77845182-Asme-Section-Viii-Div-1-2-3

ASME SECT. VIII DIV-I ASME SECT. VIII DIV-I

CODES, STANDARDS & CODES, STANDARDS & SPECIFICATIONS SPECIFICATIONS

ASME Section VIII Division-1, 2 & 3ASME Section VIII Division-1, 2 & 3

Historical Development of ASME Section VIII Historical Development of ASME Section VIII Div- 1, 2 & 3Div- 1, 2 & 3– In the early 20th century, explosion of steam boilers In the early 20th century, explosion of steam boilers

in U.S was frequent. Occurring rate 1/day.in U.S was frequent. Occurring rate 1/day.– 1914: ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code is 1914: ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code is

published.published.– 1925: First publication of Section VIII – Unfired 1925: First publication of Section VIII – Unfired

Pressure Vessels.Pressure Vessels.– 1934: API+ASME jointly published unfired pressure 1934: API+ASME jointly published unfired pressure

vessel code for petroleum industry.vessel code for petroleum industry.– 1952: These two codes are merged in to single code: 1952: These two codes are merged in to single code:

ASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code Section VIIIASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII– 1968: ASME Section VIII Div-2 is published and 1968: ASME Section VIII Div-2 is published and

original code became Div-1original code became Div-1– 1997: ASME Sec VIII division 3 is published.1997: ASME Sec VIII division 3 is published.

ASME Section VIII Division-1, 2 & 3ASME Section VIII Division-1, 2 & 3

ASME Section VIII codes are most widely used ASME Section VIII codes are most widely used worldwide.worldwide.Section VIII is divided into three divisions:Section VIII is divided into three divisions:– Division 1: Rules for construction of pressure vesselsDivision 1: Rules for construction of pressure vessels– Division 2: Alternative Rules for construction of Division 2: Alternative Rules for construction of

pressure vessels.pressure vessels.– Division 3: Alternative Rules for construction of high Division 3: Alternative Rules for construction of high

pressure vessels.pressure vessels.Division 1 is used most often since it contains sufficient Division 1 is used most often since it contains sufficient requirements for majority of pressure vessels.requirements for majority of pressure vessels.The main objective of ASME Code rules is to establish The main objective of ASME Code rules is to establish the minimum requirements that are necessary for safe the minimum requirements that are necessary for safe construction and operation. construction and operation. ASME Code defines the requirements for material, ASME Code defines the requirements for material, design, fabrication, inspection and testing which are design, fabrication, inspection and testing which are needed to achieve a safe design.needed to achieve a safe design.

ASME Section VIII Division-1ASME Section VIII Division-1

Scope:Scope:– Applicable for pressure between 15 psig and Applicable for pressure between 15 psig and

3000 psig.3000 psig.– Code requirements do not apply to non Code requirements do not apply to non

pressure parts, however welds which attach pressure parts, however welds which attach non pressure parts on pressure parts shall non pressure parts on pressure parts shall meet code rules.meet code rules.

World Wide Pressure Vessel World Wide Pressure Vessel CodesCodes

Different industrial nations, institutions and organizations have Different industrial nations, institutions and organizations have developed standards and codes of the pressure vessel for developed standards and codes of the pressure vessel for

– Design Design – FabricationFabrication– InspectionInspection

These codes and standards help the Design,Fabrication, These codes and standards help the Design,Fabrication, Inspection engineer to size the vessel properly for its safe Inspection engineer to size the vessel properly for its safe operation.operation.

Advantages of design codes:Advantages of design codes:– Proven design based on experience.Proven design based on experience.– Inbuilt factor of safety.Inbuilt factor of safety.

– Amendments of codes are being done at regular interval Amendments of codes are being done at regular interval based on feed back data, design improvements and based on feed back data, design improvements and technological up gradation in materials and fabrication technological up gradation in materials and fabrication processes.processes.


Scope:Scope:– Code identifies specific items for which it is Code identifies specific items for which it is

not applicable. This includes:not applicable. This includes:Fired process tubular heaters (e.g. furnaces).Fired process tubular heaters (e.g. furnaces).

Pressure containers which are integral part of Pressure containers which are integral part of mechanical devices (e.g. pumps, turbines).mechanical devices (e.g. pumps, turbines).

Piping system and their components.Piping system and their components.

ASME BOILER & PRESSURE VESSELS CODESASME BOILER & PRESSURE VESSELS CODES

I. POWER BOILERSI. POWER BOILERS II. MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONSII. MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS III. NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMPONENTSIII. NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMPONENTS IV. HEATING BOILERSIV. HEATING BOILERS V. NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONV. NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION VI. RECOMMANDATED RULES FOR CARE & VI. RECOMMANDATED RULES FOR CARE & OPERATION OF HEATING BOILERSOPERATION OF HEATING BOILERS VII. RECOMMANDATED RULE FOR CARE OF POWER BOILERSVII. RECOMMANDATED RULE FOR CARE OF POWER BOILERS VIII. PRESSURE VESSELS –DIVISION-1 ,DIVISION-2 & DIVISION-3VIII. PRESSURE VESSELS –DIVISION-1 ,DIVISION-2 & DIVISION-3 IX. WELDING & BRAZING QUALIFICATIONS.IX. WELDING & BRAZING QUALIFICATIONS. X. FIBERGLASS-REINFORCED PLASTIC PRESSURE VESSELSX. FIBERGLASS-REINFORCED PLASTIC PRESSURE VESSELS XI. RULES FOR INSERVICE INSPECTION OF NUCLEAR POWER XI. RULES FOR INSERVICE INSPECTION OF NUCLEAR POWER

PLANT COMPONENTSPLANT COMPONENTS XII. RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION AND CONTINUED SERVICE OF XII. RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION AND CONTINUED SERVICE OF

TRANSPORT TANKS.TRANSPORT TANKS.

ASME Section VIII Division-1ASME Section VIII Division-1Structure of Sec VIII Div-1: It is divided Structure of Sec VIII Div-1: It is divided into three subsections:into three subsections:– Subsection ASubsection A: It consists part UG, general : It consists part UG, general

requirements for Method of construction .requirements for Method of construction .

that apply to all pressure vessel partsthat apply to all pressure vessel parts, , – Subsection BSubsection B: It covers requirements that : It covers requirements that

apply to various fabrication methods. apply to various fabrication methods. Subsection B consists of –Subsection B consists of –

Part UW for welded constructionPart UW for welded constructionPart UF for forged constructionPart UF for forged constructionPart UB for brazed constructionPart UB for brazed construction

- - Subsection CSubsection C: It covers requirements for several : It covers requirements for several classes of material.classes of material.

Structure of ASME Section VIII Div-1Structure of ASME Section VIII Div-1

ASME SEC –VIII DIV- 1 Consists of:ASME SEC –VIII DIV- 1 Consists of:– Introduction -UIntroduction -U– Subsection A -General RequirementsSubsection A -General Requirements (Part UG)(Part UG)– Subsection B -Specific Requirements - Methods Subsection B -Specific Requirements - Methods (Parts UW, UF, UB)(Parts UW, UF, UB)– Subsection C -Specific Requirements - Materials Subsection C -Specific Requirements - Materials (Parts UCS, UNF, UHA, UCI, UCL,(Parts UCS, UNF, UHA, UCI, UCL, UCD, UHT, ULW, ULT, UHX)UCD, UHT, ULW, ULT, UHX)– Mandatory AppendicesMandatory Appendices -Appendix 1 to 40-Appendix 1 to 40– Non Mandatory AppendicesNon Mandatory Appendices -Appendix A, C, … LL, MM (25 nos.)-Appendix A, C, … LL, MM (25 nos.)

Subsection A -General RequirementsSubsection A -General Requirements

Part UG : General Requirements for all Methods ofPart UG : General Requirements for all Methods of

Construction and all MaterialsConstruction and all Materials– Materials UG-4 to UG-15 Materials UG-4 to UG-15 – Design UG-16 to UG-35Design UG-16 to UG-35– Openings and Reinforcement Openings and Reinforcement UG-36 to UG-46UG-36 to UG-46– Braced and stayed surfacesBraced and stayed surfaces UG-47 to UG-50UG-47 to UG-50– Ligaments UG-53 to UG-55Ligaments UG-53 to UG-55– Fabrication UG-75 to UG-85Fabrication UG-75 to UG-85– Inspection and Tests UG-90 to UG-103Inspection and Tests UG-90 to UG-103– Markings and Reports UG-115 to UG-120Markings and Reports UG-115 to UG-120– Pressure Relief Devices UG-125 to UG-137Pressure Relief Devices UG-125 to UG-137

Subsection B -Requirements pertaining to Subsection B -Requirements pertaining to methods of Fabrication of Pressure Vesselsmethods of Fabrication of Pressure Vessels

Part UW : Requirements for Pressure vessels fabricated Part UW : Requirements for Pressure vessels fabricated

by Weldingby Welding– General UW-1 to UW-3 General UW-1 to UW-3 – Materials UW-5Materials UW-5– Design UW-8 to UW-21Design UW-8 to UW-21– Fabrication UW-26 to UW-42Fabrication UW-26 to UW-42– Inspection and Tests UW-46 to UW-53Inspection and Tests UW-46 to UW-53– Markings and Reports UW-60Markings and Reports UW-60– Pressure Relief Devices UW-65Pressure Relief Devices UW-65

Part UF : Requirements for Pressure vessel fabricated byPart UF : Requirements for Pressure vessel fabricated by

ForgingForging

Part UB : Requirements for Pressure vessel fabricated byPart UB : Requirements for Pressure vessel fabricated by

BrazingBrazing

Subsection C -Requirements pertaining Subsection C -Requirements pertaining to Classes of Materials to Classes of Materials

Part UCSPart UCS – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Carbon and Low Alloy SteelsCarbon and Low Alloy Steels

Part UNF – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Part UNF – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Non Ferrous MaterialsNon Ferrous Materials

Part UHA – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Part UHA – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of High Alloy SteelHigh Alloy Steel

Part UCI – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Part UCI – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast IronCast Iron

Part UCLPart UCL – Requirements for Welded Pressure Vessels Constructed – Requirements for Welded Pressure Vessels Constructed of of Material non corrosion resistant, Integral Cladding,Material non corrosion resistant, Integral Cladding, Weld Metal Overlay, Cladding or with AppliedWeld Metal Overlay, Cladding or with Applied LiningsLinings

Part UCD – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Part UCD – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast Ductile IronCast Ductile Iron

Subsection C -Requirements pertaining Subsection C -Requirements pertaining to Classes of Materials to Classes of Materials (Continued)(Continued)

Part UHT – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Part UHT – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of

Ferritic Steels with Tensile Properties enhanced byFerritic Steels with Tensile Properties enhanced by

Heat TreatmentHeat Treatment

Part ULW – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed ofPart ULW – Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of

Layered ConstructionLayered Construction

Part ULT – Alternative Rules for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Part ULT – Alternative Rules for Pressure Vessels Constructed of

Material having higher allowable stresses at lowerMaterial having higher allowable stresses at lower

temperaturestemperatures

Part UHX – Rules for Shell and Tube Heat ExchangersPart UHX – Rules for Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers

ASME SEC VIII DIV 1ASME SEC VIII DIV 1COVERS THE DESIGN OF PRESSURE COMPONENTS AS LISTED BELOWCOVERS THE DESIGN OF PRESSURE COMPONENTS AS LISTED BELOW

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.1. UG-27 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE UG-27 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE 2.2. UG-28 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSUREUG-28 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSURE3.3. UG-29 -----STIFFENING RINGS OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER UG-29 -----STIFFENING RINGS OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSUREEXTERNAL PRESSURE4.4. UG-32 & 33 ---- FORMED HEAD , COVERS ELLIPSOIDAL, TORISHERICAL, UG-32 & 33 ---- FORMED HEAD , COVERS ELLIPSOIDAL, TORISHERICAL,

HEMISHERICAL, CONICAL & TORICONICAL HEADS.HEMISHERICAL, CONICAL & TORICONICAL HEADS.5.5. UG-34 ---- UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS & COVERSUG-34 ---- UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS & COVERS6.6. UG-36 & 37 ---- OPENING IN PRESSURE VESSELS & REINFORCEMENTSUG-36 & 37 ---- OPENING IN PRESSURE VESSELS & REINFORCEMENTS7.7. UG-41 ---- STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENTSUG-41 ---- STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENTS8.8. UG -47 ----- BRACED & STAYED SURFACEUG -47 ----- BRACED & STAYED SURFACE9.9. UG – 53 – LIGAMENTUG – 53 – LIGAMENT10.10. UW-12 & 15 – WELD EFFICIENCY & WELDED CONNECTION DESIGNUW-12 & 15 – WELD EFFICIENCY & WELDED CONNECTION DESIGN11.11. UCS -56 – REQUIRMENT OF PWHTUCS -56 – REQUIRMENT OF PWHT12.12. UG -99 & 100 – HYDROTEST & PNUMATIC TEST REQUIREMENTUG -99 & 100 – HYDROTEST & PNUMATIC TEST REQUIREMENT

PRESSURE VESSEL ASME SEC VIII DIV 1PRESSURE VESSEL ASME SEC VIII DIV 1----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------UG-27 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE UG-27 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE UG-28 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSUREUG-28 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSURE UG-29 -----STIFFENING RINGS OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER UG-29 -----STIFFENING RINGS OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSURE EXTERNAL PRESSUREUG-32 & 33 ---- FORMED HEAD , COVERS ELLIPSOIDAL, UG-32 & 33 ---- FORMED HEAD , COVERS ELLIPSOIDAL, TORISHERICAL, HEMISHERICAL, CONICAL & TORICONICAL HEADS.TORISHERICAL, HEMISHERICAL, CONICAL & TORICONICAL HEADS.UG-34 ---- UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS & COVERSUG-34 ---- UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS & COVERSUG-36 & 37 ---- OPENING IN PRESSURE VESSELS & UG-36 & 37 ---- OPENING IN PRESSURE VESSELS & REINFORCEMENTSREINFORCEMENTSUG-41 ---- STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENTSUG-41 ---- STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENTSUG -47 ----- BRACED & STAYED SURFACEUG -47 ----- BRACED & STAYED SURFACEUG – 53 – LIGAMENT UG – 53 – LIGAMENT

UW-12 & 15 – WELD EFFICIENCY & WELDED UW-12 & 15 – WELD EFFICIENCY & WELDED CONNECTION DESIGNCONNECTION DESIGNUCS -56 – REQUIRMENT OF PWHTUCS -56 – REQUIRMENT OF PWHTUG -99 & 100 – HYDROTEST & PNUMATIC TEST UG -99 & 100 – HYDROTEST & PNUMATIC TEST REQUIREMENTREQUIREMENT


Division 1 also consists mandatory and Division 1 also consists mandatory and non mandatory appendices:non mandatory appendices:– Mandatory AppendicesMandatory Appendices: :

It addresses the subjects that are not covered It addresses the subjects that are not covered elsewhere in the code. elsewhere in the code.

Requirements of this appendices are mandatory.Requirements of this appendices are mandatory.

– Nonmandatory AppendicesNonmandatory Appendices: : It provides information and suggested good It provides information and suggested good practices. practices.

Requirements of these appendices are not Requirements of these appendices are not mandatory unless specified in purchase order.mandatory unless specified in purchase order.

ASME Section VIII Division-2ASME Section VIII Division-2– Scope of division 2 is identical to that of Scope of division 2 is identical to that of

division 1, however there is no limitation on division 1, however there is no limitation on higher pressure.higher pressure.

– Allowable stress values are higher for Allowable stress values are higher for division 2 that division 1, hence division 2 division 2 that division 1, hence division 2 vessels are thinnervessels are thinner

– Vessels constructed with division 2 are Vessels constructed with division 2 are economical over division 1 when saving in economical over division 1 when saving in material cost is higher than the additional material cost is higher than the additional cost required to meet stringent requirements cost required to meet stringent requirements of division 2.of division 2.

– Economical for higher pressure applications Economical for higher pressure applications and for more expensive alloy materials.and for more expensive alloy materials.

ASME Section VIII Division 1 ASME Section VIII Division 1 and 2and 2

1. Pressure limit Up to 3000 psig -->

No limitation on pressure, however Div-3 is applicable above 10000 psig -->>

2. Design Factor 3.5 3

4. Stress TheoryMax. Principal Stress Theory -->

Maximum Shear Stress Theory -->>

5. Joint Efficiency 0.75 to 1.0 No Joint Efficiency Factor

6. .Engineer. Certification

Not RequiredU.D.S. &Design Report Certification Required

7. Hydrostatic Test Pressure

1.3 * MAWP 1.25 * Design Pressure

8. Material Weight Higher Than Div. 2 15 % Less than Div. 1

Membrane Stress + Bending Stress, Fatigue

3. Stress AnalysisMembrane Stress

-->

ASME Section VIII Division-3ASME Section VIII Division-3– Applied to vessels operating at internal or Applied to vessels operating at internal or

external design pressure is generally above external design pressure is generally above 10000 psig.10000 psig.

– Design rules:Design rules:Maximum shear stressMaximum shear stress

Elastic plastic analysisElastic plastic analysis

Fracture mechanics evaluationFracture mechanics evaluation

– Material and NDE requirements more Material and NDE requirements more stringent than division 1 and 2stringent than division 1 and 2

PARTS OF THE PRESSURE PARTS OF THE PRESSURE VESSELSVESSELS

1. HEADS/END CLOSURES1. HEADS/END CLOSURES

2. SHELL2. SHELL

3. NOZZLES3. NOZZLES

4. SUPPORTS4. SUPPORTS

5. NOZZLE REINFORCEMENT PADS5. NOZZLE REINFORCEMENT PADS

6. INTERNALS & EXTERNAL 6. INTERNALS & EXTERNAL

ATTACHMENTSATTACHMENTS

Design considerations Design considerations FOLLOWING LOADINGS TO BE CONSIDERED IN DESIGNING THE FOLLOWING LOADINGS TO BE CONSIDERED IN DESIGNING THE VESSELS AS PER ASME SEC. VIII DIV. I ( CLAUSE UG-22)VESSELS AS PER ASME SEC. VIII DIV. I ( CLAUSE UG-22)

1. INTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE AT DESIGN TEMPRATURE.1. INTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE AT DESIGN TEMPRATURE.

2. EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE AT DESIGN TEMPRATURE.2. EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE AT DESIGN TEMPRATURE.

3. WEIGHT OF THE VESSEL AT OPERATING AND TEST CONDITION.3. WEIGHT OF THE VESSEL AT OPERATING AND TEST CONDITION.

4. LOAD DUE TO ATTACHED EQUIPMENTS.4. LOAD DUE TO ATTACHED EQUIPMENTS.

5. WELD JOINT EFFICIENCY.5. WELD JOINT EFFICIENCY.

6. EXTERNAL / INTERNAL ATTACHMENT6. EXTERNAL / INTERNAL ATTACHMENT

7. SEISMIC LOADING.7. SEISMIC LOADING.

8. WIND LOADING.8. WIND LOADING.

9. FATIGUE LOADING DUE TO THERMAL AND PRESSURE VARIATIONS.9. FATIGUE LOADING DUE TO THERMAL AND PRESSURE VARIATIONS.

10. CORROSION ALLOWANCES.10. CORROSION ALLOWANCES.

WHAT IS PRESSURE VESSEL ?WHAT IS PRESSURE VESSEL ?

PRESSURE VESSEL IS CONTAINER FOR THE CONTAINMENT OF PRESSURE, PRESSURE VESSEL IS CONTAINER FOR THE CONTAINMENT OF PRESSURE,

EITHER INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL. EITHER INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL.

THIS PRESSURE MAY BE OBTAINED FROM AN EXTERNAL SOURCE, OR BY THIS PRESSURE MAY BE OBTAINED FROM AN EXTERNAL SOURCE, OR BY

THE APPLICATION OF HEAT FROM A DIRECT OR INDIRECT SOURCE, OR ANY THE APPLICATION OF HEAT FROM A DIRECT OR INDIRECT SOURCE, OR ANY

COMBINATION THEREOF.COMBINATION THEREOF.

TYPE OF VESSELS DEPENDING UPON THE ORIENTATION:TYPE OF VESSELS DEPENDING UPON THE ORIENTATION:

1. HORIZONTAL VESSEL1. HORIZONTAL VESSEL

2. VERTICAL VESSEL2. VERTICAL VESSEL

TYPE OF VESSEL DEPENDING UPON THE FUNCTIONS :TYPE OF VESSEL DEPENDING UPON THE FUNCTIONS :

1. STORAGE VESSEL1. STORAGE VESSEL

2. COLUMNS / ADSORBERS2. COLUMNS / ADSORBERS

3. SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER3. SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

SHELLSHELL SHELL IS THE MAIN PART OF THE VESSEL.SHELL IS THE MAIN PART OF THE VESSEL. TYPES OF THE SHELL TYPES OF THE SHELL

1. CYLINDRICAL SHELL1. CYLINDRICAL SHELL

2. SPHERICAL SHELL 2. SPHERICAL SHELL

DESIGN OF CYLINDRICAL SHELL UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE AS PER ASME SEC-VIII DESIGN OF CYLINDRICAL SHELL UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE AS PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1, CL. UG-27.DIV-1, CL. UG-27.

FOR EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE, SHELL TO BE DESIGN AS PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-FOR EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE, SHELL TO BE DESIGN AS PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1 CL. UG-281 CL. UG-28

Shell Nozzle

Long. Seam Circ. Seam

D’end

VESSEL CONSTRUCTIONVESSEL CONSTRUCTION

D-End

NOZZLE

MANWAY NOZZLE

LONG SEAM

CIRC. SEAM

D/E SEAM

Typical Vessel

SHELLD-End

BOT SPOOL

HEADS / ENDCLOSURESHEADS / ENDCLOSURES HEAD IS THE PART WHICH CLOSES THE END OPENING OF THE CYL. HEAD IS THE PART WHICH CLOSES THE END OPENING OF THE CYL. SHELLSHELL

TYPES OF THE HEADS : TYPES OF THE HEADS : 1. HEMISPHERICAL HEAD1. HEMISPHERICAL HEAD

2. ELLIPTICAL HEAD2. ELLIPTICAL HEAD

3. TORISPHERICAL HEAD3. TORISPHERICAL HEAD

4. CONICAL HEAD4. CONICAL HEAD

5. TORICONICAL HEAD5. TORICONICAL HEAD

6. BOLTED BLIND FLANGE 6. BOLTED BLIND FLANGE DESIGN OF ELLIPTICAL HEAD UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE AS DESIGN OF ELLIPTICAL HEAD UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE AS

PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1, CL. UG-32.PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1, CL. UG-32.

FOR EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE, HEAD TO BE DESIGN AS PER FOR EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE, HEAD TO BE DESIGN AS PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1 CL. UG-33ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1 CL. UG-33

Formed Heads Formed Heads (Continued…)(Continued…)

SINGLE PIECE DISHENDSINGLE PIECE DISHEND

CROWN & PETAL D’ENDCROWN & PETAL D’END

CrownPetals

Crown

Plate

Petal Plate

TORISPHERICAL TORISPHERICAL DISHENDDISHEND

Seamless(one-piece head)

HEMISPHERICAL DISHEND

Spherical seamless head(ID 3.4mt., 92mmThk.,steel SA387 Gr 11)

FLAT HEADSFLAT HEADS

Flat Head (OD 4.1mt,Knuckle radius 100mm)

BOLTED BLIND FLANGE BOLTED BLIND FLANGE Detail of ManholeDetail of Manhole

NOZZLES / CONNECTIONSNOZZLES / CONNECTIONS

NOZZLES ARE THE OPENINGS PROVIDED IN THE SHELL/ HEAD FOR NOZZLES ARE THE OPENINGS PROVIDED IN THE SHELL/ HEAD FOR CONNECTING THE EXTERNAL PIPING WITH VESSEL.CONNECTING THE EXTERNAL PIPING WITH VESSEL.

NOZZLES CONSISTS OF NOZZLE NECK, FLANGE & RF PADNOZZLES CONSISTS OF NOZZLE NECK, FLANGE & RF PAD

TYPES OF THE NOZZLES / CONNECTIONS :TYPES OF THE NOZZLES / CONNECTIONS :

1. PIPE NECK WITH FLANGE CONNECTION1. PIPE NECK WITH FLANGE CONNECTION

2. FORGED NECK WITH FLANGE CONNECTION2. FORGED NECK WITH FLANGE CONNECTION

NOZZLE NECK TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I NOZZLE NECK TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I

CL. UG-45CL. UG-45 RF PAD FOR THE NOZZLE TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII RF PAD FOR THE NOZZLE TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII

DIV I CL. UG-36DIV I CL. UG-36 NON STD. FLANGE TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I, NON STD. FLANGE TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I, APPX-2 & STD FLANGE TO BE SELECTED AS PER UG-44/ASME B16.5APPX-2 & STD FLANGE TO BE SELECTED AS PER UG-44/ASME B16.5

Nozzle DetailsNozzle Details

SUPPORTS FOR VESSELSUPPORTS FOR VESSEL

SUPPORTS ARE REQUIRED FOR THE INSTALLATION OF THE VESSEL SUPPORTS ARE REQUIRED FOR THE INSTALLATION OF THE VESSEL ON THE FOUNDATION.ON THE FOUNDATION.

TYPE OF SUPPORTSTYPE OF SUPPORTS

1. LEG TYPE SUPPORT1. LEG TYPE SUPPORT

2. SKIRT TYPE SUPPORT (CYLINDRICAL/CONICAL) 2. SKIRT TYPE SUPPORT (CYLINDRICAL/CONICAL)

3 BRACKET TYPE SUPPORT3 BRACKET TYPE SUPPORT

4. SADDLE SUPPORT – 4. SADDLE SUPPORT –

SKIRT DETAILSKIRT DETAIL

Detail of SkirtDetail of Skirt

MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION FOR VESSELMATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION FOR VESSEL

ASME LISTS THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF THE MATERIAL FOR PLATES, ASME LISTS THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF THE MATERIAL FOR PLATES, FORGINGS, PIPES, TUBES, FLANGES & FITTINGFORGINGS, PIPES, TUBES, FLANGES & FITTING. --- . --- ASME SEC II PART ASME SEC II PART A,B,C & DA,B,C & D

REFER TABLE UCS-23 FOR CARBON AND LOW ALLOW STEELREFER TABLE UCS-23 FOR CARBON AND LOW ALLOW STEEL

REFER TABLE UHA-23 FOR HIGH ALLOY STEEL.REFER TABLE UHA-23 FOR HIGH ALLOY STEEL.

FABRICATION REQUIREMENTSFABRICATION REQUIREMENTS1. WELD JOINT CATEGORIES AS PER UW-31. WELD JOINT CATEGORIES AS PER UW-3

2. WELD JOINT EFFICIENCY AS PER UW-122. WELD JOINT EFFICIENCY AS PER UW-12

3. WELDING OF NOZZLES WITH SHELL AS PER 3. WELDING OF NOZZLES WITH SHELL AS PER

UW-16UW-16

4. WELDING/WELDER QUALIFICATION AS PER 4. WELDING/WELDER QUALIFICATION AS PER

ASME SEC IXASME SEC IX

5. PWHT REQUIREMENT AS PER ASME SEC VIII 5. PWHT REQUIREMENT AS PER ASME SEC VIII

DIV .1 , CL. UG-56DIV .1 , CL. UG-56

6. IMPACT TEST REQUIREMENT AS PER UCS-65/666. IMPACT TEST REQUIREMENT AS PER UCS-65/66

ASME Section VIII Division-1: ASME Section VIII Division-1: FabricationFabrication

It It covers the fabrication requirements as covers the fabrication requirements as listed belowlisted below– Weld joint categories as per UW-3Weld joint categories as per UW-3– Weld joint efficiency as per UW –12Weld joint efficiency as per UW –12– Welding of nozzles with shell as per UW –16Welding of nozzles with shell as per UW –16– Welding/welder qualification as per ASME Welding/welder qualification as per ASME

Sec IXSec IX– PWHT requirement as per UG-56PWHT requirement as per UG-56– Impact test requirement as per UCS-65 & Impact test requirement as per UCS-65 &

UG 84UG 84

ASME Section VIII Division-1: ASME Section VIII Division-1: FabricationFabrication

Weld Joint Categories UW-3Weld Joint Categories UW-3

NDT TESTING NDT TESTING ALL BUTT JOINTS TO BE RT/UT/MPT/DP TESTED AS PER ASME CODE ALL BUTT JOINTS TO BE RT/UT/MPT/DP TESTED AS PER ASME CODE

REQUIREMENTREQUIREMENT ALL CORNER JOINTS e.g. NOZZLE TO SHELL JOINT SHALL BE MPT/DP ALL CORNER JOINTS e.g. NOZZLE TO SHELL JOINT SHALL BE MPT/DP

TESTED.TESTED.ALL FILLET WELDS SHALL BE DP TESTED.ALL FILLET WELDS SHALL BE DP TESTED.

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR NDTNDT REQUIREMENT FOR WELD JOINTREQUIREMENT FOR WELD JOINT

Appendix 4 Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance StandardAppendix 4 Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance Standard

for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indication in Welds for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indication in Welds

Appendix 6 Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination (MT)Appendix 6 Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination (MT)

Appendix 8 Methods for Liquid Penetrate Examination (PT) Appendix 8 Methods for Liquid Penetrate Examination (PT)

Appendix 12 Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT)Appendix 12 Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT)

EQUIPMENT TEST :EQUIPMENT TEST :

- - HYDROTEST --> 1.3 x DESIGN PRESSURE (UG-99)HYDROTEST --> 1.3 x DESIGN PRESSURE (UG-99)– PNEUMATIC TEST ---> 1.1 x DESIGN PRESSURE (UG-100)

OFFICIAL STAMP FOR CODED VESSELSOFFICIAL STAMP FOR CODED VESSELS– ‘‘U’ STAMPS --- ASME SEC. VIII DIV.1U’ STAMPS --- ASME SEC. VIII DIV.1

PREHEATING REQUIREMENTPREHEATING REQUIREMENT

PREHEATING REDUCES THE SUSCEPTIBILTY OF THE PREHEATING REDUCES THE SUSCEPTIBILTY OF THE WELDMENT TO COLD CTACKING /HYDROGEN CRACKINGWELDMENT TO COLD CTACKING /HYDROGEN CRACKING

PREHEATING REQUIREMENTS DEPENDING ON THE PREHEATING REQUIREMENTS DEPENDING ON THE

CARBON EQUIVALENTCARBON EQUIVALENT (CE) (CE) CE % SUGGESTED TEMPCE % SUGGESTED TEMP

UP TO 0.45 %UP TO 0.45 % OPTIONAL OPTIONAL

0.45 % TO 0.60 % 200-400 F0.45 % TO 0.60 % 200-400 F ABOVE 0.60 %ABOVE 0.60 % 400 – 700 F 400 – 700 F

EFFECT OF PREHEATING :EFFECT OF PREHEATING : 1. ELIMINATES THE DANGER OF CRACK FORMATION 1. ELIMINATES THE DANGER OF CRACK FORMATION 2. MINIMIZES HARD ZONE ADJACENT TO WLED2. MINIMIZES HARD ZONE ADJACENT TO WLED 3. MINIMIZES THE SHRINKAGE STRESS3. MINIMIZES THE SHRINKAGE STRESS 4. MINIMIZES THE DESTORTION4. MINIMIZES THE DESTORTION

POST WELD HEAT TREATMENTPOST WELD HEAT TREATMENT OBJETCIVE: OBJETCIVE:

1.TO REDUCE THE RESIDUAL STRESSES AT WELD & HAZ1.TO REDUCE THE RESIDUAL STRESSES AT WELD & HAZ 2.TO MODIFY THE MICRO-STRUCTURE (HAZ)2.TO MODIFY THE MICRO-STRUCTURE (HAZ)

EFFECT:EFFECT: 1. SUSCETIBLITIES TO BRITTLE FAILURE 1. SUSCETIBLITIES TO BRITTLE FAILURE DECREASES.DECREASES. 2. RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION 2. RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION CRACKING INCREASES.CRACKING INCREASES. 3. DIMENSIONAL STABILITIES INCREASES.3. DIMENSIONAL STABILITIES INCREASES.

PWHT PARAMETERPWHT PARAMETER 1. HEATING RATE1. HEATING RATE 2. SOAKING TEMPERATURE2. SOAKING TEMPERATURE 3. COOLING RATE3. COOLING RATE

Part UCS Part UCS (Continued…)(Continued…)UCS-56 – PWHTUCS-56 – PWHT

CODE EXTRACT FOR HEAT TREATMENT

P. NO. HOLDING TEMP. NOM.THICKNESS

SOAKING PERIOD

1 ( CARBONSTEEL) & 3(LOW ALLOYSTEEL)

1100 DEG. F(593’C)

UPTO 2” 1 HR. PER INCH. ,HOWEVER 15 MINUTESMINIMUM

OVER 2”TO 5”

2 HOURS , PLUS 15 MIN.FOR EACH ADDITIONALINCH ABOVE 2”

OVER 5 ” 2 HOURS , PLUS 15 MIN.FOR EACH ADDITIONALINCH ABOVE 2”

* POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT IS MANDATORY ON P-NO.3 GR. NO. 3MATERIAL IN ALL THICKNESSES.

Code Requirements for PWHT

MaterialMaterial Normal Normal Holding Holding

TemperaturTemperature °Ce °C

Minimum holding time at normal temperature for nominal Minimum holding time at normal temperature for nominal thicknessthickness

Up to 2’’Up to 2’’ Over 2’’ to 5’’Over 2’’ to 5’’ Over 5’’Over 5’’

P - No.1, P - No.3P - No.1, P - No.3

[e.g.SA516GR60/7[e.g.SA516GR60/70]0]

595595 1hr / in.1hr / in.

15 min 15 min minimumminimum

2 hr plus 15 min for 2 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch each additional inch

over 2’’over 2’’

2 hr plus 15 min for 2 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch each additional inch


P - No.4P - No.4

[e.g.SA387GR11][e.g.SA387GR11]

650650 1hr / in.1hr / in.


1 hr / inch 1 hr / inch 5 hr plus 15 min for 5 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch each additional inch


P - No.5AP - No.5A

P - No.5BP - No.5B

P - No.5CP - No.5C

[Group no.1 ][Group no.1 ]

[e.g.SA387GR22/[e.g.SA387GR22/

SA540Ty.D Cl.4a]SA540Ty.D Cl.4a]

675675 1hr / in.1hr / in.


1 hr / inch1 hr / inch 5 hr plus 15 min for 5 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch each additional inch


P - No.5BP - No.5B

Group no.2Group no.2

[e.g.SA387GR91][e.g.SA387GR91]

705705 1hr / in.1hr / in.


1 hr / inch1 hr / inch 5 hr plus 15 min for 5 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch each additional inch


REQUIREMENT OF PRODUCTION CONTROL REQUIREMENT OF PRODUCTION CONTROL TESTING- PTC REQUIREMENT TESTING- PTC REQUIREMENT

PTC SIMULATESPTC SIMULATES THE ACTUAL WELD JOINT WITH THE BASE MATERIAL & WELDING THE ACTUAL WELD JOINT WITH THE BASE MATERIAL & WELDING CONSUMABLES FROM THE SAME HEAT & MELT AS THOSE USED IN ACTUL JOINT.CONSUMABLES FROM THE SAME HEAT & MELT AS THOSE USED IN ACTUL JOINT.

THE PTC UNDERGOESTHE PTC UNDERGOES IDENTIAL FABRICATION SEQUENCEIDENTIAL FABRICATION SEQUENCE, DONE BY THE SAME , DONE BY THE SAME WELDERS, SAME WELDING PARAMETERS WITH SAME CONSTAINTS SIMULATED AS WELDERS, SAME WELDING PARAMETERS WITH SAME CONSTAINTS SIMULATED AS THAT OF JOB.THAT OF JOB.

TYPES OF PRODUCTION TEST COUPONSTYPES OF PRODUCTION TEST COUPONS 1. THE SMULATED WELD COUPON – 1. THE SMULATED WELD COUPON – STCSTC 2. THE FINAL TEST COUPON – 2. THE FINAL TEST COUPON – FTCFTC

STCSTC – THIS IS BASICALLY THE TEST COUPON OF THE WELD JOINT, WHICH IS – THIS IS BASICALLY THE TEST COUPON OF THE WELD JOINT, WHICH IS SUBJECTED TO THE SUBJECTED TO THE SIMULATED HEAT TREATMENTSIMULATED HEAT TREATMENT CYCLE, TAKING INTO CYCLE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT OF ALL POSSIBLE EVANTUALITIES LIKE REPAIRE, ADDITIONAL HEAT ACCOUNT OF ALL POSSIBLE EVANTUALITIES LIKE REPAIRE, ADDITIONAL HEAT TREATMENT ETC. TREATMENT ETC.

FTCFTC – THIS IS BASICALLY THE TEST COUPON OF THE WELDMENT, WHICH IS – THIS IS BASICALLY THE TEST COUPON OF THE WELDMENT, WHICH IS SUBJECTED TO SUBJECTED TO THE ACTUAL HAET TREATMENTTHE ACTUAL HAET TREATMENT SEEN IN THE JOB. THIS COUPON SEEN IN THE JOB. THIS COUPON IS MADE SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH THE JOB.IS MADE SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH THE JOB.

HYDRO & PNUMATIC TESTING OF PRESSURE VESSEL

HYDROTESTING IS TO DONE AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV-1-CL UG-99HYDROTESTING IS TO DONE AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV-1-CL UG-99

HYDROTEST PRESSURE =HYDROTEST PRESSURE = 1.3 X (P design) x (allow stress at test temp/ allow stress at 1.3 X (P design) x (allow stress at test temp/ allow stress at design temp)design temp)

HYDROTEST STRESS SHOULD NOT EXCCED 90 % OF THE YIELD STRESSHYDROTEST STRESS SHOULD NOT EXCCED 90 % OF THE YIELD STRESS------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PNUMTAIC TESTING IS TO BE DONE AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV 1 –CL UG100PNUMTAIC TESTING IS TO BE DONE AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV 1 –CL UG100

PNUMATIC TEST PRESSURE = 1.1 X DESIGN PRESSURE PNUMATIC TEST PRESSURE = 1.1 X DESIGN PRESSURE

THE METAL TEMPERATURE DURING PNUMATIC TESTING SHALL BE THE METAL TEMPERATURE DURING PNUMATIC TESTING SHALL BE MAINTAINED ATLEAT 17 DRG C ABOVE THE MDMT TO MINIMISE THE RISK MAINTAINED ATLEAT 17 DRG C ABOVE THE MDMT TO MINIMISE THE RISK OF BRITTLEOF BRITTLE FRACTURE.FRACTURE.

WATER FILLING, PRESSURISING & INSPECTION

HYDROTEST

Sketch for Hydro testSketch for Hydro test

Valves

Pressure G auge

Towards Venting pipe

Arrangem ent for O utlet P ressure G auge

Square Bar

Coupling

F ro m H y d ro te s t P u m p

T o w a rd s D ra in

V a lv e s

P re s s u re G a u g e

S q u a re B a r

C o u p lin g

A rra n g e m e n t fo r In le t P re s s u re G a u g e

ASME BOILER & PRESSURE VESSEL CERTIFICATES ASME BOILER & PRESSURE VESSEL CERTIFICATES

OF AUTHORIZATION & CODE SYMBOL STAMPSOF AUTHORIZATION & CODE SYMBOL STAMPS SYMBOL/STAMP CODE BOOKS REQUIRED SYMBOL/STAMP CODE BOOKS REQUIRED

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. “A” ( ASSEBLY BOILER) --- B 31.1 &SEC- 1 & SEC II –C1. “A” ( ASSEBLY BOILER) --- B 31.1 &SEC- 1 & SEC II –C2. “U”(PRESSURE VESSEL) ---- ASME SEC VIII DIV -1 2. “U”(PRESSURE VESSEL) ---- ASME SEC VIII DIV -1 3. “U2”(PRESSURE VESSEL) ---- ASME SEC VIII DIV-23. “U2”(PRESSURE VESSEL) ---- ASME SEC VIII DIV-24. “U3” (HIGH PV) ----- ASME SEC VIII DIV- 34. “U3” (HIGH PV) ----- ASME SEC VIII DIV- 34. “S” (POWER BOILER) ------ B31.1 & SEC-14. “S” (POWER BOILER) ------ B31.1 & SEC-15. “UV” (PV SAFETY VALVE)----ASME SEC VIIII DIV -1 /25. “UV” (PV SAFETY VALVE)----ASME SEC VIIII DIV -1 /26. “V” (BOILER SAFETY VALVE) ----- SEC -16. “V” (BOILER SAFETY VALVE) ----- SEC -17. “qp” (PRESSURE PIPING) ------ B31.1 & SEC -17. “qp” (PRESSURE PIPING) ------ B31.1 & SEC -1

PRESSURE VESSEL CODEPRESSURE VESSEL CODEASME SECTION VIII ASME SECTION VIII

DIVISION 1DIVISION 1

Introduction to ASME CodesIntroduction to ASME Codes(Section I to Section XII)(Section I to Section XII)

Section VIII Div.1 Section VIII Div.2 Section VIII Div.3

“Unfired” Pressure Vessel Rules

Alternative Rules Alternative Rules for High Pressure

Published <1940 1968 1997

Pressure Limits

Normally up to 3000 psig

No limits either way, usually 600+

psig

No limits, Normally from 10,000 psig

Organisation General, Construction Type & Material U, UG,

UW, UF, UB, UCS, UNF, UCI, UCD, UHT,

ULT

General, Material, Design, Fabrication and others AG, AM, AD, AF, AR, AI, AT,

AS

Similar to Division 2 KG, KM, KD, KF, KR, KE, KT, KS

Design FactorDesign Factor 3.5 on

tensile and other yield and temperature considerations

Design Factor 3 on tensile (lower factor

under reviewed) and other yield and

temperature considerations

Yield based with reduction factor for yield to tensile ratio

less than 0.7

A Brief Discussion on ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2 and A Brief Discussion on ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2 and Division 3Division 3





Design Rules Membrane-Maximum stress Generally Elastic analysis Very detailed design rules with Quality (joint efficiency) Factors. Little stress analysis required, pure membrane without consideration of discontinuities controlling stress concentration to a safety factor of 3.5 or higher

Shell of Revolution – Max. Shear stress Generally Elastic Analysis Membrane + Bending. Fairly detailed design rules. In addition to the design rules, discontinuities, fatigue and other stress analysis considerations may be required unless exempted and guidance provided for in Appendix 4, 5 and 6

Maximum shear stress Elastic/plastic Analysis and more. Some design rules provided; Fatigue analysis required, Fracture mechanics evaluation required unless proven leak-before-burst, Residual stresses become significant and may be positive factors

Experimental stress Analysis

Normally not required Introduced and may be required

Experimental design verification but may be exempted





Material and Impact Testing

Few restriction on materials; Impact required unless exempted, extensive exemptions under UG-20, UCS 66/67

More restriction of materials; impact required in general with similar rules as Division 1

Even more restrictive than Division 2 with different requirements. Fracture toughness testing requirement for fracture mechanics evaluation crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) testing and establishment of Klc and/or Jlc values

NDE Requirements

NDE requirements may be exempted through increased design factor

More stringent NDE requirements, extensive use of RT, as well as UT, MT and PT.

Even more restrictive than Division 2, UT used for all butt welds, RT otherwise, extensive use of PT and MT





Welding and Fabrication

Different types with butt welds and others

Extensive use/requirement of butt welds and full penetration welds including non pressure attachment welds

Butt welds and extensive use of other construction methods such as threaded, layered, wire-wound, interlocking stripwound and others

User User or designated agent to provide specifications (see U-2(a))

User’s Design Specification with detailed design requirements (see AG-301.1) include AD 160 for fatigue evaluation

User’s Design specification with more specific details (see KG-310) including contained fluid data, etc. with useful operation life expected and others. Designer defined.





Manufacturer Manufacturer to declare compliance in data report

Manufacturer’s Design Report certifying design specification and code compliance in addition to data report

Same as Division 2

Professional Engineer Certification

Normally not required Professional Engineers’ Certification of User’s Design Specification as well as Manufacturer’s Design report Professional Engineer shall be experienced in pressure vessel design

Same as Division 2 but the Professional Engineer shall be in high-pressure vessel design and shall not sign for both User and Manufacturer.





Safety Relief Valve UV Stamp UV Stamp UV3 Stamp

Code Stamp and Marking

U Stamp with Addition marking including W, P, RES, L, UB, DF, RT, HT

U2 Stamp with Additional marking including HT

U3 Stamp with additional marking denoting construction type, HT, PS, WL, M, F, W, UQT, WW, SW

Hydrostatic Test

1.3 (was 1.5 before the use of the 3.5 Design factor in the 1999 Addenda)

1.25 1.25

Mandatory AppendicesMandatory Appendices

Appendix 1 Supplementary Design FormulasAppendix 1 Supplementary Design Formulas

Appendix 2 Rules for Bolted Flange Connections With RingAppendix 2 Rules for Bolted Flange Connections With Ring

Type GasketsType Gaskets

Appendix 3 DefinitionsAppendix 3 Definitions

Appendix 4 Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance StandardAppendix 4 Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance Standard

for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indicationfor Radiographically Determined Rounded Indication

in Weldsin Welds

Appendix 5 Flanged and Flued or Flanged Only Expansion JointsAppendix 5 Flanged and Flued or Flanged Only Expansion Joints

Appendix 6 Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination(MT)Appendix 6 Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination(MT)

Appendix 7 Examination of Steel CastingsAppendix 7 Examination of Steel Castings

Appendix 8 Methods for Liquid Penetrate Examination (PT)Appendix 8 Methods for Liquid Penetrate Examination (PT)

Appendix 9 Jacketed VesselsAppendix 9 Jacketed Vessels

Appendix 10 Quality Control SystemAppendix 10 Quality Control System

Appendix 11 Capacity Conversion for Safety ValvesAppendix 11 Capacity Conversion for Safety Valves

Appendix 12 Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT)Appendix 12 Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT)

Mandatory Appendices Mandatory Appendices (continued)(continued)

Appendix 13 Vessels of Noncircular Cross SectionAppendix 13 Vessels of Noncircular Cross SectionAppendix 14 Integral Flat Heads With a Large, Single, Circular, Appendix 14 Integral Flat Heads With a Large, Single, Circular,

Centrally Located OpeningsCentrally Located OpeningsAppendix 16 Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the BoilerAppendix 16 Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler

and Pressure Vessel Committeeand Pressure Vessel CommitteeAppendix 17 Dimpled or Embossed AssembliesAppendix 17 Dimpled or Embossed AssembliesAppendix 18 Adhesive Attachments of Name PlatesAppendix 18 Adhesive Attachments of Name PlatesAppendix 19 Electrically Heated or Gas Fired Jacketed SteamAppendix 19 Electrically Heated or Gas Fired Jacketed Steam

Kettles Kettles Appendix 20 Hubs Machined From PlatesAppendix 20 Hubs Machined From PlatesAppendix 21 Jacketed Vessels Constructed of Work-Hardened Appendix 21 Jacketed Vessels Constructed of Work-Hardened

NickelNickelAppendix 22 Integrally Forged VesselsAppendix 22 Integrally Forged VesselsAppendix 23 External Pressure Design of Copper, Copper Alloy,Appendix 23 External Pressure Design of Copper, Copper Alloy,

Titanium Alloy condenser and Heat Exchanger Titanium Alloy condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral FinsTubes With Integral Fins

Mandatory Appendices Mandatory Appendices (continued)(continued)

Appendix 24 Design Rules for Clamp ConnectionsAppendix 24 Design Rules for Clamp ConnectionsAppendix 25 Acceptance of Testing Laboratories and AuthorizedAppendix 25 Acceptance of Testing Laboratories and Authorized

Observer for Capacity Certification of Pressure Observer for Capacity Certification of Pressure Relief ValvesRelief Valves

Appendix 26 Pressure Vessels and Heat Exchangers Expansion JointsAppendix 26 Pressure Vessels and Heat Exchangers Expansion JointsAppendix 27 Alternative Requirements for Glass-Lined VesselsAppendix 27 Alternative Requirements for Glass-Lined VesselsAppendix 28 Alternative Corner Weld Joint Detail for Box HeadersAppendix 28 Alternative Corner Weld Joint Detail for Box Headers

for Air Cooled Heat Exchangersfor Air Cooled Heat ExchangersAppendix 30 Rules for Drilled Holes Not Penetrating to Vessel WallAppendix 30 Rules for Drilled Holes Not Penetrating to Vessel WallAppendix 31 Rules for Cr-Mo steels With Additional RequirementsAppendix 31 Rules for Cr-Mo steels With Additional Requirements

for Welding and Heat Treatmentfor Welding and Heat TreatmentAppendix 32 Local Thin Areas in Cylindrical Shell and in SphericalAppendix 32 Local Thin Areas in Cylindrical Shell and in Spherical

Segments of ShellsSegments of ShellsAppendix 33 Standard Units for Use in Equations Appendix 33 Standard Units for Use in Equations

Non mandatory AppendicesNon mandatory Appendices

Appendix A Basis for Establishing Allowable Loads for Tube-to- Appendix A Basis for Establishing Allowable Loads for Tube-to- Tubesheet JointsTubesheet Joints

Appendix C Suggested Methods for Obtaining the OperatingAppendix C Suggested Methods for Obtaining the Operating Temperature of Vessel Walls in Service Temperature of Vessel Walls in Service

Appendix D Suggested Good Practice Regarding Internal Structures Appendix D Suggested Good Practice Regarding Internal Structures Appendix E Suggested Good Practice Regarding CorrosionAppendix E Suggested Good Practice Regarding Corrosion

AllowanceAllowanceAppendix F Suggested Good Practice Regarding LiningsAppendix F Suggested Good Practice Regarding LiningsAppendix G Suggested Good Practice Regarding Piping Reactions Appendix G Suggested Good Practice Regarding Piping Reactions

and Design of Supports and Attachmentsand Design of Supports and AttachmentsAppendix H Guidance to Accommodate Loading Produced byAppendix H Guidance to Accommodate Loading Produced by

DeflagrationDeflagrationAppendix K Sectioning of Welded Joints Appendix K Sectioning of Welded Joints Appendix L Examples Illustrating the Application of Code Formulas Appendix L Examples Illustrating the Application of Code Formulas

and Rules and Rules Appendix M Installation and Operation Appendix M Installation and Operation

Non mandatory Appendices Non mandatory Appendices (Continued)(Continued)

Appendix P Basic for Establishing Allowable Stress ValuesAppendix P Basic for Establishing Allowable Stress Values

Appendix R Preheating Appendix R Preheating

Appendix S Design Considerations for Bolted Flange ConnectionsAppendix S Design Considerations for Bolted Flange Connections

Appendix T Temperature Protection Appendix T Temperature Protection

Appendix W Guide for Preparing Manufacturer’s Data Reports Appendix W Guide for Preparing Manufacturer’s Data Reports

Appendix Y Flat Faced Flanges With Metal-to-Metal Contact Appendix Y Flat Faced Flanges With Metal-to-Metal Contact

Outside the Bolt CircleOutside the Bolt Circle

Appendix DD Guide to Information Appearing on Certificate of Appendix DD Guide to Information Appearing on Certificate of

Authorization (See Fig. DD-1)Authorization (See Fig. DD-1)

Appendix EE Half-Pipe JacketsAppendix EE Half-Pipe Jackets

Appendix FF Guide For the Design and Operation of Quick-Appendix FF Guide For the Design and Operation of Quick-

Actuating (Quick-Opening) ClosuresActuating (Quick-Opening) Closures

Appendix GG Guidance for the Use of U.S.Customary and SI UnitsAppendix GG Guidance for the Use of U.S.Customary and SI Units

in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Code in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Code

A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON ASME SECTION VIII DIVISIONS 1 AND 2 AND THE NEW DIVISION 3K.T.Lau, Ph.D., P.Eng., 3rd Annual Pressure Industry Conference, Banff, Alberta, Canada, February 1999.

Section VIII Division 1 Section VIII Division 2 Section VIII Division 3"Unfired" Pressure Vessel Rules Alternative Rules Alternative Rules for High Pressure

Published < 1940 1968 1997Pressure Limits Normally up to 3000 psig No limits either way, usually 600+ psig No limit; Normally from 10,000 psig

OrganizationGeneral, Construction Type & Material U, UG, UW, UF, UB, UCS, UNF, UCI,

UCL, UCD, UHT, ULT

General, Material, Design, Fabrication and others

AG, AM, AD, AF, AR, AI, AT, AS

Similar to Division 2 KG, KM, KD, KF, KR, KE, KT, KS

Design FactorDesign Factor 4 on tensile (3.5* proposed) and other yield and temperature considerations

Design Factor of 3 on tensile (lower factor under reviewed) and other yield and temperature considerations

Yield based with reduction factor for yield to tensile ratio less than 0.7

Design Rules

Membrane - Maximum stress Generally Elastic analysis

Very detailed design rules with Quality (joint efficiency) Factors. Little stress

alaysis required; pure membrane without consideration of discontinuities

controlling stress co

Shell of Revolution - Max. shear stress Generally Elastic analysis

Membrane + Bending. Fairly detailed design rules. In addition to the design rules, discontinuities, fatigue and other stress analysis considerations may be

required u

Maximum shear stress Elastic/Plastic Analyses and more. Some design rules provided; Fatigue

analysis required; Fracture mechanics evaluation required unless proven leak-

before-burst, Residual stresses become significant and maybe

Experimental Stress Analysis

Normally not required Introduced and may be requiredExperimental design verification but

may be exempted

Material and Impact Testing

Few restrictions on materials; Impact required unless exempted; extensive exemptions under UG-20, UCS 66/67

More restrictions on materials; impact required in general with similar rules as

Division 1

Even more restrictive than Division 2 with different requirements.Fracture toughness testing requirement for

fracture mechanics evaluationCrack tip opening displacement

(CTOD) testing and establishment of KIc and/or JIc values

NDE RequirementsNDE requirements may be exempted

through increased design factor

More stringent NDE requirements; extensive use of RT as well as UT, MT

and PT.

Even more restrictive than Division 2; UT used for all butt welds, RT

otherwise, extensive use of PT and MT

Welding and fabrication

Different types with butt welds and others

Extensive use/requirement of butt welds and full penetration welds including non-

pressure attachment welds

Butt Welds and extensive use of other construction methods such as threaded, layered, wire-wound,

interlocking strip-wound and others

UserUser or designated agent to provide

specifications (see U-2(a))

User's Design Specification with detailed design requirements (see AG-301.1) include AD 160 for fatigue evaluation

User’s Design Specification with more specific details (see KG-310) including

contained fluid data, etc with useful operation life expected and others.

Designer defined

ManufacturerManufacturer to declare compliance in

data report

Manufacturer's Design Report certifying design specification and code

compliance in addition to data reportSame as Division 2

Professional Engineer Certification

Normally not required

Professional Engineers' Certification of User's Design Specification as well as

Manufacturer's Design ReportProfessional Engineer shall be

experienced in pressure vessel design

Same as Division 2 but the Professional Engineer shall be

experienced in high pressure vessel design and shall not sign for both User

and ManufacturerSafety Relief Valve UV Stamp UV Stamp UV3 Stamp

Code Stamp and Marking

U Stamp with Addition markings including W, P, B, RES; L, UB, DF;

RT, HT

U2 Stamp with Additional marking including HT

U3 Stamp with additional marking denoting construction type; HT, PS,

WL, M, F, W, UQT, WW, SW

Hydrostatic Test1.5 (To be lowered to 1.3 for the proposed 3.5* Design Factor)

1.251.25 (may be exempted for

autofrettaged vessels)* Code Cases 2278 and 2290 for ASME Section VIII Division 1 allow for alternative maximum allowable design stresses based on a factor of 3.5 under certain provisions. It is believed that these code cases with the provisions, may be incorporated into the Code sometime in the future.

Common Features

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77845182-Asme-Section-Viii-Div-1-2-3

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