Members of group:Najihah Abdullah (0730894)Nafisah Ismail (0736014)Nik Afra‟ Nik Mohd Azam (0730184)Nor Aini Abdullah (0739018)Norhidayati Jabir (0739078)
Lecturer: Dr Suhailah Hussien
Universals (al-kulliy al-khamsah)
Introduction to Logic (EDI 2601 )
Universals(Al-KulliyyatAl-Khamsah)
Differentia (Al-Fasl)
Common Accident (Al-‟Arad
„Am)
Property (Al-Khassah)
Genus (Al-Jins)
Species (Al-Nau‟)
Genus is describe as a universal predicated
of things having different realities, in answer to the question “What is it?”
Refers to a general name that constitutes the reality and species but in different reality.
Eg: Transport.
Transport can be defined in assorted meaning and different reality.
Eg: Train and Aeroplane.
Transport is a Kulli al-Jins that have variety sort.
Eg: Aeroplane : on the sky, fly
Train : on the land.
Al-Jins is a part of the reality of lower object.
Eg: Reality of animal (Human).
Known as Jins Ba‟id and it is a higher level that constitute other genus under this level.
Eg: Jauhar It is a essential of .(الجوهر)something.
There have another genus under this level.
Eg: Quantity and animal.
Refers to the lowest level that constitute species under this level.
Eg: Animal and it species such as man, cow, cat, and other.
Species is described in one or two senses:
First: as a universal predicated of things not
differing, except numerically, in answer to
the question, “What is it?”
Second: describes as a universal of which
the genus is predicated as well as of other
things, in an essential and primary manner.
Refer to general name that constitute the similarities of reality.
Eg: Liana, Mariam, Ahmad.
The reality of man is similar, refer to the ability of thinking and speaking. (haiwanan-natiq)
It is a highest level in this division. It is also can be refer as a middle level of al-Jins(Genus).
Eg: (الجسم ) Al-Jism
Difference is described as a universal
predicated of a thing, in answer the question
“Which thing is it in its substance?”
Eg: Think (الناطق) . The differences between
human being and animal is rational.
Al-Fasl al-Qarib
Refers to the species that have their own characteristic.
It can also be defined as a concept that differentiate a species with other species.
Eg: Al-Natiq refer to human, and Senses for animal.
Property is described as in a non essential
manner, of that which falls under one
reality only.
Eg: Laughing (الضاحك)
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