Post on 04-Apr-2018
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
1/47
!""#$
!" %#!!
$ & #
#!%
!
#
!"
Informational social influence
& #
!#
!&
$!%& ! #
$%
&$'%&"
#&"
##(autokinetic effect)#!
#
"
*####&+*
,-*
# '
" " $
%
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
2/47
"'
##.&
&"#privte acceptence
#
#"!/"publiccompliance & # '
!"&!"
'#!
#'
"#&,0
#
#& " #
& # 100
$!!1!+-2%
!#
!'"!
"
! 034 # ! " 3,4
.
# "
"!&
' $% ! &
##0$%
"
!&",
!!020-4
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
3/47
#!!52&0
+-4&
!$%&$0%2
'"",
+#! #!!"!
!
/!!&
0$"%
*###
#
" "
"&"
"#!
#
contagion ! $ !%
! $& %
! ! * mass psychogenic illness
#!"#6!
"&
&
$% !
!#&/
!&!
#
!
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
4/47
,$%
+$!%
0$!/!%
!
&&!
$%
$!
% $!
%#!
!'734
+34'
0+4"!
'."#
&&"
!&
!&
#
#"
!
"#
!&.
asch!!
'""
&!
!
!'#7
+!"0
# # !& ''
!+&
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
5/47
!$%##&$%.
754
&$&%
! "#!$#.%
#
&'
!"
&
"!&
" & ! !
! & # 3
!
004$%
",54
"
! #
!
!!!!!!
#"
&!
'
' &
"
!
'
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
6/47
38
&&!!'
&$+7+%
Informational social influence'###
# " ! " # !
#
* & $
%
'!"$%!&
!#"
'
&'
&$.%
&/#34034
+-4
' & //
"'
'&$'"%
!&"'
!
Social impact theory {Bib latanes} &
/ & #
# "
#!
$%&"'
#3038$
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
7/47
,--- %2 *
',0 ' 3- !
!"#
# $"
%*
!
!"&
!.
" " # !
/
9&!#
5"
$540+4""%
#
!"
#
9!
#$"!%
" ! " !
# " ! ! &
&!
#
,7
!!!$%
!!!!!
"
$/!%
temne$"#%
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
8/47
!!$!
#!!&%
9"!#
...
9 !# &!
!!
$354&884%
#" * * "
"&
#"!#
$%
$
%
!
#*#
!&{idosyncrasy credits}
##&"
! * ! !
&
!& ! "#&!$
!&%&!!
!*
!
&!
$&%&
$%+
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
9/47
,injunctive norms"&
!/
Descriptis norms .2&
# "
!!#&"0
/
'###"*
'&"&
0&
$%&
074#"
&&
# &
&&
##
!! #&
! & &
!#&
}pliancecom{
{mindless confornity} !
! !!! !! 3:
#
#"&!#6-4
!!#!!
##&5-4
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
10/47
#
! 3--:
! !"#3: #
reciporcity norm "
##
!
!#&
!
!
!$!"%
#!#0
!!
!$ # % #
"#
!#&!!
!!
!$##"%!
$ "% " !
$ % & #
!
!!
#*#!"&
$
"'%
#'$%
'" $"% #
'$%
!!!
!#&'&
!,3!#!,3
!83!"
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
11/47
&!""#!73!
.."&
&$"#
%
05-! 5+34'83-!-4
!!" & !!
,4#!
, "# " !
#+$%
,-4"
'
+#
&!&'
*#&0&"
&!"
#!'#
!!!"&
$"%!
'"+-4$
!"%
+#"
,--4
"
0!!!$ "%
/!
! ! #
# &"
$%
#!!&
'{bait & switch}
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
12/47
!+
$!!&%''
!
"
&*!,3&!&'
" {incremental}
' ! !!
!'
# ! !
+34
&
+63&
7305--3
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
13/47
!
"#$%
$$"&$$
group'
$
("
)"
*
+
,
(")#-! " " " "
.!
)social norms"&!
*social roles
#
##
"#
!
# ! /
"!
+""#)
,group cohesiveness#
group cohesiveness'"!
" "
"!" "
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
14/47
facilitationsocial#
"
(
)#
Social Facilitation# "
R. Zajonc"
$
("#!
)ion apprehensionevaluat#"#
* &! "
R.Barron
#social facilitationsocial loafing#
" " "
(!"
)""
Social Loafing# ""
%
0# #0
"
"
(
)
*
"
"
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
15/47
""#Social Loafing
(Karow + Williams""#
) " ,!
individuation-De
individuation-De'"
(
)
*##"
" & B. Muller!
R. Watson!"
% " !
#De-individuation$
(
"&" " !
)De-individuation"!"
"#De-individuation
!
" "
$
Process Loss%"
(
)!
*
+
,
Titus + Stasser+.#+&"
+)&
&"
("
)
*
+Transactive memory%
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
16/47
pthinkGrou%
#Group think"!
Group thinka
b
""!c
!
#Group thinka
b
c
#&&
#"#"
#Group think#%impartial
#
#
#"
""
(Group)Social roles*Group cohesiveness+Social facilitation,Social loafing-Evaluation apprehension1De-individuation.Process loss2Transactive memory
(3Group think
&"#$"(CDQ#
"
RISKY SHIFT"&
&""CAUTIOUS SHIFT!4#
5#&"
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
17/47
5#&
#ROGER BROWN#RISKY SHIFTS
CAUTIOUS SHIFTS"RISKY SHIFTSCAUTIOUS SHIFTS!
$
4#"&"&"
""(33
&"""#
"""!
"#FRED
FIEDLER#5"
TASK ORIENTED!"RELATIONSHIP ORIENTED5!&
"#"#&
"
"!!"
"!
"#
"""
!"!
5"5""!
"""!"
# "#&
"XY
X#*6
XY#Y-6X-6
Y#(6
Y-6
"X
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
18/47
#
#55
5TIT FOR TAT#"
X!XXYY!""&
5
&!#*PUBLIC GOODS DILEMMA#
!&!
5COMMONS DILEMMA#4!
KRAUSS & DEULSCH
!""
!"!
#!"
#55
"""
"#""
"#"
"
"
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
19/47
propinquity effect
!"
mere exposure effect
#
$%
!&'
(!
%similarity
###
))
#
#
%
!#
%
!!#
*!
#
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
20/47
(
#
+
#
)##
)
),
##
#%
#
-
)
%
#)
#
#####
%
#%
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
21/47
+
##
##
%
)
familiarity
!!(!+
###
.
##
##
"#
###
##
#)%
)*(
*+
##
))
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
22/47
-
!
###
#
social exchange theory
#comparison level
!
comparison level for alternatives
(equity theory
#
)
,##")
(
companionatepassionate
#
(triangular theory of love
+
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
23/47
'
eros
Ludus
Storge
Pragma##
Mania
Agape#
ludusstorge!pragma
eros!agape%#
eros!ludus
#
amae
ganqing)
"
%
#
!
#
##%#%
#
##**!
#,#
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
24/47
/
()
exchange relationshipcommunal relationship
#"
#
#
##
##
+)
*),
#%*
##
,!
#
##
#
))
-
secure attachment style#
#
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
25/47
0
avoidant attachment style#
123
!
#
##
%
(
'!)#
relational dialectics
%
)#
*Verbal
deescalation*behavioral deescalation
*Negative identity management
*
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
26/47
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
27/47
6
#
#
#
(
+
-.
)
##
(
(#
+eros, ludus, storge, pragma, mania, agape
5
(%#
+
-#!
'Relational dealectics!#!#!
(##
+
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
28/47
!"
#
$$
$%
&'$
(thanatos"
(
)
%)#
$
$$$
$%$
*"
+
(
*,-./
#$$$#!
%"%
)%$
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
29/47
$%$
),-..$
$$
"
""
#),--/
%$
(
#
)
$
$
%
$$%
$$
"%#
Iroquois%
%Iroquois$
,0
hurons
#$&$Iroquois
#
#
$$
$("
%
$#
$$"
$$
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
30/47
$
#%
$
%
%
"
"
"
midbrain
$
$
($$
(
!
#$
$
#
##
#
1
,-02$)$$
$
%
$$
$".2
%
$
$
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
31/47
3
%$4$$"
%$
%
1%
2'
%
$$$
$%$
)
%,,
$$$
%
$$$%
!!
$
#056
$
%
%%$
$
!
"
"
))
$
"%
.'0'#%)
#0-
$$
%$$
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
32/47
#)
$
##
"
3#
#
4
,$
#
#
#
)!#
*
%%!$
"#$
"$
*#
"%
##
!
%,
&$$$
$#
%#/
#
#$
#$$
#%#
#$
%$$$
%#$$.0.7$
#$%#
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
33/47
,--,
$)$
$
!%%
%
&$
%$$
$$
$
#
$
$$
$$$$(
%$$$$$
$
"
+(
$$+
%$
#$,
&&,&1
%$$
$#
$
$
$
$
*%$
$%$
"
*"
%
$
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
34/47
"
%
"
#
$
$%
1
"&2
$576076$#!
2'6
$%$
$
$
%$
#$%%
##)
#
$
($%
%$
3
%4
!#%
#
priming#("
$
%#
$
1%
$
"%%
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
35/47
$"
"$
$TV$
$%
$$
$##
"TV
TV
$
$
#$
#%"
TV##"+
###
TV2
)%
TV$
$$
1
$#%!
priming%
&$
date rape"$
$'
%$
%##$%
!
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
36/47
$
!$$
*$,
&/
$
,
*$"
(
*+
$$
%"
%
#$
%%
$
%$
$
%$$
$
$
$
#$
#
$)!&'
$++$
+
1
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
37/47
(
$
$
"$$
$
$#
#
$
/,)
&//
%,-6)&26
,'6
#$
$)
"
#%
%
$$
"
)
11
$
!!%%1
$
%$%(%$
%#"
%
"+
"%
%
$
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
38/47
$
"+#
$
$
+#
$$$%
*
*
1%$
$%
$%
$$$
%
$
$
$$
$$
"&
56%&/6%
$%
%!
,'
%
$$,
&/#
2
5"$
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
39/47
%
$
$,'
#
$%
%
"$#)
#
%)
$
$"
$$
%
%%
$
$
%
%
#
$$
$/
$%
$$
$
$!
#
%$
$
#
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
40/47
$#
#
%%
%#$
##
#%
!
%
#
$
$"
-'6
$$%
")
-'6"%%506
#"$%
"
%%
$$
gooks(gooks(
%%$
$%"$(
$
$$
$
"
#$
%
#$
$$%
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
41/47
$#%%
($
$1$
#
%
$$
%
(%
$$
$%"$
#
$
#$
$)
$
$
#%$$$
"
##$
$"
$
$
$
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
42/47
cures&causes:prejudice
!
""
"
"Kenneth &Clark(1947)#
Goldberg (1968)(John)(Joan)
"
(attitude)#!
$#(discrimination)%$!
"
!
Lippmann (1922)
&& cheerleader!
"
Gordon Allport (1954)
"
Stone, Perry & Darley(1997)'
"Deaux & Emsweiler (1974)
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
43/47
Swim & Sonna()
Nicholas (1975)"
"Stipek & Gralinski (1991)
"
Jacobs & Eccles
%
#Discrimination
!
Charles Bond (1988)
*+
+!
""+"
+,Rohan &
Zanna (1996)"Jane Elliot (1977)
!
"
"$'
""
"
In group bias
-out groupTajfer"
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
44/47
"
+in group bias
"Out group homogeneity
out groupin groupQuattrone & Jones (1980)
"
out group
"
""
"$.##$.($$./.
"$..(Devine & Elliot
,Greenberg &
Pyszczynski (1985)
!+
"
",Patricia Devine
-Devine"
"
!high & low prejudice
high & low) prejudice
high
Fazio"
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
45/47
""
!
Bargh (1995)"
priming+0
priming
!
Knuda & Nelson (1997)
!Webber & Crocker
(1983)#!$bookkeeping model%
conversion model%
"#subtyping model%
$#
!
$
"
"
(Dispositional attribution)Pettigrew
&&+
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
46/47
The Bell Curve Revisited"
,Steele & Aronson (1999)&&+
-+-
!
William (1982)
""
"+
"
reconstructRonnie & Janoff-Bulman (1985)
"Word, Zanna & Cooper (1974)
%"
"
"-
Hovland & Sears (1940)
7/30/2019 2_15_1113997439
47/47
Sherif (1961)
Scapegoat
I
!"
-,
"
+"+
+"
,,
+
ContactDeutch & Ellen (1951)
$.(* Allport (1954)
/$Mutual Interdependence%+"
Sherif#*(
/
/""
"