1. 6 92 68 69 73 73 operational definition 74 75 78 research design 92 84 78 101 78

2. 28 standard deviation 95 Missing values 94 Regression analysis 94 linear regression analysis 98 level of significance 95 coding 97 type II error 98 univariate analysis 99 Spuriousness 100 94 98 2 3. 1 4. 2 5. 6 research Kerlinger1986 scientific community 6. 10 1reality94 premodern modern postmodern languagegame 7. 15 applied research policy orientation 88 8. 23 methodology90 91 2003 replication logic 9. 77 199 10. 148 97 19 Public Opinion PollsSampling Surveysample surveypopulationsampleEPSEM Equal Probability of SElection Method EPSEM 11. 186 28 29 12. 233Y1 Y2Y3Y4 X Y5 Y6 Y7 Y8 MaXaMbXbMcXaMdXbMaMbMcMd X Y X Y Y X X Y X Y 13. 236 double-blind experiment control variable carryover effect 14. 271 18 SR AB 15. 281 24 16. 311 17. 317 8 Univariaie AnalysisBivariate analysis 2ANOVA 9 Frequency Distribution X 18. 346 25 lambda PRE proportionate reduction of error 90 1000 500 1500 300 200 5001300 700 2000 E120001500=500 E213001000+700500500 E1E2/E1500500/5000 0 26 Regression Analysis x Y regression 19. 409 naturalismout therereal isinstitutional ethnography Dorothy Smith, 1978 non-reactive 20. 446 27