Curriculum Material : Psychology of Game @2013 ,All rights reserved

遊戲心理學 系列課程二之一 : 遊戲的起源

LECTURE : THE PSYCHOLOGY OF GAME SERIOUS 2-1 :The Beginning Of The Game

Curriculum Material : Psychology of Game @2013 ,All rights reserved

Game

Curriculum Material : Psychology of Game @2013 ,All rights reserved

Egyptian: Senet

• “the passing game”

• May be the oldest board game

– Evidence from sites dating from Pre-dynastic & Ancient Egypt: 3500 BCE

• Royal & workers’ tombs

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Queen Nefertari playing Senet. Tomb painting (1295–1255 BC)

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Where does this painting come from?

Why do you think so?

Is this a reliable source of information?

Why or why not?

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How to play Senet

• Board: 30 squares set in three rows of 10

• Two players

• Both players' pieces enter the board at one end of a row, proceed to the end, turn and go back down the middle at the end of which they turn again, drop to the final row and go back.

• Object: apparently a race with moves determined by tosses of “throwsticks.”

• Special spots on the board represent death and being turned away from the afterlife -- and rebirth to try again.

A Senet game from the tomb of Amenhotep III, now at the Brooklyn Museum, New York City.

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埃及塞尼特棋

(古埃及遊戲）

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“Mehen” – The Game of the Snake

• Coiled, spiral playing board

• Six sets of differently colored playing pieces (marbles) with six marbles to a set.

• Six special playing pieces in forms of dangerous, predatory animals– most often lions (but sometimes dogs, hyenas, hippos, crocodiles…).

•

• The only multi-player ancient Egyptian board game known.

• How many people probably played together?

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Game abandoned around 2000 BCE…

• “Mehen,” the serpent god, wrapped himself around the Sun God every evening to

protect him on his trip across night, so that he would arrive safely to bring morning…

• Notched playing boards symbolically “weakened” the strength of the serpent god…

• And threatened the coming of the sun in the morning…= threatening the balance of life!

• Role of magic / religion in daily life…

Why?

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The Game of Twenty Squares

• Reverse side of the Senet board! Used the

same playing pieces plus… a die!

• Special squares marked with rosettes or

symbols, like ankh nefer (good life).

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Hounds and Jackals

• Board game with five pieces per player, either hounds or jackals, for 2 players.

• How do we know it was for 2 players?

• Sometimes, either geometric shapes, or archers and bound prisoners.

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APK DOWNLOAD

Hounds and Jackals

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“Cribbage”

• Card game for 2-4 (or more) players. Racing game, using cards to amass points.

• Created in 17th century England, as a derivation of the game “noddy".

• One of the most popular games in the English-speaking world.

• Be the first to score a target number of points, typically 61 or 121, scored for card combinations that add up to fifteen: pairs (plus triples and quadruples), runs, flushes.

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Earliest evidence: c. 4,000 BCE

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The Royal Game of Ur

• The board: twenty squares made of shell, red limestone,

and lapis lazuli

– Five squares each have flower rosettes, 'eyes', and circled dots.

– The remaining five squares have various designs of five dots.

• Hollow board with the pieces stored inside.

• Dice, either stick dice or tetrahedral in shape.

This board, excavated at Ur, is now in the British Museum, London.

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How to play

• According to references in ancient documents…

– Two players competed to race their pieces from one end of

the board to another.

– Pieces were allowed onto the board at the beginning only

with specific throws of the dice.

– We also know that rosette spaces were lucky.

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India – “Chauka Bara”

• 2-5 players race around the board to the inner square.

• Each player has four coins, he can decide which coin to move, so it is a game of strategy.

• Throw 4 cowry shells to determine how many spaces one moves, so it is also a game of “chance.”

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In ANY Language, the same game:

“Five Houses”

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Goats and Tigers

• National Game of Nepal:

• “Bagh Chal” – “Tiger Moving Game”

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Curriculum Material : Psychology of Game @2013 ,All rights reserved

Pachesi

• National Board Game of India

• From word meaning “25”

• A “cross and circle game”

• Dates from at least 300 CE

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Curriculum Material : Psychology of Game @2013 ,All rights reserved

What are they & Where have you seen them?

Brass sheet metal Aligulimane – Tamilnadu.

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So, India has long had connections with which societies?

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African Board Game

• Awali / Oware / Wari

• Maasai people say it was invented by the son of the

first man, Maitoumbe.

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What are we going to learn this year?

Curriculum Material : Psychology of Game @2013 ,All rights reserved

A Theory of Fun for Game Design Raph Koster (Author)

衍伸閱讀