Hô hấp và bảo quản nông sản

8/13/2019 H hp v bo qun nng sn

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TRNG I HC S PHM THNH PH H CH MINHKHOA SINH HC LP SINH 3B

SINH L THC !TNH"M #

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GH$% T&' L( T)* T+,-.

T)'& L/0-. T)* L1 T)0

STH% L( H2-. T)45 5-)

N.,67- T)* T)89

L: H;-.


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H hp thc vt Sinh III - B

TPHCM= N.>?6 @# )>-. -D9 @

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MEC LEC

I. LCH S NGHIN CU........................................................................................4II. H HP THC VT.........................................................................................4

A. Khi qut v h hp thc vt.........................................41. h!i ni"#$ .................................................................................................. 4

2. Ph%&n' ()*nh h h+, (n' /!($ ..................................................................0

B. C ch h hp thc vt..................................................5

a. hp !" !h#....................................................................$. H h+, hi/ 3h..................................................................................................5

C. hp %ng.....................................................................&'

(. h)*p va+v)*n ,+a/0 qua/n nng %a/n th12c ph)/3............&

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@' P)/0-. +Z-) ) )U [-. ,4%C$&Q_$e $_Qf$C_Qe $Q_ e :9ng 61Ong \nhiIt e ATd^

B' C0 X)\ ) )U V )WX QY

' NG PHN

]+3 &' pha/n 1*ng 9*t ,)+u 6a+]6uc0% va+!*t thu*c 6a+ta20 Q ph)n t1/d7ruvat

u*t ca/qua*tri+nh ta20 ra ,12c QATd va+ Q:A(.

Trang 0

@ A]^6_ C2A `@ X>Xa2-b

CREP

4C_Q

QA(

e

$:A(e

$:A(

QA(

Q

QATd

QA(d

,U tY3 tt chu trNnh Kr%

Chu trNnh Kr% Chuji chu7/n ,i2n t1/k1`ng ph)n

]6uc0% \$ cac0n^]6uc0% \$ cac0n^ATd

A(d

ATd

A(d:

A(

:A

(e

:A

(e:A(QA

TdQATd

AJit p7ruvicAJit p7ruvic

\ cac0n^\ cac0n^

AJit p7ruvicAJit p7ruvic

\ cac0n^\ cac0n^ ,U tY3 tt qu trNnh ,1`ng ph)n


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@' H )?) )' H )U ce c)f Ln men:

AJit p7ruvic in ,li

th0 c0n ,1`ng 73 !h#th0 cc hNnh thXc 6n

3n tP0 ra cc hOp cht,n giLn hn cMn chXanhiu n9ng 61Ong.

TG7 thuc vH0 %Ln phm3

hNnh thHnh tr0ng qutrNnh 6n 3n ng1`i ta

ph)n iIt cc Png 6n3n 6n 3n r1Ou< 6n

3n 6actic< ut7rico

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Ln men acid lactic

Ln men ru

a' H )U)5\, c)f

kiu !iIn !hi cY 0Ji

Chu trNnh Crp in ratr0ng c cht ca ti thb.

A.p7ruvic \!h C_Q< tch

Q^ AJt76 C0A e

Q:A( Kr% $:A( e QA(QeQATd

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89h:;)


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3' C),g5 X),6(F- h5(d- Q>?U)2&U)2+6_ )2>

ir0 tch ra t aJit p7ruvic tr0ng chu trNnh Kr% ,12c chu7/n ,*n chu;ichu7+n ,i2n t1/va+ph0%ph0r76 h0*a.

>' C),g5 ),6i- h51- j\JL7 ra 3Hng tr0ng ti thb^ ,iIn t ,1Oc vnchu7bn t :A( ,n _Q!hng !h# nh` chuji h hp ,b tP0 nn _Q-rUi!t hOp vsi Qe,b tP0 thHnh n1sc.

C),.5>F5 X4X U)kX )lU +(- 9-.%

- C03p6J \:A(-h7r0gna%^.

Trang


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- C03p6J \uccinat h7r0gna%^

- C03p6J \-c7t0chr03 c 0Ji0ructa%^

- C03p6J \C7t0chr03 c 0Jia%^.

- ATd 7ntha%

a' P)2&U)2+6_ )m>

- kiIn t ,1Oc chu7bn qua h hp thN ta ra n9ng 61Ong

- :9ng 61Ong ,1Oc 6in !t vH0 6in !t ca0 n9ng ph0%phat ca ATd nh`phLn Xng ph0%ph0r76 hYa

A$P n P5 3@ATP

T[-. c\ -D-. _/l-.

S2 &4-) @ X0 X)\

Trang


10/16


5i9 &2 &4-) H )U c* c)f H )U )5\, c)f

_Ji Khng c)+n C)+n

:i JL7 ra T*a+0 ch)*t T7 th/

Ln phm3C_Q< r12u ti6ic h092c aJit 6actic C_Q< Q_

:9ng 61Ong t#ch

67

Khng ti*ch 6u;7 n9ng 612ng Ti*ch tu;7 Q ATd

C' H )U &4-.

(c!r \&>55^< 6ittch \&>$>^ ,S pht hiIn ra hiIn t1Ong thLi C_Q%au 3t

th`i gian chiu %ng 3t %V c)7.

:h1 v7 nh[ng c)7 nH7 cc %Ln

phm3 % cp ca quang hOp ,S wph)n hux thHnh C_Qng0Hi %ng.

hp th _QcGng vsi % thLi

C_QJL7 ra ph thuc vH0 nh%ng nn ,1Oc gZi 6H h hp %ng\quang h hp^.

:h[ng c)7 nH7 h hp ,Ung hHnh

vsi quang hOp.

hp %ng cY thb tiu ha0 Q'-

5'y %Ln phm3 ca quang hOp.

>' C), +Z-) ) )-.

Chu trNnh nH7 JL7 ra H0 quan

z Rc 6Pp

z dr0JiJ03

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z Ti thb

_Ji ,1Oc hp th Q giai ,0Pn tr0ng Q H0 quan !hc nhau

lc lp t cc %Ln phm3 ca chu trNnh Ca6vin 6H +5a,_2&^ o =p

a5&U)2&U)>^tch ra cc ,0Pn QC ,b hNnh thHnh aJit g67c06ic.

peroxyxom aJit g67c06ic w 0Ji h0 vsi % cY 3{t ca nD73

g67c06at0J7aD. u trNnh nH7 cY % hp th 0Ji vH giLi phYng Q_Q.

ty th T hai ph)n t g67Jin tP0 ra 3t ph)n t Jrin vH giLi phYng

C_Q. k)7 6H phLn Xng thn chVt |n ,n giLi phYng C_Qtr0ng h hp%ng au ,Y %rin in ,li thHnh -ph0tph0g67Jrat vH qua7 6Pi chutrNnh Ca6vin.

a' qX h5i9 Xr> ) )U &4-.%

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12/16


hp %ng 6H 3t qu trNnh cY hPi ch0 quang h2p nY 6H3 giL3

quang hOp Q'-'y< tr1`ng hOp ,{c iIt cY thb giL3 quang hOp ,n&''y.

iIn na7 ch1a cY chXng 3inh nH0 v 3{t cY 6Oi ca h hp %ng.

hp %ng !hc h hp tVi chj h hp %ng 6H qu trNnh ph thuc

nhiu vH0 0J7 vH nh %ng.

hp %ng ch 7u thc vt C3< !hng cY h0{c rt 7u thc vt C4

0 h0Pt t#nh 0J7gna% 60Hi nH7 giL3 nh` tE %V C_Q}_Qtr0ng t H0 a0Y 3Pch ca0. ~{t !hc t !N % thLi C_QnH0 t t H0 a0 Y 3Pch ,u,1Oc ,Ung hYa 6Pi i dd-car0J76a% ca t H0 thwt 6< vN v7 6H3giL3 h hp %ng. C)7 CA~ cY quang h hp 7u vH tha7 ,Vi nn !hYJc ,wnh.

hp %ng !hng tP0 th3 n9ng 61Ong< cY ngha nht ,wnh !hi giLi

phYng & %V aJit a3in.

s S2 &4-) .5:> ,>-. )lU Q ) )U V )WX QY%

t,>-. )lU H )U

C)kX -D-. :9ng 61Ong tr[ :9ng 61Ong giLi phYng

B2 ,>- Rc 6Pp Ti thb

C) )>9.5> U)u- k-.

C_Q vH Q_ C$&Q_$vH _Q

Su- U)v9 C$&Q_$ vH _Q C_QvH Q_

P)/0-. +Z-)U)u- k-.

$C_Qe $Q_ 6ightC$&Q_$ e $_Q

$_Qe C$&Q_$$C_Q e$Q_ e nrg7

hp vH quang hOp 6H hai qu trNnh %inh 6 trung t)3 ca thc vt. ~Vi

quan hI gi[a h hp vsi quang hOp !h phXc tPp. kY 6H quan hI va cPnh

tranh va hj trO 6Wn nhau. hp va cY 6Oi va cY hPi ch0 quang hOp.

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hp cung cp l %ung th3 nguUn n9ng 61Ong ATd< cung cp cc %Ln

phm3 trung gian 6H3 ngu7n 6iIu ch0 quang h2p.

Bn cPnh nh[ng tc ng t#ch cc ca h hp ,*n quang hOp< g)7 cLn tr

,ng !b ch0 quang hOp.

hp cMn cPnh tranh nguUn n9ng 61Ong nh %ng vsi quang hOp \h hp

%ng^ 0 ,Y 6H3 giL3 st nguUn n9ng 61Ong ca quang hOp.

$' H )?QF2 ,>F- --. &>F- )/dX U)


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Khng ch m ca nng phm

si cc 60Pi rau< h0a quL 6un gi[ tr0ng ,iu !iIn , m3 gWn S0 hMaFng t1si vH phun n1sc.

Khng ch nhit

Khi giL3 nhiIt , thN h hp giL3< nn ng1`i ta % ng nhiIt , thp,b L0 quLn nng %Ln phm3.

Khng ch nhit

si cc 60Pi hPt< c ,b giVng thN viIc L0 quLn tr0ng ,iu !iIn nhiIt

, thp cMn cY hiIu Xng thX hai rt quan trZng 6H chng ,1Oc Ju)nhYa. Khi ,3 gi0 trUng v %au< chng rt ngn th`i gian %inh tr1ng

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