Thorsten Brümmer
Gas quality and interoperability
Hannover, 23/04/2013
Gasunie – a european company
NEL
15.100 km Gas grid- 3.200 in Germany Transported volume 125 Mrd m³/a (D: 24 Mrd m³/a) Connects the european pipeline systems of D, NL,
N, B, DK, GB, RU 1.800 Employees, 250 in Germany
2
Power to Gas activities First participation of Gasunie Deutschland at „DENA
Strategieplattform 2012/13 Power-to-Gas“ and participation at Workshop „Roadmap“ of “DENA Strategieplattform 2012/13” for the political establishment of P2G
Gasunie Deutschland is member in DVGW power to gas activities “Koordinierungsausschuss Cluster „Power to Gas”” for technical questions and guideline setting
Presence at various other P2G-Events (EDGaR, DBI) First planning experiences in a P2G Project (grid
connection, metering and compressor station)"
The influence of H2 on important gas parameters
• For burning value and the wobbe number high amounts of hydrogen are uncritical in the most cases
• The lower density line already gets passed at an amount of 3 Vol.-% H2 assuming russian H-Gas
• For the methane number concentrations under 10 % are uncritical
Source: E.ON Ruhrgas AG, 2011
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70Tr
ansp
ortle
itung
(1)
Gas
turb
ine
(2)
Tran
spor
t- un
d S
peic
herv
erdi
chte
r (3)
Kav
erne
(4)
Por
en (5
)
Kug
el /
Tank
s (6
)
Kom
plet
tieru
ngst
echn
ik /
OT-
Anl
agen
(7)
Ultr
asch
allg
aszä
hler
(8)
Turb
inen
radg
aszä
hler
(9)
Bal
geng
aszä
hler
(10)
Men
genu
mw
erte
r (11
)
Pro
zess
gasc
hrom
atog
raph
(12)
Dru
ckre
gelg
erät
e (1
3)
Odo
riera
nlag
e (Im
pfdü
se) (
14)
Sta
hl (V
erte
ilung
slei
tung
en) (
15)
PV
C, P
E, I
nlin
er (V
erte
ilung
slei
tung
en) (
16)
Dic
htun
gen
(17)
Ste
ck-,
Sch
raub
- und
Pre
ssve
rbin
dung
(18)
Gas
strö
mun
gsw
ächt
er (1
9)
Arm
atur
en (2
0)
Hau
sins
talla
tion
(Ver
rohr
ung)
(21)
Fahr
zeug
e: M
otor
en (2
2)
Fahr
zeug
e: C
NG
1-Ta
nks
(23)
Atm
osph
äric
he G
asbr
enne
r (24
)
Geb
läse
bren
ner (
25)
Bre
nnw
ertk
esse
l (26
)
Bre
nnst
offz
elle
(27)
Stil
ingm
otor
(28)
Gas
herd
(29)
BH
KW
(30)
Zumischung Wasserstoff unbedenklich Anpassungs- und Regelbedarf Forschungs- und Untersuchungsbedarf
Was
sers
toff
im E
rdga
s [V
ol.
-%]
Gasspeicher M&R AnwendungTransport Verteilung
1
2
Limit nach sensiblen KomponentenDichteelemente, Flammenrückschlagen, Garantien / Gewährleistungen
H2-Anteil > 0,2 Vol.-%: PGC's mit eichfähiger H2-Bestimmung notwendig12
2
1
Limit nach Regelwerk / Normen / HerstellervorgabenBerücksichtigung der MethanzahlMax. 2 Vol.-% H2 (DIN 51624)
12
DVGW-Folgeprojekt / F&E-Projekt zurweiteren UntersuchungLösung für höhere H2-Zumsichung vorhanden
A: LK 1 Gasversorgung L: LK 2 Gasanwendung B: G-TK-1-1 Gastransportleitung F: G-TK-1-5 Gasmessung/ -abrechnung J: G-AG-1-9 Untertagegasspeicherung M: G-TK-2-1 Gasförmige Brennstoffe Q: G-TK-2-5 Erdgastankstellen und -fahrzeuge C: G-TK-1-2 Verdichteranlagen G: G-TK-1-6 Gasarmaturen K: G-TK-1-10 Aussenkorrosion N: G-TK-2-2 häusliche, gewerbliche und industrielle Gasanwendung R: G-TK-2-7 DVGW / DVFG - Flüssiggas D: G-TK-1-3 Gasverteilung H: G-TK-1-7 Werkstoffe und Schweißtechnik - O: G-TK-2-3 Gasinstallation S: G-PK-0-0-1 Biogas E: G-TK-1-4 Anlagentechnik I: G-TK-1-8 Dispatching - P: G-TK-2-4 Bauteile und Hilfsstoffe -
B, G, H,I, K C
LKJ E, H,
KE, K
A L D, E,G, P
E, G,S, M
D, G, H,I, K, P
D, E, P D, E, G,M, O, P
E, P, Q N, O, P, R
Source: DVGW, 2013
Pipelines (Steel)- Concentrations of 50 % H2 have no effects on crack growth- PIM is recommended for concentrations over 10 Vol.-% H2- Further research with more materials is needed
Pipelines (plastic material)- The permeation of H2 is related to safety aspects uncritical- H2 has no influence on the durability of the distribution network
Gas-turbines- Right now manufacturers recommend just 1 – 3 Vol.-%- Laboratory tests were successful with concentrations to 9 Vol.-%
Compressors- Because of the lower heating value (6 % less if 10 % H2 is
blended), higher compressor power is needed if the same amount of energy should be delivered
Cavern storages- in the past gas with 55 Vol.-% H2 was stored - no problems
occurred- further research is needed for special materials,
components and cement- the H2 tolerance of every cavern should be examined
separately
Pore storages- experience shows problems regarding to the generation of
H2S and corrosion in humid ambiance- further research is needed for the whole storage process- in the past the storage of H2 in pore storages was
practiced
Gas metering equipment- diaphragm and turbine-wheel meters are uncritical till
concentrations of 30 Vol.-% H2- ultrasonic meters need to be adjusted- Long time stress tests have to be done and measuring
inaccuracy has to be monitored
Quantity transformers- Concentrations up to 10 Vol.-% are uncritical- Corrections are needed subsequent for higher
concentrations than 10 Vol.-%
Gas-phase chromatograph - at higher concentrations than 0,2 Vol.-% H2 technical
modification is needed - new separation column or different carrier gas (Argon,
not Helium)
Pressure regulating and metering station- these stations are designed for high concentrations of H2- experiences in handling of pressure regulating and
metering stations with coke oven gas (up to 67 Vol.-% H2)
Odorization- In the past odorization was used for gases with high H2
concentration- New odorants need to be analyzed
-9-
Seals and connections- no problems with H2 known - tests for single parts are recommended
House installations and valves- designed for gases with high amount of hydrogen (G260)- up to 50 Vol.-% H2 seems to be possible
Gas flow detectors- applicable for different H2 concentrations- practical research needed for closing volume flow, secured
length and leakage
Gas engines- up to 8 Vol.-% H2 possible without adjustment- even better efficiency and reduction of emissions- With adjustments up to 20 % are possible (compliance with
methane number)- Stirling motors: malfunctions over 23 Vol.-% H2
Tanks- Critical value is 2 Vol.-% H2 (DIN 51624)- Influence of H2 on tanks is still under research
House appliances- Studies showed stable burning up to 20 Vol.-%, up to 40
Vol. -% at some new gas burners- Huge reduction of emissions like CO, CO2 and NOX- There can be old appliances that get problems with
concentrations over 10 Vol.-% - Therefore further tests with more types under real
conditions are currently running
Industry - Fluctuating gas quality can be a problem – further research
has to be done- For sensible appliances it can be necessary to build gas-
phase chromatograph or oxygen measuring probes- Even the removal of hydrogen can be necessary
Fuel cells- Problems with fluctuating gas quality but not with high
concentrations of H2- Further research needed
Combined heat and power stations- efficient operation with very low heating value or blended
air possible (compliance with methane number)- just small influence on flames and NOX emissions up to
concentrations of 15 Vol.-%- no problems in new stations up to 20 Vol.-%
-13-
-14- Source: DVGW, 2013
Conclusion In general, the gas infrastructure should stand H2-
concentrations of 10 Vol.-% Research relating to critical parts like storages, gas
turbines, gas tanks and the industry is under progress– Result could be, that critical parts of the in infrastructure
are not applicable for H2 - their modification can be expensive
The different gas qualities have to be checked with the international trading partners
Regulatory conditions and market models have to be created
-15-
Thank you
-16-
Top Related