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: : : 1992 8 19 : 02048 : : 2014 6 30

(142-728) 419 123() TEL : 02)901-2574, 900-4300FAX : 02)901-2544Homepage : http://www.kinu.or.krE-mail : kinups@kinu.or.kr

2014

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: 10,000ISSN 1229-6112

.

23 1 2014

/ 1

: / 41

(814)

/ 67

:

/ 91

:

/ 129

/ 157

23 1 2014

General ArticlesThe Effects of Work Type in North Korea on North Korean Migrants Employment in

South Korea Wha-Soon Kim

A Feasibility Analysis Regarding Discussion on the Collapse of North Korea and Tasks:

to Recognize and Minimize the Side Effects Hwee-Rhak Park

Evaluation of 814 Agreement and Developmental Improvement of Gaesong Industrial Complex Kook-Yeol Bae

Protection of North Korea Works and Berne Convention Joo-Hyoung Lee

The North Koreas Accommodation of Foreign Cultures and Its Cultural Strategy:

A Focus on the Analysis of North Korean Television Broadcast Mi-Yeong Jeon

A Study on Cognition and Interest toward DPRK among Media Users

Young-Chul Chung, Seok-Jin Lew, Hee-Jung Cho, Hyun-Chin Lim, Tae-Kyoon Kim,

Jong-Won Kim, Han-Na Kim, Hun-A Lee and So-Ra Im

Unification Policy Studies Vol. 23, No. 1, 2014

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>>> 39

Abstract

The Effects of Work Type in North Korea on North Korean Migrants Employment in South Korea

Wha-Soon Kim

North Korean Migrants poor employment situation in the South Korean labor market including their high unemployment rate and low wage level have raised many debates over the causes of such problems. As the causes of the employment problems, previous studies have pointed out North Korean Migrants inadequacies and weak employment intention, South Koreans prejudice and exclusiveness, etc., but the importance of the cohort effect of North Korean Migrantswork experiences on their current employment has been overlooked.

Recognizing this problem and giving attention to North Korean residents work experiences, the present researcher conducted the third and conclusive study, following the previous studies A Study on North Korean Residents Work Types and Determinants of North Korean ResidentsWork Type in the Period of Marketization. The conclusion drawn from this study is that there is a significant causal relation between work type in North Korea before migration and employment in South Korea after migration, and the probability of employment or the basic livelihood benefit takeup rate is significantly different according to whether one had an formal work, informal work, or both formal and informal work in North Korea.

According to the results of binomial logit and multiple regression with data collected from 413 North Korean migrants living in Seoul and sampled through quota sampling based on the year of entry, etc., both work type and education level in North Korea had a significant positive effect on North Korean migrants employment in South Korea. An interesting finding was that the probability of employment in South Korea was higher in work types with more market economic activities (informal work>both formal and informal work>formal work) in North Korea. Contrary to expectation, the probability of employment was lowest in those who had been engaged in an formal work in North Korea. What is more, work types with more market economic activities in North Korea showed a lower probability of being a basic livelihood benefit recipient, and consequently those with an informal work were less dependent on the government than those with an formal/both formal and informal work.

The most important finding from this study is that work experience in a North Korean market enhanced economic adaptability to the South Korean labor market significantly. This suggests that North Korean migrantsexperience in working at a market in North Korea can be more useful as human resource than experience in an formal work.

40

The government has so far classified North Korean migrants experienced in an informal work into unemployed, but such a job classification system for North Korean migrants needs to be reconsidered. It is expected than future progress in the marketization of North Korea may bring improvement in the development of human resources or market adaptability among North Korean residents.

Key Words: Work Type, North Korean Migrants, Marketization of North Korea, Informal Sectors in North Korea, Employment, North Korean Work, North Korean Labor, Basic Livelihood Benefit

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Cooperation (San Francisco: Asia Foundation, September 2009). p. 2.

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12Paul B. Stares and Joel S. Wit, Preparing for Sudden Change in North Korea, Council

Special Report No. 42 (New York: Council on Foreign Relations, January 2009).13

Center for U.S.-Korea Policy, North Korean Contingency Planning and U.S.-ROK

Cooperation, pp. 620.14

, Peter Hays and David F. Von Hippel, DPRK Collpase Pathways: Implications

for the Energy Sector and for Strategies Redevelopment/Support, The Korea Project:

Planning for the Long Term (University of South California Korean Studies Institute

Conference, 2010.8.20.21. Revised Draft 2010.9.14).15

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20David Lai, Busting the Myths About the North Korea Problem, (: 2014.5.25). 21

Bruce W. Bennett, Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse.22 , 2014 4 9.23

Andrew Scobell, Projecting Pyongyang: The Future of North Koreas Kim Jong Il

Regime, pp. 725. 24

, : (: , 2011), pp. 233252.

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32Andrew Scobell, Projecting Pyongyang: The Future of North Koreas Kim Jong Il

Regime, p. 25. 33

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David Lai, Busting the Myths About the North Korea Problem, pp. 23.36

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43Paul B. Stares and Joel S. Wit, Preparing for Sudden Change in North Korea, p. 7;

Bruce Klingner, New Leaders, Old Dangers: What North Korean Succession Means for

the U.S., Backgrounder, No. 2397 (Washington D.C.: Heritage Foundation, April 2010),

p. 10. 44

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45Doug Bando, The Complex Calculus of a North Korean Collapse, The National

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50, , pp. 164165.

51Bruce W. Bennett, Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse, p. 51.

52Center for U.S.-Korea Policy, North Korean Contingency Planning and U.S.-ROK

Cooperation, p. 21.

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54Bruce W. Bennett and Jennifer Lind, The Collapse of North Korea: Military Missions

and Requirements, International Security, Vol. 36, No. 1 (Fall 2011), p. 93.55Ibid., p. 96.

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62Bruce W. Bennett, Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse, pp. 56.

63, , , 15 (, 2009), pp. 67.

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73Paul B. Stares and Joel S. Wit, Preparing for Sudden Change in North Korea, p. 30.

74 . Paul B. Stares and Joel

S. Wit, Preparing for Sudden Change in North Korea, p. 22. 75

, : , p. 21.76

Paul B. Stares and Joel S. Wit, Preparing for Sudden Change in North Korea, p. 36.

>>> 59

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80Julian Ryall, China Plans for North Korea Regime Collapse, The Daily Telegraph,

May 5, 2014.81 , 2014 1 13.82

, (R2P) :

, pp. 148149.83

Center for U.S.-Korea Policy, North Korean Contingency Planning and U.S.-ROK

Cooperation, p. 21. 84

, , p. 89.85

, , , Vol. 20 ( , 2007), p. 81.

86Bruce W. Bennett, Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse, pp. 274277.

60

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88Bruce W. Bennett and Jennifer Lind, The Collapse of North Korea: Military Missions

and Requirements, p. 118.89

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Bando, Doug. The Complex Calculus of a North Korean Collapse. The National

Interest. January 9, 2014.

Bennett, Bruce W. and Lind, Jennifer. The Collapse of North Korea: Military

Missions and Requirements. International Security. Vol. 36, No. 1, Fall

2011.

Bennett, Bruce W. Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse. Santa

Monica, CA: RAND, 2013.

Center for U.S.-Korea Policy. North Korean Contingency Planning and U.S.-ROK

Cooperation. San Francisco: Asia Foundation, September 2009.

Hays, Peter and David F. Von Hippel. DPRK Collpase Pathways: Implications for

the Energy Sector and for Strategies Redevelopment/Support. The Korea

Project: Planning for the Long Term. University of South California

Korean Studies Institute Conference, 2010.8.20.21. Revised Draft 2010.9.14.

Klingner, Bruce. New Leaders. Old Dangers: What North Korean Succession

Means for the U.S. Backgrounder (Heritage Foundation). No. 2397, April

7, 2010.

Lai, David. Busting the Myths About the North Korea Problem. (:

2014.5.25).

Scobell, Andrew. Projecting Pyongyang: The Future of North Koreas Kim Jong

Il Regime. A Monograph of Strategic Studies Institute. (: 2014.5.25).

Stares, Paul B. and Wit, Joel S. Preparing for Sudden Change in North Korea.

>>> 65

Council Special Report No. 42, New York: Council on Foreign Relations,

January 2009.

3.

..

Ryall, Julian. China Plans for North Korea Regime Collapse. The Daily Telegraph.

May 5, 2014.

66

Abstract

A Feasibility Analysis Regarding Discussion on the Collapse of North Korea and Tasks:

to Recognize and Minimize the Side Effects

Hwee-Rhak Park

Discussions over the collapse of North Korea began as a hope to connect the possible North Korean collapse to the unification on the Korean Peninsula. However, they made South Korea to divert from a peaceful reunification through co-existence with North Korea. They made the South-North relations more antagonistic than before.

Actually, the possibility of the North Korean collapse seems to be very low contrary to the belief in those discussions. South Korea does not have much legitimate cause to intervene in North Korean instability. South Korea should overcome serious obstacles, before it deploys its military forces into North Korea. South Korea has endured huge side effects for this not much possibile scenario, the collapse of North Korea.

South Korean people should recognize the side effects and minimize discussions on this issue. It should emphasize its goodwill by assisting in North Korean stabilization efforts in case of North Korean unrest. However, as a contingency plan, it can persuade international society for the recognition of its inherent right to intervene in North Korean affairs, strengthen its contacts with North Korean people and take necessary measures to pass the De-militarized Zone as fast as it can, if necessary.

Key Words: North Korea Collapse, North Korea, North Korea Instability, North Korea Stabilization

>>> 67

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90

Abstract

Evaluation of 814 Agreement and Developmental Improvement of Gaesong Industrial Complex

Kook-Yeol Bae

There was an event Gaesong Industrial Complex was suspended and restarted op-eration, in 2013. Through this event, I evaluated the agreement between authorities of North-South(hereinafter referred to as 814 agreement) for re-operation of Gaesong Industrial Complex. Also, I insist Gaesong Industrial Complex has to be improved one step further. I evaluated 814 agreement was for normalization of Gaesong Industrial Complex (version 1.5) and 104 agreement in 2007 was to expand Gaesong Industrial Complex(version 2.0). Furthermore, I prospected implementation of 814 agreement will be completed in the near future. This paper presents that current Gaesong Industrial Complex(3.3) was a pilot project for the formation of inter-Korean economic community. At this point, 10 years have passed since Gaesong Industrial Complex was developed, I insisted Gaesong Industrial Complex should be main project. To do so, the North and South have to promote the second stage of development. Also they have to resolve North Korean nuclear issue and promote the activation of Gaesong Industrial Complex by two tracks. And then, by sharing the role between the government and pri-vate investors, Gaesong Industrial Complex must be operated by the private sector. North and South need to promote the agreement to treaty in order to request the im-plementation of obligations under the international law to the other party.

Key Words: Gaesong Industrial Complex, North-South Agreements, Inter-Korean Economic Community, North Korean Nuclear Issue, Treaty

>>> 91

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University Press, 2003.

Jennings, Robert and Arthur Watts. Oppenheims International Law(9th ed.).

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Abstract

Protection of North Korea Works and Berne Convention

Joo-Hyoung Lee

In the cases of copyright of North Korean literary productions in South Korea, South Koreas courts have consistently declared that South Korean copyright law could immedi-ately be applied to such cases based Constitution of South Korea. North Koreas joining of the Berne Convention in 2003 is very meaningful in the respects that another legal basis for protection of North Korean works in South Korea has been added and that we are also able to ask North Korea to guarantee the national treatment principles and the minimum rights principles of the Convention in the case of copyright infringement of South Korean literary works in North Korea. But, there still remain some problems in directly applying Berne Conventions clauses regarding applicable law to those cases because the two parties have never approved each other as a country and Article 3 of the Constitution which has priority over those clauses in South Korea, still has regulatory power in South Korea.

Key Words: Disapproval of the State, Works, Berne Convention, North Korea, Japan

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