Bidirectional Converter Application
in Renewable Energy
By: Prof. Hamdy Ashour Electrical and Control Engineering Department
Arab Academy for Science &Technology,
Collage of Engineering and Technology, Alexandria, Egypt,
[email protected] & [email protected]
This presentation will highlight on the followings:-
Definition
Utilization within AC Micro-Grid
Utilization within DC Micro-Grid
Utilization within Hybrid Micro-Grid
Typical Topology Examples
Case Study
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Bidirectional converter is a power electronics based circuit configuration that can perform the stepping up and stepping down of voltage level with ability of power flow control in both directions.
Bidirectional converters can be used in various applications including Uinterrupted Power Supplies (UPS), Energy Storage System (batteries and fuel cell), Vehicle to Grid (V2G) , and Hybrid Grids with Renewable Energy Resources.
Definition
Power Electronics Converter
(PEC)
Supply (A)
Supply (B)
AC Grid
Fossil Stations
Nuclear Stations
Hydro Stations
Wind Stations
SS
SS
SS
PEC (DC / AC)
DP (DC)
DC Loads
Electrical Vehicles
Storage Units
PEC (AC/ AC)
PEC (AC/ DC)
PEC (AC/ DC)
PEC (AC/ DC)
DP (AC) AC Loads
Solar Stations
SS: Synchronization System
PEC: Power Electronics Converter
DP: Distribution Panels
AC Power Lines
DC Power Lines
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Utilization within AC Micro-Grid
SS: Synchronization System
PEC: Power Electronics Converter
DP: Distribution Panels
AC Power Lines
DC Power Lines
DC Grid
Solar Stations
Fossil Stations
Nuclear Stations
Hydro Stations
Wind Stations
PEC (DC / DC)
DP (DC)
DC Loads
Electrical Vehicles
Storage Units
PEC (AC/ DC)
PEC (DC / DC)
PEC (DC / DC)
DP (AC) AC Loads
PEC (AC / DC)
PEC (AC / DC)
PEC (AC / DC)
PEC (DC/ AC)
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Utilization within DC Micro-Grid
AC Grid
Solar Stations
Fossil Stations
Nuclear Stations
Hydro Stations
Wind Stations
AC Loads
SS
SS
SS
DC Loads
Small Wind Units
Small Solar Units
Biodiesel Units
Electrical Vehicles
Storage Units
DC Grid
PEC (AC / AC)
PEC (DC / AC)
DP (AC) DP (DC)
PEC (DC / DC)
PEC (DC / DC)
PEC (AC / DC)
PEC (DC / DC)
PEC (DC / DC)
PEC (AC / DC)
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Utilization within Hybrid Micro-Grid
SS: Synchronization System
PEC: Power Electronics Converter
DP: Distribution Panels
AC Power Lines
DC Power Lines
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Typical Topology Examples
Topology of non-isolated bidirectional converter composed of pulse width modulation (PWM) converter and bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter
Topology of isolated bidirectional converter composed of pulse width modulation (PWM) converter and bidirectional dual-active-bridge (DAB)
Battery-less Hybrid Micro-grid Power Management Using Bidirectional Three Phase Power Converter
This research work proposes a setup for power flow management over a hybrid grid (including AC and DC grids) using a three phase converter and without need to any permanent storage systems (batteries or fuel cells) on the DC bus to counteract their high cost, complexity of design and integration.
Such proposed system is capable of serving low voltage residential and commercial loads where there would be an availability of renewable energy sources and possible DC loads (heaters, LED lights, electronics, etc …).
Bidirectional power transmission is achieved between AC and DC bus through a three phase converter whose primary objective is to maintain a constant DC bus voltage with respect to DC sources or loads change.
A proportional integral controller is utilized to achieve the reference DC bus voltage by varying the reference AC grid side current which is controlled by a hysteresis controller.
Through Matlab/Simulink simulation and practical implementation, the proposed prototype setup was evaluated for different operation scenarios
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Renewable Energy System
DC Micro –Grid Bus AC Micro –Grid Bus
DC Loads AC Loads
PV PEC
Bidirectional
Converter
Mover SG
CB
DSP
Synchronizer &
Power Controller DSP
Power Flow
Controller
V DC
I DC I AC
V AC Gate
Signals
V AC
I AC
f AC
VSG
I SG
f SG
Reactive Active
Trip
Distributed Generation System
Over All System
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Flowchart demonstrating modes of operation
Modes of Operation
The main objective is to eliminate the use of any batteries
or fuel cells, allowing future power level increase on DC bus
with no possible storage requirements and price limitations.
This will require continuous monitoring of DC bus
voltage, since any fluctuations in the DC bus power will
result in direct impact on the DC bus voltage.
To achieve that, three different modes of operation are
provided:-
Mode 1: Inverter mode or current injection to AC grid
that happens when the photo-voltaic (PV) source produces
power (PPV) more than required by DC load, resulting in
potential increase of DC bus voltage.
Mode 2: Rectifier mode or current drawn from AC grid
that happens when the PV source produces power (PPV)
less than required by DC load, resulting in potential
decrease of DC bus voltage.
Mode 3: Off mode, when DC load power is equal to output
DC source power (PPV). A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Simulation Analysis
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Proposed hybrid grid simulation ( Using Simulink/ Matlab)
AC grid voltage and current for different operation modes
Mode 1
Mode 3
Mode 2
Experimental Setup
# Description # Description # Description
1 Variable DC power
supply 6
External source for
converter gate power (15 V
adaptors)
11 DC bus voltage
sensor
2 Series DC resistance 7 DSP – Contactors isolation
circuit 12 3-ph AC grid
3 DC bus capacitor 8 DSP 13 DC load
4 3-ph converter 9 3-ph AC grid current
sensors 14
Measuring
devices
5 AC grid side
inductor filter 10 Phase “A” voltage sensor
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Experimental Results
Effect of increasing DC load current ( from 0.0A to 2.2A) in the DC grid voltage
(a) without the proposed controller VDC = is decreased from 48V to 15V
(b) with the proposed controller
VDC = is almost constant at 48V
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
Experimental Results
AC grid voltage (VA) and current(IA) for different operation modes
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
[1] “Battery-less hybrid micro-grid power management using bi-directional three phase power converter” Mohamed Ismail Nassef, Hamdy Ahmed Ashour and Hussein El Desouki Said ICDCM 2015
[2] “DSP-based simple technique for synchronization of 3-phase alternators with
active and reactive power load sharing” Mohamed Ismail Nassef, Hamdy Ahmed Ashour and Hussein El Desouki Said ICEMC 2016
[3] “Topology of a Bidirectional Converter for Energy Interaction between Electric
Vehicles and the Grid” Jiuchun Jiang , Yan Bao and Le Yi Wang Energies 2014
[4] “A Review of Non-Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converters for Energy Storage Systems”
Kostiantyn Tytelmaier, Oleksandr Husev, Oleksandr Veligorskyi and Roman Yershov YSF 2016
A lecture by: Prof. Hamdy Ashour
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