15 a linseed
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Transcript of 15 a linseed
LINSEED
Linum usitatissimum L.
FAMILY: LINIACEAE
URDU: ALSI
ENGLISH: FLAX SEED
LINSEED
ANNUAL
RABI
LONG DAY (Day neutral)
SELF POLLINATED (Cross pollinated)
LINSEED
TOP COUNTRIES
COUNTRY PRODUCTION (Tones)
CANADA 423,000
CHINA 350,000
USA 230,030
RUSSIAN FEDERATION 178,210
INDIA 154,000
PRODUCTION
PAKISTAN 2010
Area 4207 ha
Production 2714 tones
Yield 0.65 t ha-1
25th in world production
ORIGIN
Mediterranean region
Linium angustifolium
Earliest domesticated plants
Fibre extraction
IMPORTANCE
Oil
30-40 % Oil
Fibre
Seed
Soaps
Biscuits
20-25% Protein
SOIL
Well drained soils
Medium-loam soil
No waterlogging
No salinity
Sandy & heavy clay soils not suited
ROOT
Tap root
Upper soil surface
Not deeper in soil
STEM
Thin
Round
50-100 cm tall
INFLORESCENCE
White
Blue
Dark red
FRUIT & SEED
Capsule
Around 10 seeds
Different color
Bronze
Dark brown
Golden
TILLAGE
2 ploughing for seed bed preparation
Followed by clod crushing/ levelling
After sowing divide field into small plots
Irrigate individually
SOWING TIME
November in Sindh
Mid Oct. to Mid Nov. in Punjab
First week of Dec. (frost problem)
Later than wheat & Barley
SEED RATE
15 Kg ha-1 (Irrigated lands)
20 Kg ha-1 (Rainfed lands)
Poor weed competitor
80-100 kg ha-1 (Arnon, 1972)
SOWING METHOD
KERA
PORA
SINGLE ROW RABI DRILL
R – R = 30 cm
IRRIGATED
135 68 0 (NPK) Kg ha-1
WHOLE P & HALF N AT SOWING
HALF N WITH FIRST IRRIGATION
RAINFED
84 56 56 (NPK) Kg ha-1
WHOLE N, P & K AT SOWING
FERTILIZER
IRRIGATION
SINDH4-5 irrigationsFirst irrigation 30 DASSubsequent at 20-25 days interval
PUNJAB3-4 irrigationsFirst irrigation15-20 DASSubsequent when needed
WEEDING & INTERCULTURE
Poor foliage
Never forms a canopy
Poor weed competitor throughout life
First hoeing at 25-30 DAS
1-2 hoeings
Tolerant to broad leaved and grass herbicides
Chemical control not common
Plants turn golden yellow
Leaves dry
Capsules brown, Seed shiny
If fibre desired too, capsule maturity but green crop
End April in Sindh & May in Punjab
HARVESTING
THRESHING & STORAGE
Threshed by bullocks
Beating by sticks
Sun drying
Storage
INSECT PESTS/DISEASES
No serious pest attack
Rare attack of capsule borer
Fusarium oxysporum
Powdery mildew
VARIETIES
Pb- 80
Pr-2/4
T-5
7-1