Nutritional Management for the Prevention
of Injury and the Rehabilitation for Winter
Sports Players;
focused on speed skate, short track skate, and
alpine ski.
Hyon PARK, Ph.D. Professor
Exercise Nutrition & Biochemistry LAB,
Kyung Hee University, KOREA
I. On-going Research Projects on Winter Sports in
Korea
Research Projects on Winter Sports ;supported by Korean government
• Planning since 2010
• Convergence Projects in Sports Science(Sports 科學 融合硏究事
業 ) has started in 2014 till 2018
• In 2018, PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games, Korea
• Managed by ‘Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning’
and ‘National Research Foundation of Korea’
• Three major projects with 6 million dollars for 5 years
Guidelines for nutritional management with the purpose of the prevention of injury and illness and rehabilitation for winter sports players; focused on speed skate, short track skate, and alpine ski.
DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING-SPORTS-CLINI-
CAL TECHNIQUE ON THE PREVENTION AND
REHABILITATION BASED ON THE MECHANISM OF
INJURIES IN WINTER SPORTS
Supported by
Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning
National Research Foundation of Korea
2014 ~ 2018
1. Knee Joint
• Highest cases of ligament rupture occur at anterior cruciate ligament *The main
mechanism of injury: Excessive anterior tibial transposition, Extroversion, External rotation
Slip catch Dynamic snowplow Landing
Boot-induced Phantom-boot Deceleration
I. INTRODUCTION
Sports Injury Clinical Research Trends
Three major parts of Winter sports injury ; according to frequency and severity level
Am J Sports Med, 2011; Arthroscopy, 2003
2. Shoulder Joint
• Frequent in skiing, snow-boarding, and ice hockey - Rotator cuff tear(24%), Front joint & humeral joint dislocation (22%),
Acromioclavicular joint dissociation(20%), Clavicular fracture(11%)
• The main mechanism of injury : Axial load acting on the arm / External rotation & abduction power of shoulder-joint
Humeral fractures, Humeral dislocation
Direct hit at Shoulder region Clavicle fracture, Acromioclavicular joint separation
I. INTRODUCTION
Sports Injury Clinical Research Trends
3. Wrist/Ankle Joint
Mechanism of injury need to be studied for the prevention of repetitive injury
Quantitative analysis of biomechanical information is required to assess muscu -
loskeletal injuries at the moment of action
• Wrist injuries are most common injuries during snowboarding
- Radius, ulna fracture
• In case of ski, wrist 5.7%, ankle 8.0% of the total injuries
- Sprains of muscles or ligaments at wrist or ankle
I. INTRODUCTION
Sports Injury Clinical Research Trends
I. INTRODUCTION
Engineering
Sports Science
Clinical/Rehab
Mechanism of Winter sports injuries,Injury prevention, Recovery and Rehabilitation Program Development
II. Objectives and Contents of Study
II. OBJECTIVES AND CON-TENTS 1st 3 Years
Winter sports injuries prediction by using Korean mus-
culoskeletal multi-scale simulation model
Team 1
Technological-convergence and the establishment
Source-technology development
• Wearable motion analysis system technology development for winter sports motion analysis
• Motion analysis and interlock system, Musculoskeletal model building and simulation SW development possible Integration, human kinematics analysis
• Scaling technology development considering the characteristics of musculoskeletal players
• Detailed finite element model of joint development (Upper, lower limb and spinal cord)
• Establishment of injury Predictor based on Joint damage mechanisms
• Human Body Model/ Reproducing injury during winter sports game besed simulation
• Winter sports injury of biomechanics/clinical proven mechanism
Team 1Engineering/
Clinical Team
• Build injury database through Injury Surveillance System
- Filming Training and competition scene using high-speed cameras
- Investigate environmental factors of the stadium: temperature, humidity, ice quality, snow quality, etc.
- Medical information collected injuries through cooperation with stadium medical staff
Literature search ---> Analytical review ---> DB for comparison / analysis
• Measurements on physiological factors; physical, muscular, functional parameters
• Evaluation of nutritional status; diet analysis, personal and group interview & consulting
• Prevention, recovery, and rehabilitation program development based on data built
II. OBJECTIVES AND CON-TENTS 1st 3 Years
Team2
Database establishment of physiology, nutrition, and performance
Built injury surveillance system
Team 2Ex Physiol/
Rehab Team
Field application and evaluation of the Program
II. OBJECTIVES AND CON-TENTS 4th and 5th Years Propose and complement Total Care System
III. Characteristics of
Winter Sports
1.Cold conditions on ice or snow in indoor & outdoor environ-
ment
2. Power and speed required at the same time
3. Relatively higher energy consumption rate
4. Sudden, extreme environmental changes
5. Vulnerable to upper respiratory tract infection(URTI)
6. Relatively shorter season
IV. Nutrition Status (preliminary survey re-sults)
Group1=Teens, Group2=TwentiesGroup1 n=76, Group2 n=19
Ener
gy(k
cal)
Carbo
hydr
ate(
g)
Calcium
(mg)
Anim
al ca
lciu
m(m
g)
Phos
phor
us(m
g)0.00
200.00
400.00
600.00
800.00
1000.00
1200.00
1400.00
1600.00
1800.00
2000.00
TeensTwenties
Teens / Twenties Independent t-test
Group1=man, Group2=womanGroup1 n=55, Group2 n=35
Energy(kcal) Phosphorus(mg) Sodium(mg)0.00
500.00
1000.00
1500.00
2000.00
2500.00
3000.00
3500.00
4000.00
ManWoman
Gender Independent t-test
Group1=man, Group2=womanGroup1 n=55, Group2 n=35
Carbo
hydr
ate(
g)
Lipid(g
)
Anim
al lip
id(g
)
Prot
ein(
g)
Veget
able p
rote
in(g
)
Anim
al p
rote
in(g
)
Selenium
(μg)
0.00
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
300.00
ManWoman
Gender Independent t-test
Middle school athlete & Korean recommended intake comparison
n=35
Ener
gy(k
cal)
Prot
ein(
g)
Dieta
ry fi
ber(g
)
Vitam
in A
(ug
RE)
Vitam
in D
(ug)
Vitam
in E
(mg)
Vitam
in K
(ug)
Vitam
in C
(mg)
Thia
min
e(m
g)
Ribofl
avin
(mg)
Niacin
(mg)
Vitam
in B
6(m
g)
Folic
acid
(ug)
Vitam
in B
12(u
g)0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Middle school athlete
Middle school athlete
Ener
gy(k
cal)
Prot
ein(
g)
Dieta
ry fi
ber(g
)
Vitam
in A
(ug
RE)
Vitam
in D
(ug)
Vitam
in E
(mg)
Vitam
in K
(ug)
Vitam
in C
(mg)
Thia
min
e(m
g)
Ribofl
avin
(mg)
Niacin
(mg)
Vitam
in B
6(m
g)
Folic
acid
(ug)
Vitam
in B
12(u
g)0
50
100
150
200
250
University school athlete
University school athlete
n=25
University athlete & Korean recommended intake comparison
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