0,073/4=0,018, =0,9832 . tb,cr=650 0C (4.20):

,==.

20 Fox=0,073 ,=0,496 ,=0,32.

b=h=2(0,50,5+37,64)(1-0,32)=0,371 .

5=4,0 (4.42):

Np,t,=4=0,4251797,04 ;

L0/b=7.2/0.389=18.5, tem=0,425.

( 5.15) .

=3,15 =189 .

5.15

VI.

. ( 1), , , .

, , , .

, , , .

, .

.

2 ( 22, 23 ).

" " ().

. .

16 . : ; ; .

, , 1:100; 1:200 ( ), ( 1:20), , , , ( 22 ).

1:20, 1:20, , , , , , , ( 23 ).

, , .

, , , . , , (, , ), , , , ; , . , , 1:10. , . ( ). . .

:

;

;

;

.

.

: :

_____________________ ______________________

________

_______________200_. ______

______________________ ______________________

______________________

2008 1 , ( )

7.51012.515202530354045505560

( )Rb4.56.07.58.511.514.517.019.522.025.027.530.033.0

Rbt0.480.570.660.750.901.051.201.301.401.451.551.601.65

( )Rb,ser5.57.59.511.015.018.522.025.529.032.036.039.543.0

Rbt,ser0.700.851.001.151.401.601.801.952.102.202.302.402.50

, Eb14500160001900020500240002700029000310003250034000350003550036000

2 ,

RS,SER ES

RSC

RS ()RSW

-225175225235210 000

-280225280295210 000

-, :

68355285335390200 000

1040365290365390200 000

-V510405450590190 000

-V680545500785190 000

-V815650500980190 000

-V9807855001175190 000

- :

490390200540180 000

450360200540180 000

3 ,

, RS,SER ES

RSC

RS ()RSW

-3375270375410170 000

4365265365405

5360260360395

-312409904001490200 000

411809404001410

511108904001335

610508354001255

79807854001175

89157304001100

-312159704001460200 000

411459154001370

510458354001255

69807854001175

79157304001100

88506804001020

-7612109654001450180 000

911459154001370

1211108904001335

1510808654001295

-191411759404001410180 00

4 ,

0,010,9950,010,260,870,2260,510,7450,38

0,020,990,020,270,8650,2340,520,740,385

0,030,9850,030,280,860,2410,530,7350,39

0,040,980,0390,290,8550,2480,540,730,394

0,050,9750,0490,30,850,2550,550,7250,399

0,060,970,0580,310,8450,2620,560,720,403

0,070,9650,0680,320,840,2690,570,7150,407

0,080,960,0770,330,8350,2760,580,710,412

0,090,9550,0860,340,830,2820,590,7050,416

0,10,950,0950,350,8250,2890,600,70,42

0,110,9450,1040,360,820,2950,620,690,428

0,120,940,1130,370,8150,3020,640,680,435

0,130,9350,1220,380,810,3080,660,670,442

0,140,930,130,390,8050,3140,680,660,449

0,150,9250,1390,40,80,320,70,650,455

0,160,920,1470,410,7950,3260,720,640,461

0,170,9150,1560,420,790,3320,740,630,466

0,180,910,1640,430,7850,3380,760,620,471

0,190,9050,1720,440,780,3430,780,610,476

0,20,90,180,450,7750,3490,80,60,48

0,210,8950,1880,460,770,3540,850,5750,489

0,220,890,1960,470,7650,360,90,550,495

0,230,8850,2040,480,760,3650,950,5250,499

0,240,880,2110,490,7550,3710,500,5

0,250,8750,2190,50,750,375

5

2

12345678910/-----VI--

30,0710,140,210,280,350,420,490,570,640,710,055++

40,1260,250,380,500,630,760,881,011,131,260,099++

50,1960,390,590,790,981,181,371,571,771,960,154++

60,2830,570,851,131,421,701,982,262,552,830,222++++

80,5031,011,512,012,513,023,524,024,535,030,395++++

100,7851,572,363,143,934,715,506,287,077,850,617+++++

121,1312,263,394,525,656,797,929,0510,1811,310,888+++++

141,5393,084,626,167,699,2310,7712,3113,8515,391,208+++++

162,0114,026,038,0410,0512,0614,0716,0818,1020,111,578+++++

182,5455,097,6310,1812,7215,2717,8120,3622,9025,451,998+++++

203,1426,289,4112,5615,7118,8521,9925,1428,2831,422,466+++++

223,8017,6011,4015,2019,0022,8126,6130,4134,2138,012,984+++++

254,9099,8214,7319,6324,5429,4534,3639,2744,1849,093,84++++

286,15812,3218,4724,6330,7936,9543,1049,2655,4261,584,83++++

328,04216,0824,1332,1740,2148,2556,3064,3472,3880,426,31++++

3610,18020,3630,5440,7250,9061,0871,2681,4491,62101,87,99++

4012,56025,1237,6850,2462,8075,3687,92100,48113,04125,69,865++

6

Nl

N I0 / h

68101214161820

(.) 00.930.910.910.900.890.860.830.80

0.50.920.910.900.880.850.800.730.65

10.920.910.890.860.810.740.630.55

00.930.910.890.850.800.780.740.70

0.50.920.900.880.840.770.720.680.60

10.920.900.870.810.740.670.600.51

= ' < 0,15h sm < As,tot /3

(.) 00.930.920.910.900.890.870.840.81

0.50.920.920.910.900.870.840.800.75

10.920.910.900.880.860.820.770.70

00.930.910.890.850.830.790.750.71

0.50.920.910.890.840.780.760.720.67

10.920.900.880.830.770.740.680.62

0.25h > = ' > 0,15h sm As,tot /3

(.) 00.920.920.910.890.870.840.800.75

0.50.920.910.900.870.830.790.720.65

10.920.910.890.860.800.740.660.58

00.920.910.890.840.790.750.710.66

0.50.920.900.880.830.770.710.680.60

10.920.900.870.810.740.680.610.52

: Nl ; N (, -

).

7 1 2

( /2 )

S0, /2

, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , I500

, , , , , , , , , , , , X, , , , II700

, , , , , , , , , , -, , , , , , , , , , , , III1000

, , , , , , , , --, , , , , , , IV1500

, V2000

8

, - d1, 34568101214161820222528323640

d2, 333333455668810101212

Umin Vmin, 505050507575757575100100100150150150200200

V1 min , ---3030304040404050505060708080

10

Xerf XXerf XXerf XXerf X

0,000,00000,500,52051,000,84271,500,9661

0,020,02160,520,53791,020,85081,520,9684

0,040,04510,540,55491,040,85861,540,9706

0,060,06760,560,57161,060,86611,560,9726

0,080,09010,580,58791,080,87331,580,9745

0,100,11250,600,60391,100,88021,600,9763

0,120,13480,620,61941,120,88681,620,9780

0,140,15690,640,63461,140,89311,640,9796

0,160,17900,660,64941,160,89911,660,9811

0,180,20090,680,66381,180,90481,680,9825

0,200,22270,700,67781,200,91031,700,9838

0,220,24430,720,69141,220,91551,720,9850

0,240,26570,740,70471,240,92051,740,9861

0,260,28690,760,71751,260,92521,760,9872

0,280,30790,780,73001,280,92971,780,9882

0,300,32860,800,74211,300,93401,800,9891

0,320,34910,820,75381,320,93811,900,9928

0,340,36940,840,76511,340,94192,000,9953

0,360,38930,860,77611,360,94562,100,9970

0,380,40900,880,78671,380,94602,200,9981

0,400,42840,900,79691,400,95232,300,9989

0,420,44750,920,80681,420,95542,400,9993

0,440,46620,940,81631,440,95832,500,9996

0,460,48470,960,82541,460,96112,600,9998

0,480,50270,980,83121,480,96372,700,9999

11

/ , / 3tem=A+Bt, /( )Ctem=C+Dt, /( )

1 23301,2-0,00035t710+0,84t

2 22501,14-0,00055t710+0,84t

313800,383+0,00008t841+0,48t

4 19001,044-0,0006t773+0,63t

5 4800,093+0,00019t924+0,63t

7500,186+0,00008t924+0,63t

1100t=0,31=const924+0,63t

12

, /310001500200023002450

1/20,550,580,600,620,65

1/233,034,836,037,239,0

13

teml0/b810121416182022

tem1,00,980,960,930,890,850,810,77

l0/b24262830323436

tem0,730,680,640,590,540,490,44

14 s,tem ,

s,tem=Rs,tem/Rsn 0

400450500550600650700750800

1234567891011

1 () -I1,00,830,660,510,370,240,150,090,05

2 -II1,01,00,760,520,360,230,160,10,06

3 -III1,00,980,790,6250,460,300,180,090,05

4 -III1,00,910,700,490,330,20,130,070,03

5 -IV0,970,810,640,50,350,210,10,050,02

6 , -V0,970,790,6250,40,230,110,060,030,01

7 -V1,01,00,690,380,150,050,010,00,0

8 -II, 38 .0,530,420,310,220,140,080,050,030,01

x,tem , y,tem

1 a1=30; c2=150 ;

2 a1=40; c2=150 ;

3 a1=60; c2=150 .

1 a2=120; c1=50;

2 a2=120; c1=60;

3 a2=120; c1=70;

4 a2=120; c1=80;

5 a2=120; c1=100 .

1 a2=45; c2=150 ;

2 a2=50; c2=150 ;

3 a2=60; c2=150 ;

4 a2=100; c2=150 ;

15

Fo/4

Fo/4

Fo/4

0,0011,00000,0450,80880,0880,5340

0,0021,00000,0460,80150,0890,5288

0,0031,00000,0470,79410,0900,5236

0,0041,00000,0480,78680,0910,5185

0,0051,00000,0490,77960,0920,5134

0,0061,00000,0500,77230,0930,5084

0,0071,00000,0510,76510,0940,5034

0,0080,99980,0520,75790,0950,4985

0,0090,99960,0530,75080,0960,4936

0,0100,99920,0540,74370,0970,4887

0,0110,99850,0550,73670,0980,4839

0,0120,99750,0560,72970,0990,4792

0,0130,99610,0570,72270,1000,4745

0,0140,99440,0580,71580,1020,4652

0,0150,99220,0590,70900,1040,4561

0,0160,98960,0600,70220,1060,4472

0,0170,98660,0610,69550,1080,4385

0,0180,98320,0620,68880,1100,4299

0,0190,97940,0630,68210,1120,4215

0,0210,97520,0640,67560,1140,4133

0,0220,97060,0650,66900,1160,4052

0,0230,96570,0660,66260,1180,3973

0,0240,96050,0670,65610,1200,3895

0,0250,95500,0680,64980,1220,3819

0,0260,94930,0690,64350,1240,3745

0,0270,94330,0700,63720,1260,3671

0,0280,93720,0710,63100,1280,3600

0,0290,93080,0720,62490,1300,3529

0,0300,92420,0730,61880,1320,3460

0,0310,91070,0740,61280,1340,3393

0,0320,90380,0750,60880,1360,3326

0,0330,89670,0760,60090,1380,3261

0,0340,88960,0770,59500,1400,3198

0,0350,88240,0780,58920,1420,3135

0,0360,87520,0790,58350,1440,3074

0,0370,86790,0800,57780,1460,3014

0,0380,86050,0810,57210,1480,2955

0,0390,85320,0820,56650,1500,2897

0,0400,84580,0830,56100,1520,2840

0,0410,83840,0840,55550,1540,2785

0,0420,83100,0850,55000,1560,2731

0,0430,82360,0860,554470,1580,2677

0,0440,81620,0870,5393

28 , =550 /3

: 40x80 , =550 /3

( ) 32100 ,

=250 /3

30 , =2400 /3

15 , =800 /3

- 40 , =1800 /3

:

70 , =600 /3

5 , =1100 /3

15 50 , =1200 /3

:

70 , =600 /3

30 , =1450 /3

50 , =2400 /3

1. 2272-93. . . .

2. .1.1-2-97 ( 30402-96 ) . . .

3. .1.1-4-98 . . . .

4. .2.7-19-95 ( 30244-94 ) . - . .

5. .2.7-70-98 ( 30444-97 ) . .

6. .1.1-60-95 . . .

7. 21.501-80. . .

8. 25.192-82. . .

9. 21.503-80. . .

10. 8279-81. . . .

11. 23.279-78. 40 . .

12. 21.502-73. -.

13. ( ). ., 1989.

. .: , 1989.

14. 2.03.01-84*. . . .: , 1989.

15. 2-22-81. . . .: , 1983.

16. 2.01.07-85. . . .: , 1986.

17. 2.02.02-83. . . .: , 1985.

18. II-90-81. -. .: , 1982.

19. 2.01.01-82. . .: , 1983.

20. . ., . . . . .: 1991.

21. . . . . . .: , 1995. 591 .

22. . . . . .: , 1988.

23. . . . . .: , 1990.

24. . . . .: , 1988.

25. . . -. .: , 1987.

26. . . " ". .: , 1989.

27. . ., . . . .: 1974.

28. . . . . .: , 1989.

29. . . . . .: , 1972.

30. . . . . .: , 1988.

31. . . .: , 1986.

32. . . , . . , .. , .. . . .: , 1970.

, ,

,

, ,

3. .

,

- .

15.03.2004 . 60(90 1/16.

Tecnik copir. . . . . 6,75

300 . 29.

. .

18034, . , . , 8.

EMBED PBrush

EMBED AutoCAD.Drawing.15

. 3.1

EMBED PBrush

. 3.2

q+V

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

L

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

3.3

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED AutoCAD 14

EMBED PBrush

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

M

Q

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

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EMBED PBrush

. 3.6 - , ,

ho

x

b

z

Db

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

. 3.7

h

S

Asm

AS'

A

. 3.11

1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9 ; 10 ; 11 .

EMBED PBrush

Nn ( Mn )

Np,t ( Mp,t )

Np,t ( Mp,t )

EMBED PBrush

Nn ( Mn )

EMBED PBrush

EMBED PBrush


EMBED Equation.3

EMBED PBrush

EMBED PBrush

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED PBrush

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

C

d1

d2

c10

cdmax

EMBED Equation.3 0,25d1

d20,5d1

d20,25d1

d1

d2

d2

d1

d1

U

U

U

U

V

V

V

EMBED PBrush

EMBED PBrush

11

12

13

14

15

16

()

17

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18

()

19

20

21

22

EMBED Excel.Sheet.8

EMBED Excel.Sheet.8



23

EMBED PBrush

EMBED PBrush

EMBED Excel.Sheet.8

2,15

=277,95

Mp,tem,

,


EMBED Excel.Sheet.8

Np,tem,

N=4287,45

3,15

,

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методичка збк 2010

Education

Transcript of методичка збк 2010