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D N XY DNG NT GIAO THNG KHC MC

TI NT GIAO THNG NG BA HU - TP. NNG

TI LIU HNG DN AN TON V V SINH LAO NG

CNG TY C PHN T VN V U T XY DNG ECC BK ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

a ch: 257 Nguyn Vn Linh TP Nng TEL: 0511.3656388 FAX: 0511.3656691 Email: [email protected] Website: www.bk-ecc.com.vn

Nng, Thng 8 Nm 2013

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D N XY DNG NT GIAO THNG KHC MC

TI NT GIAO THNG NG BA HU - TP. NNG

TI LIU HNG DN AN TON V V SINH LAO NG

CNG TY C PHN T VN V U T XY DNG ECC

Nng, Thng 8 Nm 2013

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM

T VN QLDA: CNG TY CP T VN V U T XY DNG ECC Trang | 1

MC LC QUYN V NGHA V CA NGI LAO NG TRONG CNG TC ATVSL: .................... 2

1. Ngha v ca ngi lao ng: ...................................................................................... 2

2. Quyn ca ngi lao ng: .......................................................................................... 2

CHNG 1: AN TON I VI NGH TH IN .................................................................. 2

CHNG 2: AN TON I VI TH B TNG ....................................................................... 4

CHNG 3: AN TON HN IN, HN HI ............................................................................ 5

1. Cc yu t nguy him c hi: .................................................................................... 5

2. Cc bin php an ton khi hn: ................................................................................... 6

3. Cc bin php an ton hn hi: .................................................................................. 7

CHNG 4: AN TON LAO NG I VI CNG NHN O T: .................................. 7

CHNG 5: AN TON LAO NG KHI LM VIC TRN CAO ............................................... 9

CHNG 6: AN TON LAO NG I VI CNG NHN KHI THO GI : ................ 12

CHNG 7: AN TON NGH KCH KO .................................................................................. 15

1. Lm vic lin quan n thit b nng: ...................................................................... 15

2. V s dng dy cp:.................................................................................................... 15

3. V s dng kch ............................................................................................................ 15

4. H th: ........................................................................................................................... 16

5. Cng tc an ton lp dng vn khun ct thp v s dng cc dng c cm tay .................................................................................................................................. 16

6. An ton khi trn b tng bng my- m v b tng...................................... 17

CHNG 8. AN TON TRONG CNG TC KHOAN CC NHI: .......................................... 17

CHNG 9. AN TON TRONG CNG TC NG CC, P CC, P C CHN: ............... 18

CHNG 10. AN TON TRONG CNG TC LP DNG, S DNG CU: .......................... 19

a. Khi lp dng cu: ..................................................................................................... 19

b. An ton khi s dng cu: ...................................................................................... 19

CHNG 11. AN TON TRONG CNG TC LP DNG NH THP TIN CH: ................ 20

CHNG 12: AN TON THIT B NNG ................................................................................. 20

CHNG 13: AN TON LAO NG I VI TH ST HN .............................................. 22

CHNG 14: AN TON HN TH SA CHA, VN HNH S DNG CC CNG C CM

TAY ................................................................................................................................................ 22

CHNG 15: BIN PHP X L KHI C TAI NN IN GIT ............................................ 24

TI LIU THAM KHO ................................................................................................................ 25

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


QUYN V NGHA V CA NGI LAO NG TRONG CNG TC ATVSL:

1. Ngha v ca ngi lao ng:

iu 15 Ngh nh 06/CP ngy 20/01/1995 c sa i b sung theo Ngh nh s

110/2002/N-CP ngy 27/12/2002 quy nh ngi lao ng c ngha v:

- Chp hnh cc ni quy, quy nh v an ton, v sinh lao ng c lin quan n cng

vic, nhim v c giao.

- Phi s dng v bo qun cc phng tin bo v c nhn c trang cp, cc

trang thit b an ton - v sinh ni lm vic, nu lm mt hoc h hng th phi bi thng.

- Phi bo co kp thi vi ngi c trch nhim khi pht hin nguy c gy tai nn lao

ng, bnh ngh nghip, gy c hi hoc s c nguy him, tham gia cp cu v khc phc

hu qu tai nn lao ng khi c lnh ca ngi s dng lao ng.

2. Quyn ca ngi lao ng:

iu 16 ca Ngh nh 06/CP ngy 20/01/1995 c sa i b sung theo Ngh nh s

110/2002/N-CP ngy 27/12/2002 quy nh ngi lao ng c quyn hn:

- Yu cu ngi s dng lao ng bo m iu kin lm vic an ton, v sinh, ci thin

iu kin lao ng, trang cp y phng tin bo v c nhn, hun luyn, thc hin bin

php an ton lao ng, v sinh lao ng.

- T chi lm cng vic hoc di b ni lm vic khi thy r nguy c xy ra tai nn lao

ng, e da nghim trng n tnh mng v sc khe ca mnh hoc ngi khc v phi bo

ngay vi ngi ph trch trc tip. T chi tr li ni lm vic ni trn nu nhng nguy c

cha c khc phc.

- Khiu ni hoc t co vi c quan Nh nc c thm quyn, khi ngi s dng lao

ng vi phm quy nh ca Nh nc hoc khng thc hin cc giao kt v an ton lao ng,

v sinh lao ng trong Hp ng lao ng, tha c lao ng.

CHNG 1: AN TON I VI NGH TH IN

1. Ch nhng ngi c chng ch o to v ngh in, c quyt nh ca cng ty mi

c lm nhng cng vic lien quan n ngh in.

2. Mi ca lm vic ca th in b tr 2 ngi, dng c ngh phi m bo an ton.

3. Cc dng c cm tay chy in phi thng xuyn kim tra t nht 03 thng mt ln

v hin tng chm mt trn v my, cc mi ni, dy ni t bo v c th:

- Cch in chnh > 2 M

- Cch in ph > 5 M

- in tng cng > 7 M

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


4. Khi cha in phi ngt cu dao tng hp hoc cu dao phn on, c ngi cnh

gii hoc bin bo (cm ng in). Ch c ng in khi c tn hiu bo an ton ca ngi

sa cha.

5. H thng cc ng dy dn in phi c b tr lp t theo ng quy nh hin

hnh v an ton in c th.

- Dy dn phi i trn cc s cch in, m bo khong cch t dy dn n mt t

hay sn lm vic theo phng thng ng khng nh hn:

+ 2,5 m nu pha di c ngi lm vic

+ 3,5 m nu pha di l ngi qua li

+ 6,0 m nu pha di c phng tin qua li

- Cc ng dy dn i n tng thit b c nh trong phn xng phi i ngm di

t hoc trong cc ng cch in bo v.

6. Nu s dng t hai ngun in tr ln cung cp in cho cc thit b ch bin

php an ton phng ng 2 ngun in cng mt lc. Cm mc n chiu sang bng cch

u mt dy vo mt dy pha cn mt u dy cm xung t.

7. cu dao in phi m bo cc yu cu sau:

- Lp t ni thun tin cho vic ng ngt v m bo chiu cao theo quy nh t

1,2 m n 1,4 m so vi mt t hoc sn thi cng.

- Cu dao phi c np y v dy chy ng quy nh k thut.

- Cc u dy u phi bt cht bng bu lng ai c khng u kiu xon dy vo bu

lng.

- Cm cu dao nm trc tip trn mt t.

- Cm ly in trc tip t m trn cu dao.

- cm s dng mt cu dao cho nhiu ph ti, nhiu cu dao b tr cnh nhau phi ghi

r s dng cho ph ti no. Khi ng cu dao phi ng chch 45o.

8. Cc n chiu sang c nh c in p 110 220 vn phi treo cch sn thi cng 2,5

m tr ln. Nu khng m bo chiu cao H = 2,5 m phi dng n vi in p khng c ln

hn 36 vn.

9. Khong cch t mt b phn mang in n bt k b phn no ca c th con

ngi hoc cc b phn bng cng c thit b m con ngi trc tip chm vo khng c

nh hn:

+ 4,0 m i vi in p 500 KV.

+ 2,5 m i vi in p 220 KV.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


10. Cc thit b chy in dung trong thi cng nh: m di, my khoan, my miphi

c thng xuyn kim tra cch in gia cc pha vi nhau, cc pha vi v, cc mi ni dy

dn. Trc khi ng cu dao th in phi kim tra mng in, dy dn, ph ti, vic ng

ngt cu dao in ch do th in lm.

11. Khi lm vic th in phi s dng trang b bo h lao ng theo qui nh hin

hnh.

CHNG 2: AN TON I VI TH B TNG

(Bin php an ton i th b tng v lao ng ph thng)

Khi thi cng cc khu trong b tng, cng nhn c th b chn thng, tai nn lin quan

n vic s dng my mc, thit b gia cng, in lm vic trn cao. m bo an ton trong

mi khu phi thc hin cc bin php an ton sau:

1. Ch c lm sch h v gu np ct liu ca my trn khi c nh chc chn gu

v tr nng. Cm cng nhn ng di gu nng phng gu c th b tt xung bt ng

khi phanh b tut, cp b t.

2. My trn phi c ni t phng in git khi my b mt in.

3. Khng c sa cha cc h hng ca my trn khi my ang hot ng, khng cho

xng vo trong thng trn khi thng ang quay d l quay chm.

4. Khi tin hnh v sinh hoc sa cha my trn phi ngt cu dao in, phi treo bin

bo ti ngun cp in, cm ng in khi c ngi sa cha.

5. Vn chuyn b tng: b tng bng cn trc phi kim tra an ton i vi cn trc,

thng ng b tng phi kn, ca thng phi cht then ci thun tin cho vic ng m. i

vi gu cha b tng loi 1,2m3 khi cu phi s dng khuyt cp man, cm dng thanh st hn

sn vo thng lm quang treo gu.

6. Cm ngi trn ming gu lm sch b tng trong gu m phi s dng m rung

gn vo thanh gu.

7. Khi tho b tng khong cch t y thng n mt b tng khng cao qu 1,0m.

Nu b tng cao ln hn 1,5m so vi mt t hay nn sn, cng nhn phi ng trn

sn vng chc khi thao tc.

8. Khi m b tng bng m rung phng in git trc khi lm vic vi m phi

c ni t qua phch cm. Dy dn in ni vo m phi l dy mm bc cao su cch in.

Nu s dng m bn khng s dng tay n trn m, trnh m qu nng c 30 pht lm

vic phi tt my ngh t 5 n 7 pht. Khi ngh gii lao phi tt my m.

9. Xp t cu kin b tng trn mt bng cu lp:

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- Tm panen xp t 10 n 12 lp vi chiu cao H khng c H 2,5m

- Dm b tng v ct xp cao khng qu 2,0m. Gia cc lp phi c con k tit din

6cm x 60cm. Khong cch ti thiu gia cc chng cu kin t nht 1,0m.

10. Lm vic lin quan n thit b nng: Phi s dng dy treo buc ph hp vi trng

lng vt cu. Dy treo buc trc khi treo phi kim tra quyt nh s dng hay loi b

nh cp c mt tao b t, cp b mi mn 40% so vi ng knh ban u.

11. Kim tra v tr treo buc: V tr buc khi cu phi m bo cu kin cn bng khng

b nghing lch, nu cu kin c cnh sc phi c m lp bng g, vn.

12. Khi cu phi m bo gc kp gia phng ca nhnh dy treo vi phng thng

ng (phng ri ca vt) t 45 n 60.

13. Kim tra mc cu ca my trc cng nh mc treo u dy treo phi c b phn

chn cp cp khng b tut khi mc.

14. Khng i li, ngi ngh di ti trng, trong bn knh quay ca cc loi cu trc.

Khng c n gn vt cu khi vt cu cn ang l lng trn cao. Ch c tip cn vt cu

khi vt cn cch v tr cn h 30cm.

15. Khng c dng tay iu chnh vt cu, i vi vt cu di trn 6,0m gi cho

vt khi quay dng dy cho = 25mm buc ging iu chnh.

CHNG 3: AN TON HN IN, HN HI

1. Cc yu t nguy him c hi:

a. Hi kh c: Trong khi hn cc hi kh c thot ra.

+ Axetylen C2H2

+ Kh Ccbonic CO

+ Ozon O3

Khi con ngi ht phi nhng kh ny gy chong vng, nhc u... lu s gy nh

hng n c quan h hp.

b. H quang hn in: Bao gm cc tia sng trng, tia hng ngoi, tia t ngoi.

- Tia sng trng : Chi vo mt mt thi gian ngn s lm mt hoa ln.

- Tia hng ngoi : Chi vo mt thi gian di lm c thu tinh th dn n m

mt

- Tia t ngoi : Dn n vim mng cp tnh.

c. in git:

- Do dng in r ra bin p hn, v dy dn, chui km hn.

- Dy dn t cu dao n bin p hn v t bin p hn n chui km hn.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- t vt hn ln km hn hoc t xung t dn n dng in t km hn truyn

xung vt hn v truyn xung t gy tai nn.

- Ni dy ni t vo khung ct thp khi c s c dng in s truyn xung khung ct

thp.

d. Chy n: Hn in v hn hi c th xy ra chy n trong nhng trng hp sau:

- Hn nhng ni c cht d chy (xng du)

- Hn nhng vt trc y tng cha xng du, trc khi hn khng v sinh ty ra

m bo an ton.

- Hn cc thit b chu p lc.

- Bnh C2H2 n khi van an ton v ng h p lc hng, bc hn khng ph hp, di

chuyn bnh khi bnh ang hot ng.

- N chai xi khi du m dy vo chn ren cc van.

2. Cc bin php an ton khi hn:

- in p ca my hn mt chiu, my hn xoay chiu khi pht h quang khng c

ln hn tr s 70v i vi my hn xoay chiu v 110v i vi my hn 1 chiu.

- Ch c ni thit b hn vi my hn in, my bin p hoc my hn chnh lu, cm

ly in trc tip t li in.

- Phn kim loi ca thit b hn cng nh ca my hn phi c ni t bo v theo

quy nh.

- Dy dn in t my hn n km hn, m hn phi dng dy cp mm cch in c

tit din ph hp vi dng in ln nht ca thit b hn. Khi di chuyn ko dy ch khng

dy c xt gy h hng. Chiu di dy t ngun in n my khng c di qu 15m.

- Chui km hn phi l vt liu cch in, cch nhit tt nht. Km hn phi c kp

cht vo que hn, trc khi di chuyn my hn n v tr mi phi ct in. vic u in vo

my hn, tho lp sa cha my hn ch do th in lm, th hn khng c lm vic ny.

- Khi ngng hn, km hn phi c t ln gi, khng t ln vt hn hoc xung t.

- Th hn khi lm vic trn cao phi ng trn sn cng tc c thit b bo v, ni cheo

leo nguy him phi eo dy an ton, c ti dng c que hn.

- Khng c tin hnh c hn in v hn hi trong thng kn. Khi hn trong thng kn

phi c thit b chiu sng bn ngoi hoc n di ng cm tay in p 12v.

- Khi lm vic th hn phi s dng cc trang thit b bo h lao ng nh gng tay da,

knh hn, lm vic trn cao bt buc phi eo dy an ton.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


3. Cc bin php an ton hn hi:

- Cm bi du m vo chn ren, nu tay dnh du m cng khng c s vo chai xy.

- Cc chai xy v axetylen cng nh khong cch gia chng n ni hn, ni d sinh

ra la khng c thp hn 10m.

- Vic m van xy cng nh cc thit b gim p trn bnh phi c cc dng c chuyn

dng. Cm dng cc b phn gim p khng c ng h p lc.

- Khi s dng bnh axetylen v chai xy khng c p sut qu quy nh m van an

ton khng hot ng. Khong cch gia bnh ga v chai oxy >= 5m.

- Trc khi hn ct hi hn phi kim tra dy dn kh, m hn, khi hn nu thy m hn

b tc phi ly dy ng thng khng dng dy thp cng.

- Khi mi la phi m van xy trc, van axetylen sau. Khi ngng hn ng van

axetylen trc van xy sau.

- Cm sa cha ng dn kh axetylen, xy hoc cc ph kin trn bnh khi bnh ang

chu p lc, khi kim p k cha ch v s 0.

CHNG 4: AN TON LAO NG I VI CNG NHN O T:

1. Ch nhng ai hi cc cc iu kin sau mi c lm cng vic o t th cng :

- c tui lao ng ph hp vi qui nh nh nc.

- c chng nhn sc kho ca c quan y t.

- c o to chuyn mn v c giao lm vic .

- c hun luyn bo h lao ng v c chng ch km theo.

2. khi lm vic phi s dng ng v cc phng tin bo v c nhn c cp pht

theo ch gm : o qun vi dy, nn cng, giy vi ngn c (nu lm t ni kh ro.)

3. trc khi bt tay vo o t phi yu cu cn b ch huy thi cng cho bit :

- c im ca t nn v nhng iu cn ch khi lm vic vi n.

- ti ni o t c nhg cng trnh kt cu ngm no cn n trnh .

4. cc dng c cm tay (cuc , xng v.v..) dng cho vic o t phi c kim tra v

tnh trng hon ho ca chng trc khi lm vic. cc dng c b h hng phi c thu hi

a i sa cha hay hy b v ngi cng nhn o t khng c s dng cc dng c

vi bt c l do g.

5. o t di mng di ng ho ln phi phi cch ming h o t nht l

0,5m. i vi nhng h o c mi dc m gc nghing ln hn gc trt t nhin ca t th

phi tnh ton xc nh v tr t nhng khng c nh hn 0,5m. t ln ming ho

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


phi c dc t nht l 45 theo mt phng nm ngang . khi o t ln trin i ni phi

c bin php phng t ln theo b dc.

6. phi lm mng rnh thot nc v c bin php chng xi l v ma ma cho khu

vc ang o t . trong khi o phi ch quan st tnh trng ca t kp thi ch ng

ngn chn hin tng l t.

7. khi h mng, ng ho t ti d su 0,5m phi lm bc hay dng thang cho cng

nhn ln xung, bc phi c kch thc ti thiu l 0,75m theo chiu di v 0,40m theo chiu

rng: cm bm vo cc thanh chng vch ca h o ln xung.

t cc bc ln xung b trn trt khi ma xung phi c rc ct to ma st

nhm chng t ng.

8. cm ngi ngh (nht l t tp ng ngi) ti cnh h o hoc thnh t p

phng st l t.

9. khi h mng t ti su 2,0m phi thng xuyn b tr t nht 2 ngi cng lm

vic nhng ng cch xa nhau mt khong cn thit c th cp cu kp thi khi xy ra tai

nn bt ng.

10. trong khu vc ang o t phi ch :

- gi khong cch hp l gia cc ngi cng lm vic, khng hng dng c v pha

nhau (v d khi cuc) trnh gy tai nn cho nhau.

- cn b tr ngi lm vic ng thi trn ming h o v bn di h o to cng

mt v tr ngn nga t l xung ngi di.

11. nghim cm o t theo kiu hm ch trong bt c hon cnh no.

12. xung quanh khu vc ang o t phi t ro cm hay bin bo ngn khng

cho ngi l mt, c bit l tr con ri xung h, nht l h ngp nc v ma ma .

13. kt thc ca lm vic phi thu dn v lm v sinh dng c, lm v sinh c nhn trc

khi ra v.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


CHNG 5: AN TON LAO NG KHI LM VIC TRN CAO

1.Nhng ai hi cc tiu chun sau y mi c lm vic trn cao :

- Nm trong tui l do nh nc qui nh (tuy nhin ch nn s dng ngi tr khe).

- C chng ch sc khe do y t cp (ph n c thai, nhng ngi c bnh tim, huyt

p, ic, mt km khng c lm vic trn cao).

- c o to chuyn mn , hun luyn BHL v c cc chng ch km theo.

2. Lm vic trn cao phi c trang b y cc phng tin bo v c nhn ph hp

vi chc danh cng vic ang lm. ngi th phi s dng ng v chng khi lm vic (c

bit ch dy ai an ton, giy chng trt). ngi th phi c cp ti ng dng c

ngh y . Khi lm vic phi s dng ng v cc phng tin bo v c nhn c cp

pht theo ch . c bit ch kim tra dy ai an ton (dy, mc, kha) hng ngy trc

khi s dng.

3. Khi ln, xung v di chuyn phi i ng tuyn qui nh. nghim cm leo tro, i li

ty tin (nh i trn mt tng, mt dm, gin v cc kt cu lp ghp khc, tro qua lan can

an ton, leo tro theo gin gio, u bm vo dy treo ln, xung....).

4. Ch c lm vic trn mi sau khi t ro ngn v bin cm bn di xung quanh

khu vc ang lm cng vic bo cho mi ngi bit vng nguy him do vt liu v dng

c c th ri xung. Hng ro ngn phi t rng ra ngoi mp mi theo hnh chiu bng mt

khong cch 2m khi mi c cao khng qu 7m v khong cch 3m khi mi c cao qu

7m.V tr lp mi nu nm st ng dy in cao th phi bin php bo m an ton (cp

in, phng ngi v vt liu vi phm hnh lang an tcn in cao th) v bin php phi

thng bo cho mi ngi cng bit.

5. Khi lm vic khng c a nghch, ung ru bia, ht thuc lo ...

6. Khng c lm vic trn cao khi khng nh sng, khi c ma to, ging bo, gi

mnh t cp 5 tr ln (ngng cao khng c lm vic trong trng hp ny l ng khi,

i nc, ct thp, tr dm cu, mi nh t tng hai tr ln ...).

7. Trc khi bt tay vo lm vic phi kim tra s b tnh trng gin gio, sn thao tc

thang, lan can an ton ... cng nh cht lng ca cc phng tin bo v c nhn c cp

pht. nu thy khim khuyt th phi c bin php sa cha hoc thay th mi c lm vic.

8. Cc l m ngi d b lt qua trn mt sn, trn tng phi dc bt li, ro li, hoc

t tn hiu bo nguy him.

9. Khi s dng gin gio phi ghi nh :

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- Lm vic vi gin gio an ton hn dng thang nh mt phng tin gin gio.

- Ch cho php s dng gin gio c thit k v lp dng theo ng bn v hng

dn thi cng (c k chc chn v neo, ging chc vo cng trnh), kiu gin gio c chn

phi ph hp vi cng vic, vt liu lm gin gio phi tt (khng nt, khng mc i ...).

- Gin gio di ng phi c c cu kha bnh xe hoc phi chm bnh xe khi a n

vo ng v tr cn thit.

- Trc khi dng thang phi kim tra s b tnh trng ca thang. c th l cc bc

trn cng v di cng dc neo ging tt cha (i vi thang di phi neo ging thm v

tr gia thang). cc bc ln xung c b nt gy khng, c b lng khng. nu thy khng t

yu cu phi a thang i sa cha.

- Khng b tr gin gio bn di ng dy in, khng b tr ngi lm vic cc cao

khc nhau trn cng mt phng thng ng.

10. Ch c lm vic trn mi sau khi kim tra k tnh trng ca x g, cu phong,

lit v cc phng tin bo m an ton khc. Cng nhn phi eo dy ai an ton v im

buc dy phi chc chn. Mi c dc trn 25o phi c thang gp (xp) t qua b nc

bo m an ton khi i li. Thang phi dc c nh chc chn vo cng trnh v c b rng

khng nh hn 30 cm.

11. Ch c php lm vic vi cc loi ngi, tm lp p ng cc yu cu kim tra v

cht lng theo qui nh.

12. Khi chuyn cc tm kch thc ln ln mi phi chuyn ring tng tm mt, t

ngay vo v tr dnh cho n v c nh tm theo yu cu ca thit k. Nu s dng cu

chuyn cng mt lc th nhiu tm ln mi th phi s dng thit b chuyn dng v qui nh v

tr xp t chng trn mi sao cho bo m an ton. Khi c gi ln phi tm ngng cng vic

lp mi, c bit l cng vic chuyn cc tm lp ln mi.

13. Phi c bin php ngn khng cho dng c ngh ln trt xung di khi t

chng trn mi (v d dng ti ng).

14. Ch c i li trn mi lp bng cc tm fibro xi mng hoc trn lp b tng bt

cch nhit ca mi khi c thang hay vn lt : nghim cm i trc tip trn fibro xi-mng v b

tng bt ...

15. Lp mi ua, tng chn mi, b mi, mng nc, ng khi, ng thot nc, bu

ca tri ... phi c gin gio hoc gi ng qui dnh.

16. Cui ca (hay gi gii lao) khi kt thc cng vic lp mi phi ch c nh cc tm

lp, thu dn ht cc vt liu dng c trc khi xung t. Nu xung bng thang phi kim tra

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


n nh ca thang ( nghing ca thang so vi mt nm ngang bng 75o), nu cn phi c

ngi gi chn thang v khng cho php ngi th xung thang bng cch quay lng v pha

thang.

17. Khi dng thang phi ch :

- Khng c s dng thang qu di (khng di qu 5m), ch lm vic vi thang c

chiu di.

- Vic ni di thang phi ng qui cch (vi thang ni chiu di mi ni t nht l 2 bc

vi tng chiu di l 5m v t nht l 3 bc vi tng chiu di trn 5m).

- Ch c khng qu mt ngi lm vic trn thang v hn ch vic va leo thang va

mang thit b dng c ( trnh qu ti).

- Phi c bin php c nh chc thang nh: mc, ging hay buc cht u thang vo

kt cu ta, buc c nh chn thang hay dng chn thang c chn nhn chng trt t vo

sn, c ngi gi chn thang, k thang sao cho mt phng ca thang lm vi mt sn nm

ngang mt gc khong 75 ... khi cn t thang sau cnh ca ng kn lm vic th phi

cht ca li phng ngi khc x ca bc vo.

- Khi lm vic trn thang khng c vi qu xa ngoi tm vi s gy tai nn do mt

thng bng.

- Khi ln v xung thang nht thit phi quay mt vo thang, khi leo phi nm hai tay

vo thanh dc tuyt i khng nm vo cc bc ln xung v khng bao gi ng lm vic

cc bc trn cng ca thang (trong trng hp cn thit phi lm thm tay vn).

- Khng bao gi c dng thang kim loi lm vic trong iu kin dy dn n c

th chm vo thang.

- Lun ch lau chi bn, du m bm dnh trn bc thang. phi thng xuyn kim tra

thang kp thi loi tr cc ch h hng ca chng.

- Su thng mt ln cn dng mt vt nng khong 110kg treo ln tng bc thang

(kiu th tnh) xem thang cn chu c khng.

18. Khi s dng dy ai an ton phi ch :

- Kim tra thng xuyn cc du hiu sn, t ca dy v cc mi lin kt, cht lng

ca mc treo (ch ny ca l xo gi trong mc v cc cht hm).

- Ngi th c th t kim tra dy ai an ton mt cch n gin nh sau :

+ th tnh : treo mt vt nng (bao ct hoc tng btng) c trng lng 250kg vo

dy trong vng 5 pht nu khng thy dy b sn, t, kha mc b bin dng to nguy c tut

dy l c.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


+ th ng : buc bao ct nng 75kg vo dy ai an ton mc ln gi th v th ri 3

ln, nu khng pht hin thy h hng l t.

- Dy dai an ton phi mc vo v tr chc chn ngay pha trn v tr lm vic sao cho

chiu cao ri l nh nht ( gim ng nng ri). phi xem xt bo m rng khong

khng gian bn di v tr khng c cc vt cn c th gy ra va chm vi ngi trong tnh

hung b ri.

- Dy ai an ton ch dc s dng thch hp khi chiu cao lm vic khng vt qu

6m. trong trng hp ngc li dy ai an ton s c thay th bng li an ton hoc vic

s dng chng phi ht sc cn thn v cn hi kin ca cc chuyn gia BHL.

19. Cc thit b phng tin s dng cho lm vic trn cao u phi chu ch kim

nh cht lng nghim ngt theo nh k. phi xy dng qui ch bo dng, sa cha, giao

nhn mt cch khoa hc, chi tit v mi ngi phi tun th nghim ngt qui ch .

20. Phi ch ng to ra cc v tr treo dy thun tin (c th cng dy theo phng

nm ngang, nm dc nh l mt phng tin gip gn dy ai an ton) nng cao hn na

hiu qu s dng dy ai an ton.

CHNG 6: AN TON LAO NG I VI CNG NHN KHI THO GI :

1. Ch nhng ai hi cc iu kin sau mi c lm cc cng vic c lin quan n

gin gio:

- C tui lao ng ph hp vi quy nh ca nh nc.

- C chng nhn sc kho bi c quan y t.

- c o to chuyn mn tng ng v c chnh thc giao lm vic .

- c hun luyn bo h lao ng v c chng ch km theo.

- S dng ng v cc phng tin bo v c nhn cp pht theo ch .

2. Ch c lp dng cc gin gio, gi c xt duyt chnh thc vi bn v

thit k v thuyt minh km theo. Cng vic lp dng phi t di s gim st cu i trng

hay cn b k thut.

3. Mt bng ni lp t gin gio phi n nh v c rnh thot nc tt. Ct gin

do v gi phi c t thng ng v c ging neo theo ng thit k. Chn ct

phi c k m chng ln, chng trt, cm dng gch, hay vn gy k m.

4. S lng mc neo hoc dy chng ca gin gio v gi phi tun theo ng

thit k. Khng cho php neo vo cc b phn kt cu c tnh n nh km nh lan can, ban

cng, mi ua. . .

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


5. Chiu rng sn cng tc cu gin gio v gi khng c nh hn 1,0m. Sn

phi c lt bng vn sao cho bng phng, u vn phi kht v ghm chc vo sn. Vn sn

phi bo m bn, khng mc mt, nt gy. Gia sn v cng trnh phi cha mt khe h

10cm.

Nu dng vn ri t dc gin gio th phi c chiu di khi t trc tip hai

u vn ln thanh , mi u phi cha ra mt on t nht l 20 cm v c buc hay ng

inh chc chn vo thanh . Phi dng np gi cho cc vn ghp khng b trt trong khi lm

vic. Sn cng tc phi c lan can bo v cao 1m gm tay vn trn cng, khong gia c

mt thanh ngang chng lt.

6. Khi gin gio cao hn 6m phi lm t nht hai sn cng tc. Sn pha trn lm

vic, sn pha di bo v.

Cm lm vic ng thi trn hai sn trong cng mt khoang m khng c bin php

bo v an ton (sn hoc li bo v ).

7. Khi gin do cao trn 12m phi dnh hn mt khoang gin do lm cu thang

ln xung. Cu thang phi c dc khng qu 60o v c t tay vn. Nu gin do khng cao

qu 12m th c th thay cu thang bng thang ta hay thang dy vi cht lng tt.

8. Cc li qua li pha di gin do v gi phi c che chn bo v pha trn

phng vt liu, dng c ri xung trng ngi.

9. Ti trng t trn gin do v gi phi ph hp vi thit k. Cm ngi, vt

liu, thit b tp trung vo mt ch trnh dn ti vt qu ti trng cho php.

10. Tuyt i khng cho php cc vt nng ang cu chuyn va chm vo gin do

hay gi hay t mnh ln mt sn cng tc.

11. i trng phi kim tra gin gio, gi tin chc l bn trc khi cho

cng nhn ln lm vic hng ngy. Mi khi pht hin thy hin tng h hng cu gin do,

gi phi tm ngng cng vic v thc hin ngay bin php sa cha thch hp mi c

tip tc cho lm vic tr li.

12. Ht ca lm vic khng cho php lu li trn gin gio vt liu, dng c .

13. Tho d gin do phi lm theo trnh t ngc li vi lp dng, phi tho tng

thanh, tho gn tng phn v xp t chng vo ch quy nh. Nghim cm tho d gin do

bng cch git hay x chng hoc dng dao cht cc nt buc.

14. Mt s im phi ch tun th khi gin do lm bng cc vt liu khc nhau.

* Tre lm gin do phi l loi tre gi, khng mc, khng b dp; chn ct phi

chn su 0,5m v ln cht, khng c dng inh lin kt gin do tre m phi dng dy

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


buc loi tt.

* G lm gin do phi l g tt (t nhm 6 tr ln) khng b mc, mt. Gin do

g chu ti trng nng phi lin kt bng bulng.

* Thp ng lm gin do khng c cong, bp, nt, lm, thng. . . Chn ct bng

thp phi lng vo chn v k m ng quy nh . Gin do dng cao n u phi neo

gi chc vo cng trnh n y, vic neo gi phi tun theo ng ch dn cu thit k.

Nu v tr mc neo trng vi l tng th phi lm h thng ging pha trong neo.

Cc mi lin kt bng ai phi chc chn v phng cc thanh trt trn ct

ng.

Dng - g gin do bng thp cch ng dy in khng qu 5m phi bo xin ct

in lin tc cho n khi hon tt cng vic mi ng in tr li.

Phi c bin php bo m an ton chng st ngay khi dng gin do k t cao

4m tr ln, ngoi tr trng hp gin do trong phm vi bo v chng st c sn .

Ch cho php s dng gin do treo v ni treo nu p ng cc yu cu sau:

* Dy treo lm bng thp trn, dy cp (i vi gin do treo) cp mm (i vi ni

treo) v c kch thc ph hp vi thit k.

* t gin do treo v ni treo cch phn nh ra ca cng trnh ti thiu l 10cm.

* Cng-xon phi c nh chc vo cng trnh v khng cho chng ta ln mi ua

hoc b mi.

* Gin do c neo buc chc vo cng trnh trnh b u a trong khi lm vic

.

* Trc khi s dng phi th ti trng tnh i vi dy treo gin do vi tr s ln

hn 25% ti trng tnh ton.

Ring ni treo ngoi vic th ti trng tnh cn phi chu th ti trng ng trng

thi nng h. Khi th ti trng ng, ti trng th phi ly ln hn 10% tr s tnh ton.

Ti trng treo v mc treo phi c tr s ln hn hai ln ti trng tnh ton v thi

gian treo th trn dy khng nh hn 15 pht.

Kt qu th nghim phi c xc nhn bng bin bn nghim thu.

* Nng h ni treo bng ti ch c tin hnh vi b phn thng hm t ng tt.

* Khi ngng vic phi h ni treo xung, khng c chng trng thi treo l

lng.

* Ln xung gin gio treo phi dng thang dy c nh tt vo cng trnh v c

bn bo m an ton. Phi thng xuyn t chc kim tra tnh trng hon ho cu chng ./.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


CHNG 7: AN TON NGH KCH KO

1. Lm vic lin quan n thit b nng:

- Khi thit b nng lm vic tuyt i khng c i li, ngi ngh di ti trng trong

bn knh quay ca cc loi cu trc.

- Khng c n gn vt cu khi vt cn ang treo cao, ch c n gn vt cu khi

vt cn cch v tr cn h l 30cm.

- Trc khi cu chnh thc phi nhc th m hng ln cao t 0,1 n 0,2m kim tra

cp cn, cp hng, im buc, nt buc .v.v...

2. V s dng dy cp:

- Trc khi em cp ra s dng phi kim tra chiu di cp, mc r mi mn

quyt nh s dng hay loi b.

- Cng thc kinh nghim tnh lc ko cho php ca cp: FCP= 9 D2 khi h s an ton

(k=5). Khi cp c mt tao b t hoc b mn 40% so vi ng knh ban u phi loi b.

- V tr buc khi cu phi m bo cu kin cn bng khng b nghing lch, nu cu

kin c cnh sc phi c m lt bng g, vn.

- Khi cu phi m bo gc kp gia phng ca nhnh dy treo vi phng thng

ng (phng ri ca vt) t 450 600.

- Vic ni u dy cp vi mc treo cm buc nt phi s dng khuyt cp ma n.

Khuyt cp khi an phi m bo c ly ti thiu l 30d. (d l ng knh cp).

- S dng cc cp khong cch 2 cc gn nht l 5d. d pht hin cc b tt pha

sau cc cui cng bt thm 01 con v m rng n 0,5m, on cp y c bt cong ln

gi l on cong an ton.

- Khi bt cc cp phi vn tht cht cho n khi cp b dt 1/3 mi thi, i vi cc rng

nga dng t 3 n 6 con cc bn p, cc nm tay tng thm 01 con, s lng dng nh sau:

Cp 18mm n 20mm dng 3 con.



3. V s dng kch

- S dng phi ng chng loi theo phng n, trc khi a kch vo vn hnh phi

tin hnh th ti theo quy nh.

- Nn t kch phi bng phng, n nh, k m chng ln bng t vt g hoc bng

tm thp d=10mm. Thao tc kch t t, mt ln kch khng qu 10cm, phi c chng n phng

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


h chc chn. Khe h gia im k phng h v y vt

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- Khi dng c l xit bulng t th ng lm vic phi n nh chc chn, c l phi va

vi cu, nu s dng c l ui chut, m lt..v.v...ch c dng mt tay thao tc cn tay kia

bm vo vt kin trc chc chn. Trong iu kin ngi lao ng phi eo dy an ton.

- Khi quai ba khng c eo gng tay, khng ng i din nhau nh ba, khi

quai phi ch ngi trc ngi sau phng tai nn.

6. An ton khi trn b tng bng my- m v b tng

- Ch c lm sch h v gu np ca my trn khi c nh chc chn gu v tr

nng. Cm cng nhn ng di gu phng tai nn, khi tt phanh, t cp my.

- Khi tin hnh v sinh gu phi tin hnh ngt ngun in cp cho my v treo bin

cm ng in: C ngi ang sa cha.

- Khi vn chuyn b tng s dng cu cm ngi i li di gu cha b tng. Trc

khi cu phi kim tra khuyt cp man, cm dng thanh st hn sn vo gu lm quang treo

gu, kim tra cht hm ca x b tng.

- Khi b tng, khong cch t y thng n mt b tng khng c cao qu 1,0m.

b tng t 1,5m tr ln trnh cho b tng khng b phn tng th phi dng vi voi hoc

mng nghing . Phu hng, vi voi, mng dn b tng phi lin kt chc chn vo sn

thao tc. Khi b tng t 1,5m tr ln cng nhn phi ng trn sn thao tc lt vn

=1,5cm lin kt bng inh a xung quanh c tay vn vng chc cao nht 1,0m c t nht hai

thanh ngang ngi khi trt ra ngoi.

- Khi b tng kt cu c nghing t 300 cng nhn phi eo giy an ton.

- Khi b tng phi ch phng in git, trc khi lm vic v m phi c ni

t qua phch cm chuyn dng, dy dn in phi c bc cao su cch in.

- Khi di chuyn dm i ni khc hoc ngng vic phi ngt cu dao in, c cch 30

n 35 pht lm vic phi tt my cho ngui.

CHNG 8. AN TON TRONG CNG TC KHOAN CC NHI:

- S dng my khoan theo quy nh, Quy phm k thut an ton trong cng tc khoan.

- Th iu khin my khoan phi nm vng v thnh tho cng tc khoan, bit x l s

c, bo m an ton cho my mc v con ngi.

- Ti v tr l khoan cc nhi khoan khi tm ngng lm vic phi c bin bo, cm

chay nh du bo nguy him.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- Khi kim tra mu phi ngng khoan, gia th my v th khoan phi c s phi hp

ng b, nhp nhng trong cng vic.

- Khi tri ma to, gi ln phi ngng cng vic khoan.

- Khoan ban m phi m bo nh sng y ti khu vc thi cng.

- Nhng ngi khng c nhim v khng c vo khu vc khoan cc nhi.

- S dng cu chuyn my khoan phi tun theo Quy phm an ton s dng thit b

nng.

- Khi s dng ba rung a ng thp xung l khoan, th iu khin cn lu iu

khin chnh xc khong cch an ton vi ngi lm vic xung quanh.

- Khi lm vic lp rp gin khoan, lp ng thp, ngi lm vic cn thao tc cn thn,

chnh xc, cn kim tra k cc mi hn, mc cp, phi hp nhp nhng trc khi h gin khoan

hoc h lng st xung.

- Th iu khin my lc ct khi iu khin my cn lu quan st tt c cc v tr ca

my, kim tra my phi m bo an ton mi c vn hnh.

- Khi my ang vn hnh khng c sa cha bt k b phn no ca my, nu sa

cha my th vn hnh phi tt my, tt cu dao in tng ca my v treo bin bo

Cm ng in ti cu dao in khi mi tin hnh sa cha.

- Khng c dng thit b sai vi tnh nng ca n.

- Cc cng vic mi pht sinh i hi an ton cao, n v thi cng phi lp bin

php an ton, sau khi thng qua bin php an ton phi c ph bin n tng ngi c

bit thc hin.

CHNG 9. AN TON TRONG CNG TC NG CC, P CC, P C CHN:

- Cc my ng cc, p cc phi c xut x, c giy kim nh cht lng, cc thit b

an ton y .

- Cu i km my phi c ng kim, c giy php s dng ca c quan chc nng

cp.

- Cng nhn li cu, vn hnh cu, vn hnh my phi c o to qua trng v c

chng ch ca c quan c chc nng cp.

- Khi vn chuyn cc v c chn cn lu an ton trong vic mc cp cu, xi nhan cu,

xp d, v tr ng ca ngi iu khin.

- Cng nhn phc v phi c hun luyn an ton BHL theo tng cng vic.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- Vic b tr sp xp my, cu, ti trng, cc, cu dao, t in phi hp l, an ton

trong qu trnh thi cng.

- Trc khi vn hnh my phi kim an ton ni lm vic v my mc nh: ng ng

p lc, ng h p lc, cp cu, thng cu, cc cu dao in, cch in v my, thit b nu

thy c du hiu khng an ton phi khc phc ngay.

- Khi leo tro ln cao phi eo dy an ton.

- Khi vn hnh my, nu thy my b nghing hoc khng an ton th phi x l ngay.

- Khng c ngi ngh hay ng khu vc i trng, cc, c

- Nhng ngi khng c nhim v khng c vo khu vc p cc.

- Phi thng xuyn kim tra cc b phn ca my nh ba rung, ng dn du thu

lc, cp cu. Kp thi sa cha khi cc b phn c h hng.

CHNG 10. AN TON TRONG CNG TC LP DNG, S DNG CU:

a. Khi lp dng cu:

- Lp dng cu theo ng bin php c ph duyt.

- Trong qu trnh lp nu c vn bt hp l th cn phi bo ngay cho ngi c trch

nhim kp thi x l.

- Nu c ng dy in trung th hay h th trong khu vc cng trng hay trn

ng vn chuyn, khi cu lm vic phi gi khong cch an ton.

- Kim tra an ton tuyt i cc phng tin cu lp v dng c thi cng lp cu.

- Cng nhn lp dng cu phi c ph bin bin php an ton lp cu v k tn y

vo danh sch hun luyn an ton. Phi trang b y BHL nh: Nn cng, dy an ton,

gng tay, bao ng ngh

- Lp hng ro ranh gii nguy him v gn bin bo Cm ngi qua li ti khu vc lp

dng cu .

- Sau khi lp dng hon chnh th phi mi c quan chc nng n lm cc th tc :

Th ti, kim nh cu v xin cp giy php s dng cu.

b. An ton khi s dng cu:

- Khi giy php c cp th vic s dng cu mi c coi l hp php.

- Th li cu phi c o to qua trng lp, c chng ch v phi nm vng tnh

nng hot ng ca cu, thnh tho trong thao tc.

- Phi c s theo di tnh trng hot ng ca cu, duy tr ch giao ca hng ngy.

- Khng c lm ba lm u, dng cu sai vi tnh nng hot ng ca cu.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- Vic xi nhan cu v mc hng, kim tra cu phi c 1 nhm chuyn mn, tuyt i

khng c giao cho ngi khng nm c vic mc cp lm vic xi nhan cu.

- Khi c hai cu lm cnh nhau, cn c s thng nht ranh gii khu vc an ton ca

cu, trnh xy ra cu va chm vi nhau khi lm vic.

CHNG 11. AN TON TRONG CNG TC LP DNG NH THP TIN CH:

- n v m nhim thi cng lp dng nh thp tin ch phi c bin php lp dng v

ph bin cho tt c mi ngi nm vng trc khi lp dng, ng thi mi ngi phi k tn

vo danh sch c hun luyn an ton.

- Trang b y dng c lm vic, BHL cho Ngi lao ng.

- Nhng ngi lm vic trn cao phi c y sc kho, sc kho tt, c kinh nghim

lm vic trn cao ng thi phi eo dy an ton.

- Phi khoanh vng khu vc lp rp v c treo bin bo nguy him.

- Cn b gim st, k thut cng vic lp ghp phi c mt ti hin trng thng

xuyn khi cng vic lp ghp ang tin hnh.

- Vic iu khin cu lp rp, xi nhan cu, mc cp phi i hi an ton v chnh xc

cao.

- Phi ngng vic lp ghp khi c tri ma, gi v sm st.

- Phi m bo nh sng khi lm vic lp ghp vo ban m.

- Phi b tr cc loi thang m bo chc chn, thun tin i li v an ton cho cng

nhn.

- m bo an ton in v an ton cho khu vc ln cn xung quanh khi lp ghp.

CHNG 12: AN TON THIT B NNG

1. Ch c nhng ngi o to chuyn mn v hun luyn v an ton lao ng mi

c vn hnh cn trc.

2. Trc khi vn hnh phi tin hnh kim tra:

- Du m cc loi ng h bo, h thng in ni vo cu, h thng tip t.

- Kim tra cp cn, cp hng, h thng mm quay. i vi cn trc t c chn chng

c t trn cc tm m lt bng bn thp chc chn.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


3. Ch c cu vt ln khi bit r trng lng ca vt khng ln hn ti trng cho php

ca thit b, cc nt buc, cc dy treo trc m bo an ton v mi ngi khng c nhim v

phi ra khi vng nguy him.

4. Trc khi cu chnh thc phi nhc th m hng ln t 0,1 n 0,3m. i vi nhng

m hng nng gn bng sc nng ca thit b ch c cu ln cao t 0,1 n 0,2m kim

tra cp cn, cp hng, dy treo, nt buc. Qu trnh cu hng th cu phi quan st vt cu

nu c s c phi ko ci bo hiu t t h hng xung.

5. Tuyt i cm:

- cn v hng nm pha trn u ngi trong sut qu trnh nng h v di chuyn

ti.

- Cng mt lc thc hin 3 thao tc di chuyn quay cn nng h vt.

- Ln xung thit b nng khi ang di chuyn, nng ti b vi di t, b cc vt khc

ln.

- Cu vi hng, ko l ti, nng h ti qu tc quy nh.

- cn trc ng lm vic trn nn t yu, t mi p, gn st mp ho h

vv...hoc ni c dc ln hn quy nh.

- Nng h hoc di chuyn ti khi c ngi trn ti. Cm dng cn trc ch ngi.

- Treo ti l lng trong lc ngh vic.

- cn trc lm vic, di chuyn gn ng dy ti in vi phm khong cch an ton.

6. Trc khi cho cu lm vic trong vng nguy him ca ng dy ti in trn khng

ang hot ng phi ct in. Vng nguy him ca ng dy ti in trn khng ang hot

ng quy nh i vi tng cp in p nh sau:

+ in p di 1KV Khong cch 2,0m

+ T 1 n 20KV Khong cch 10,0m

+ 35KV Khong cch 15,0m

+ 110KV Khong cch 20,0m

+ 150 n 220KV Khong cch 25,0m

7. Phi thng xuyn kim tra cp cn, cp hng xc nh cht lng ca cp.

Nhng si cp sau y khng c s dng: Cp c 1 tao b t, cp b mi mn 40% so vi

ng knh ban u.

8. i vi my trc di chuyn trn ng ray, ch cho php my trc va di chuyn va

mang hng khi:

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- ng cu bng phng, ng di chuyn ca cn trc vi hng i khi lng ca vt

cu ch bng 50% ti trng cho php.

9. i vi cn trc thp dy dn in phi c trc cun t song song vi ng ray.

Khi c gi bo t cp 5 tr ln phi s dng 4 dy no ging.

CHNG 13: AN TON LAO NG I VI TH ST HN

1. Khi nn thng ct thp bng dng c th cng nh: vam, ba, e phng r st bn

vo mt cng nhn phi eo knh v gng tay bo v.

2. Khi nn thng ct thp bng my trnh ct thp b tut, t vng bn vo ngi

gy tai nn, khu vc kho cng phi c ro ngn m bo an ton.

3. Khi cht ct thp bng ba p ln c, ba phi c cn chc chn, u ba khng

c c ba via c chm cht vo cn. c phi sc mm, chm phi kht vi ng knh

thp. Ngi quai ba t khng c eo gng tay.

4. Khi un ct thp trn bn ch c nh chc chn bn xung nn nh v ng tht

chc ct thp trn bn un dng lm im ta un ct thp.

5. Khi ct un ct thp bng my c th xy ra tai nn do my un kp vo tay, in

git, do khi s dng cng nhn phi nghim chnh chp hnh quy trnh vn hnh ca my.

i vi my dn ng c kh cm ct cc on thp ngn hn 30cm nu khng c b phn che

chn bo v.

6. Khi buc ct thp phi dng dng c mc buc, khng buc bng tay. Khi lp t ct

thp cao 1,5m so vi mt t, sn tng, cng nhn phi ng trn cc sn cng tc c lan

can tay vn vng chc. Khi ln xung phi c thang, khng c leo ln khung ct thp lp

t, khng i li trn khung ct thp. Phi lt vn theo di rng t 0,3 n 0,4m.

7. Khi dng lp ct thp gn ng dy in trn phi tin hnh ct in. Trng hp

khng ct c in phi c bin php ngn nga ct thp chm vo dy in.

8. Th st khi lm vic trn cao bt buc phi eo dy an ton, ni cheo leo nguy him

phi cng li phng h.

CHNG 14: AN TON HN TH SA CHA, VN HNH S DNG CC CNG C CM TAY

1. Chn ng loi cng c theo cng dng

Nh dao (ct, cht, gt, vt); Km (kp cht, vn, xit cht mi ni bng dy thp, nh

inh) khng c dng ba hay thanh st, g thay di c.

2. Chn ng kch c v i tng cn thao tc

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


Nh ming cl phi va vi cu, hay dng tuc n vt vn inh vt th chiu dy v rng

ca mi tuc n vt phi va kht vi rnh trn u inh vt.

- Khi dng dao hay ca ca ct khng bao gi c dng bn tay hay ngn tay

lm c. Khi gia cng (ca, ct, c, khoan, bo) vt phi c t ln bn gia cng chc chn

(dao sc khng bng chc k).

- Khi dng ba t p ln mi ve, c, chm cht st tuyt i cm gi chng bng

tay m phi dng thanh kp c cn di.

3. Khi s dng dng c cm tay chy in trc khi s dng phi kim tra:

- Dy dn, phch cm, cng tc, cu dao, dy ni t, nu khng m bo an ton phi

tin hnh x l ngay.

- Khi ang vn hnh nu bt ng c b phn no b kp phi ct in ngay. Trong lc

tm ngh hay khi ang vn hnh m mt in phi ngt mch ng c, kh ra khi ni lm vic

ph ngt ngun in.

+ Khi s dng kch: kch nng h ti th t nn kch phi bng phng, n nh,

nu nn yu phi k m chng ln bng t vt g hoc dm vv...Qu trnh kch vt gia

u kch v vt phi k m bng g chc hoc bng tm thp = 10mm, ngoi ra cn phi k

phng h lun m bo c ly t y vt n im k phng h 5cm

+ Khi s dng my khoan nghim cm:

- Gi vt khoan bng tay khi khoan vt .

- Dng cc mi khoan b gy mi.

- Dng d lau chi mi khoan.

- eo gng tay gi vt, iu chnh mi khoan khi my ang chy.

- Khi khoan vt ngi s dng phi i m bt tc, khng c gh st u, mt vo

mi khoan nhn hoc thi mi khoan.

+ S dng my tin:

Trc khi s dng kim tra: Phn in, tip t, dy cua roa, bn xe dao, mm cp.

Khi s dng:

- Cp cht vt tin vi mm cp v iu chnh vt tin ng tm vi mm cp

- Li dao phi c nh chc chn trn gi, khi vn hnh cng nhn phi eo knh phng

h, khu trang, i m bt tc.

+ S dng my mi:

- khng b rn nt

- Chu vi phi ng tm vi trc

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- B t cc 3,0 cm

- Khi mi cng nhn phi ng chch 450 eo knh phng h, khu trang, m bt tc.

CHNG 15: BIN PHP X L KHI C TAI NN IN GIT

1. Tch nn nhn khi ngun in

Khi dng in qua ngi ln ti mc cc c b co git mnh khng th t g ra khi

phn mang in, khng th ku cu c. Khi i hi ngi cu phi nhanh chng tch nn

nhn ra khi ngun in

*in p cao: Nht thit phi ct in cu dao trc , sau mi li gn v tin hnh

s cu.

Ring th in c th :

(1) dng gng tay cch in, i ng cch in, dng so cch in c cht lng cch

in ph hp vi cp in p ni ngi b nn tch dy in ra khi ngi b nn;

(2) Dng phng php ngn mch: nm cc vt kim loi ln cc dy dn in trn,

hoc dng dy kim loi c mt u c ni t, u kia nm ln dy in trn (y l cng

vic kh khn, nguy him, ch c th in c luyn tp chu o mi lm)

Nu ngi b nn trn cao khi ct in phi b tr ngi b nn ri.

* Mng H p:

(1) Ngt in bng cu dao, rt phch cm, ngt cng tc, rt cu ch

(2) Dng dao cc g kh cht t dy in

(3) Dng vi kh lt tay ko ngi b nn ra

(4) Dng so tre kh, gy kh gt dy in ra

*Ch :

- Khng va chm vo cc phn dn in, nht l dy dn gn ngi b nn.

- Khng nm vo ngi b nn bng tay khng, hay tip xc vi c th trn ca

ngi b nn;

- Phi tranh th tng dy, tng pht, nhanh tr, sng to, tu tnh hnh thc t v dng

c c trong tay x tr.

2. S cu ngi b in git:

- Trc ht phi lm cho 2 b phn tim, phi hot ng, sau mi cu cc b phn

khc: bng, gy xng, dp nt.

(1)Thng ng h hp: m, ri t chy ra khng th tri vo phi c bng cch

t nm nghing, gp tay ngi b nn t bn di mt.

(2) Thi ngt: (khi th b ngng)

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


- Moi m, ri, thc n, rng gi trong ming ra

- H hp nhn to: bng my hoc bng tay: hiu qu thp: tn nhiu sc, t khng kh

vo phi.

- H hi, thi ngt: n gin, nhiu u im hn c, ch cn mt ngi lm v p dng

khp mi ni. Nhng pht u thi 20 ln/pht, sau: 16 ln/pht

- Xoa bp tim: n cho lng ngc b nn xung t 3-4 cm. 60-80 ln/ pht.

3. Chuyn nn nhn n trung tm y t gn nht

- Trong qu trnh s cu nn nhn, nhng trng hp nng cn gi trung tm cp cu

a ngi b nn n trung tm y t gn nht bng phng tin cu thng c nhn vin y

t i km.

- Nhng trng hp t nguy him hn c th trc tip a nn nhn n trung tm y t

gn nht.

- Trong mi trng hp vic a nn nhn i cp cu phi thc hin mt cch nhanh

chng nht.

TI LIU THAM KHO

1. iu 56 v cc iu lin quan 29, 39, 61 ca Hin php nc cng ha x hi ch

ngha Vit Nam nm 1992;

2. B Lut lao ng.

3. Lut bo v sc khe nhn dn

4. Lut Bo v mi trng

5. Lut phng chy cha chy

6. Ngh nh s 45/2013/N-CP Ngy 10/5/2013 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit

mt s iu ca B lut lao ng v thi gi lm vic, thi gi ngh ngi v an ton lao ng,

v sinh lao ng.

7. Thng t s 37/2005/TT-BLTBXH ngy 29 thng 12 nm 2005 ca B trng B lao

ng thng binh x hi hng dn cng tc hun luyn an ton v sinh lao ng.

8. Ti liu v Bo h lao ng, S tay an ton v sinh lao ng ca cc An ton lao

ng B lao ng thng binh v x hi 2009.

9. Cc tiu chun Vit Nam v an ton lao ng p dng trong ngnh ngh xy dng.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


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-CN lm n

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tr

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.

NG BA HU TRUNG NAM


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u 11. -

xuyn

- PCCN, Ban ATVS

. gn

ny

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