Chapter 9 Ship’s Repair

2st 2-hourNov. 29, 2010

1. Review and warm-up

1.1 Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese

sustain

maintain/maintainance

overhaul

tender

invoice

be fabricated from

In principle

originate from

sound

Welding consumable

维修 / 保养

遭受

大修

投标

发票

由…制成

原则上

源于 / 起因于

彻底的 / 鸣放

焊条

1.2 Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. When the ship has been in operation for a certain length of time, damage resulting from natural causes (perils of the sea) or through human factor is bound to occur, and she will then need repairing.

2. In general, when hull structure covered by classification is to be subjected to repairs, the work is to be carried out under the supervision of the Surveyor to the Classification Society. Such repairs are to be agreed prior to commencement of the work.

1.3 warm-up

1. How many types of ship’s repair are there? What are they?

2. How to write up a repair list in English(refer to the notes)?

(2) 用动词不定式表示应进行的修理在编制修理单中，拟进行的修理是“未来的按计划应进行的动

作”，用动词 be 接不定式的被动语态表示。这里将动词 be省略，即： sth. to be done 。如：

Guide hole protecting net of bow thruster to be dismantled, inside of hole to be cleaned and derusted.

艏侧推器的导孔防护网应拆检，孔内应进行清洗和除锈。Floor ceiling to be renewed partly.底舱底板应部分换新。 (to be continued)

修理单的语言特点(1) 修理项目的部位要明确。如：ventilator behind port mooring winch on the forecastle艏楼甲板左绞缆机后的通风筒shell plating between light loadline and deep loadline轻重水线之间的船壳版

(3) 修理中所采用的方法用 by 表示各种修理方法，如 chipping, scaling, welding, scrapin

g 等，接在 by 之后，作状语。如：The rusted part to be derusted by chipping.锈蚀的部分用敲铲的方法除锈。The ceiling board of No. 3 hold to be mended by repa

lcing the damaged part about 8 sq. m. 3 号舱底板应挖补约 8 平方米。

(4) 修理中所使用的工具、原料、设备等用 with 表示修理中所使用的各种工具、原料、设备等，如 high pressure wa

ter, paint, dry ice, grease, rubber 等，接在 with 之后，作状语。如：

About 600m caulking seams of asphalt and oakum on bridge deck to be removed and reaculked with rubber.

驾驶台甲板上约 600 米长的沥青麻丝捻缝应挖出，并用橡胶重捻。

Packing grooves to be chipped and painted with two coats of red lead paint.

填料槽应予以敲铲，并涂 2 度红丹漆。 ( to be continued)

(5) 常见的有关损坏的术语damaged 损坏的 blocked/plugged 堵塞的 deformed 变形

的 bent 弯曲的 dented 凹陷的 loose 松动的cracked 龟裂的 fractured 断裂的 missed 失落的lost 遗失的 worn down 磨损的 rusted 生锈的(6) 常见的有关修理的术语to be scrapped/scaled 铲绣 / 除锈 to be chipped 敲绣to be painted 油漆 to be redrawn 重画to be refitted 重装 to be checked 检查to be recorded 记录 to be cement washed 刷水泥to be supplied 供应 to be dismantled 拆卸to be re-rigged in order 重新装妥 to be faired up 矫平to be replaced 更换 to be recharged 重新填充 / 重灌to be renewed 更新 to be copped off 割除to be adjusted 调整 to be overhauled 彻底检修to be made good 修复 to be built up by welding 堆焊填补to be subjected to hose test 做冲水实验

2. The study of Passage Two Deck and Hull Maintenance

2.1 Vocabulary

bulwark: an extension of a ship‘s sides above the level of the deck 舷墙

degreaser ：去脂剂 “ de” is a prefix here, showing an opposite, remove, reduce. e.g. decode 解码 defrost 解冻，去霜 deregulate 解除管制

perpendicular [7pE:pEn5dikjulE] adj. a straight line at an angle of 90° to a given line, plane, or surface 垂直的，成直角的gland [^lAnd] n. a sleeve used to produce a seal around a piston rod or other shaft 压盖，密封套

ambient [5AmbiEnt] adj. of or relating to the immediate surroundings of something 周围的 e.g. the ambient air; ambient sound; the ambient temperature周围的空气；周围的声音；周围的温度

encompass [in5kQmpEs] vt.(1) to include a large number or range of things 包含，包括，涉及（大量事物） e.g.The course will encompass physics, chemistry and biology. 课程将包括物理、化学和生物学。

(2) to surround or cover something completely 包围；围绕；围住 The atmosphere encompass the earth. 大气包围着地球

hose [hEuz] n. a long tube made of rubber, plastic, etc., used for putting water onto fires, gardens, etc. （灭火、浇花等用的）橡皮管，塑料管，水龙带

vt. to wash or pour water on something using a hose 用软管输水冲洗（或浇水）

loadline & plimsoll line marking 载重线 /干舷标志

boot-top n. the area between the water lines of a ship when fully loaded and when unloaded. 水线带 ( 轻载与重载水线之间 )

bulbous bow mark 球鼻首标记

port of registry on transom 船尾注册港

speed log 计程仪

bilge keel n. each of a pair of plates or timbers fastened under the sides of the hull of a ship to provide lateral resistance to the water, prevent rolling, and support its weight in dry dock 舭龙骨

anti-fouling coating 防污漆 “ anti-” is a prefix, which means isomebody is anti somebody/something, they do not like or agree with that person or thing

反；反对 /对立；对立面 / 防；防止 e.g. anticlockwise, anticyclone, antilock( 防抱死的）

apply cement 搪水泥，涂水泥 apply ： to put or spread something such as paint, cream, etc. onto a surface 涂；敷；施 e.g. apply paint( 涂油漆）

apply fertilizer (施化肥）

2.2 The study of Passage Two Deck and Hull Maintenance

On arrival in the dock the vessel’s entire hull area, from the bulwarks to the keel plates is to be fresh water washed using Hi-pressure jets at a minimum pressure of 200 bar (3000 psi). All scale, loose paint, marine growth, or other foreign matter is to be removed and any oily residue cleaned as required using an approved de-greaser – all areas are to be pre-agreed by the Owner’s representative.

Adequate access must be provided so that the Hi-pressure water jets are no more than 300 mm away from and perpendicular to the hull surface.

Any scale or marine growth which cannot be removed by water jetting is to be removed by hand-scraping – areas are to be pre-agreed by the Owner’s representative.

Washed with fresh water by using Hi-pressure jets 使用高压淡水清洗

psi: 1 pound per square inch 1bar=14.5psi

Here refers to ship’s owner 指的是船舶所有人，船东

不过： He is no more than a singer . 他只不过是个歌手。仅仅： He has no more than $100。 他仅有 100美元。

The hull surface is to be chloride tested after washing down with fresh water, the maximum acceptable limit is 10mg/cm.

Extension plugs are to be fitted to all deck scupper and hull openings expected to discharge water, such that any water discharged goes directly into the dock bottom.

Protective covers are to be provided for the propeller, stern tube sealing/gland and rudder pintle.All agreed areas are to be blasted to SA 2.5 quality unless otherwise specified.

The air used for blasting is to be dry and clean and the air pressure is to be maintained at around 7.5 bars.

.

甲板排水孔

Here refers to the contents of the chloride

使得满足…的条件 e.g.Make a lee for the pilot boat such that the pilot can board the vessel safely.给引水艇做下风，这样引水就可以安全登船。

sand·blast 喷砂Roughen or clean (a surface) with a jet of sand driven by compressed air or steam清理等级也称为清洁度，代表性国际标准有两种：一种是美国85年制订“ SSPC-” ；第二种是瑞典76年制订的“ S

a -” ，它分为四个等级分别为 Sa1 、 Sa2 、 Sa2.5 、 Sa3 ，为国际惯常通用标准，其中的 Sa2.5级——是工业上普遍使用的并可以作为验收技术要求及标准的级别。 Sa2.5级也叫近白清理级（近白级或出白级）。 翻译：除非另有规定，所有同意的区域喷砂至 SA2.5级，

The air used for blasting is to be dry and clean and the air pressure is to be maintained at around 7.5 bars.

Only new grit is to be used for blasting, which is to be dry and free from water soluble salts, and the grit size is to be a 50 – 50 mix of grit sizes of 0.2 – 0.5 mm and 0.5 and 1.0 mm.

All spot blasted edges to be adequately feathered.

Hull areas in way of the cargo manifolds port and starboard, encompassing the boot-top & topsides areas below the manifold rail are to be fully blasted.

After blasting, the hull area is to be blown with dry air to remove all loose grit and other contamination and then the first coat of paint to be applied.

After the first coat has been over blasted areas, the complete hull is to be hosed down with fresh water to remove all contaminants.

只能用新的砂粒用于喷砂，砂粒应该干爽并不含水溶性盐。砂粒的尺寸为 0.2-0.5mm与

0.5mm 和 1.0mm 以各占 50% 的比例混合feather: vt. to thin, reduce, or fringe the edge of by cutting, shaving, or wearing away. 使具羽状：用剪、剃、

刮或磨损的方式使变薄、减少或加穗于边缘翻译： 所有局部喷砂区域的边缘应进行充分打薄。

In way of 在…位置 e.g. the stiffner in way of bulkhead,隔舱壁上加强筋

All paints, coatings & solvents are to be owner-supplied but the yard is to provide storage of these at no charge to the Owner.Paint is to be applied by the airless spray method, using short spray guns without the extensions. Special care to be taken when spraying the final coat on topside. New nozzles and best sprayers to be used for spraying this coat.

In order to obtain proper check on paint consumption, the paint cans empty as well as full should be placed in maximum two (2) locations in the working area. Damaged or buckled drums to be set aside and returned to Manufacturer without any costs for the Owner.

No empty paint cans shall be removed from the working area before check and approval of vessel’s appointed officer. All paint shall be mechanically stirred before application.

=supplied by the owner 由船东提供的at no charge to sb =free fo

r sb 对某人免费apply: to put or spread something such as paint, cream, etc. onto a

surface 涂；敷；施 (usually plural) weather deck; the part of a ship‘s hull that is above the waterline 干舷，水线以上部分

=which are empty as well as full形容词短语作后置定语，

buckle ： bend out of shape, as under pressure or from heat 变形，弯曲 ; e.g. “The highway buckled during the heatwave .

高速公路在热浪中变形。

The spray equipment pressure, nozzle tip sizes and spray angle, paint film thickness and over coating intervals to be in accordance with paint Manufacturer’s recommendations.

Thinning of paints and cleaning of equipment otherwise than specified by the Manufacturer’s data sheets or separate instructions in writing is not allowed. During the paint application the temperature of the steel surface to be painted should be at least 3 above ℃ dew point of the ambient air.The overall relative humidity of the ambient air must be below 85 percent before any paint application is allowed.

Dry thickness of each coat to be spot checked. Application of paint must not start before approval by Owner’s Representative.

Special attention shall be given to the application of the paint material in order to avoid uneven film thickness, rough paint surface, cracking, sagging or running. Materials, Manufacturer’s advice and recommendations to be strictly adhered to.

the interval between each coating 复涂间隔

与…一致 e.g. in accordance with the plans 与计划一致

otherwise than=other than 除…之外，常用于否定句 e.g. No one travels otherwise than on horseback. 只能骑着马走。本句翻译：稀释油漆和清洗机器设备只能按照厂商的数据表或者单独的书面说明进行。

为避免油漆涂层厚度不均、漆面不平、开裂、下垂或流淌，刷油漆时应特别注意。

adhere to ： follow through or carry out a plan without deviation遵守，坚持 ; e.g. We should strictly adhere to the rules. 我们应谨守规则 .

Wind force 12kn and over prohibits anti-fouling application. No spent abrasive disposal on or around the ship allowed during application of anti-fouling.

Night applications are only permitted subject to Owner’s approval of lighting in dry-dock and outside humidity conditions.

Yard must provide English-speaking man or men to supervise the surface preparation and painting operation on a full time basis beside the Sub-contractor’s foreman or foremen.

This man will be responsible for the control of sub-contractor labour and take instructions where required from the Owner’s Representative.The application of all topside and boot-top coatings is to be completed prior to the application of any anti-fouling.

Yard is to make good all fender damage prior to sailing.

anti-fouling:used of e.g. coatings to protect against accumulation of barnacles etc on underwater surfaces 防污的 ; e.g."antifouling pa

int"; "antifouling chemicals"

在涂防污漆时，不得在船上或者船附近进行研磨作业。

subject to: being under the power or sovereignty of another or others须服从，依照，按照 e.g. The plan is subject to the manager's approval.该计划须经经理批准。本句翻译：只有得到船东就干船坞和潮湿环境下照明许可方可进行夜间油漆喷涂。

on a full time basis:全日制 e.g.Would you like to work for us on a full time basis? 你愿意在我们公司担任全职吗

(in) the place or situation in which （在）…的地方；（在）…情况下 本句翻译：这个人负责指挥分包商的人员并在需要时接受船东代表的指示。

=have all the fender damage repaired 修好所有因碰垫造成的损坏

Any damage to the coating caused by contamination with blasting grit or debris attached to paint work at water level, is to be repaired by the yard using chemicals/scrubbing as approved by owner’s representative or paint manufacturer’s representative.

The Owner’s paint supplier shall be INTERNATIONAL PAINTS. Yard is to allow 24 hours for the drying of the final coat after application is completed before filling the dry-dock.

Hull Markings Yard is to re-coat the following hull markings using 2 coats of owner-supplied

white paint.1. Vessel name on transom and bow port & starboard.2. Port of Registry on transom.3. Loadline & plimsoll line markings.4. Pilot embarkation and tug markings.5. Tank boundary markings.6. Manifold & bulbous bow marks.8 hrs. of curing time to be included in the underwater areas before

immersion.

attach to: to fasten or join one thing to another 把…固定，把…

附（在…上） 像 ...一样 ;依照 ;像 e.g. You ought to do as Paul tells you. 你应按照保罗吩咐的做。

本句翻译：在对干船坞冲水前，船厂会留 24小时以便让最后一层油漆干透。

curing ： the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or dryin

g or crystallization 固化，硬化

Hull AnodesYard is to remove all wasted hull anodes attached to the underwater area

of the vessel—bilge keels, stern tube boss, rudder blade, etc. Anodes to be fitted after completion of painting.

Yard is to supply and install the anodes to the underwater area of the vessel:

Sea Chests Class surveyor attendance required.No. of sea chests –5pcs.1. Remove all locking wires and nuts and open sea chests for examination.2. Remove existing zinc anodes.3. Hard scrape gratings and internal surfaces to remove barnacles.4. Blast gratings and sea chest internals to SA 2.5.5. After two coats of anti-corrosive have been applied to the spaces, fit new

yard-supplied zinc anodes - 4 x 10kg per sea chest.

The sea chest is a rectangular recess in the hull of a vessel that provides an intake reservoir from which piping systems draw raw water. Most sea chests are protected by removable gratings and contain baffle plates to dampen the effects of vessel speed or sea state. The intake size of sea chests varies from less than 10 cm to several square meters. 海底箱格栅和内部

喷砂至 SA2.5

6. Gratings and sea chest internals to be coated with owner-supplied paint according to the same coating sequence used for underwater hull.

7. Following the curing of the anti-fouling coating the sea chest is to be internally examined by the Owner’s Representative before closure by the yard.

8. Yard is to close and re-secure the gratings using new, yard-supplied SS nuts and SS locking wire.

Prior to installation of any anodes a material certificate, identifying and verifying the anodes to be used, is to be presented to the Owner’s Representative for approval and record purpose.

Old Bolted Zn Anodes to be removed and then the chest quoted as specified and then new Yard supplied Zn. Anodes to be put on.

Apply cement on Bolted Holes after installation.

after or as a result of a particular event 在（某事）以后

本句翻译：防污漆固化后，海底箱还应该由船东代表进行内部检查然

后船厂将其关闭。

verify ： to check that something is true or accurate 核实；查对；核准

bolt: to fasten things together with a bolt 用螺栓（把甲和乙）固定在一起

本句翻译：安装后，在螺栓孔上涂水泥。

后置定语 =which is used to identify and verify the a

nodes to be used

3. Summary of this lesson

In today’s class we studied the language features of repair list, e.g. words, tense, and grammer voice, etc. Some extracts from repair list are also included in this class, too.

4. Homework

4.1 Please go over the new words and the passages we studied today and get ready for the translation orally next class.

4.2 Preview Passage Two of Part One