Title 台風0418号通過時の厳島神社周辺における地形性の強風を再現する試み

Author(s) 丸山, 敬; 石川, 裕彦; 内田, 孝紀; 河井, 宏允; 大屋, 裕二

Citation 京都大学防災研究所年報. B (2006), 49(B): 487-496

Issue Date 2006-04-01

URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/26641

Right

Type Departmental Bulletin Paper

Textversion publisher

Kyoto University

Fig. 1 500m

1991 9119

1999 9918

2004 0418

1992

2001 2005b

9119

1992 9918

2001

0418

2005b

0418

PSU/NCAR MM5

Dudhia 1993 MM5

MM5

,2005 ,2005

* *

*

PSU/NCAR MM5

RIAM-COMPACT

京都大学防災研究所年報 第 49 号 B 平成 18 年 4 月

Annuals of Disas. Prev. Res. Inst., Kyoto Univ., No. 49 B, 2006

MM5

Fig. 2

2160km

30.3km

LES

MM5

9km 240×240

3km 211×211

1km 91×91

1/3km 91×91

50hPa 20000m 35

8, 36, 153,

137, 339, 456m …

20km 0.25

way

nesting USGS

30

25

Five-layer soil model

Reisner

Cloud-radiation scheme

30

10

Eta

MM5 http://www.mmm.

ucar.edu/mm5/documents/tutorial-v3-notes.html

Fig. 2

LES

14

MM5 Fig.

3

13km 11km

151×151

30m

1400m

2650

41 1.8

260

Fig. 1 Bird’s-eye-view of Miyajima Island from the north

.Region 2151×2151 km2 .Region 630×630 km2 .Region 90×90 km2 .Region 30×30.km2

Fig.2 Calculation regions for MM5

LES region

Mt. Mizan Mt. Komagabayashi

Hiroshima bay

Itsukushima Shrine

50

530m

10000

RIAM-

COMPACT 2004

MM5

Fig. 4 best

track

12 15

30 40km

12 Fig. 5

MM5

Fig. 6

5 8

5km

60m

95.4m

17.4m

USGS

0.5m

Fig. 6

Fig.5 Variation of typhoon center pressure

MM5

JMA best track

Fig.3 Calculation region for LES

z

x

ywind

Itsukushima ShrineFig.4 Track of typhoon center

Hiroshim

18:00

21:00

12:00

Sep.79:00 JST

Sep.621:00 JST

15:00

JMA best track

MM5

Fig.6 Comparison of simulated results of MM5 in region 3 with observed data around Hiroshima bay

Hiroshima Kure Miyajima

[ ]

150m

5m

MM5

14 15

2005b

MM5 Fig. 7

11

14

11:00, Sep. 7 14:00, Sep. 7

Fig.7 Contour map of horizontal wind speed at 10m over the ground and the sea simulated by MM5 in Region 2

wind speed[m/s]

45

35

25

15

5

2015 m

908 m

456 m

10 m

height

MM5

Fig. 8 12 15

14

14 900 m

13

2000 m

Fig. 9

2000 m

50

1000 m 2000 m

12 15

0.2 0.6 1.0

600m

600m

Fig.8 Contour map of horizontal wind speed simulated by MM5 in Region 4 on Sep. 7

12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 [ time ]

wind

speed

[m/s]

Fig.9 Profiles of wind speed, wind direction and temperature

ind speed [ m/s ] wind direction temperature [ ]

Fig. 11 LES results of mean wind field around

Miyajima Island at 13:00,14:00,15:00, Sep. 7

10m0.1u/Uo u Uo

530mMM5

2005

LES

2.3

14 MM5

Fig. 10

0

Photo

0418

2005b

2005bFig. 11 16°

3.2 MM5

LES

Fig. 10 Mean wind speed profile at the inlet

boundary for LES

Uo : mean wind speed at z = 530 [m]

Photo 1. View of mountains and valleys to the south of

Itsukushima Shrine from the northern port

(530m) (500m) A B

Wind

N

13

N14

N15

S N

16°

14 A

Instantaneous wind velocity vector fields around Daishoin Temple at 10m

Itsukushima Shrine

Mt. MizanMt. Komagabayasi

Daishoin Temple

Fig. 13 Instantaneous wind velocity field when updraft occurs around Daishoin Temple

Stream lines viewed from west-southwest

Daishoin Temple

Itsukushima Shrine200

13 14 15

LES 14 10

800

Fig. 11

14

Fig. 3

14

Fig. 11 200

Fig. 12

Fig. 13

Fig. 13

Fig. 13

LES

Fig. 14

Fig. 14

2005b

Fig. 14

Fig. 14

Fig. 12 Time variation of wind velocities by LES near

the ground at 10m

wind speed [m/s]

up

down

up

down

wind direction

E

S

W

N

E

E

S

W

N

E

horizontal comp. vertical comp. wind direction

Daishoin Temple

Itsukushima Shrine

East wind at the shrine South wind at the shrine West wind at the shrine Fig. 14 Instantaneous wind velocity vector fields around Itsukushima Shrine at 10m

0418

MM5

Fig. 15

Fig.

16

Fig. 17

MM5

10 20 30 40 wind speed [m/s]

Fig.15 Contour map of maximum mean wind speed

at 10m by MM5

Fig. 16 Distribution of human and house damage

rate by Typhoon0418 in Hiroshima prefecture

The wind flows from the east to the shrine concentrates along the south side of the peninsula

Itsukushima Shrine

Mt. Komagabayashi

Mt. Mizan

Daishoin Temple

The wind which blows from the west diverges at the west of the shrine after coming down from the western valley.

Damage rate of houses

Damage rate of human

10

MM5

USGS

LES

MM5

MM5

14

LES

0418

PSU/NCAR MM5

LES

(1)

(2) LES

Fig. 17 Relation between maximum mean wind speed

calculated by MM5 and damage rate.

Dam

age rate

Hum

an

B

uilding

(3) MM5

(4) MM5 LES

2005a

2005

No.102,

pp. 19-22.

2004

No.100, pp. 35-43.

2001 9918

11800014, pp. 151-156.

2005

MM5

No.104, pp. 65-74.

1992 9119

(A)03306022, pp. 129-166.

2005a 0418

,No.103, pp.

101-102.

2005b 0418

, No.102, pp. 49-56.

Dudhia, J. 1993 A nonhydrostatic version of the Penn

State-NCAR meso-scale model: Validation tests and

simulation of an Atlantic cyclone and cold front, Mon.

Wea. Rev., 121, pp. 1493-1513

Simulation of trong ind around Itsukushima Shrine during Typhoon 0418

Takashi MARUYAMA, Hirohiko ISHIKAWA, Takanori UCHIDA*, Hiromasa KAWAI, Yuji OHYA*

* Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyusyu University,

Synopsis

The strong wind fields around Miyajima in Hiroshima Bay were simulated numerically during

Typhoon Songda in 2004. The PSU/MM5 model was used for the calculation of meso-scale regions.

The strong wind that passed over the sea and blew into the Hiroshima Bay was simulated. The predicted

wind fields were examined comparing with the observed records and the field investigation of damage to

the human and buildings. The calculated maximum wind speed map was well correlated to the

distribution of damage rate by strong wind in Hiroshima Prefecture. Unsteady wind fields were also

computed by Large Eddy Simulation in the fine region around Miyajima. The local wind characteristics

caused by the topography around Itsukushima Shrine were investigated. The down flow along the valley

to the south of the shrine was simulated in the neutral atmospheric condition. The local wind flows

around the shrine were discussed.

Keywords: numerical simulation, strong wind, Miyajima Island, Typhoon Songda, MM5, LES