a)Mountains chains: very high elevations- Mountains ranges (high and sharp) -
cordilleras-- Massifs: Old mountains ranges (round) -
macizos-b)Plateaus: high flat areas
- Mesas or páramos. - Peneplain -penillanura-c) Plains: low flat areas. - Alluvial plains (rivers) - Coastal plains (sea)d) Basins: low areas below sea level.e) Valleys: - Glaciar Valleys “U-Shape” - River valleys “V-Shape” - “Cannons”
“Young” mountains chains: high and sharp (current tectonic plates contact)
Sharp and high+3500 metres.
The Alps,Switzerland
Old mountains chains (round, eroded)Old tectonic contact.
Old round Mountains chains900 metres
OurenseGalicia
Plateau: High flat areas from eroded mountains (more than 500 metres).
Wide high plain
slope
Harder layers
Páramo or mesa (isolated plateau, or reliefs with flat peak)
Flat peak
More paramos ColoradoUSA
Very flat land, usually less than 300 metres high.
Hilly plain, with river valleys, and not completly flat (llanura con colinas)
350 metresOver sea
valleys
Old mountain chains
Hills
Cáceres
“Wavy appearance”
Low rocky hills
Cáceres
Very low areas, sometimes below sea level, usually in wide river valleys.
EbroBasin,Aragón
U-shapevalley
Narrow valleys in the mountain chains, formed by rivers.
1. Coastal plain (beginning of the continental shelf)2. Cliffs (sharp end of coastline)3. Capes (narrow portion of land entering
in sea)3. Gulfs (big) and bays (small). (water entering in land)4. Peninsulas (land entering in water)5. Archipelagues (group of islands) 6. Atoll (atolón)7. Straits. (lands narrowly divided by
water)
Padre IslandTexas, USA
This plains are caused by proximity to Continental shelf. Very low areas
Flat land
Gulf ofMéxico
USA
México
PeninsulaFlorida
PeninsulaYucatán
BahamasArchipelague
Texas & LouisianaCoastal plain
Cliffs: sharp ending of the continental land.
Mohen,IrelandLayers of
Sedimentary rocks
Narrow portions of land entering in the sea.
Portion of water surrounded partialy by the coastal line.
Bay or Harbour.
Gulf ofMéxico
USA
México
PeninsulaFlorida
PeninsulaYucatán
BahamasArchipelague
Texasplain
Portion of water surrounded partialy by the continent,(much bigger than a bay).
Piece of land almost entirely surrounded byWater.
IberianPeninsula.
Gulf ofMéxico
USA
México
PeninsulaFlorida
PeninsulaYucatán
BahamasArchipelague
Group of islands in the sea or ocean.
Canarias islands
Gulf ofMéxico
USA
México
PeninsulaFlorida
PeninsulaYucatán
BahamasArchipelague
Cuba
a) Continental shelf: underwater plateau 200 m. deep
b) Abyssal plain: underwater plateau + 4000 m. deep.
c) Continental slope: the slope between both of them.
d) Trench (fosas): very deep, in the contact of tectonic plates.
e) Ridges (dorsales oceánicas): mountain ranges in the oceans.
Continental shelf: plain behind the water of the sea, quite hollow
Continental slope: end of the continental shelf, fallingTo the abbysal plain.
Continental slope
Trench(fosa)
Abyssal plain, very deep (+4000 metres)
4. Ocean Ridge
Lava in ridges
Mountain chains in the middle of the ocean, created by the Division of tectonic plates.
Deepest places in the oceans, more than 8000 metres.
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