tarSmifcef;u tyfusoH - rehmonnya.org · 4 rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;? 2017 rwfv rmwdum 1)...

1tarSmifcef;u tyfusoH

2 rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;? 2017 rwfv


rmwdum

1) rdwfquf 07

2) pD&ifcHpmjyKpkyHk 9

2 - u) uGif;qif;okawoejyKvkyfjcif; 9

2 - c) owif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk cGJjcrf;okH;oyfjcif; 10

2 - *) t"dyÜm,fzGifhqdkcsufrsm; 5 11

2 - C) okawoejyKvkyfcJhaom ae&ma'orsm; 5 12

2-i) pdefac:rIrsm; 12

3) aemufcHordkif; 0 143-u) Oya'a&;&m tcsuftvufrsm; 15

3-c) tkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&m udpö&yfrsm; 17

4) uav;oli,frsm;tay: tMurf;zufrIykHp Hrsm; 5 20

4-u) tMurf;zufrItrsdK;tpm;rsm; 21

4-c) usL;vGefolrsm; 25

4-*) zGifh[ajymqdkjcif; odkYr[kwf wdkifwef;jcif; 28

4-C) zGifh[ajymqdkonfh odkYr[kwf wdkifwef;onfh enf;vrf;rsm; 29

4-i) w&m;a&;Xmersm;\ qkH;jzwfcsufrsm; 33

5) jynfolvlxk\ oabmxm;toHrsm; odkYr[kwf vdiftMurf;zufrIESifh

ywfoufNyD; jynfolvlxkwdkY 43

5-u) &ifqdkifausmfvTm;cJh&aom tcuftcJrsm;ESifh ywfoufaom

oabmxm;tjrifrsm; 34

5-c) oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIta&twGuf jrifhrm;vmjcif;ESifh

ywfoufaom oabmxm;tjrifrsm; 43

5-*) w&m;rSswrI&SmazG&mwGif &ifqdkifae&aom tcuftcJpdefac:rIrsm; 45

6) tBuHjyKcsufrsm; 5 52

1) jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEdkifiHawmftpdk;&odkY 52

2) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfodkY 53

3) taxGaxGtkyfcsKyfa&;OD;pD;XmeodkY 53

4) rGefjynfopfygwDodkY 53

5) vlxktajcjyKtzGJUtpnf;rsm;odkY 54

6) tjynfjynfqdkif&mtodkif;t0dkif;rsm;odkY 54


'Drdkua&pD? vlYtcGifhta&;ESifh ppfrSefonfhNidrf;csrf;a&; jyefvnf xGef;um;&ef&nf&G,fcsufjzifh rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif; Human Rights Founda-

tion of Monland (HURFOM) udk 1995 ckESpf ZGefvwGif pwifzGJYpnf;wnfaxmifcJhonf/ 1988 'Drdkua&pDta&;awmfyHkrS ausmif;om;vli,f rsdK;qufrsm;jzifh zGJYpnf;cJhaom vlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;tjzpf jrefrmEdkifiHawmifydkif;&SdvlYtcGifhta&; tajctaersm;ESifh vlYtcGifhta&;umuG,fjr§ifhwifa&; tpDtpOfrsm;udk pwifzGJYpnf;cJhpOf uwnf;u aqmif&GufcJhonf/ aemufydkif;wGif a'o&SdvlYtcGifhta&;umuG,fapmifha&Smufolrsm;ESifh rGef&yf&Gmvlxkacgif;aqmifrsm;vnf;yg0ifvmMuonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHwGif 'Drdkua&pDjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;twGufEdkifiHwum todkif;t0dkif;xHrS tultnDrsm;&Edkifap&efvHIYaqmfa&;tzGJYtpnf;tm;vHk;odkY owif;tcsuftvufrsm;?owif;tpD&ifcHpmrsm; yHkrSef yHhykd;ay;aeonfh tzGJYtpnf;jzpfonf/

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2017ckESpf rwfv/Human Rights Foundation of Monland – Burma [HURFOM]

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rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;


tcef; (1)

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rdcs,f&Dpdk; (rGeftrsdK;orD;rsm;uGef&uf)

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rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;\ XmecGJwpfckjzpfaom trsdK;orD;ESifhuav;tcGifhta&;tpDtpOfu xkwfa0onfh þtpD&ifcHpmwGif jrefrmEdkifiHawmifydkif; rGefjynfe,fESifh rGefa'orsm;wGif2013 'DZifbmvrS 2017 Zefe0g&DvtwGif; jzpfyGm;cJhaom oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrI trI (20)udk qef;ppfavhvmxm;onf/ tqdkygtMurf;zufrIrsm;wGif vlukeful;rIrStp t"r®jyKusifhrItqkH;rsm;jym;aom qufpyftMurf;zufrIrsm; yg0ifaomfvnf; usL;vGefonfh t"du&nf&G,fcsufrSm vdiftMurf;zufrIjyK&ef jzpfonf/ þtpD&ifcHpmonf oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIjzpfpOfwpfckvkH;udk NcHKikHokH;oyfNyD; aumufcsufcstajzxkwfEdkifonftxd tcsuftvufjynfhpkHrIr&Sdonfudk rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;u 0efcHygonf/ odkYaomf oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIESifhywfoufí jynfolvlxktMum; todynm odkYr[kwf vIyfcwfEdk;Mum;rIwpfpkHw&m jzpfay:vmap&ef þtpD&ifcHpmu pGrf;aqmifEdkifvdrfhrnf[k rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;u ,kHMunfygonf/

1 rdcs,f&Dpdk;(rGeftrsdK;orD;rsm;uGef&uf)ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;jcif;/


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þtpD&ifcHpmudk t"dutcef; (5) ckjzifh cGJjcm;azmfjyxm;onf/ tcef; (1) onf rdwffqufjzpfNyD; tcef; (2) wGif tpD&ifcHpmjyKpkykH enf;vrf;rsm;udk azmfjyxm;onf/ ¤if;aemufwGif vdiftMurf;zufrIqdkif&mw&m;a&;ESifh tkyfcsKyfa&;pepfrsm;ESifh zGJYpnf;ykHrsm;? uav;oli,fumuG,fa&;ESifhywfoufí jrefrmEdkifiHu vkdufem&rnfh jynfwGif;ESifh tjynfjynfqdkif&m pHEIef;rsm;udk a,bk,s okH;oyfxm;aomtcef; (3) udk awGY&rnf jzpfonf/ tMurf;zufrItrsdK;tpm;rsm;? usL;vGefolrsm;ESifh trIrSefay:ayguf&eftwGuf BudK;yrf;rIykHpHrsm;udk tcef; (4) wGif azmfjyxm;NyD; tcef; (5) wGifrl oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIESifhywfoufí jynfolvlxk? vlrItzGJYtpnf;rsm;u zGifh[ajymMum;cJhaom oabmxm;tjrifrsm;udkzwf½SK&rnfjzpfonf/ aemufqkH;tcef;jzpfaom tcef; (6) wGif jrefrmEdkifiHawmf jynfaxmifpktpdk;&?jynfe,ftpdk;&? tkyfcsKyfa&;Xmersm;? rGefjynfopfygwDESifh vlrItzGJUtpnf;rsm;odkY &nf&G,fay;ydkYaomtBuHjyKcsufrsm;udk azmfjyxm;onf/tcef; (2)


tcef; (2) pD&ifcHpmjyKpkykH

rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;taejzifh rGefjynfolvlxkrsm;\ qE´toHrsm;udk 1995ckESpfuwnf;u pwifí owif;tcsuftvufpkaqmif;cJhNyD; ,cktpD&ifcHpmudk tqkdyg (22) ESpftwGif;&&SdcJhaom tawGYtBuHKrsm;tay:wGif tajccHNyD; jyKpkcJhonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHawmifydkif;&Sd rGefjynfe,fESifhrGefa'orsm;twGif;&Sd trsdK;orD;rsm;ESifhuav;oli,frsm;\ tcGihfta&;rsm;udk trsdK;orD;rsm;tay:cGJjcm;rIykHpHrsm;tm;vkH;yaysmufa&; oabmwlpmcsKyf (the Convention on the Elimination of All

Forms of Discrimination Against Women – CEDAW) ESifh uav;oli,ftcGifhta&;qdkif&moabm wlpmcsKyf (the Convention on the Rights of the Child – CRC) yg tcsuftvufrsm;twdkif;umuG,fjcif;ESifh jrSifhwifjcif;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif&GufEdkif&eftwGuf trsdK;orD;ESifh uav;tcGifhta&;tpDtpOf (the Woman and Child Rights Project – WCRP) udk pwifzGJYpnf;cJhonf/ þtpD&ifcHpmonf trsdK;orD;ESifhuav;rsm;\ tcGifhta&;qdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;udk (17) ESpfMum avhvmokH;oyfcJhaomtrsdK;orD;ESifh uav;tcGifhta&;tpDtpOf\ tawGYtBuHKtay: tajccHNyD; jyKpkcJhonf/

2-u) uGif;qif;okawoejyKvkyfjcif;

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a'ocHe,fowif;axmuf (3)OD;? tNrJwrf;tzGJY0if (2) OD;wdkYu oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIqdkif&m owif;tcsuftvufrsm;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;rIrsm;udka&;NrdKUe,fESifh armfvNrdKifNrdKUe,frsm;wGif t"du vkyfaqmifcJ honf/odkYaomf trsdK;orD;ESifh uav;tcGifhta&;tpDtpOfu &nf&G,fxm;aom a'orsm;wGif weoFm&Dwdkif; a&jzLNrdKUe,fESifhu&ifjynfe,f 'l;yvm,m;c½dkifvnf;


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rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;u jrefrmEdkifiHawmifydkif; rGefa'orsm;wGif (22) ESpfMumpkaqmif;cJhaom vlYtcGifhta&;qdkif&m owif;tcsuftvufrsm;udkvnf; þtpD&ifcHpmwGif xnfhoGif;xm;onf/ tcsdKUaom tcsuftvufrsm;udk rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;\ Website jzpfaomhttp://rehmonnya.org/ wGifvnf;aumif;? rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;u (2) vwpfBudrfxkwfa0vsuf&Sdaom rGefvlxkto(the Mon Forum)pmapmifwGifvnf;aumif; azmfjyxm;NyD;jzpfonf/owif;tcsuftvufrsm;ESifh ywfoufí jyefvnftwnfjyKrIrsm;udk tNrJwrf;vkyfaqmif&ef a'ocHe,fowif;axmufrsm;udk rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;u nTefMum;xm;NyD;jzpfaomfvnf; umv?a'oESifh tjcm;tcuftcJrsm;aMumifh jzpfpOftm;vkH;udk jyefvnftwnfjyK&ef rjzpfEdkifcJhacs/ ,cktpD&ifcHpmonf oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIESifhywfoufaom a&S;OD;tpD&ifcHpmomjzpfNyD; aemufaemifwGifaemufqufwGJtpD&ifcHpmrsm; xkwfa0oGm;Edkif&eftwGufvnf; rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;uBudK;yrf;vkyfaqmifoGm;rnf jzpfonf/

2-c) owif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk cGJjcrf;okH;oyfjcif;

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2-*) t"dyÜm,fzGifhqdkcsufrsm;

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2 urÇmhusef;rma&;tzGJU\ tMurf;zufrIESifh usef;rma&;qdkif&m urÇmhtpD&ifcHpm (*sDeDAmNrdKU -urÇmhusef;rma&;tzGJU? 2002)? tcef; (6)? pmrsufESm (149)/


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2-i.*) xdckdufemusif&rI

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tcef; (3) - aemufcHordkif;

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jrefrmEkdifiHawmifydkif;&Sd rGefjynfe,fESifhrGefa'orsm;twGif; oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIrsm; jrifhwufvmrIESif hywfoufípdk;&drfylyefrIrsm; jzpfay:vmcJhonf/ 2014rS 2016 ckESpftwGif; rGefjynfe,fwGif

touf (18) ESpfatmuf uav;oli,frsm;tay: usL;vGefaom vdiftMurf;zufrIaygif; (98) rIudkBuHKawGUrSwfwrf;wifcJh&aMumif; a'ocHvlrItzG JUtpnf;wpfckjzpfaom rGefjynfe,fvkH;qdkif&m

3 rk'drf;rIrsm;\ xuf0ufausmfrSm oufi,frk'drf;rIrsm;jzpfae - jrefrmwdkif;rf - 2015 Mo*kwfv 20/oufi,frk'drf;rIrsm; jrifhwufvmjcif;udk pdk;&drfrdaMumif; 'k0efBuD;qdk - jrefrmwdkif;rf - 2016 'DZifbm 15/oufi,frk'drf;rIudk tzkH;zGifhMunfhjcif; - 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH - 2016 'DZifbm 15/

4 vdifrIudpöt&Sufw&m;rsm;udk ydkrdkod&Sdvdkygu trsdK;orD;rsm;tzGJUcsKyf (jrefrmEdkifiH) u 2016ZlvdkifvwGif urÇmhukvor*¾ü pifNydKiftpD&ifcHpmtjzpf wifoGif;aom “Long Way to Go: Continuing

violations of human rights and discrimination against ethnic women in Burma” ESifh Gender

Equality Network Myanmar u 2014 ckESpf atmufwdkbmvwGif xkwfa0aom Behind the Silence:

Violence against women and their resilience udk Munfh½SK&ef/


trsdK;orD;rsm;ESifh uav;oli,frsm; pGrf;&nfjrSifhwifa&;a&SUaqmiftoif; (the Mon State Women

and Children Upgrade Committee – MWCUC) u ajymqdkcJhonf/5 jrefrmEdkifiH wpf0ef;vkH;wGifvnf; oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrI jrifhwufvmjcif;tay: qefYusifaom qE´azmfxkwfyGJrsm;udktajrmuftjrm; usif;yvmcJhouJhodkY rGefjynfe,ftwGif;&Sd wufMuGvIyf&Sm;ol rsm;uvnf; armfvNrdKifNrdKUwGif qE´azmfxkwfNyD; rGefjynfe,fwGif oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrI tqkH;owfa&;ESifh oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIrsm;udk usL;vGefolrsm; tm;jyif;xefaom jypf'Pfrsm; csrSwfa&;wdkYtwGuf rGefjynfe,ftpdk;&udk zdtm;ay;vkyfaqmifvmcJhonf/6

3-u) Oya'a&;&m tcsuftvufrsm;

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dren in Armed Conflict) ESifh uav;oli,frsm;tm; vlukeful;jcif;? vdifvkyfom;jzifh tokH;csjcif;?npfnrf;"mwfykHESifh AD'D,dkrsm;wGif tokH;jyKjcif;tm; wm;jrpfjcif; oabmwlpmcsKyf (the Optional Pro-

tocols on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution, and Child Pornography)7 wdkYudk vufrSwfa&;xdk;cJhonf/

uav;oli,frsm;tcGi f hta&;pmcsKyf y k' fr (19) tydk' f (1) wGif

rdb? w&m;Oya't& apmifha&SmufcGifh&Sdaom tkyfxdef;olrsm;? uav;oli,ftm; *½kpdkufapmifha&Smufaeaom tjcm;aom yk*¾dKvfrsm;\ apmifha&SmufysdK;axmifrIatmufwGif &SdaepOftwGif;uav;oli,frsm;tm; udk,fydkif;qdkif&m odkYr[kwf pdwfydkif;qdkif&m tMurf;zufrI? 'Pf&m&&SdaprI odkYr[kwfEdkifhxufpD;eif;jyKrI? Oayu©mjyKrI odkYr[kwf wm0efrJhypfy,fxm;rI? aumif;rGefpGm rqufqHrI odkYr[kwftjrwfxkwfrI? vdiftMurf;zufrI usL;vGefjcif; rjyKEdkif&ef EdkifiHawmftpdk;&taejzifh oifhavsmfaomw&m;a&;qdkif&m? tkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&m? vlrIa&;qdkif&mESifh ynma&;qdkif&m tcGifhtmPmrsm;udk tokH;jyKNyD;tpGrf;ukef umuG,f&rnf8 [k azmfjyxm;onf/

5 rGefjynfe,fvkH;qdkif trsdK;orD;rsm;ESifh uav;oli,frsm; pGrf;&nfjrSifhwifa&; a&SUaqmiftoif;rS a':cifoef;axG;ESifhawGUqkHar;jref;jcif;/6 oufi,frk'drf;rIudk rGefjynfe,fwufMuGvIyf&Sm;olrsm; jypfwifa0zef - Eleven Myanmar -2016 'DZifbm10/ oufi,frk'drf;rItwGuf ydkrdkjyif;xefaom jypf'PfcsrSwfa&; wufMuGvIyf&Sm;olrsm; awmif;qkd - Myanmar

Times - 2016 Edk0ifbm 28/ oufi,frk'drf;rIudk ajz&Sif;&ef vlrItzGJUtpnf;rsm; BudK;yrf; - Myanmar Times

-2016 Edk0ifbm 16/7 tqdkygpmcsKyf (2) ckudk vufrSwfa&;xdk;xm;aomfvnf; vufeufudkify#dyu©rsm;wGif uav;i,frsm;yg0ifaerIqkdif&m oabmwlpmcsKyfudkrl taumiftxnfazmfvdkufemonfhtqifhtxd ra&muf&Sdao;acs/8 urÇmhukvor*¾ taxGaxGnDvmcH - uav;oli,frsm; tcGifhta&;qdkif&m oabmwlpmcsKyf - 1989 Edk0ifbm20/ urÇmhukvor*¾? oabmwlpmcsKyfqdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;? twGJ - 1577/


¤if;tjyif uav;oli,frsm;tcGifhta&;pmcsKyf yk'fr (34) wGifvnf; uav;oli,frsm;udkvdiftMurf;zufjcif;ESifh vdiftjrwfxkwfjcif;&efrS umuG,f&ef EdkifiHawmftpdk;&wGif tjynfht0wm0ef&SdaMumif; azmfjyxm;onf/

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okdYaomf vuf&Sdtajctaet& tqdkygoabmwlnDrIrsm;onf jynfwGif;Oya'rsm;tay:tmPmoufa&mufjcif; r&Sdao;[k ,lq&onf/ jrefrmEdkifiHtaejzifh uav;oli,frsm;udk umuG,f&eftrsdK;tpm;uGJjym;NyD; a&S;usaom w&m;Oya'qdkif&m tcif;tusif;rsm;tay: wnfrSDaeaomfvnf;w&m;0ifNyD; acwfrDaom wpfrsdK;om;vkH;qkdif&m uav;oli,fumuG,fa&;rl0g'udkrl rcsrSwfEdkifao;acs/10 tqdkygOya'rsm;onf NAdwdoSsudkvdkeDvufxufuwnf;u tarGqufcHvmjcif;jzpfNyD; 1861ckESpfwGif jyXmef;cJhaom &mZowfBuD;yk'frrsm; jzpfonf/ uav;oli,frsm;udk t"r®jyKusifhyguaxmif'Pf (10) ESpftxd csrSwfEdkifonfhtjyif 'PfaiGvnf; csrSwfEdkifonf[k jyXmef;xm;aomfvnf;uav;oli,frsm;tay: vdiftMurf;zufjcif;ESifh vdiftjrwfxkwfjcif;twGuf wdusaom Oya'yk'frrsm; r&Sdao;acs/11¤if;tjyif tcsdKYaomudpörsm;wGif tm;enf;olrsm;tay: vdiftMurf;zufjcif;udk w&m;Oya't& w&m;0ifcGifhjyKxm;ouJhodkY jzpfaeonf/ rdrd\ZeD;r,m;tm; ¤if;\oabmqE´rygbJtwif;t"r®vdifqufqHygu tqdkygZeD;r,m;onf touf (12) ausmfaevSsif &mZ0wfrI rajrmufacs/12&mZowfBuD;yk'frrsm;tjyif uav;oli,frsm; tcGifhta&;udk 1993 uav;oli,frsm;Oya'wGifvnf; azmfjyxm;onf/ okdYaomf uav;oli,frsm;udk vdifvkyfom;tjzpf tokH;csonfhudpörSvGJíusefaomtMurf;zufrIrsm;jzpfonfh uav;oli,frsm;tay: vdiftMurf;zufjcif;? vdifrw&m;jyKusifhjcif;udpö&yfrsm;twGufrl oD;jcm;azmfjyxm;jcif; r&Sdacs/131993 uav;oli,frsm;Oya'onf rjynfhpkHonfhtjyif jrifhrm;vmaom oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIrsm;udkvnf; wm;qD;EdkifpGrf;r&Sdojzifh jyefvnfokH;oyfjyifqif&ef vdktyfvmNyDjzpfaomfvnf; tqdkygOya'jyifqifa&;rlMurf;onf vlxktajcjyKtzGJUtpnf;rsm;xHodkY a&muf&Sdvmjcif; r&Sdao;acs/14

9 urÇmhukvor*¾ taxGaxGnDvmcH - uav;oli,frsm; tcGifhta&;qdkif&m oabmwlpmcsKyf - 1989 Edk0ifbm20/ urÇmhukvor*¾? oabmwlpmcsKyfqdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;? twGJ - 1577/10 jrefrmEdkifiHtaejzifh uav;oli,frsm; tcGifhta&;qdkif&m aumfrwDudk aemufqkH;wifjycJhaom 2012 ckESpfwGifuav;oli,frsm;\ vdifydkif;qdkif&m rw&m;jyKusifhcH&rIrsm;udk jrefrmEdkifiHu 1993 uav;oli,fOya't&vkHavmufpGm tumtuG,fray;EdkifrItay: aumfrwDu pdk;&drfrdaMumif; azmfjycJhonf/ - urÇmhukvor*¾uav;oli,frsm; tcGifhta&;qdkif&m aumfrwD - tpdk;&tiftm;pkrS wifoGif;vmaom tpD&ifcHpmrsm;udk okH;oyfjcif;- Zefe0g&D 16 - azazmf0g&D 3? 2012/11 jrefrm&mZowfBuD;yk'fr? 1861/ jyefay;qGJjcif;? t"r®ac:aqmifjcif;? uGsefjyKjcif;ESifh t"r®apcdkif;jcif;tydkif;/12 jrefrm&mZowfBuD;yk'fr? 1861/ yk'fr - 375/13 uav;oli,frsm;Oya'(Oya'trSwf 9/93)? jrefrmEdkifiH/14 usL;vGefolrsm;udk jypf'PfydkrdkcsrSwfEdkif&eftwGuf uav;oli,frsm;Oya'udk jyefvnfokH;oyfjyifqifrnf -

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Jolliffe wdkYu 2016 atmufwdkbmvwGif xkwfa0aom Ethnic Armed Actors and Justice Provision in

Myanmar udk avhvmzwf½SKyg/19 w&m;½kH;rsm;twGif; 0efaqmifrIrsm; wdk;wufvG,fulvmap&ef aqmif&Gufjcif;onf jrefrmw&m;a&;r@dKif\2015-17 &nfrSef;csufjzpfaomfvnf; a'ocHwdkY\ rdcifbmompum;jzifh w&m;a&;0efaqmifrI&&Sdaeaom ae&mr&Sdacs/ - 2014 jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdkifiHawmf? jynfaxmifpkw&m;½kH;csKyf\ Advancing Justice Together:

Judiciary strategic plan (2015-2017) udk Munfh&ef/20 taxGaxGtkyfcsKyfa&;XmeESifhywfoufí ydkrdkod&Sdvdkygu The Asia Foundation & Myanmar Development

Resource Institute’s Center for Economic and Social Development u 2014 atmufwdkbmvwGifxkwfa0aom Administering the State in Myanmar: An overview of the General Administration

Department, Discussion Papper No. 6, Subnatioonal Governance in Myanmar Discussion Paper

Series udk zwf½SK&ef/


18 19 20

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21 jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEdkifiHawmf zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya' - 2008? tydk'f- 232/22 The Asia Foundation rS McCartan, Brain, ESifh Kim Jolliffe wdkYu 2016 atmufwdkbmvwGif xkwfa0aomEthnic Armed Actors and Justice Provision in Myanmar udk zwf½SK&ef/23 þu@twGuf owif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk rGefjynfopfygwD aus;&GmESifh NrdKUe,fOuú|rsm;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;NyD; &,lcJhjcif; jzpfonf/ ydkrdkod&Sdvdkygu The Asia Foundation rS McCartan, Brain, ESifh Kim

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37 acsmif;qHkNrdKUe,fwGif touf (74) t&G,f tbdk;tdku touf (16) ESpft&G,f ausmif;oludk t"r®jyKusifh?rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif; - 2015 azazmf0g&D 2/38 rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif; e,fowif;axmufu ay;ydkYvmaom ykHESdyfrxkwfa0&ao;onfh trIjzpfpOf/39 rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;u wyfrawmfom;rsm;u trsdK;orD;rsm;tay: usL;vGefcJhaom vdiftMurf;zufrIjzpfpOfrsm;pGmudk rSwfwrf;wifcJhonf/ tus,fodvdkygu tvkH;pkHysufokOf;jcif; (Laid Waste) 2009 arvESifhppfwef;vsm;odkY tvSavSsmufjcif; (Catwalks to the Barracks) 2005 Zlvdkif udk Munfh½SK&ef/


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44 tao;pdwf od&Sdvdkygu urÇmhukvor*¾ Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women

(UN Women)u 2016 ckESpfwGif xkwfa0aom Justice Base -Voices from the Intersection: Women’s

access to justice in the plural legal system in Myanmar udk Munfh½SK&ef/45 oHjzLZ&yfNrdKUe,fwGif touf (9) t&G,f rdef;uav;udk t"r®jyKusifh&ef BuHpnfrI jzpfyGm; - rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif; - 2017 - Zefe0g&Dv 17/46 rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif; e,fowif;axmufu ay;ydkYvmaom ykHESdyfrxkwfa0&ao;onfh trIjzpfpOf/


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80 rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;u xkwfa0jcif;rjyKvkyf&ao;aom rdpm;'g;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;jcif;/


oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufolrsm;udk xdxda&mufa&muf ta&;r,lbJ oufnSmpGmpD&ifaejcif;onf w&m;Oya'u jynfolvlxkrsm;udk vkHavmufaom umuG,frIay;Ekdifjcif;r&Sd[laom tawG;tac:ay:aygufvm&jcif;\ t"du taMumif;&if;jzpfonf/

]jypf'Pfuawmh awmfawmfav; oufnSmygw,f/ w&m;&ifqkdifwJhumv?tcsKyfxJrSm ae&wJh umvudk EIwfvdkuf&if axmif'Pfu b,favmufrS rusefawmhbl;/ tJawmh axmifuvGwfvmjyef&ifvnf; tJvdkjypfrIudk xyfusL;vGefwmygyJ/'ghtjyif vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGifheJY vGwfvmwJh tusOf;om;awGvnf; renf;bl;/ axmifuswm b,favmufrS rMumao;bl;? vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGifheJY vGwfvmjyefw,f}(rGeftrsdK;orD;tpnf;t½kH;rS rduGef;csef;EGefESifh awGUqkHar;jref;jcif;)81

]oufi,frk'drf;rIu w&m;½kH;udk a&mufoGm;vnf;yJ jypfrIeJYjypf'Pfu rrSswbl;/ tJawmh olwdkY(jynfol)awGu trIrSefay:zdkYudk rBudK;pm;awmhbl;/ vlawGuw&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;ukd t,kHtMunfenf;awmh w&m;rSswrIudk vufavSsmhvdkufMuw,f} (rGeftrsdK;orD;rsm;uGef&ufrS rdcs,f&Dpdk;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;jcif;)82

81 rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;u xkwfa0jcif;rjyKvkyf&ao;aom rduGef;csef;EGefESifh awGUqkHar;jref;jcif;/82 rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;u xkwfa0jcif;rjyKvkyf&ao;aom rdcs,f&Dpdk;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;jcif;/


tcef; (6)

tBuHjyKcsufrsm;

1) jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEdkifiHawmftpdk;&odkY

&Sif;vif;wdusNyD; acwfESifhavsmfnDaom wpfEdkifiHvkH;qkdif&m uav;oli,fumuG,fa&;rl0g'udk csrSwf&ef/

jrefrmEkdifiH\ w&m;pD&ifa&;Xmersm;wGifvnf;aumif;? jrefrmEkdifiHjynfolY&JwyfzGJUESifh qufqHaqmif&Guf&mwGifvnf;aumif; a'ocHwdkY\ bmompum;udk tokH;jyKEdkif&efESifh w&m;a&;qdkif&mOya'rsm;? enf;Oya'rsm;ESifh vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;udk a'ocHwdkY\ bmompum;jzifh jyefqdkxkwfa0xm;&Sd&ef/

w&m;a&;r@dKifESif h w&m;pD&ifa&;Xmersm;wGif trsdK;orD;rsm; yd krd kyg0ifvm&efESif htrsdK;orD;w&m; olBuD;rsm; ydkrdkay:xGef;vm&eftwGuf tm;ay;ulnD&ef/

w&m;a&;r@dKifESifh w&m;pD&ifa&;Xmersm;wGif yg0ifywfoufaeaom w&m;a&;ESifh tkyfcsKyfa&;Xmersm;tjyif tiftm;pktm;vkH;udk usm;r ra&G; vdiftMurf;zufrIESifh usm;r(vdif)wef;wlnDrItaMumif;ynmay;&ef/

w&m;a&;ESifh tkyfcsKyfa&;Xmersm;twGif; jzpfyGm;aeaom tusifhysufjcpm;rIrsm;udk tqkH;owf&efESifh wdkifMum;vmaom vdiftMurf;zufrIjzpfpOfrsm;udk tMurf;zufcH&olrsm;tm; tjypfwifjcif;r&SdbJ?usL;vGefolrsm;ESifh nSdEIdif;aqmif&Gufjcif;r&SdbJ rSswaumif;rGefpGm pkHprf;ppfaq;&ef/

acwåem;cdk&mXmersm;? apmifha&Smufa&;a*[mrsm; zGifhvSpfNyD; vdiftMurf;zufcH&olrsm;tm;umuG,fapmifha&SmufrIay;&ef/

vdiftMurf;zufrIESifhywfoufaom vGJrSm;aom a&S;½kd;tjrifrsm;udk tjrpfjywf y,fazsmuf&eftwGuf pmoifausmif;rsm;ESifh vkyfief;cGifrsm;wGif vdifynmay;a&;ESifh usm;r(vdif)wef;wla&;todynmay; oifMum;&ef/

qif;&JrGJawrIwdkufzsufa&;udk t&SdefjrSifhvkyfaqmif&efESifh pD;yGm;a&;tqifrajyaom rdom;pkrsm;udk Oya'a&;&m axmufyHhulnDrIrsm; ay;tyf&ef/


2) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfodkY

vdiftMurf;zufrIudk cGifhjyKtm;ay;aom w&m;Oya'yk'frrSeforSsudk y,fzsuf&ef/

oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrItwGuf oD;oefYw&m;Oya'rsm;? yk'frrsm; twnfjyKjyXmef;&efESifhoufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIusL;vGefolrsm;tm; jypfrIESifhxkdufwefaom jypf'Pfrsm; csrSwfEdkifa&;twGufOya'rsm; jyXmef;&ef/

trsdK;orD;rsm;tay: tMurf;zufjcif;udk xda&mufpGm umuG,fEdkif&eftwGuf vlxktajcjyKtzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh wdkifyifaqG;aEG;NyD; wpfEdkifiHvkH;qdkif&mrl0g' csrSwf&efESifh trsdK;orD;ESifh uav;tcGifhta&;rsm;udk umuG,fjrSifhwif&ef/

1993 uav;oli,frsm;Oya'udk jyifqifjznfhpGufEdkif&eftwGuf vlxktajcjyKtzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh aqG;aEG;wdkifyifvkyfaqmif&efESifh xdkodkYjyifqif&mwGif tMurf;zufrIESifh oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIrsm;udk umuG,fay;onfh Oya'rsm; yg0ifatmif vkyffaqmif&ef/

3) taxGaxGtkyfcsKyfa&;OD;pD;XmeodkY

jynfaxmifpk? jynfe,f? wdkif;ESifh &yfaus;taxGaxGtkyfcsKyfa&;OD;pD;Xmeu vufcH&&SdaomvdiftMurf;zufrItm;vkH;udk jrefrmEdkifiH&JwyfzGJUxHokdY taMumif;Mum;wifjy&ef/

½dk;&mtpOftvmenf;vrf;rsm;udk tokH;jyKNyD; vdiftMurf;zufrIrsm;udk ajz&Sif;aejcif;tm;&yfwefY&efESifh ESpfOD;ESpfzufndSEIdif;NyD; avsmfaMu;ay;acsjcif;jzifh vdiftMurf;zufrI &mZ0wfrIudk &yfaus;tqifhwGif ajz&Sif;aejcif;tm; &yfwefY&ef/

4) rGefjynfopfygwDodkY

vdiftMurf;zufrItm;vkH;udk aus;&Gm? NrdKUe,fESifh c½dkiftkyfcsKyfa&;Xmersm;rSwqifh rGefjynfopfygwD\ w&m;pD&ifa&;A[kdaumfrwDodkY wifjyí tqkH;tjzwfcH,l&ef/

rGefjynfopfygwD\ tkyfcsKyfa&;tqifhtm;vkH;wGif vdiftMurf;zufrIrsm;udk ajz&Sif;&mü ESpfOD;ESpfzufndSEIdif;jcif;ESifh avsmfaMu;aiGjzifh ausat;apjcif;wdkYudk ajz&Sif;rIenf;vrf;rsm;tjzpf tokH;jyKaejcif;tm; tqkH;owf&ef/


rGefjynfopfygwD\ w&m;pD&ifa&;aumfrwDwGif trsdK;orD;tzGJU0ifrsm; ydkrdkyg0ifvmap&ef/

rGefjynfopfygwD\ w&m;pD&ifa&;Xmersm;wGif yg0ifywfoufaeaom w&m;a&;ESifh tkyfcsKyfa&;Xmersm;tjyif tiftm;pktm;vkH;udk usm;r ra&G; vdiftMurf;zufrIESifh usm;r(vdif)wef;wlnDrItaMumif; ynmay;&ef/

5) vlxktajcjyKtzGJUtpnf;rsm;odkY

vdiftMurf;zufrIjyóemESifhywfoufaom owday;vIHUaqmfrIrsm;ESifh ynmay;ydkYcsrIrsm;udkqufvufvkyfaqmifoGm;&ef/

jynfolvlxkrsm; txl;ojzifh aus;vufaejynfolrsm;tm; vdiftMurf;zufrIqkdif&m? uav;oli,ftcGifhta&;qdkif&m? oufi,fvdiftMurf;zufrIESifhoufqdkifaom w&m;Oya'ESifh w&m;a&;vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;qdkif&mudpö&yfrsm;udk ynmay;ydkYcs&ef/ xdkodkYydkYcs&mwGif vlwef;pm;tm;vkH; txl;ojzifh&yfaus;tkyfcsKyfa&;rª;rsm;yg yg0ifap&ef/

vdiftMurf;zufrIESifhywfoufaom a&S;½kd;tjrifrsm;udk wkdufzsufajymif;vJypfEdkifaom ynmay;rIrsm;udk vkyfaqmif&ef/

vdiftMurf;zufcH&olrsm;tm; tm;ay;ulnDaxmufyHh&efESifh tvm;wlvkyfaqmif&ef jynfolvlxkrsm;tm; wkdufwGef;tm;ay;&ef/

6) tjynfjynfqdkif&mtodkif;t0dkif;rsm;odkY

vdiftMurf;zufrI? uav;oli,ftcGifhta&;ESif h trsdK;orD;pGrf;&nfjrSifhwifa&;qdkif&maxmufyHhulnDrIrsm;ESifh ynmay;rIrsm;udk qufvufvkyfaqmifoGm;&ef/

trsdK;orD;rsm;tay: tMurf;zufrIykHpHtm;vkH; yaysmufa&;qdkif&m oabmwlpmcsKyf The

Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)

ESifh uav;oli,ftcGifhta&;qdkif&m oabmwlpmcsKyf The Convention on the Child Right (CRC)

udk av;pm;vkdufem taumiftxnfazmf&ef jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEdkifiHawmftpdk;&tm; zdtm;ay;wkdufwGef;&ef/


pOf &ufpGJ ae&m t ouf

vlrs dK ; tMurf;zufrIykHpH usL;vGefol

1 2013 'DZifbm

a&;NrdKUe,f 13 rGef t"r®jyKusifhjcif;t"r®ac:aqmifjcif;

wyfrawmf

2 2014 oxkHNrdKUe,f 13 Arm t"r®jyKusifhjcif; tpfudkawmfpyfol

3 2014 ZGefv

a&jzLNrdKUe,f 11 rGef t"r®jyKusifhjcif;t"r®ac:aqmifjcif;owfjzwfjcif;

trnfrod

5 2014 'DZifbm

a&;NrdKUe,f 4 rGef t"r®jyKusifhjcif; tdrfeD;em;csif;

4 2014 'DZifbm

acsmif;qkHNrdKUe,f 16 rGef t"r®jyKusifhjcif;Ncdrf;ajcmufjcif;

tdrfeD;em;csif;

6 2015 rk'kHNrdKUe,f 17 rGef t"r®jyKusifhjcif;Ncdrf;ajcmufjcif;

OD;av;awmfpyfol

7 2015 rk'kHNrdKUe,f 17 rGef t"r®ac:aqmifjcif;rw&m; vufxyfaygif;oif;jcif;

tdrfeD;em;csif;

8 2015 rwf

rk'kHNrdKUe,f 13 rGef t"r®ac:aqmifjcif;t"r®jyKusifhjcif;

trnfrod

9 2015 rwf

armfvNrdKifNrdKUe,f 14 Arm t"r®ac:aqmifjcif;t"r®jyKusifhjcif;Ncdrf;ajcmufjcif;

tdrfeD;em;csif;

10 2015 {NyD

armfvNrdKifNrdKUe,0f 3 ytdkY/ Arm

t"r®jyKusifhjcif; tjyif;txefem usifapjcif;

OD;av;awmfpyfol

11 2015 ar bk&m;okH;qlNrdKUe,f 14 rGeft"r®jyKusifhjcif;emusifapjcif;

tdrfeD;em;csif;

12 2015 ZGef

armfvNrdKifNrdKUe,f 10 Arm t"r®jyKusifhjcif; tdrfeD;em;csif;


13 2016 ZGef

a&;NrdKUe,f 9 rGeft"r®jyKusifhjcif;Ncdrf;ajcmufjcif;tjyif;txefemusifapjcif;

tdrfeD;em;csif;

14 2016 ZGef

&;NrdKUe,f 4 rod t"r®ac:aqmifjcif; owfjzwfjcif;

15 2016 Mo*kwf

a&;NrdKUe,f 17 rod t"r®ac:aqmifjcif; vlpdrf;

16 2016 pufwifbm

Mumtif;qdyfBuD; NrdKUe,f

16 rod t"r®jyKusifhjcif;vlukeful;jcif;

vlpdrf;

17 2016 pufwifbm

armfvNrdKifNrdKUe,f 8 rod t"r®jyKusifhjcif; tpfudk0rf;uGJawmfpyfol

18 2016 Edk0ifbm

oHjzLZ&yfNrdKUe,f 9 rod t"r®jyKusifh&ef BuHpnfjcif; tdrfeD;em;csif;

19 2016 Edk0ifbm

usdKufra&mNrdKUe,f 15 rod t"r®jyKusifhjcif; Ncdrf;ajcmufjcif;

zcifjzpfol

20 2017 Zefe0g&D

armfvNrdKifNrdKUe,f 9 rodt"r®jyKusifhjcif;Ncdrf;ajcmufjcif;emusifapjcif;

OD;av;awmfpyfol

r Swfcsuf/ / tdrfeD;em;csif;[lonf usL;vGefcH&ol\ ywf0ef;usiftwGif; usifvnfvIyf& Sm;aeaomolrsm;ESifh omrefjynfolrsm;xJ jynfolrsm;udk qdkvd konf/

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Transcript of tarSmifcef;u tyfusoH - rehmonnya.org · 4 rGefjynfvlYtcGifhta&;azmifa';&Sif;? 2017 rwfv rmwdum 1)...