U N V p

9.1 n te-rv

t rven n 3n3 23n 5 ;3 3n 3 3 = 3n 6

kR/ L=1.38110-23 J K-1

ge,0 gn,0

9.2

N NUV (9/2)hAB C

n0 n1 n2 n3 ni ni i I0 3 0 0 3 9h/2 II2 0 0 1 3 9h/2 III1 1 1 0 3 9h/2

N = 3U = 9h /2ABC

DWD

WD

N i n1 n2

m PA 1/6

2. 1024 NU V

NU V P P = 1 / PD = WD /

3. N, U, V 9.2.21, 3, 6, P1 = 1/10 P2 = 3/10 P3 = 6/10 3

N ABAM BN M

M M = N/ 2 WB

N = 10 N = 20 WD PD 9.3.1 9.3.2

9.3.1 N=10 AB =1024

9.3.2 N=20 AB = 1048 576 N 1020 N =10 PB = 0. 246 N =20PB=0. 1762

N N=10M = 4560. 656 N=20M = 89 10 11 12 0.737 PD /PB =19. 3. 1 PD / PB N NM/N=0. 5

1

N,U,V

N

NUV WD 9.2 ni WD

*2.

n x ( n 2 ) 1 2 F Z

V

WD ni

ni ln WD

gi gi = gt,i gr,i gv,i ge,i gn,i (9.5.2)

2.q

0 i i i i 0 i 0 = i 0 ( 9. 5. 5 )

t,0 0 r,0 = 0 q t0 qt qr0 qr qv0 qv 10

ni

pV = nRT n = N /L pV = NRT/L = NkT ( k = R/L) V = NkT/p m =M /L

9.5.2 T =300 K V =10 6 m3 qt ft

v v >> r v= 5982 K vCO= 3084 K v >> T qv qv

q0 q

Um = Ut + Ue + Un

*3.

2.CV,t CV,r CV,v

9.7.1 CO r= 2.77 K v= 3070 K 101.325 kPa 400 K CV,m CV,m,=( 18.223 + 7.683110 -3 T/K1.172 10 -6 T 2/K2 ) J mol-1 K-1

* 9.7.2 -PbAl Cp,m 3R CV,m= CV,v R CV,m= CV,v = 3R Cp,m CV,m Cp,m 3R Cp,m = CV,m = CV,v = 3R -

2. N PB = WB / ln WB / ln 1 ln WB ln

N 1024 ln WB ln ,

N WB S = k ln WB (9.8.2)

0 K COCOCOCO OCCOOCOC = 2N R ln 2

S = S t + S r + S V + S e + S n 9.8.6

A B

St m N T V

9.8.2 298. 15 K 146.6 J mol-1 K-1

298.15 K 146.6 J mol-1 K-1 0.2%

6.

CO T 0 K = 1

S0=0 S > 0

12A G

9.9.1 HI r =9.0 K v =3200 K 500 K HI

4.

9.10

9.11 N

N N ON

1 NVT 2N V U 3 VT N1 N2 1 2

NV T (N ) N t = N NV t = N V Et N T

A(N,V,T)