LI M U

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Website: http://www.docs.vn Email : lienhe@docs.vn Tel (: 0918.775.368

Website: http://www.docs.vn Email : lienhe@docs.vn Tel (: 0918.775.368

Website: http://www.docs.vn Email : lienhe@docs.vn Tel (: 0918.775.368

Website: http://www.docs.vn Email : lienhe@docs.vn Tel (: 0918.775.368

Website: http://www.docs.vn Email : lienhe@docs.vn Tel (: 0918.775.368

Website: http://www.docs.vn Email : lienhe@docs.vn Tel (: 0918.775.368

Website: http://www.docs.vn Email : lienhe@docs.vn Tel (: 0918.775.368

Chuyn thc tp tt nghip

M U

1. L DO CHN TI:

Vit Nam l mt t nc c truyn thng xut khu go vi nhng chng loi sn phm go a dng v cht lng go n nh. T mt nc thiu lng thc, Vit Nam tr thnh nc c go xut khu ng th hai th gii. Trong nhng nm va qua, xut khu go Vit Nam cung cp cho th trng th gii hng triu tn go, gp phn khng nh trong t trng tng trng kinh t ca t nc. y mnh xut khu go lun c Nh nc ta quan tm v coi trng. Trn tinh thn , cng ty c phn xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm H Ni (VIHAFOODCO) khng ngng n lc trong vic y mnh xut khu go ti cc th trng ti cc nc chu , chu u, chu Phi v chu M Latinh. Trong th trng c cng ty c bit ch trng l Cu Ba. Gia nhp vo T chc Thng mi Th gii (WTO) l mt bc tin quan trng i vi xut khu lng thc ca Vit Nam ni chung v xut khu go ni ring. N m ra nhng c hi thun li cho xut khu go vo th trng Cu Ba, ng thi cng t ra nhng thch thc cn phi gii p thc y xut khu vo th trng ny mt cch hiu qu.

Trn th gii, hu ht cc sn phm go c tiu dng ch yu khu vc chu v chu Phi, vn l cc quc gia ng dn v c thi quen tiu dng go. Tuy nhin, th trng Cu Ba vn l th trng xut khu chnh v em li li nhun ln cho cng ty. Thm vo l xu hng gi lng thc tng trong nhng nm ti nn y l mt c hi tt cho nhng doanh nghip xut khu lng thc, khi khng th khng nhc ti th trng Cu Ba, mt th trng truyn thng v l bn hng lu nm ca xut khu go Vit Nam ni chung cng nh cng ty ni ring. Nhng kinh nghim qu bu tch ly trong nhiu nm giao dch vi Cu Ba khin th trng ny lun l th trng dn u v kim ngch xut khu ca cng ty VIHAFOODCO. Tuy nhin do nhiu yu t nh hng nn Cng ty khng th p ng c mt lng sn phm ln khi nhu cu th trng i hi. Chnh v nhng l do trn, vic nghin cu ti Gii php y mnh xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty c phn xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm H Ni s phn no gip cho vic thc y xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty c thun li hn trong bi cnh hi nhp kinh t v ton cu ha ang din ra nh hin nay.

2. MC CH V NHIM V NGHIN CU TI:

2.1.Mc ch nghin cu ti:

xut cc phng hng v gii php nhm y mnh hot ng xut khu go ca cng ty VIHAFOODCO sang th trng Cu Ba.

2.2. Nhim v nghin cu ti:

thc hin c mc ch trn, ti cn phi thc hin cc nhim v sau y:

- H thng ha nhng vn l lun v xut khu v cc quy nh v nhp khu go ca th trng Cu Ba.

- Phn tch v nh gi thc trng xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty VIHAFOODCO, t rt ra nhng thnh cng v nhng mt tn ti, hn ch cng nh nguyn nhn ca nhng tn ti, hn ch .

- T nh hng ca xut khu go Vit Nam v ca cng ty lng thc thc phm VIHAFOODCO sang th trng Cu Ba m d bo nhng c hi v thch thc ca cng ty VIHAFOODCO khi xut khu go sang th trng ny. Trn c s a ra cc gii php kin ngh nhm y mnh xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba.

3. I TNG NGHIN CU:

i tng nghin cu ca ti ny l nghin cu th trng go th gii cng hot ng xut khu go ca cng ty VIHAFOODCO t ra cc gii php y mnh hot ng xut khu go ca cng ty VIHAFOODCO sang th trng Cu Ba.

4. PHM VI NGHIN CU:

- V mt hng: Ch nghin cu mt hng go xut khu

- V khng gian: Gii hn vo th trng Cu Ba- V thi gian: T nm 2004 n nay v cc nm tip theo

5. KT CU CA BI VIT:

Ngoi li m u v kt lun, ton b ni dung ca bi vit c chia lm 3 chng:

Chng I: c im th trng Cu Ba v vn xut khu go ca Vit Nam sang th trng Cu Ba.Chng II : Thc trng xut khu go ca cng ty VIHAFOODCO sang th trng Cu Ba.

Chng III: Mt s gii php nhm y mnh xut khu go ca cng ty VIHAFOODCO sang th trng Cu Ba.

CHNG I

C IM TH TRNG CU BA V VN XUT KHU GO CA VIT NAM SANG TH TRNG CU BA

1.1. C IM TH TRNG CU BA1.1.1. V tr a l

Cu Ba c din tch 114.524 km2, nm vng bin Ca-ri-b, gia Bc, Trung v Nam M, c nh thm him Ty Ban Nha Cristobal Colon pht hin ra ngy 27/10/1492. L qun o gm hn 1.600 o, trong ln nht l o Cu Ba vi din tch 110.922 km2, 3/4 din tch l ng bng; sng ngi t, nh; kh hu nhit i n ho. Cu Ba c tr lng qung ni-ken ln; ngoi ra cn c qung ng, st, mng-gan, du la; t ai mu m, thch hp cho canh tc cy cng nghip (ma, c ph, thuc l...), cy n qu v chn nui i gia sc.1.1.2. c im v kinh t - chnh tr

T khi Cch mng Cu Ba thnh cng (nm 1959) n nhng nm u thp nin 70, Cu Ba c gng thot khi th c canh ma ng, a dng ho sn xut cng nghip v nng nghip. Nm 1972, Cu Ba tham gia khi SEV, c Lin X v cc nc XHCN ng u h tr v t nhng thnh tu ni bt trong xy dng kinh t. Cc ngnh kinh t chnh ca Cu Ba l: cng nghip ng ma, khai thc v ch bin ni-ken, du lch, cng nghip nh sn xut x g, ru rum, ho m phm... T cui thp k 80 v nht l u thp k 90 ca th k XX, Cu Ba ri vo thi k c bit kh khn, mt th trng v khng cn nhn c vin tr t Lin x v cc nc ng u. Bt u t cui thp nin 1980, cc khon vin tr ca Lin X cho nn kinh t qun l nh nc ca Cu Ba bt u cn kit. Trc khi Lin bang X Vit sp , Cu Ba ph thuc vo Moscow v th trng xut khu v nhng khon vin tr ti cn thit. Ngi X vit tng tr gi cao cho sn phm ng ca Cu Ba trong khi cung cp du m cho nc ny vi gi thp hn th trng. S bin mt ca cc khon tr cp khin nn kinh t Cu Ba ri vo mt giai on suy thoi nhanh chng, c gi l Giai on c bitNm 1992, Hoa K tht cht lnh cm vn thng mi. Mt s ngi tin rng iu ny c th ti s st gim tiu chun sng ti Cu Ba v chm ti im khng hong ch trong vng mt nm

T cuc Cch mng Cu Ba nm 1959, tiu chun sng ngi dn Cu Ba lun trt theo mt vng xoy i xung. Nm 1962, chnh ph a ra chnh sch phn phi lng thc, cng tr nn gt gao sau s sp ca Lin X. Ngoi ra, Cu Ba tri qua tnh trng thiu ht nh v chnh ph khng th p ng ni s gia tng nhu cu. Ti cui nm 2001, nghin cu cho thy mc sng trung bnhT nm 1993, Cu Ba tng bc iu chnh chnh sch, thi hnh mt s bin php ci cch kinh t, a t nc tng bc vt qua thi k kh khn, thc y kinh t pht trin. Quc hi kha V ca Cu Ba thng qua lut mi v hp tc, trong c cc hp tc x tn dng v dch v, hp tc x nng nghip. Theo lut mi, cc hp tc x c quyn t vch k hoch sn xut ca mnh m khng ph thuc vo B, ngnh ca Chnh ph. i vi vn s hu t liu sn xut, Cu Ba duy tr ch s hu x hi, khng t nhn ha, nhng c giao quyn s dng cc t liu sn xut cho nng dn, a dng ha kt cu s hu v kinh t hp tc x, thnh lp cc doanh nghip hn hp v p dng mt s hnh thc lin doanh kinh t quc t. Do tc ng ca nhiu loi nhn t, t nm 2002, Chnh ph Cu Ba tin hnh ti cu trc, iu chnh quy m sn xut, duy tr ngnh cng nghip ma ng, mt ngnh cng nghip mi nhn truyn thng ca kinh t Cu Ba, p ng nhu cu trong nc (khong 6-7 triu tn ng/nm); ngng hot ng 70 nng trng trng ma, 20 nh my sn xut ng v mt s c s sn xut ph tr, tit kim 300 triu USD/nm cho ngn sch nh nc.

Nm 2004, cc quan chc Cu Ba cng khai ng h ng Euro tr thnh "i trng ton cu vi ng dollar M", v hn ch ng dollar trong d tr cng nh trong thanh ton thng mi. Nhng hn ch ngy cng tng ca chnh ph Hoa K v i li ca nhng ngi M gc Cu Ba cng nh khon tin h c php mang v Cuba cng khin chnh ph Cuba tng kim sot s lu chuyn ng dollar trong nn kinh t. Trong thp k qua, ngi Cu Ba nhn c khong 600 triu ti 1 t dollar hng nm, ch yu t cc thnh vin gia nh ang sng ti M. Con s ny b nh hng bi thc t chnh ph M cm cc cng dn ca mnh gi qu 1.200 USD v Cu Ba.1.1.3. c im ca th trng Cu Ba v nhp khu goMn n chnh ca Cu Ba gi l Congr, gm cm trn u en, chui kh v salad. Go tr thnh mt sn phm khng th thiu trong ba n hng ngy ca ngi dn Cu Ba. Mi nm Cu Ba phi chi hng t dollar, l mt nc nhp khu go hng u th gii. Ngay nh La Habana, th ca Cu Ba, mi ngi dn ch c cung cp 9 liu, khong 4 k ri go mt thng. Mi nm Cuba phi c ti thiu 600 ngn tn go, nhng hin nay mi ch sn xut c khong 100 ngn tn, ch ring tnh Holguin, theo s phn phi hng nm cng phi c 5 vn tn go.

Cu ba go, du n, ng, sa, bnh m, tht, xng du... tr vi vc, tt c u phi c tem phiu. Hnh thc phn phi sn phm kh ging vi thi k bao cp trc y ti Vit Nam. Do , lng thc, thc phm cng nh cc nhu yu phm khc tr thnh vn cp thit i vi c chnh ph cng nh ngi dn Cu Ba.Lin hip La go Cu Ba nhn thy rt nhiu nhn t khc nhau tc ng ti vic km hm sn xut go trong nc. Trc ht, phi k ti thu nhp ca ngi nng dn cng nh cng nhn nng nghip ca Cu ba cn qu thp. Nhiu cng trng c gia nh cn n bp tp th. iu ny dn n vic khng th trang tri cc chi ph u vo nh ging v nguyn liu. Th hai l chnh sch gi c trong vic thu mua la go, yu t th trng cha c, gn nh rt him m hnh ch mua bn. Trong khi c nc cn thiu la go, th c nhng huyn sn xut ra khng bn c v thiu phng tin vn chuyn. Bi vy, c vng nng dn phi bn cho t thng ch bng mt na gi nh nc thu mua huyn v khng c phng tin vn chuyn. Cu Ba cng on sau thu hoch cn km. Do , ht la phi i qua nhiu ni mi tr li chnh ni lm ra n. Cu Ba cn i mi chnh sch v s dng t, chnh sch u t v chnh sch cn i lng thc ti ch mi c th khc phc mt phn tnh trng ny.Vi cc yu t k trn, nhu cu go ca Cu Ba lun lun mc cao. Mi nm nhu cu nhp khu go ca nc ny l 500.000 600.000 tn go.Chng loi go xut khu sang th trng Cu ba ch yu l go 5% tm v go 15% tm vi mc gi giao ng trong khong t 400-410 USD/tn.

1.2. KH NNG XUT KHU GO CA VIT NAM VO TH TRNG CU BA1.2.1. Khi qut tnh hnh xut khu go ca Vit Nam Tnh hnh xut khu go ca Vit Nam trong thng cui cng ca nm 2007 din ra tng i chm chp do ch gii hn vic hon thnh nhng hp ng c. Nhng doanh nghip xut khu thc hin xong cc hp ng bt u bn go cho nhng n v xut khu cn hp ng phi hon tt. Gii kinh doanh go cho rng, hot ng xut khu go ch c th ni li t thng 3/08, khi ngun cung go mi t v thu hoch la ng xun c mt y trn th trng.

Gi go xut khu lin tc tng do ngun cung khan him trong khi nhu cu th gii li rt ln. Go 5% tm Vit Nam cho bn 376 USD/tn (tng 5,9%) km go 5% tm Thi Lan 14 USD/tn. Go 25% tm l 360 USD/tn (tng 5,88%) so vi thng trc. Theo k hoch nm 2008 c nc s xut khu 4,5 triu tn go cc loi vi kim ngch 1,7 t USD, gi nguyn lng nhng tng 21,43% v tr gi so vi nm 2007.

Biu 1: Din bin gi go xut khu 5% tm 2007-2008 (USD/tn, FOB)

Ngun : Thng tin thng mi Vit Nam.

Theo s liu thng k ca Tng cc Hi quan, trong thng 12 nm 2007, c nc xut khu c 101 nghn tn, tr gi 42,2 triu USD, tng 45% v lng v 82% v tr gi so vi thng 11/07, tng 512% v lng v 655% v tr gi so vi thng 12/06. Nh vy, kt thc nm 2007, cc doanh nghip hon thnh xut sc ch tiu xut khu 4,5 triu tn go vi tng kim ngch xut khu t 1,48 t USD, gim nh 3% v lng nhng vn tng ti 16% v tr gi so vi nm 2006.Lng go ca Vit Nam xut khu qua cc thng t nm 2005- 2007 dao ng theo tng thng v tun theo chnh sch xut khu lng thc ca Chnh ph . C hin tng lng go xut khu nm sau thp hn so vi nm trc nhng gi tr xut khu vn tng do gi go tng lin tc trong khong thi gian t cui nm 2007 n u nm 2008.Biu 2: Lng go xut khu ca Vit Nam qua cc thng

(VT: Nghn tn)

Ngun: Thng tin thng mi Vit Nam.Trong thng 12/2007, cc doanh nghip trong nc tp trung xut khu nhng loi go cao cp nh go np, go thm v go ging Nht cc loi nn gi xut khu trung bnh tng vt so vi nhng thng trc , mc 416 USD/tn, cao hn 86 USD/tn so vi thng 11/07 v cao hn 106 USD/tn so vi cng k nm 2006. Nh vy, qua theo di din bin gi go t u nm n nay, nhn thy khong cch gi go xut khu ca Vit Nam vi Thi Lan b thu hp, thm ch c thi im t mc ngang gi. Tnh chung c nm 2007, gi go xut khu trung bnh t mc 329 USD/tn, tng 54 USD/tn so vi mc gi bnh qun ca nm 2006. D bo trong nm 2008, gi go xut khu ca Vit Nam tip tc tng mc rt cao do tnh trng thiu ht cc loi nng sn trn th gii vn ang tip din, c bit l trc thc trng la m ang b mt ma nn nhiu nc chuyn sang tiu th go. Trong , go 25% tm gi s trong khong t 320 USD tr ln, go 5% tm cng s gi mc 340 USD tr ln.

S liu Hi quan v th trng xut khu go trong nm 2007 cho thy, so vi nm 2006, c cu th trng xut khu c s thay i theo hng tch cc, bn cnh vic m rng thm mt s th trng mi th kh nhiu th trng khc t tc tng trng v kim ngch kh cao so vi cc nm trc, c bit l xut sang nhng th trng quen thuc nh Philippin, CuBa, Ghana v Trung Quc.1.2.2. Cu Ba Mt trong nhng th trng trng im v xut khu go ca Vit NamT u nm n nay, go Vit Nam c xut khu sang khong 90 th trng v vng lnh th, k c cc th trng EU, Nht Bn, Hoa K vn rt kht khe. Rt nhiu th trng trong s c lng nhp khu gim nhng kim ngch li tng kh so vi cng k nm trc, iu ny cho thy s ci thin r rt v gi xut khu cng nh cht lng go Vit Nam ngy cng c nh gi cao trn th trng th gii.Trong nhm 20 th trng dn u v kim ngch xut khu go trong nm 2007, c 11 th trng t mc tng trng dng. ng ch nht trong s l th trng Innxia vi mc tng trng ln ti 237% v lng v 255% v tr gi so vi nm 2006, t 1,17 triu tn, tr gi 379 triu USD, vn ln ng v tr th nh trong tp 10 th trng dn u. Tuy nhin, vn xut hin mt s th trng ln c mc tng trng m, ni bt nht l th trng Nht Bn vi kim ngch xut khu t 18,7 triu USD, tng lng xut t 64,6 nghn tn, gim 56% v kim ngch v 61% v lng so vi nm 2006.

Bng 1: 30 th trng t kim ngch xut khu go ln nht trong nm 2007

Th trngNm 2007So snh nm 2006

Lng (Tn)Tr gi (USD)Lng (%)Tr gi (%)

Philippin1,458,136466,070,763-0.5212.03

Innxia1,169,429378,979,955237.64255.61

Cu Ba431,370167,260,760-4.8027.45

Malaixia376,929115,867,041-25.37-17.14

B Bin Ng148,01045,888,349-30.69-13.61

Gana130,92139,712,39913.1439.15

ngla115,47236,202,615-36.45-23.86

Singapore82,39025,911,742-16.141.63

Nht Bn64,64018,718,676-60.88-56.56

Cng54,54616,069,099-25.14-13.13

Trung Quc42,63015,903,2993.1215.30

Tanzania50,07815,564,993-42.24-29.20

ngTimo50,30215,234,6481.9127.61

Nga38,59413,209,642-37.52-24.05

Nam Phi36,98010,908,910-64.66-56.20

Papua New Guinea32,4509,468,47526.7653.89

Mdmbic31,2509,372,850-13.556.86

Iran31,5009,315,39012,50011,931

i Loan19,5217,855,140118.60237.59

Camrun25,9427,750,236-41.24-29.67

Benin14,7704,549,160196.88267.96

Kenya13,0623,954,350-79.23-74.35

Ukraina9,8353,159,567-2.4215.69

Gabng9,9853,042,493-7.576.69

Afgakistan9,2502,835,12515.6330.23

Angiri8,4562,682,655-82.67-78.84

Brunei8,2972,592,010-28.07-13.54

H Lan4,0271,464,420812.74923.22

UAE3,7571,219,90864.0883.11

Hungary2,3881,107,752**

Ngun: Thng tin thng mi Vit NamRing trong thng 12/2007, cc doanh nghip Vit Nam ch xut khu go sang 24 th trng. Lng cng nh kim ngch xut khu sang cc th trng u mc kh thp, ch c 2 th trng t mc xut khu trn 10 nghn tn. Trong Cu Ba, Innxia, B Bin Ng, Malaixia v Singapore l nhng th trng xut khu nhiu nht. Dn u l CuBa vi lng xut t 42,75 nghn tn, tr gi 21,7 triu USD, tng mnh ti 8.450% v lng v tng 13.585% v tr gi so vi thng 11/2007. Trong khi , xut khu sang Phillippin th trng tiu th go ln nht ca nc ta ch t vn vn 3 nghn tn, tr gi xp x 1,1 triu USD, gim 25% v lng v 24,4% v tr gi so vi thng 11/07, nhng vn cao hn cng k nm trc 142% v lng v 148% v tr gi.Bng 2: Cc th trng xut khu go trong thng 12/2007

Th trngThng 12/07So snh T11/07So snh T12/06

Lng (Tn)Tr gi (USD)Lng (%)Tr gi (%)Lng (%)Tr gi (%)

Cuba 42,75021,739,4708,45013,585**

Innxia 23,9007,348,400-13.09-14.42338.93204.70

B bin Ng 5,8672,523,030761.53756.62**

Malaysia 5,8211,886,230-80.36-79.753,859.862,179.71

Singapore 3,9191,238,992116.7679.8488.32117.06

ng Timo 3,2601,189,32838.7250.62**

Philipine 3,0251,092,513-25.31-24.43142.00148.72

Trung Quc 2,540912,46739.7141.71**

Xngan 2,370865,275****

Nga 1,683757,6051,6721,598**

i Loan 1,689743,898-32.79-33.64**

Tanzania 1,171473,793****

Brunei 827313,654****

rp x t 804305,941168.00199.92221.60282.81

Nam Phi 460193,660****

c 260147,207441.67581.51**

Australia 18385,9753.985.41**

Phigi 12546,204****

Ixraen 9541,470-58.70-59.02**

Gana 7540,875-16.67-20.60**

Hng Kng 4418,399**-63.23-31.70

Na Uy 4217,555****

Php 2210,035-80.70-76.92-21.43-36.85

M 208,970-54.55-55.17-72.22-68.85

Nht Bn 32,160****

Ngun: Thng tin thng mi Vit NamTrong thng 12/07, cc doanh nghip xut khu nt 146 l hng cui cng ca nm. Hu ht cc chng loi go c tiu th mnh nht nh go 5% tm, 25% tm coi nh hon thnh hp ng trong nhng thng trc . Trong thng ny, cc doanh nghip ch tp trung xut khu nt mt s l hng go 15% tm sang cc th trng Cu Ba, ng Timo, Malaixia v Innxia. Kim ngch xut khu go 15% tm trong thng cui t 30 triu USD vi sn lng 71 nghn tn. Ngoi ra, nhng mt hng go xut khu cn li trong thi gian ny u l nhng l hng go cao cp, lng xut khng nhiu nhng c n gi rt cao. Trong , loi go ging Nht 5% tm c gi xut khu cao nht vi 613 USD/tn, c xut sang 3 th trng Nht Bn, Malaixia v SingaporeBng 3: Mt s l hng xut khu trong thng 12/07

Th trngMt hngLng (Tn)Gi (USD)Ca khuKGH

B Bin NgGo thm 5% tm1.180432,65Tn cngFOB

Go thm 5% tm1.634432,61Tn cngFOB

Go thm 5% tm681432,50Tn cngFOB

Go thm 5% tm480416,00Tn cngFOB

BruneiGo np 10% tm400388,00M Thi FOB

CubaGo 15% tm26.250510,66Bn NghCIF

Go 15% tm16.500505,13Bn NghCIF

i LoanGo np 5% tm555474,63Tn cngFOB

Go np 5% tm342440,00Tn cngFOB

ng TimoGo 15% tm1.182396,09Khnh HiFOB

Go 15% tm2.078347,04Khnh HiFOB

InnxiaGo np 10% tm500414,00ICD III -Transimex CFR

Go np 10% tm500393,00Tn cngCIF

Go np 10% tm500350,00Tn cngCIF

Go 15% tm7.400298,00Bn NghFOB

MalaysiaGo thm 5% tm400385,00M Thi FOB

Go 15% tm2.300350,00Cn Th

Ngun: Thng tin thng mi Vit Nam11 thng u nm 2007, c cu 5 th trng dn u v kim ngch xut khu go tip tc l Phillippin, Innxia, CuBa, Malaixia v B Bin Ng. Tuy nhin, v tr th t ca nhm 5 th trng ny xut hin nhng s thay i nht nh. Dn u vn l th trng Phillippin vi tng lng xut khu go trong 11 thng u nm 2007 t 1,45 triu tn, tr gi 465 triu USD, gim nh 0,64% v lng so vi nm 2006 nhng xt v kim ngch vn tng gn 12%. Vi mc tng 236% v lng v 257% v kim ngch so vi cng k nm ngoi, Innxia vn ln 2 bc ng v tr th nh trong tp 10 th trng xut khu go nhiu nht ca Vit nam, t 1,14 triu tn vi tng tr gi t 371 triu USD. ng v tr th 3 l th trng CuBa vi mc gim 14% v lng v 11% v kim ngch xut khu so vi cng k nm trc. Trong khi , 2 th trng Malaixia v B Bin Ng u c mc gim kh cao v lng cng nh kim ngch xut khu, ln lt tt xung v tr th 4 v th 5 trong tp 5 th trng dn u.

Bng 4: Cc th trng xut khu go ln ca Vit Nam 11 thng u nm 2007

Th trng11 thng/0711 thng/06So snh 07/06

Lng (Tn)Tr gi (USD)Lng (Tn)Tr gi (USD)Lng (%)Tr gi (%)

Philippin1,455,111464,978,2501,464,450415,571,961-0.6411.89

Innxia1,145,529371,631,555340,913104,159,556236.02256.79

Cu Ba388,620145,521,290453,100131,240,402-14.2310.88

Malaixia371,108113,980,811504,910139,746,206-26.50-18.44

B bin ng142,14343,365,319213,55053,114,867-33.44-18.36

Gana130,84639,671,524115,71828,538,89013.0739.01

Singapore78,47124,672,75096,16924,925,345-18.40-1.01

Nht Bn64,63718,716,516158,21841,259,554-59.15-54.64

Trung Quc40,09014,990,83241,33813,792,772-3.028.69

Nga36,91112,452,03761,77517,392,177-40.25-28.40

Nam Phi36,52010,715,250104,65324,907,945-65.10-56.98

i Loan17,8327,111,2428,9302,326,85099.69205.62

Ukraina9,8353,159,56710,0792,730,977-2.4215.69

H Lan3,6741,329,745441143,119732.73829.12

UAE3,7571,219,9082,290666,23364.0883.11

Hungary2,3881,107,752****

Canada2,158976,72223379,050826.181,135.58

c2,167838,3321,158388,94687.17115.54

Anh1,084710,112677481,71360.1147.41

Ty Ban Nha1,563658,100516233,764202.91181.52

Hng Kng2,033602,6102,715768,424-25.11-21.58

Ngun : Thng tin thng mi Vit Nam.

Do mc tiu xut khu trong nm 2007 sp hon thnh nn s th trng cng nh cc mt hng xut khu go trong thng 11/2007 b thu hp ng k. Theo s liu thng k ca Tng cc Hi quan, trong thng 11/07, cc doanh nghip Vit Nam ch xut khu c gn 130 l hng go cc loi sang 23 th trng, gim 7 th trng so vi thng 10/07 v gim 2 th trng so vi thng 11/06. Hu ht trong s u gim v lng cng nh kim ngch xut khu so vi thng trc, thm ch ngng xut khu sang mt s cc th trng ln v quen thuc nh Gana, Cu Ba do hon thnh hp ng k trc . Xut khu sang 2 th trng hng u l Phillippin v Innxia cng gim mnh so vi thng trc. Kim ngch xut khu sang 2 th trng ny ch t ln lt 1,44 triu USD v 8,6 triu USD, gim 97% v 70% so vi thng 10/07. Trong khi , xut khu sang Malaixia li tng kh, t 29,6 nghn tn, tr gi 9,3 triu USD, tng 99% v lng v 103% v kim ngch so vi thng 10/07; gim nh 7,3% v lng nhng vn tng 5,7% v kim ngch so vi thng 11/06.

Bng 5: Cc th trng xut khu go ln ca Vit Nam trong thng 11/2007

Th trngThng 11/07Thng 10/07Thng 11/06

Lng (Tn)Tr gi (USD)Lng (%)Tr gi (%)Lng (%)Tr gi (%)

Malaixia29,6449,313,19198.75103.23-7.255.71

Innxia27,5008,587,000-68.45-70.00-56.28-55.88

Philippin4,0501,445,625-97.13-96.92174.58197.30

i Loan2,5131,121,04031.4344.16**

Singapore1,808688,937-62.18-54.9522.7450.69

Trung Quc1,818643,878-43.35-41.52175.45187.32

B Bin Ng681294,533****

H Lan506189,750120.00120.00**

Cuba 500158,855**-97.09-97.57

Gabong 238106,016****

rp x t300102,006-78.17-78.71-40.00-26.35

UAE300102,005-75.21-74.06**

Ixraen 230101,200-4.56-24.63**

Angiri 255100,725**-74.50-61.56

c17681,5659.327.22**

Ngun: Thng tin thng mi Vit Nam.

S liu thng k ca Tng cc Hi quan Vit Nam cho thy, tng kim ngch xut khu t Vit Nam sang cc nc trong khu vc M Latinh v Carib trong 11 thng u nm 2006 t khong 441 triu USD, tng 21,57% so vi mc 362 triu USD cng k nm 2005, hon thnh 87% k hoch xut khu nm 2006.Trong , kim ngch xut khu ca Vit Nam sang cc th trng truyn thng nh Arhentina, Brazil, Cuba v Chil v mt s th trng mi nh Panama, Venezuela t xp x 348 triu USD, tng 12,98% so vi mc 308 triu USD t c cng k nm 2005.

c tng kim ngch xut khu ca Vit Nam sang khu vc ny t 544,5 triu USD, hon thnh k hoch xut khu nm 2006

Cc mt hng xut khu ch lc ca Vit Nam sang th trng khu vc M Latinh trong nm 2006 bao gm giy dp chim 26,65%, dt may 7,55%, my vi tnh v linh kin 1,94%, thu hi sn 1,34%, sn phm cht do v g 2,17%, cc hng ho khc chim khong 19,33% v cao nht l go chim 31,25%.

Trong s cc mt hng xut khu ch yu th go lun l mt hng ng u v tr gi xut khu trong s cc mt hng xut khu ca Vit Nam sang khu vc M Latinh, nht l i vi th trng truyn thng Cuba.Nm 2005, Vit Nam xut khu c 600.000 tn go sang Cuba, gm c hp ng ca nm 2004 chuyn sang, tng 200.000 tn so vi nm 2004, tr gi khong 180 triu USD.

Nm 2006, Tng cng ty Lng thc min Bc (Vinafood I) k c hp ng xut khu go sang Cuba l 400.000 tn vi tn dng ca Chnh ph (tr chm 540 ngy, khng tnh li sut) v theo tho thun doanh nghip.

Theo nhn nh ca B Cng Thng, tim nng Vit Nam c th xut ti 1 triu tn go/nm trong tng lai bi go vn l lng thc chnh trong ba n hng ngy ca ngi dn M Latinh, thm na go ca Vit Nam ngy cng khng nh c tnh cnh tranh th trng khu vc ny do gi cnh tranh v cht lng n nh. Ring Cuba mi nm c nhu cu nhp khu t 500.000 600.000 tn go.1.3. NHN T NH HNG N XUT KHU GO VO TH TRNG CU BA1.3.1. Nhng nhn t tch cc

* Quan h hp tc Vit Nam Cu Ba:Trong hn 45 nm qua, hu ht cc nh lnh o cp cao ca Vit Nam u c cc chuyn thm hu ngh chnh thc Cu Ba: Ch tch Trn c Lng (cc nm 2000, 2004), Ch tch Quc hi Nguyn Vn An (nm 2003), Th tng Phan Vn Khi (nm 2002). c bit, nm 2004, Tng B th Nng c Mnh dn u on i biu cp cao ng Cng sn Vit Nam sang thm hu ngh chnh thc Cu Ba. Thay mt ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Tng B th Nng c Mnh trao tng 650 b my vi tnh cho ng Cng sn CuBa gip trang b cho cc c quan ng ca bn, t trung ng n cp qun, huyn. Lnh o hai ng nht tr y mnh hp tc cng pht trin, nht l trong cc lnh vc kinh t, thng mi, khoa hc, cng ngh, vn ha, gio dc, a quan h truyn thng tt p Vit Nam Cu Ba ln tm cao mi.

V pha Cu Ba: Ch tch Fidel Castro thm Vit Nam (cc nm 1973, 1995, 2003). Cc chuyn thm ny nh du bc pht trin mi trong quan h gia hai nc, l dp lnh o cp cao hai nc gp g trc tip, nhm tng cng quan h hp tc ton din trn nhiu lnh vc. Ngoi ra, cn c nhiu chuyn ving thm ca nhiu b, ngnh, to iu kin thc y quan h hp tc gia hai nc.

Vit Nam v Cu Ba thit lp quan h ngoi giao chnh thc ngy 02/12/1960. Hai nc k cc iu c kinh t - thng mi: Hip nh khuyn khch v bo h u t (1995); Hip nh trao i thng mi v cc hnh thc hp tc kinh t khc (1996); Hip nh v hp tc du lch (1999); Tha thun hp tc trong lnh vc kim dch v bo v thc vt (1999); Hip nh trnh nh thu hai ln v ngn nga vic trn lu thu i vi cc loi thu thu nhp (2002). Quan h kinh t tuy cha tng xng vi quan h chnh tr ang rt tt p gia hai nc, nhng c nhng bc pht trin ng khch l. Trong nhng nm gn y, trao i thng mi gia Vit Nam Cu Ba lin tc tng, t 60 triu USD nm 2002 ln hn 90 triu USD nm 2003 v t hn 100 triu USD trong nm 2006, trong , xut khu ca Vit Nam sang Cu Ba t khong 50 triu USD/nm, Vit Nam tr thnh nc cung cp go ch yu v n nh cho Cu Ba. Hng nm, Vit Nam xut khu 400.000 tn go sang Cu Ba, ng thi hp tc c kt qu trong lnh vc sn xut la h gia nh, nhm gip Cu Ba t tc la go.

Nm 2004, cuc hp Phn ban hp tc kinh t thng mi gia hai nc, ng thi thnh lp nhm nghin cu th trng ca Cu Ba v Vit Nam thc y quan h kinh t v trao i hng ha gia hai nc.Trong thng mi, trong nm 2008 ti, Vit Nam vn tip tc cung cp cho Cu Ba 200 nghn tn go theo hp ng Chnh ph v 200 nghn tn go theo hp ng cng ty vi iu kin nh thng l.

* Nhu cu ca Cu Ba v nhp khu go l rt ln

Bc vo thp k 90, Cu Ba lm vo khng hong kinh t x hi nghim trng nht k t ngy Cch mng thnh cng. Nm 1990, tng tng kinh t m 2,6%. Nm 1993, GDP gim n 35% so vi 1989. N nc ngoi 11 t USD v 21,5 t Rp chuyn i.

i sng ngi dn Cu Ba gp rt nhiu kh khn do tnh trng thiu ht hng ha. Cc nhu yu phm nh qun o, thc phm, dng gia nh v vt dng chm sc sc khe khan him trm trng, c bit l sn phm go, mt thnh phn khng th thiu trong ba n thng ngy ca ngi dn Cu Ba.

Nhu cu v nhp khu go ca Cu Ba lun mc cao. Mi nm nhu cu nhp khu go ca nc ny l 500.000 600.000 tn go.

* Kinh nghim lu nm trong xut khu go vo bn hng Cu Ba

K t khi thit lp quan h ngoi giao gia hai nc (2/12/1960), quan h Vit Nam - Cuba lin tc c duy tr v pht trin. Hai nc thc hin thnh cng rt nhiu hp ng xut nhp khu cc sn phm ni chung v mt hng go ni ring. Cc doanh nghip Vit Nam v chnh ph Cuba c s nht tr cao v tng cng hn na cc mi quan h on kt, hu ngh, hp tc anh em, nng cao hiu qu ca mi quan h ny, ph hp vi th mnh v tim nng ca mi nc.

1.3.2. Nhng nhn t tiu cc

- Chuyn ti hng ha xa do khong cch gia 2 nc Vit Nam v Cu Ba. Hu ht cc giao dch thc hin qua ng bin gy tn kh nhiu thi gian v chi ph.

- C ch thanh ton cha hon thin v tn ti nhiu vng mc do chnh sch hn ch ng dollar trong d tr v thanh ton thng mi ca Cu Ba, dn n tnh trng thiu ngoi t mnh khi thanh ton.

iu quan trng khc phc l hai bn phi thng nht to iu kin thun li v mt php l cc doanh nghip hai nc thun li trong vic u t v hp tc. Ngn hng hai nc cn bo m thanh ton an ton, hiu qu cho cc doanh nghip v cn phi c bin php khc phc tnh trng doanh nghip hai bn khi giao dch, thanh ton phi thng qua bn th ba.CHNG II

THC TRNG XUT KHU GO CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO SANG TH TRNG CU BA

2.1. KHI QUT V CNG TY C PHN XUT NHP KHU LNG THC - THC PHM H NI2.1.1. Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin Tn Cng ty: Cng ty c phn xut nhp khu lng thc - thc phm H Ni

Tn giao dch: HANOI FOOD IMPORT - EXPORT JOINT STOCK COMPANY

Tn vit tt: VIHAFOODCO

a ch tr s chnh: 84 Qun Thnh, Phng Qun Thnh, Qun Ba nh, Thnh ph H Ni

in thoi: (84.4) 7 150 371 - 7 150 321

Fax: (84.4) 7 150 328

c thnh lp ngy 20 thng 03 nm 2001 theo quyt nh s 27/2001/Q-BNN/TCCB ca B Nng nghip v pht trin nng thn, c c phn ha v i vo hot ng theo m hnh cng ty c phn t ngy 01 thng 04 nm 2005.

T khi thnh lp n nay cng ty c phn xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm H Ni tri qua 2 giai on pht trin chnh:

- Giai on 1: Trc thng 3 nm 2005, Tin thn ca Cng ty C phn Xut nhp khu Lng thc - Thc phm H Ni ldoanh nghip nh nc Cng ty Lng thc H Ni,thnh vin ca Tng Cng ty Lng thc Min Bc. Lc ny, Cng ty lng thc H Ni l n v thnh vin hch ton kinh t c lp ca Tng cng ty Lng thc Min Bc. Vn iu l ca cng ty vo thi im l 17 t 790 triu VND.

- Giai on 2: Sau thng 3 nm 2005, cng ty tin hnh c phn ha v chuyn i t doanh nghip nh nc thnh cng ty c phn theo quyt nh s 4435/Q-BNN-TCCB. Vn iu l lc ny l 30 t VND. Tuy nhin Tng cng ty lng thc min Bc vn nm gi 51% c phn ca cng ty, 49% cn li l ca cc c ng khc.

2.1.2. Chc nng, nhim v ca cng ty

Chc nng ch yu ca cng ty l:

- Trc tip xut khu v nhn y thc xut khu cc mt hng nng lm sn, trong mt hng ch o l go.

- Kinh doanh dch v du lch, cho thu vn phng, kho bi

Nhim v ch yu ca cng ty l:

- Chp hnh php lut Nh nc, thc hin cc ch chnh sch v qun l, s dng v pht trin vn, vt t, ti sn, ngun lc, thc hin ngha v i vi Nh nc.

- Thc hin y mi cam kt trong hp ng kinh t k kt vi cc t chc kinh t trong v ngoi nc.

- Bo v cng ty, bo v mi trng, gi gn an ninh chnh tr v an ton x hi trong phm vi qun l ca cng ty theo quy nh ca php lut.

2.1.3. M hnh t chc sn xut v b my qun tr2.1.3.1. C cu t chc sn xut theo khng gian:

Cc chi nhnh ca cng ty gm:

- Chi nhnh Cng ty ti An Giang- Chi nhnh Kinh doanh Go Cht lng cao- Chi nhnh Thng mi Hon Kim- Chi nhnh Thng mi ng a- Chi nhnh Kinh doanh Lng thc - Thc phm- Chi nhnh Dch v - Du lch- Chi nhnh Kinh doanh Tng hp- Chi nhnh Sn xut ch bin Lng thc - Thc phm2.1.3.2. C cu b my qun tr:Cng ty c 5 phng ban c chc nng tham mu cho ban gim c gm:

- Phng ti chnh k ton

- Phng kinh doanh th trng

- Phng t chc hnh chnh

- Phng qun l u t v xy dng

- B phn u t ti chnh

Di ban gim c l khi cc chi nhnh, n v trc thuc bao gm 8 chi nhnh nh nu phn trn.

Cc chi nhnh trc thuc c chc nng thc hin cc hot ng sn xut kinh doanh theo nh hng, ngnh ngh kinh doanh ca cng ty. Ring chi nhnh cng ty ti An Giang cn c mt nh my ch bin go gip cng ty sn xut go theo tiu chun xut khu.

Cc b phn, phng ban trong cng ty c b tr theo s di y:

S 2.1 : C CU B MY QUN L CA CNG TY

.

Nhim v v chc nng c th cc b phn :

i hi ng c ng : L c quan quyn lc cao nht ca cng ty v bao gm tt c cc c ng c quyn biu quyt hoc ngi c c ng c quyn biu quyt u quyn. i hi ng c ng c quyn tho lun, thng qua v quyt nh cc vn ca cng ty c a vo chng trnh i hi.

Hi ng qun tr bao gm : Mt ch tch v 3 thnh vin, c bu bng hnh thc b phiu kn ti i hi c ng. Hi ng qun tr qun l hoc ch o thc hin cc hot ng kinh doanh v cc cng vic ca cng ty trong phm vi nhim v ca mnh. Hi ng qun tr l c quan c y quyn hn thc hin tt c cc quyn nhn danh cng ty tr nhng vn thuc thm quyn ca i hi c ng. Hi ng qun tr c trch nhim gim st gim c v cc cn b qun l khc ca cng ty.

Ch tch hi ng qun tr ng thi l gim c ca cng ty.

Ban kim sot : Gm 3 thnh vin do i hi ng c ng bu bng hnh thc b phiu kn. Ban kim sot c quyn : ch inh, bi nhim n v kim ton, cc vn lin quan n k ton v kim ton ca cng ty, kim tra bo co ti chnh. Ban kim sot kim tra tnh hp l v hp php trong qun l, iu hnh hot ng kinh doanh, ghi chp v lp s sch k ton, bo co ti chnh; Kim tra tng vn c th lin quan n vic iu hnh cng ty.

Gim c : Gim c chu trch nhim v mi hot ng ca cng ty trc php lut, trc hi ng qun tr. Gim c c quyn quyt nh vic iu hnh ca cng ty theo ng k hoch, chnh sch , php lut ca Nh nc, ng thi phi chu trch nhim trc tp th cn b cng nhn vin v kt qu hot ng kinh doanh ca cng ty. V vy, gim c phi xc nh mc tiu, nhim v ra, ng thi phi h tr to iu kin cho cc phng ban chc nng thuc cng ty thc hin tt nhim v ca mnh. Bn cnh gip vic cho Gim c l Ph gim c v cc phng ban sau :

Ph gim c : Gim st iu hnh mt s lnh vc cng tc ca cng ty nh Lao ng, tin lng, khen thng, k lut, lm tham mu cho gim c v u t kinh doanh v iu hnh mi cng vic ca Cng ty khi Gim c i vng.

Cc phng chc nng :

Phng ti chnh - k ton: Thc hin nhim v kinh doanh ca cng ty, cc cng tc bo co ch k ton theo quy nh ca Nh nc, theo nh k ch k ton ti chnh. Thc hin chp hnh tt cc quy nh v s sch k ton v thng k, bng biu theo quy nh ca Nh nc, chng t thu chi r rng hp l. Ch trng xut vi cp trn v chnh sch u i, ch k ton vn, ngun vn, ti sn ca doanh nghip nhm h tr v p ng cho cng ty kinh doanh c hiu qu.

Phng kinh doanh - th trng: Nghin cu, kho st v nh gi th trng, xut nh hng mc tiu pht trin th trng ca b phn kinh doanh theo chin lc chung ca cng ty; tm hiu cc chnh sch ca Nh nc v php lut c lin quan nhm t vn cho cc b phn c lin quan nh gi sn phm v dch v (Kinh doanh Bt ng sn, dch v khai thc v cho thu im kinh doanh) ti cc d n d kin trin khai.

Phng t chc hnh chnh: Nghin cu xut xy dng b my t chc i ng v t chc iu hnh trong cng ty. Xy dng v hng dn thc hin cc ni quy, quy ch v nh bin v qun l bin ch. Lp v qun l h s v lng, th tc ngh nng bc v iu chnh lng hng nm. T chc qun l, lu tr h s l lch ca nhn vin, b sung v nhn xt hng nm.

Phng qun l u t v xy dng: Ln cc k hoch u t xy dng, t chc sa cha duy tu bo dng c s vt cht. Thit lp cc hot ng qun l v pht trin v m rng c s h tng ca cng ty.

B phn u t ti chnh: S dng hiu qu ngun ti chnh ca cng ty, m bo thi gian quay vng vn v em li li nhun thng qua cc k hoch u t ngn hn hoc di hn nh mua bn c phiu hoc tham gia gp vn lin doanh, lin kt.

Mi quan h gia cc phng : l mi quan h ngang cp, cng gip vic cho gim c cng ty v chuyn mn v nghip v ca mi phng.

2.2. TNH HNH KINH DOANH XUT KHU CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO- Phn tch kt qu kinh doanh xut khu cc mt hng nng sn ch yu ca cng ty:

Bng 6: Kt qu xut khu theo mt hng ( 2005-2007)

n v: USD

Mt hng200520062007

1. Go

2. C ph

3. xanh

4. tng

5. Ng ht27.027.200

4.034.304

652.608

474.624

771.26430.297.491

4.522.454

731.573

532.053

864.58933.115.157

4.943.042

799.609

581.533

944.977

Tng cng

T l tng trng (%)32.960.000

36.948.160

12,140.384.338

9,3

Ngun: Phng ti chnh - k ton cng ty

Nm 2006 li nhun thu t xut khu ca cng ty l 36.948.160 USD, tng 12,1% so vi nm 2005. Nm 2007 do mt s mt hng c ph v tng gp kh khn v th trng tiu th nn t l tng trng b gim st so vi nm 2006 l 9,3%. Tuy nhin, nhn chung trong 3 nm th kim ngch xut khu ca cc sn phm khng ngng tng ln.

Qua bng s liu trn c th thy c c cu cc sn phm xut khu ca cng ty nh sau: Go l mt hng xut khu ch o ca cng ty ( chim 80% li nhun ), tip l c ph ( 13,6% ), ng ht (2,6% ), xanh (2,2%), v tng ( 1,6% ).

- nh gi kt qu xut khu:

Bng 7: Kt qu kinh doanh ( 2005-2007 )

n v: Triu ng

Nm

Ch tiu200520062007

1. Tng doanh thu:

- Doanh thu xut khu

- Doanh thu ni a

- Doanh thu dch v

2. Tng chi ph

3. Li nhun trc thu

4. Li nhun sau thu

5. Vn ch s hu588.570

494.400

82.399

11.771

586.845

1.725

1.725

30.000594.774

502.256

84.147

8.371

592.535

2.239

1.749

30.000601.721

511.864

80.425

9.432

599.413

2.308

1.803

30.000

T sut li nhun sau thu trn vn ch s hu5,79%5,83%6,01%

Ngun: Phng ti chnh - k ton cng ty.

Kt qu kinh doanh trn cho thy: tng doanh thu hng nm trong 3 nm 2005, 2006 v 2007 doanh thu t xut khu u cao hn doanh thu bn hng trn th trng ni a. iu ny chng t rng hot ng kinh doanh xut khu l hot ng kinh doanh chnh, em li li nhun ch yu cho Cng ty.

Nm 2005, do Cng ty chuyn i c phn ha t doanh nghip Nh nc thnh cng ty c phn nn c min 100% thu thu nhp doanh nghip, bi vy li nhun trc thu v sau thu ca cng ty vo nm 2005 l nh nhau. Bn cnh , t sut li nhun sau thu trn vn ch s hu tng qua cc nm. iu ny phn nh vn ch s hu ca Cng ty c s dng kh hiu qu.

- Phn tch kim ngch xut khu go:

Bng 8: Kim ngch xut khu go

Ch tiu Nm

200520062007

Doanh thu T trng Doanh thu T trng Doanh thu T trng

( USD) (%) (USD) (%) (USD) (%)

Xut khu trc tip 29.136.64088,4 31.221.19584,5 37.718.97293,4

Xut khu y thc 3.823.36011,6 5.726.96515,5 2.665.3666,6

Tng 32.960.000100,0 36.948.160100,0 40.384.338100,0

Ngun: Phng ti chnh - k ton cng ty.

Qua bng s liu trn ta thy kim ngch xut khu trc tip nm 2005 l 29.136.640 USD chim t trng 88,4%; nm 2006 l 31.221.195 USD chim 84,5%; nm 2007 tng ln 37.718.972 USD v chim t trng ti 93,4% trong kim ngch xut khu go ca cng ty.

Nm 2006 xut khu trc tip c tng so vi nm 2005 nhng lng tng khng nhiu l do th trng xut khu gp nhiu kh khn v do hn ngch ca Chnh ph.

Nm 2007 kim ngch xut trc tip tng nhanh, v tng mt lng l 6.497.777 USD so vi nm 2006 v n chim n 93,4% gi tr kim ngch xut khu go. Nguyn nhn l do th trng Chu phi v Philippines nhp khu mnh v th trng Chu u cng c m rng lm cho gi tr xut khu trc tip tng nhanh.

i vi xut khu y thc: ch chim mt t trng nh trong c cu xut khu ca cng ty. Nm 2006 xut khu y thc tng 1.903.605 USD so vi nm 2005 nguyn nhn l do nm 2006 khch hng giao dch t, ch yu l tham gia vo cc hp ng y thc cp Chnh ph nn gi tr xut y thc tng; n nm 2007 th gi tr xut khu y thc gim mt lng l 3.031.599 USD so vi nm 2006 v ch chim t trng 6,6% trong c cu xut khu mt hng go ca cng ty. Nguyn nhn l do tnh hnh th trng nm 2007 c nhiu thun li hn nm 2006, cc hp ng xut trc tip tng mnh, hp ng y thc gim ng k lm cho gi tr xut khu y thc gim mnh. Mc d li nhun kim c t vic xut khu y thc l khng cao nhng n gip cho cng ty duy tr hot ng trong nhng lc cng ty khng tm c th trng giao dch trc tip, do cng ty cn phi duy tr xut khu u n hnh thc ny mi nm.2.3. PHN TCH V NH GI THC TRNG XUT KHU GO CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO SANG TH TRNG CU BA2.3.1. Phn tch xut khu go ca cng ty vo th trng Cu Ba

Bng 9: Khi lng v tr gi go xut khu theo th trng

Th trngThng 12/07So snh T11/07So snh T12/06

Lng (Tn)Tr gi (USD)Lng (%)Tr gi (%)Lng (%)Tr gi (%)

Cuba 36.34514.538.3628,45013,58514,722,76

Innxia 13.1245.249.96413,0917,7624,931,76

Malaysia 1716686.5336,7811,713,521,43

Singapore 1514605.765116.7679.8488.32117.06

Philipine 90863.634.59025.3124.43142.00148.72

Trung Quc 54512.180.75439.7141.7154,8114,67

Brunei 1918767.3028,6514,9710.5419.6

Nga 49471.978.83388.590.1-10.7-16.5

Hng Kng 2019807.68618.643.33-63.23-31.70

Php 1009403.843-80.70-76.92-21.43-36.85

Tip1211484.612-54.55-55.17-72.22-68.85

Iran80763.230.74717.622.1822.766.51

Lo2322928.83919.6334.13-21.12-42.21

Israel2221888.4558.1517.1610.1418.45

Hn Quc2423969.22418.3645.6538.8770.56

n 45431.817.2958.6522.64-7.62-15.86

Nht Bn 30281.211.53022.7567.8331.1153.38

Ngun: Phng ti chnh- k ton cng ty

Bng 10: Kt qu xut khu theo th trng ( 2005-2007)

n v: USD

Nm

Th trng200520062007

1. Cuba2. Iran

3. Innxia

4. Philipin

5. Nht Bn

6. Hn Quc

7. Brunei

8. Singapore

9. Hng Kng

10. Trung Quc

11. Nga

12. Israel

13. n

14. Lo

15. Malaysia

16. Php

17. Tip11.865.600

2.636.800

4.284.800

2.966.400

988.800

791.040

626.240

494.400

659.200

1.779.840

1.615.040

725.120

1.483.200

758.080

560.320

329.600

395.52013.301.338

2.955.852

4.803.260

3.325.334

1.108.444

886.755

702.015

554.222

738.963

1.995.200

1.810.459

812.859

1.662.667

849.807

628.118

369.481

443.37714.538.362

3.230.747

5.249.964

3.634.590

1.211.530

969.224

767.302

605.765

807.686

2.180.754

1.978.833

888.455

1.817.295

928.839

686.533

403.843

484.612

Tng cng32.960.00036.948.16040.384.338

Ngun: Phng ti chnh - k ton cng ty.

* Khi qut v th trng ca cng ty: Th trng xut khu ca VIHAFOODCO tp trung nhiu cc nc Chu l Innxia, Philipin, cn th trng ch yu v em li li nhun ln nht cho cng ty l Cuba, chim 36% tng li nhun xut khu. T nm 2005 n nm 2007, th phn xut khu ca cng ty vo Cuba khng ngng tng ln vi tc tng trng nhanh v n nh.

Trong nhng nm gn y, Cng ty xut khu c sn phm vo th trng ca 17 nc. Trong c 5 nc trong khi ASEAN (Singapore, Brunei, Lo, Malaysia v Innxia), gi c s c mt ca cng ty trn cc th trng khc nh Trung Quc, Nga, n v cc th trng chu u nh Php, Tip.

Nht Bn v Hn Quc chim mt t trng kh khim tn trong xut khu go ca cng ty sang cc nc ng . Nht Bn tuy ch chim khong 3% tng gi tr xut khu ca Cng ty nhng y c nh gi l mt th trng y tim nng v nm trong k hoch pht trin th trng ca Cng ty. Nhu cu ca Nht Bn v go l kh cao song yu cu v tiu chun k thut kht khe v sn phm ny cng l mt yu t cn phi c cn nhc k cng trc khi thc hin cc hot ng xut khu vo th trng ny. Lng go v gi tr xut khu ca Nht Bn v Hn Quc tuy cha c cao nhng ang c mt tc tng trng kh cao. Ch sau 1 thng (t thng 11 n thng 12 nm 2007), lng go xut khu sang Nht Bn tng 22,75%, gi tr xut khu tng 67,83%. iu ny cho thy xut khu go sang Nht Bn ha hn s c rt nhiu thnh cng trong tng lai cho cng ty.

Th trng tiu th sn phm ca Cng ty phn b ch yu cc nc chu v y c coi l th trng truyn thng. Th trng em li li nhun ln cho cng ty l Cuba. Quy m xut khu sang cc nc chu u cn nh, ch chim khong 1% li nhun ca Cng ty. Tuy nhin con s ny c d on l s tng ln trong khong 2 nm ti do nhu cu v sn phm go cht lng cao ca cc nc ny tng ln.

V th trng Cu Ba: Qua bng trn c th thy, Cu Ba c lng go xut khu v gi tr tng ng k so vi cc nc khc. C th khng nh th trng hng u ca cng ty l Cu Ba vi mc nhp ln n 36.345 tn. Vi mc nhu cu ngy cng ln v sn phm go, Cu Ba tr thnh th trng trng im v truyn thng ca cng ty. Bi vy, vic xut khu go sang th trng ny lun c lnh o ca cng ty c bit coi trng v quan tm.

* V phng thc xut khu go vo th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty: Cng ty VIHAFOODCO s dng 3 hnh thc xut khu go chnh sang th trng Cu Ba. l xut khu trc tip, xut khu y thc v cung ng. S liu v xut khu trc tip v xut khu y thc ca cng ty c trnh by ti bng 8 nu trn.

i vi th trng Cu Ba, ngoi lng hng xut khu trc tip v y thc, cng ty cn cung ng go cho Tng Cng ty lng thc min Bc xut khu vi i tng khch hng ch yu l chnh ph Cu Ba. Vic cung ng go c thc hin bng hp ng cung ng gia cng ty v Tng Cng ty lng thc min Bc.* V c cu loi go xut khu sang th trng Cu Ba: Phn tch c cu ca tng loi go thy r hn v tnh hnh xut khu ca tng loi go, thy c nhng loi no l th mnh, loi no c a chung, c nhu cu t c c nhng gii php nhm pht huy th mnh ca tng loi, nng cao kh nng cnh tranh cng nh tng sn lng, kim ngch xut khu

Biu 3 : C cu cc loi go xut khu nm 2005

Biu 4 : C cu cc loi go xut khu nm 2006

Biu 5: C cu cc loi go xut khu nm 2007

Xt v c cu tng loi go xut khu ta thy cng c nhiu s bin i theo chiu hng tch cc, tc loi go c phm cht cao ngy cng tng ln chng t cht lng go ca cng ty ngy cng c khch hng a chung. Tuy nhin nu xt v gi tr go xut khu c phm cp cao cn thp hn nhiu so vi loi go c phm cp thp, c th nh sau:

Nm 2005 loi go c phm cht cao (5-10% tm) chim 26,61% trong tng kim ngch xut khu go. Go c phm cht thp (15%-25% tm) chim t trng 62,98%, trong go 15% chim t trng 35,65%; go 25% tm chim t trng 27,33% trong tng kim ngch xut khu go. Cn li cc loi tm, np, Jasmine v loi go khc chim t trng khong 10% c cu.

Nm 2006 loi go (5-10% tm) chim t trng 27,56%. Trong ch yu l go 5% tm chim t trng 25,19 % v go 10% chim 2,37%. Loi go (15-25% tm) chim t trng 63,77 %, trong go 15% chim t trng 31,56 %; go 25% chim t trng 32,21%. Cn li cc loi khc chim khong 10% trong mt hng tm c a chung cao vi t trng tng ng k ( t 0,51% nm 2005 tng ln 5,93% nm 2006).

Nhn chung, trong c cu go c phm cp cao th nm 2006 go 5% tm tng 106% so vi nm 2005. Nguyn nhn ca s gia tng ny l do c s gia tng nhu cu v go cht lng cao nn c s tng mnh ca loi go 5%. Bn cnh loi go 10% khng c a chung nhiu th trng ny nn kim ngch gim ng k trong nm 2006. Trong c cu go c phm cp thp th trong nm 2006 go 15% tm gim nh v loi 25% tng nh.

Nm 2007 loi go 5% tm tng mnh chim t trng 28,22% v loi go 10% khng cn tiu th trong nm 2007. Nguyn nhn ca tnh trng ny l do cng ty khng tm c th trng tiu th cho loi go ny. Loi go t 15-25% tm tng nhanh chim t trng 62,77% trong go 15% chim t trng 36,78% (y l loi go ch yu xut sang th trng Cu Ba) v loi 25% tm chim 25,99% t trng. Cn li cc loi khc chim khong 9% t trng.

Tm li, qua phn tch trn ta thy loi go 5% tm, 15% tm v 25% tm lun chim t trng cao trong kim ngch xut khu go ca cng ty. S gia tng kim ngch ca loi go 5% tm chng t go phm cp cao ca cng ty c khch hng a chung cao. Cng ty cn phi tip tc ci tin cht lng p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca th trng. Bn cnh , loi go Jasmine, np v tm l nhng mt hng ang c a chung v kim ngch xut khu mt hng ny ngy mt tng cao chng t y l nhng mt hng c a chung cao trn th trng. cng ty cn phi tip tc pht huy th mnh ny ca cng ty.

Loi go c phm cht thp vn c tiu th mnh ti th trng Cu Ba do c im l dn s tng v nhu cu ngy cng ph trin mnh, cng ty cn tip tc duy tr loi go th mnh ny ca cng ty. Nguyn nhn ca vic go phm cp thp cn chim t trng cao trong c cu kim ngch xut khu ca cng ty l do phn ln khu vc trong th trng Cu Ba thng quan tm n s lng go hn l cht lng.2.3.2. nh gi thc trng xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty

2.3.2.1. Nhng u im ca cng ty trong xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba- Cng ty VIHAFOODCO lun duy tr v pht trin mnh hot ng xut khu. K t khi bt u xut khu sang th trng Cu Ba, cng ty ch trng v nhn mnh tm quan trng ca vic xut khu go sang th trng y tim nng ny. Hot ng xut khu ca cng ty khng ngng c i mi v hon thin qua cc nm.

- c s phi hp cht ch gia phng nghip v v chi nhnh ca cng ty trong hot ng xut khu. iu ny th hin s thng nht trong quan im v nht qun trong hnh ng gia cc phng nghip v v cc chi nhnh ca cng ty.

- Cng ty duy tr c mi quan h tt vi cc c quan nhp khu go ti Cu Ba. Cng ty c nhng bin php gi vng mi quan h lu di vi cc c quan. Chnh iu ny to iu kin thun li trong vic thc hin v thanh ton hp ng vi chnh ph Cu Ba ca cng ty.- Doanh thu trong xut khu go vo th trng Cu Ba c xu hng tng. S lng xut khu tng vi tc cao v gi tr xut khu cng tng ng thi.

2.3.2.2. Nhng tn ti trong xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty - Cng ty xut khu nhiu mt hng l go trng 5%, 25% v tm, nhng loi go c cht lng cao nh Jasmine, np chim vi t trng rt t. Cc loi bao b ch yu do cng ty t sn xut, a s l nhng loi bao ln ch c tc dng bo qun trong qu trnh vn chuyn. Cng ty hin cha c nhn hiu ring cho mnh, ch yu nhn hiu da theo yu cu khch hng, y khng ch l im yu ca cng ty m cng chnh l im yu ti cc cng ty xut khu go ca Vit Nam.

- Cng ty cha kim sot c sn phm ca mnh trn th trng v khng phn phi trc tip n tay ngi tiu dng cui cng.

- D tr, thu mua to ngun hng cn nhiu bt cp.

- Hiu qu xut khu cha thc s cao

2.3.2.3. Nguyn nhn ca nhng tn ti trong xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty- i vi cc loi go xut khu nh Jasmine do cn phi kim sot cht cht lng u vo nn cng ty t chc nhn vin i thu mua ti rung ca nng dn, tuy nhin s lng ny ch chim mt s lng thp.- Cng ty phn phi sn phm ch yu qua trung gian, khng s dng i l phn phi nc ngoi m bn trc tip cho cc nh nhp khu thng qua ba hnh thc: xut khu trc tip, xut khu y thc, cung ng (nhng thi gian gn y, ch yu l cung ng nhng ph phm cho ni a).

- Cng tc thu mua to ngun hng ca cng ty cha c bo m, chi ph thu mua nhiu khi cn qu ln, thm vo l cht lng go cha ng u sau khi thu hoch.

- Cha thc s tn dng c ht cc li th ca mt th trng c nhu cu v go cao nh Cu Ba.

2.3.2.4. Nhng c hi khi xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty* Gi go xut khu ang th c li

Theo bo co "Theo di Th trng Go" ca T chc Nng Lng Lin Hip Quc (FAO) th gi go xut khu cho bn t cc nc xut khu vn duy tr c xu hng tng vng, c th hin r qua ch s gi ca FAO (1998-2000 = 100), tng t 115 im trong thng 12/06 ln 120 im trong thng 3/07.

Mc d trong thng 4 v thng 5, nhiu nc sn xut la go Nam Bn Cu tin hnh thu hoch la v chnh trong nm 2007 v Bc bn cu vi la v hai ca nm 2006, dn ti ngun cung ra th trng kh di do, tuy nhin gi khng b suy yu nhiu, c hu thun bi nhu cu nhp khu tip tc cao v chnh sch go tng i cng rn ca Chnh ph Thi Lan, Vit Nam v Campuchia. Do , nhn chung trin vng gi go trong vi thng ti c d on s tip tc xu hng tch cc.

Theo B Cng thng, t u nm ti nay, gi go xut khu ca Vit Nam lun tng kh mnh. Nu nh u thng ging nm nay, go 5% tm gi ch 355 USD/tn th ti ngy 4/2, mc gi xut khu ca loi go ny ln ti 400 USD/tn, tng 95-100 USD/tn so vi cng k nm ngoi, y l mc gi cao k lc mi ca go xut khu. Di y l bng gi go Vit Nam xut khu (tham kho) tnh n u thng 2/2008.

Bng 11: Gi mt s loi go u nm 2008

Chng loi goThi gian giao hng

Thng 2/2008Thng 3/2008

5% tm400 USD/T410 USD/T

10% tm395 USD/T405 USD/T

15% tm390 USD/T400 USD/T

Ngun: Thng tin thng mi Vit Nam

* C hi ca nhng nc xut khu goNgi tiu dng cc nc trn th gii c khuynh hng l s n nhiu go hn v gi la m tng ln gp ba ln, gi ng tng gp i so nm trc. Tuy nhin, cc nc ang xut khu go hng u th gii nh Thi Lan, Vit Nam, Hoa K, Pa-ki-xtan, Trung Quc, Ai Cp ch c go cung cp cho th trng xut khu khong 30 triu tn cho nm 2008. Con s ny qu nh b so vi nhu cu thc t.

Cc chuyn gia la go ca Vit Nam cng ng rng, th trng go ang ng li. Trn th trng ch cn Thi Lan l nc duy nht c d go xut vo lc ny. V th, d bo gi go s tng thm v cc cng ty nhp khu hin ang rt "i" go.

2.3.2.5. Nhng thch thc khi xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty

* Thch thc ln nht trong xut khu go l vic iu tit cho m bo an ninh lng thc v i sng ngi dn

Nhng ngy va qua, gi go xut khu lin tc tng cao. Theo d bo nm 2008, hot ng xut khu go s c nhiu thun li hn na bi d kin nhu cu go th gii s tng. Tuy nhin, bn cnh thun li v gi, xut khu go nm 2008 vn ang ng trc nhiu ni lo.

T u nm ti nay, gi go xut khu ca Vit Nam lun trong xu hng tng kh mnh m. C th, trong thng 2/2008, go 5% tm gi 400 USD/tn, sang thng 3 mc gi xut khu ca loi go ny ln ti 410 USD/tn. Tuy nhin, vi loi go ny vo thi im u thng 1/2008, gi ch 355 USD/tn; loi go 10% tn trong thng 2 gi bn l 395 USD/tn, hin mc gi ln 405 USD/tn. Trong khi , tnh ring trong nm 2007, nc ta xut hn 4,5 triu tn go vi gi xut khu bnh qun t 309 USD/tn.

Vi mc gi tng cao nh hin nay, khng t cc hp ng thng mi tuy c, nhng nng dn c tm l ch gi cao mi bn lm ngun cung go cho xut khu khan him, gy kh khn cho doanh nghip trong vic thc hin cc hp ng xut khu go k.

Khng ch gi go trong nc, gi go trn th gii cng ang tng mnh, hin gi go th gii tng ln mc k lc trong 34 nm qua, ti Thi Lan, gi go FOB (100%B) c cho bn l 562 USD/tn, FOB (5% tm), tng 13-14% so vi mt tun trc. Ti Philippines gi go nhp khu trung bnh vi gi 708 USD/tn, tng gn 50% so vi hi cui thng 1/2008.

Nh vy, nhng thun li v gi c v v la ng xun 2 min Bc, Nam ang to ra thun li hn cho xut khu go. C th, ti min Bc tnh n gia thng 3/2008, la ng xun 2008 min Nam thu hoch gn 50%, nng sut kh cao, trung bnh t 60 t/ha, cao nht c ni t 80-85 t/ha. Ti min Bc sn xut la ng xun c bn gieo cy xong. La lai ang c y mnh khai thc v gieo trng trn cc din tch ph hp cng tham gia gip m bo sn lng la c nm 2008 t mc tiu ra, 35-36 triu tn.

Song vn thch thc nht trong iu hnh xut khu go l cn phi iu tit sao cho m bo c vn v an ninh lng thc v i sng ngi dn.* Vit Nam quy nh lng go xut khu nm 2008

Trc thc t trn, m bo lng xut khu go hp l, va qua, Hip hi Lng thc Vit Nam (Vietfood) ban hnh Quy ch ng k hp ng xut khu go nm 2008.

Theo , Hip hi Lng thc Vit Nam quy nh, s lng go trng cc loi m mi doanh nghip c ng k xut khu cho 6 thng u nm 2008 khng qu 50% s lng xut khu trc tip bnh qun hai nm 2006-2007. Khi ng k hp ng, doanh nghip phi km bo co tn kho ti thiu 50% s lng ng k (khng k hp ng tp trung v go np, go thm).

Quy ch cng nu r, cc doanh nghip Vit Nam thuc mi thnh phn kinh t c php ng k hp ng xut khu; ngoi tr vic ng k hp ng thng mi bn cho cc thng nhn k cc hp ng tp trung vi Vit Nam (gm NFA - Philippines; Bulog - Indonesia; Alimport - Cuba; Bernas - Malaysia). Doanh nghip c nhu cu xut khu go cc loi phi ng k hp ng xut khu mi c lp T khai hi quan.

Ngoi ra, trong vng 3 ngy, k t ngy k hp ng xut khu go, doanh nghip phi gi hp ng k cho Hip hi ng k hp ng hp l trong vng mt ngy (8 gi lm vic), k t ngy nhn c hp ng, doanh nghip lm th tc giao hng. Gi go xut khu trong hp ng phi ph hp vi gi cng b ca Hip hi ti thi im k hp ng v thi hn giao hng khng qu 2 thng k t ngy k hp ng.

Ring cc trng hp doanh nghip ng k hp ng vi s lng xut khu go ln nh hng cn i cung cu, gy tc ng bt li n th trng trong nc v th trng xut khu, Hip hi s tham vn kin B Cng thng trc khi tr li doanh nghip. Tng khi lng go xut khu ca cc doanh nghip khng vt qu cn i nh hng tng qu ca B Cng Thng trn ch tiu do Chnh ph cng b.

Cng vi Quy ch ng k hp ng xut khu go nm 2008, Hip hi Lng thc Vit Nam ban hnh Quy ch Thc hin cc hp ng xut khu go tp trung. Theo , vic la chn doanh nghip d thu, giao dch k kt hp ng tp trung c thc hin theo nguyn tc dn ch cng khai. Doanh nghip trng thu hoc c ch nh k hp ng tp trung c xut khu trc tip ti thiu 30% s lng hp ng. S cn li Hip hi phn giao cho cc doanh nghip thnh vin khc y thc xut khu.

i vi trng hp doanh nghip k nhng khng thc hin hoc thc hin mt phn hp ng y thc s b ch ti theo quy nh trong hp ng y thc v ty theo mc vi phm, Hip hi Lng thc s khng phn b hoc phn b theo t l thc hin i vi cc hp ng tp trung tip theo.Theo B Nng nghip v pht trin nng thn, lng go xut khu 6 thng u nm 2007 ca c nc c trn 2,3 triu tn, t kim ngch 731 triu USD; gim 18% v lng v 5% v gi tr so vi cng k nm trc. Nguyn nhn chnh lm lng go xut khu gim l Chnh ph hn ch xut khu go trong nhng thng u nm m bo an ninh lng thc. c bit, gn y gi cc tu bin tng mnh (t 80 USD/tn ln 120 USD/tn) v tnh trng thiu tu ch hng trm trng gy kh khn trong vic thu tu ca cc doanh nghip trong nc cng nh cc nh nhp khu.

CHNG IIIGII PHP Y MNH XUT KHU GO SANG TH TRNG CU BA CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO

3.1. PHNG HNG PHT TRIN CA CNG TY

3.1.1. Phng hng, nhim v sn xut ca Cng ty nm 2007 v nhng nm tip theo

Ngay t khi c phn ho (thng 04/2005), Cng ty xc nh c chin lc kinh doanh trong trin vng ca ngnh hng m mnh l mt thnh vin trong : khi m bi cnh gi go th gii ang din bin phc tp cng s xut hin ca nhng vn v an ninh lng thc; khi m din tch cc khu cng nghip, khu dn c v cc ao nui trng thu sn ngy cng m rng th din tch t trng la cng thu hp dn v lng go xut khu cng gim dn. Trong bi cnh chin lc kinh doanh ca Cng ty c xc nh l: - Tip tc t chc tt hot ng kinh doanh xut khu go khi iu kin cn cho php, bn cnh phi m rng lnh vc kinh doanh ca Cng ty nhng ngnh, lnh vc m Cng ty c u th v th trng cn c nhu cu ln. Cng ty lun xc nh mt trn hng u l y mnh xut khu ng thi coi trng hot ng kinh doanh tng hp, pht trin c nh hng cc loi dch v du lch, ..., tng nhanh kim ngch xut khu hng nm.

- Cng ty tp trung giao dch m rng th trng tiu th hng ho, pht trin nhng nhm hng, mt hng c sn c u th ca cng ty, lin doanh, lin kt vi bn hng trong v ngoi nc c ngun hng phong ph, khi lng ln, cht lng cao, xut khu n nh, khng ngng i mi qun l, c ch chnh sch khuyn khch sn xut kinh doanh, xy dng i ng cn b, cng nhn vin ngy cng p ng yu cu pht trin ca Cng ty. m bo cng n vic lm cho cn b, cng nhn vin chc c thu nhp n nh v lun c ci thin v vt cht ln tinh thn nm sau cao hn nm trc, ph hp vi s pht trin kinh t x hi.

- Tp trung kinh doanh mt hng go v khai thc cc bt ng sn hin c, nng cao nng lc cnh tranh, pht trin sn xut kinh doanh.

Trong nhng nm ti, cng ty s theo st vi chin lc kinh doanh ca mnh, l m rng ngnh ngh kinh doanh v pht trin th trng mi sang cc nc Chu u v Chu M.

3.1.2. Phng hng pht trin th trng tiu th sn phm ca Cng ty giai on 2007 2010

thc y hot ng tiu th Cng ty khng nhng duy tr m cn phi pht trin, m rng th trng. Vic m rng th trng c ngha quan trng, gip tng doanh thu, li nhun, ng thi thc y hot ng khc pht trin. V m rng th trng Cng ty phi tin hnh d bo nhu cu v cc mt hng t lp ra cc k hoch sn xut, k hoch tiu th nhm em li hiu qu cao nht.i vi mt hng lng thc (go): Go l mt hng lng thc chnh, n khng ch p ng nhu cu thit yu ca con ngi m go ngy cng c s dng nhiu trong cc ngnh cng nghip ch bin. Cng vi s pht trin dn s th nhu cu v go cng tng theo. i sng con ngi ngy cng c nng cao th nhu cu v go ngon ngy cng tng, nht l nhng vng th v vng cng nghip pht trin.Trong nhng nm qua th trng tiu th sn phm ca Cng ty cn hn hp. Tng lai Cng ty s m rng th trng khng ch khu vc chu v chu Phi m cn ra cc th trng kh tnh khc l chu u v chu M. lm c iu Cng ty ra cc phng hng sau:- Tip tc n nh v m rng th trng, xy dng li cc chnh sch chin lc cho ph hp, st ng vi tng thi im, tng vng, tng khch hng nhm khuyn khch tt nht cho khch hng. ng thi gii quyt dt im, kp thi nhng vng mc m khch hng yu cu.

- C k hoch tt v cng tc chun b lng hng, khng xy ra hin tng tha hng hay thiu hng.

- Tm kim khch hng mi, th trng mi, xm nhp vo th trng go cao cp.

- Cng ty c chnh sch khen thng ng vin khuyn khch cn b cng nhn vin ton cng ty hon thnh tt cc nhim v ra.

3.2. GII PHP Y MNH XUT KHU GO SANG TH TRNG CU BA CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO

3.2.1. y mnh hot ng nghin cu th trng* C s xut gii php

Th trng l tng hp cc mi quan h kinh t pht sinh lin quan n hot ng mua bn hng ha. Nghin cu th trng c hiu l qu trnh thu thp, x l v phn tch s liu v th trng mt cch h thng lm c s cho cc quyt nh qun tr. y l hot ng u tin v quan trng m bt k doanh nghip no khi tin hnh sn xut kinh doanh cng cn phi nghin cu bi v mun tiu th t hiu qu cao th cn phi lm tt cng tc nghin cu th trng. Vic nghin cu th trng c chnh xc mi gip cho Cng ty c nhng quyt nh ng n v k hoch sn xut, chin lc pht trin sn phm, chnh sch tiu th. Chnh v vy m y mnh hot ng nghin cu trong cng ty l iu cn thit v quan trng.* Ni dung ca gii php

y mnh hot ng nghin cu th trng, Cng ty cn thc hin tt cc ni dung sau:

Th nht, v cng tc nghin cu cu:

- Th trng nghin cu: Cng ty cn tin hnh nghin cu cu v cc loi go tng thi im, tng khu vc th trng, nghin cu mt cch y ton din khng ch th m cn m rng cc vng ngoi v ph cn ca Cu Ba. Bn cnh vic duy tr, cng c th trng truyn thng vi sn phm go cht lng thp l vic pht trin th trng mi i vo th trng go cao cp. V cng mt sn lng go nhng nu bn c loi cao cp th gi tr gia tng ca sn phm go s tng ln em li li nhun nhiu hn cho doanh nghip.

- Ni dung nghin cu: Nghin cu cc yu t nh hng n cu ca khch hng: gi c, cht lng

- Phng php nghin cu: Cng ty cn tin hnh nghin cu th trng bng c hai phng php trc tip v gin tip.

- Cch thc t chc: Cn lp ra mt danh sch cc khch hng, phn vng th trng theo khu vc a l. S dng bng hi thm d kin khch hng.

Th hai, v cng tc nghin cu cung:

Nu ch nghin cu nhu cu ca khch hng thi cha , hiu c i th cnh tranh mi quan trng c th lp k hoch tiu th hiu qu. Do vy, trc mt cng ty phi tng cng nghin cu i th cnh tranh l cc doanh nghip kinh doanh thc go trong nc. Phi xem xt v so snh sn phm ca mnh vi i th cnh tranh v gi c, cht lng, dch v khch hng, knh phn phi, chnh sch khuyn mi tm ra u th hay bt li trong cnh tranh m a ra chnh sch ph hp. Khng ch c th cc i th cnh tranh trn th trng quc t n t Thi Lan hay n cng l nhng i tng cn phi nghin cu.Th ba, v nghin cu mng li tiu th

Phi ch r u nhc im ca tng knh tiu th ca Cng ty, i th cnh tranh, mc nh hng ca cc nhn t n kt qu tiu th ca tng knh.

* iu kin p dng

t c hiu qu cao trong cng tc nghin cu th trng, Cng ty cn:

- u t cho hot ng nghin cu th trng v vn, thi gian v cng sc.

- Thnh lp b phn marketing gm nhng ngi nng ng, nhit tnh c trnh chuyn mn v tinh thn trch nhim cao.

* Hiu qu t c

Thc hin tt cng tc nghin cu th trng, Cng ty s t c cc kt qu sau:- p ng nhanh chng, chnh xc nhu cu ca khch hng.

- Bit c th hiu, dung lng ca th trng, bit c khu vc no l th mnh, khu vc no c kh nng thm nhp v m rng.

- Xy dng chnh xc k hoch sn xut, k hoch tiu th i vi tng vng, tng thi im khc phc c tnh trng tha hng, thiu hng.

- X l nhanh nhy trc nhng bin ng ca th trng, ca i th cnh tranh.

3.2.2. Gii php nng cao cht lng sn phm* C s xut gii php tng doanh thu v sn lng cung cp mt hng go cht lng cao th vic m bo v nng cao cht lng sn phm l iu kin khng th thiu gip doanh nghip tng li nhun, gim chi ph v to uy tn cho doanh nghip khi xut khu go cht lng cao.Trong bi cnh hin nay khi nn kinh t ngy cng pht trin, thu nhp ca ngi dn ngy cng tng th nhu cu v go ngon cht lng cao ngy cng nhiu. Cu Ba cng khng nm ngoi xu hng . Mc d s lng khch hng ca sn phm go cht lng cao Cu Ba khng ln nhng nu cng ty khng ch n iu ny m vn tp trung vo th trng go gi r cht lng trung bnh v thp th trong tng lai Cng ty s mt i mt s lng ln khch hng tim nng v khu vc th trng ca Cng ty s dn thu hp.

c bit hin nay khi chng ta gia nhp vo WTO, nn kinh t bc vo hi nhp vi khu vc v th gii s c nhiu sn phm cht lng cao nh go Thi Lan, go n , cnh tranh s ngy cng gay gt v mang tnh quc t cao, nu khng nng cao cht lng go th nu nhu cu v go cht lng cao ngy mt tng, cng ty c th mt i nhiu khch hng khi h quyt nh chn cc sn phm go c cht lng tt hn.

* Ni dung ca gii php

nng cao cht lng sn phm to u th cnh tranh Cng ty cn thc hin tt nhng ni dung sau:Lm tt khu cung ng nguyn liu u vo, chn nhng loi thc cht lng phi ng nht, ln t tp cht, m ph hp. My mc cng ngh d c hin i nhng nguyn liu u vo khng m bo cht lng th khng th c sn phm tt. thu mua c cc sn phm tt, cht lng m bo th Cng ty phi thit lp v xy dng mi quan h bn cht vi hp tc x v cc h nng dn tin hnh cc hot ng thu mua c d dng thun tin, gia cng ty v cc hp tc x lm cc hp ng bao tiu sn phm, khng mua theo kiu hng so mi h mt t cht lng khng ng nht. Bn cnh phi k n trnh t chc qun tr v t chc sn xut l nhn t tc ng trc tip n cht lng sn phm. Nu hot ng qun tr sn xut khng tt c th dn n lm gin on hot ng sn xut, gim cht lng nguyn liu u vo v s nh hng n sn phm u ra. Cng ty hin ang p dng h thng tiu chun ISO 9001: 2000 vo tt c cc lnh vc. nng cao hn na cht lng sn phm cng nh hiu qu qun l v iu hnh doanh nghip trong tng lai Cng ty cn tng cng p dng mt cch trit h thng qun l cht lng theo tiu chun ISO 9001: 2000.

* iu kin p dng

thc hin cc ni dung trn gp phn nng cao cht lng sn phm Cng ty cn xy dng c mi quan h bn cht vi ngi nng dn c th thu c sn phm go m bo cht lng.

* Hiu qu t c

- Cht lng sn phm ang ngy cng c nhn mnh v l mt i hi doanh nghip c th cnh tranh trn thng trng. Cht lng go ca Cng ty c nng cao s gip Cng ty nng cao c nng lc cnh tranh, to u th trn thng trng.

- Sn phm go ca Cng ty c nhiu ngi bit n v Cng ty s khai thc th trng mi: th trng go cao cp.

3.2.3. Gii php v sn xut

Gii php v ngun nguyn liu: Th trng pht trin v m rng, nhu cu v ngun nguyn liu u vo s khng ngng tng. Do , m rng v pht trin th trng, cng ty cn phi m bo c s n nh cng nh cht lng ca ngun nguyn liu u vo thng qua cc bin php sau:

-T chc vng nguyn liu thng qua vic k hp ng vi cc hp tc x sn xut la nguyn liu.

- m bo cht lng v ging la cng ty c th k hp ng cung cp nhng ging la cht lng m cng ty cn vi nng dn, vi cc hp tc x.

Gii php v my mc thit b: Vi s pht trin mnh m ca khoa hc k thut cng ty cn trang b cho cc x nghip xay xt, nh bng go ca mnh mt h thng cc thit b, my mc hin i nhm nng cao cht lng go thnh phm cng nh gim thiu nhng chi ph tht thot. Cng ty cn hon thin h thng bng ti thng cha, trang b cn in t xut hng, ci to nng cp c s kho hng, b sung thay th cc thit b c bng thit b hin i cho dy chuyn lau bng.3.2.4. Gii php v thu thp thng tin v d bo

Tng cng cng tc thu thp thng tin trong ton th cn b cng nhn vin ca cng ty d bo ng nhng din bin ca th trng thng qua s h tr ca cng ngh thng tin, d liu thng k qua, kho st trc tip th trng v t duy sng to nhy bn ca ngun nhn lc sn c.

3.2.5. Gii php v ti chnh k ton

Cng tc ti chnh k ton, c bit l cng tc qun tr ti chnh mt chc nng trng yu ca cng ty khi chuyn sang cng ty c phn, cng ty cn tip tc quan tm nhm phn b vn u t tm ngun ti tr cho hot ng kinh doanh ng thi qun l v s dng mt cch c hiu qu ti sn hin hu ca cng ty.

3.2.6. Gii php v nhn s

Nu nh nm 2006 Vit Nam gia nhp WTO, th y l mt c hi nhng cng trn y thch thc cho tt c cc doanh nghip. Cng ty cn phi ch trng vic o to ngun nhn lc thch ng trong mt mi trng lun bin ng v to iu kin cho nhn vin c tim nng c th sc trong cng vic nhm pht huy mt mnh ca mnh, ng thi tuyn dng ngun nhn lc t cc sinh vin gii cc trng i hc m cng ty ti tr.

Cng ty cn tp trung o to nhn vin ca mnh lnh vc marketing, xy dng thng hiu, tin hc, qun tr hnh chnh 3.2.7. Cc gii php xc tin hn hp

* C s xut gii php

Cc gii php xc tin hn hp m c bit l cng c qung co gm hnh thc gii thiu, truyn tin v sn phm ca doanh nghip ti khch hng, to iu kin d dng hn cho khch hng trong vic la chn sn phm ng thi gip khch hng bit n sn phm ca Cng ty.Trong Cng ty cng a ra mt s gii php xc tin hn hp y mnh tiu th sn phm nhng cha thc s quan tm v ch trng. Trong mi trng cnh tranh hin nay thc y tiu th th vic s dng cng c xc tin hn hp l cn thit.* Ni dung gii php

Th nht, Cng ty cn tng cng hot ng qung co v qung co l phng tin hu hiu nht trong cc cng c xc tin hn hp.

Hin ti cng ty c trang web gii thiu v sn phm v cng ty ti a ch http://namdo.com.vn. Trang web s dng 2 th ting l ting Anh v ting Vit. Phn ting Vit cung cp ni dung kh cn bn v y v cc mt hng cng nh cng ty vi giao din n gin, d s dng. Tuy nhin, v phn ting Anh, phn mc v sn phm vn ang trong qu trnh hon thin dn n mt vi kh khn cho bn hng quc t trong qu trnh truy cp v tm kim thng tin. Cc hot ng khuyn mi, tip th cho hng trn trang web cng cha c chi tit v c th. Cc chnh sch u i vi bn hng lu nm nh Cu ba cng vn ang c xem xt. Do cng ty nn xem xt pht trin nhiu tnh nng hn cng nh cc hot ng qung b trn trang web ny.Th hai, chnh sch thanh ton phi s dng linh hot. Xut khu sang Cu Ba lun gp nhiu kh khn trong khu thanh ton do nc bn thiu ngoi t mnh, vic thanh ton thng thng qua trung gian th ba nn chnh sch thanh ton lun cn c quan tm ch trng.

* iu kin p dng

- Ban lnh o cng nh ton Cng ty phi c nhn thc ng n v thy c s cn thit ca hot ng xc tin hn hp.

- Xy dng ngn qu cho hot ng ny v tin hnh cc hot ng trn cn kh nhiu chi ph.

* Hiu qu t c

Nu thc hin tt cc hot ng xc tin hn hp th lng hng ha tiu th s tng, khch hng s bit, hiu hn v Cng ty cng nh cc mt hng go ca Cng ty. Do s gp phn lm tng doanh thu, li nhun cho cng ty.

KT LUN

Trong bt k mt doanh nghip xut khu no th vn y mnh xut khu lun l mt trong nhng khu quan trng ca qu trnh kinh doanh. Qu trnh xut khu din ra nh th no ng ngha vi s tn ti v pht trin ca doanh nghip xut khu . Nht l trong mi trng kinh doanh xut khu v th trng th gii ngy cng cnh tranh khc lit nh hin nay, vn y mnh xut khu li cng quan trng hn.

Trn c s phn tch mt s vn l lun v xut khu v y mnh hot ng xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba, ti Gii php y mnh xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty c phn xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm H Ni s gip vic pht hin nhng li th, c hi cng nh nhng tn ti, thch thc cho vic thc y xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba c thun li v t hiu qu cao. Qua qu trnh phn tch xuyn sut ti, cho thy vic kinh doanh xut khu go ti cng ty VIHAFOODCO t c nhng thnh cng nht nh, kim ngch xut khu ngy cng tng cao, sn lng go xut khu ca cng ty lun chim t trng cao. Tuy nhin, cng ty cng c nhng mt cn hn ch, kh khn nht nh nh: cha thc s xy dng c thng hiu ring cho sn phm, cha c knh phn phi cho ring mnh. Do vy, bn cnh vic duy tr nhng thnh cng m cng ty t c, cng ty cn ch n nhng mt hn ch m cng ty cn tn ti.

Do ti nghin cu lin quan n nhiu lnh vc nn bi vit s kh trnh khi nhng thiu st, hn ch. V vy em rt mong nhn c kin ng gp ca thy gio cng ton th cn b c ch trong cng ty bi vit c hon thin hn.Sinh vin thc hin

Nguyn Quang

DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO1. PGS.TS. Nguyn Duy Bt, Gio trnh thng mi quc t, NXB Thng k, 1997.

2. B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn - Bo co Nghin cu kh nng cnh tranh ca mt hng go trong bi cnh hi nhp - 2002.

3. TS. Trn Vn He, Nghip v kinh doanh xut nhp khu, Nh xut bn i hc kinh t quc dn, H Ni, 2007.

4. Thanh Loan, Th trng go th gii, Tp ch th trng gi c s 8-2005.

5. Tng cc thng k, Xut nhp khu hng ha Vit Nam 20 nm i mi, Nh xut bn thng k, H Ni, 2006.

6. Trung tm thng tin pht trin nng nghip nng thn - Bo co thng nin ngnh hng la go Vit Nam 2007 v trin vng 2008 - 2007.7. Cc trang web:

http://www.vneconomy.vn (Trang bo in t - Thi bo kinh t Vit Nam)

http://www.ipsard.gov.vn ( Trang web Trung tm thng tin pht trin nng nghip nng thn )

http://vietnamnet.vn ( Trang web vietnamnet )

http://www.agroviet.gov.vn ( Cng thng tin in t B nng nghip v pht trin nng thn )

http://www.fao.org ( Trang web ca T chc lng nng ca LHQ )

http://vinanet.com.vn ( Trang web Trung tm thng tin thng mi B cng thng )

http://www.thongtinthuongmaivietnam.com.vn ( Trang web thng tin thng mi Vit Nam )

http://namdo.com.vn ( Trang web cng ty VIHAFOODCO)

http://vinafood1.com.vn ( Trang web Tng cng ty lng thc min Bc)

8. Mt s ti liu tham kho ca cng ty VIHAFOODCO.

Bo co kt qu kinh doanh cc nm 2005, 2006, 2007

Khi lng v tr gi go xut khu theo th trng

Kt qu xut khu cc mt hng nng sn ch yu

C cu cc loi go xut khu nm 2005, 2006, 2007.

MC LC

Trang

1M U

4CHNG I:

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc196123876" C IM TH TRNG CU BA V VN XUT KHU GO CA VIT NAM SANG TH TRNG CU BA

41.1. C IM TH TRNG CU BA

41.1.1. V tr a l

41.1.2. c im v kinh t - chnh tr

71.1.3. c im ca th trng Cu Ba v nhp khu go

81.2. KH NNG XUT KHU GO CA VIT NAM VO TH TRNG CU BA

81.2.1. Khi qut tnh hnh xut khu go ca Vit Nam

111.2.2. Cu Ba Mt trong nhng th trng trng im v xut khu go ca Vit Nam

181.3. NHN T NH HNG N XUT KHU GO VO TH TRNG CU BA

181.3.1. Nhng nhn t tch cc

201.3.2. Nhng nhn t tiu cc

21CHNG II:

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc196123888" THC TRNG XUT KHU GO CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO SANG TH TRNG CU BA

212.1. KHI QUT V CNG TY C PHN XUT NHP KHU LNG THC - THC PHM H NI

212.1.1. Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin

222.1.2. Chc nng, nhim v ca cng ty

222.1.3. M hnh t chc sn xut v b my qun tr

272.2. TNH HNH KINH DOANH XUT KHU CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO

302.3. PHN TCH V NH GI THC TRNG XUT KHU GO CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO SANG TH TRNG CU BA

302.3.1. Phn tch xut khu go ca cng ty vo th trng Cu Ba

362.3.2. nh gi thc trng xut khu go sang th trng Cu Ba ca cng ty

43CHNG III:

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc196123898" GII PHP Y MNH XUT KHU GO SANG TH TRNG CU BA CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO

433.1. PHNG HNG PHT TRIN CA CNG TY

433.1.1. Phng hng, nhim v sn xut ca Cng ty nm 2007 v nhng nm tip theo

443.1.2. Phng hng pht trin th trng tiu th sn phm ca Cng ty giai on 2007 2010

453.2. GII PHP Y MNH XUT KHU GO SANG TH TRNG CU BA CA CNG TY VIHAFOODCO

453.2.1. y mnh hot ng nghin cu th trng

473.2.2. Gii php nng cao cht lng sn phm

493.2.3. Gii php v sn xut

503.2.4. Gii php v thu thp thng tin v d bo

503.2.5. Gii php v ti chnh k ton

503.2.6. Gii php v nhn s

513.2.7. Cc gii php xc tin hn hp

53KT LUN

DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO54DANH MC BIU BNG V BIU Trang

12Bng 1: 30 th trng t kim ngch xut khu go ln nht trong nm 2007

13Bng 2: Cc th trng xut khu go trong thng 12/2007

14Bng 3: Mt s l hng xut khu trong thng 12/07

15Bng 4: Cc th trng xut khu go ln ca Vit Nam 11 thng u nm 2007

16Bng 5: Cc th trng xut khu go ln ca Vit Nam trong thng 11/2007

27Bng 6: Kt qu xut khu theo mt hng ( 2005-2007)

28Bng 7: Kt qu kinh doanh ( 2005-2007 )

29Bng 8: Kim ngch xut khu go

30Bng 9: Khi lng v tr gi go xut khu theo th trng

31Bng 10: Kt qu xut khu theo th trng ( 2005-2007)

39Bng 11: Gi mt s loi go u nm 2008

10Biu 2: Lng go xut khu ca Vit Nam qua cc thng

9Biu 1: Din bin gi go xut khu 5% tm 2007-2008 (USD/tn, FOB)

33Biu 3 : C cu cc loi go xut khu nm 2005

34Biu 5: C cu cc loi go xut khu nm 2007

34Biu 4 : C cu cc loi go xut khu nm 2006

24S 2.1 : C CU B MY QUN L CA CNG TY

Ban kim sot

Chi nhnh sn xut ch bin Lung thc thc phm

Chi nhnh kinh doanh tng hp

Chi nhnh dch v du lch

Chi nhnh kinh doanh lng thc thc phm

Chi nhnh thng mi ng a

Chi nhnh thng mi Hon Kim

Chi nhnh kinh doanh go cht lng cao

Chi nhnh ti An Giang

Khi cc chi nhnh trc thuc

Trng b phn u t ti chnh

Trng phng qun l u t v xy dng

Trng phng t chc hnh chnh

Trng phng kinh doanh th trng

Trng phng ti chnh k ton

Ban gim c

Hi ng qun tr

Ban kim sot

i hi ng c ng

i hi ng c ng

Hi ng Qun tr

Ban gim c

PAGE 2Sinh vin: Nguyn Quang TMQT 46