Better understanding

of

Biological activities

of

Glycyrrhiza glabra….in last 20 years

Presented by

Dr. Sudhakar Kokate

Director PPRC, India

Description

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1. Family: Leguminosae

2. Distribution: England, France, Germany,

USA, Italy, India, Russia, Spain

3. Origin: Greece

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4. Meaning: Glycyrrhiza – sweet root

glabra – smooth

5. Etyology: also known as Liquorice plant

6. Flowers: Purplish blue colour

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5. Underground portion: branches of long

roots + thin rhizomes (stolons)

6. Propagation: by rhizome cuttings

7. For drug prep: dried unpeeled roots &

stolons are used

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Chemicals

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1. Glycyrrhizin (2 – 14%) – triterpenoid

saponin

2. Major constituent: Glycyrrhizinic acid

3. Glabranin A & B

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4. Glycyrrbetol

5. Glabrolide

6. Isoglabrolide

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7. Flavones: liquirtin, isoliquertin,

rhamnoliquirtin

8. Isoflavones

9. Neoliquiritin

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10. Formononetin

11. Glabrone

12. Hispaglaridin A & B

13. Coumarins: herniarin, umbelliferone

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14. Triterpene sterols: onocerin,

betaamyrin, stigmasterol

15. Sugars: glucose, sucrose

16. Asparagine

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17. Starch

18. Protein

19. Glycyramarin

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Biological activities

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1. Anti-HIV

2. Anti-hepatitis

3. Anti-tumour effect

4. Anti-diabetic

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5. Anti-carcinogenic

6. Anti-inflammatory

7. Anti-allergic

8. Anti-thrombin

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9. Hepato-protective

10.Immuno-modulatory

11.Anti-viral

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Utility

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1. Used as demulcent & expectorant

2. Liquid extract used in cough mixtures

3. Liquid extract used as flavouring agent

in nauseous medicines

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4. Used as a substitute for corticosteroids

5. For peptic ulcers

6. Used in skin diseases

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7. Commercially liquorice added to

chewing gum, chocolate candy,

cigarettes smoking mixture &

chewing tobacco

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Side effects

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Glycyrrhetic acid, the metabolite of

Glycyrrhizin can inhibit 11-

betahydroxy steroid dehydrogenase in

kidney & thereby cause

pseudoaldosteronism resulting in

hypertension, hypokalemic myopathy,

arrythmia & cardiac arrest

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Hence

the use of this drug

needs

CAUTION !!PPRC/INDIA 23

Thank you !!