Информационна грамотност и обществени библиотеки Румяна Койчева
Www.vuzf.bg Проучване нивото на финансова грамотност и...
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Transcript of Www.vuzf.bg Проучване нивото на финансова грамотност и...
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Проучване нивото на финансова грамотност
и нуждата от финансово обучение
Марио КаменовДиректор на Център за
продължаващо и професионално обучение към
Висше училище по застраховане и финанси
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
FINAncial LIteracy STimulation
FINALIST
БългарияГърцияГерманияКипърФранция
www.finalist-project.eu
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Предварително проучване на инициативите в България насочени към повишаване на финансовата грамотност
РЕЗУЛТАТИ ОТ ПРОУЧВАНЕТОФормиране на извадкатаМетоди на изследванетоИкономическа грамотностФинансова грамотностВъпроси зададени само на българските потребители
Изводи
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Предварително проучване на инициативите в България насочени
към повишаване на финансовата грамотност
• Никаква специална програма или план, целящи да заздравят финансовата грамотност на населението не е предвидена в България
• Основният фактор за предоставяне на обучение и повишаване на осведомеността по финансовите въпроси, е Комисията за финансов надзор
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
РЕЗУЛТАТИ ОТ ПРОУЧВАНЕТО
Формиране на извадката – Процес на формиране и персонална характеристика на участниците в извадката
Age
Sample Eurostat
UP TO 24 8.03% 16%
25 - 34 21.40% 18%
35 - 49 29.77% 25%
50 - 64 32.78% 24%
65 + 8.03% 17%
Gender
Sample Eurostat
Male 40.47% 48%
Female 59.53% 52%
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
ResponsPercent
ResponsTotal
Employed in the public sector 33.78% 101
Employed in the private sector 36.45% 109
Self-employed 3.34% 10
Currently unemployed 8.03% 24
Retired from public sector 14.05% 42
Retired from private sector 1.67% 5
Other 2.34% 7
No reply 0.33% 1
EmploymentResponsPercent
ResponsTotal
Primary education 3.68% 11
Secondary education
46.49% 139
Higher education 49.16% 147
No reply 0.67% 2
Еducation
ResponsePercent
ResponsTotal
Married, no children 7.02% 21
Married with children 64.21% 192
Single parent 7.02% 21
Single 16.05% 48
Other 5.69% 17
Personal status
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Методи на изследването
Под формата на интервю Попълване на въпросник състоящ се от две части – “Икономическа грамотност” и “Финансова грамотност” с общо 30 въпроса
Проблем с малкото или никакво разбиране на целите на проучването от страна на потребителите !!!
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Резултати от проучването – Икономическа грамотност
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
In your country, who determines what goods and services should be produced?
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Producers and government 41.14% 123
Consumers and government 5.02% 15
Producers, consumers and government 45.15% 135
Dont know 8.36% 25
No reply 0.33% 1
0 10 20 30 40 50
Correct
Incorrect
Don't know
Consumers’ role in determining production of goods and services
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Purchasing decisions
When deciding which of two items to purchase, one should always:
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Choose the item that costs less 14.72% 44
Choose an item after comparing the costs and benefits of both items
41.47% 124
Choose the item with the greatest benefits 43.14% 129
Dont know 0.33% 1
No reply 0.33% 1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Correct
Incorrect
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
If the price of beef doubled and the price of poultry stayed the same, people would most likely buy:
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
More poultry and less beef 81.61% 244
Less poultry and more beef 2.68% 8
The same amount of poultry and beef
8.36% 25
Dont know 5.69% 17
No reply 1.67% 5
0 20 40 60 80 100
Correct
Incorrect
Don't know
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
If your country stopped importing electric appliances from abroad, who would be most likely to benefit?
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Appliances manufacturers in other countries 5.69% 17
Appliances manufacturers in your country 78.93% 236
Consumers in your country 7.36% 22
Dont know 7.02% 21
No reply 1.00% 3
0 20 40 60 80 100
Correct
Incorrect
Don't know
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Money and inflation
Which of the following statements about the functions of money is correct?
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Money holds its value well in times of inflation 0.33% 1
Money makes it more difficult to save 23.08% 69
Money makes buying and selling goods and services easier
67.22% 201
Dont know 8.03% 24
No reply 1.34% 4
0 20 40 60 80
Correct
Incorrect
Don't know
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
The cost of borrowing money is measured by the:
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Annual percentage rate of interest 61.87% 185
Amount of downpayment 16.05% 48
Monthly payment 8.70% 26
Dont know 12.04% 36
No reply 1.34% 4
0 20 40 60 80
Correct
Incorrect
Don't know
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Which of the following types of investments has the greatest risk of losing value due to inflation?
ResponsePercent
Response Total
Buying stocks in the stock market 5.35% 16
Keeping your savings as cash hidden in a mattress
75.25% 225
Investing in money market mutual funds 5.69% 17
Dont know 11.71% 35
No reply 2.01% 6
0 20 40 60 80
Correct
Incorrect
Don't know
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Government finances and the stock market functions
When the government's expenditures for a year are greater than its revenue for that year, the difference is known as:
ResponsePercent
ResponsTotal
A budget surplus 2.01% 6
The national debt 6.02% 18
A budget deficit 81.94% 245
Dont know 8.36% 25
No reply 1.67% 5
0 20 40 60 80 100
Correct
Incorrect
Don't know
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
The stock market is an example of an institution that exists to help people achieve their goals. The existence of the stock market:
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Brings people who want to buy stocks together with those who want to sell stocks
58.19% 174
Results in an increase in the price of stocks 9.36% 28
Helps predict stock earnings 15.72% 47
Dont know 15.38% 46
No reply 1.34% 4
0 20 40 60 80 100
Correct
Incorrect
Don't know
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Резултати от проучването – Финансова грамотност
Забележка:За следващите два въпроса резултатите са представени с индекс който отразява съотношението на хората който добре разбират посочените продукти и хората който не ги разбират или ги разбират малко. Съответно ако индексът е по-голям от 1 показва, че хората който разбират продуктите са повече и обратното.
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Information on financial products and services
For the financial products and/ or services that you use, please indicate how well you know about the fees and charges that apply.
Percentage of people who gave the answer “Not
Used”
Index of knowledge
Superannuation 56.52 % 0,71
Telephone banking 69.23 % 0,33
Shares 64.21 % 0,52
Internet banking 68.22 % 0,95
Term deposits 41.4 % 2,40
Non-mortgage loans 32.77 % 2,83
Bank accounts 30.1 % 3,04
ATMs 29.1 % 4,05
Mortgages 60.87 % 0,70
Credit cards 39.13 % 2,93
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
How well do you understand the financial records that you probably receive for particular financial product/ service?
Percentage of people who gave the answer “Not
Received””
Index of understandin
g
Superannuation 59.2 % 0,96
Insurance 43.48 % 2,11
Telephone banking 68.22 % 0,59
Shares 60.86 % 0,59
Internet banking 66.89 % 0,80
Term deposits 42.81 % 2,70
Non-mortgage loans 34.11 % 3,40
Bank accounts 31.77 % 2,85
ATMs 31.77 % 4,14
Mortgages 59.53 % 0,87
Credit cards 40.13 % 2,40
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
How much is your knowledge and understanding of financial products and the mechanisms of the economy and finance?
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Can get along without any financial knowledge. 11.39% 58
Did not actively seek information on finance, because of the impression that finance was a complicated subject 19.26% 98
Do not know how to obtain accurate information on finance. 15.72% 80
Not enough accurate information easy to understand available on financial products. 25.74% 131
Even though I gather information, a lot of it is hard to understand. 26.52% 135
No reply 1.38% 7
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
What are your views about the information on financial products and or services provided by various organisations and companies?
ResponsePercent
Response Total
Useful enough to gain knowledge on financial products and the mechanisms of the economy and finance, by reading
pamphlets and searching into Web sites10.37% 31
The content of information is rather difficult and hard to follow 25.75% 77
Have got the impression that a lot of information is actually written in the interest of financial institutions
43.14% 129
Have not seen much information 19.40% 58
No reply 1.34% 4
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
What type of information would you like to have?
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Deposits and savings 16.12% 99
Stocks 9.45% 58
Bonds (public and corporate) 5.05% 31
Pensions 14.17% 87
Insurance 11.40% 70
Tax, such as inheritance tax 11.56% 71
Loans and credit 21.50% 132
Want nothing in particular 10.42% 64
No reply 0.33% 2
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
What are at present your main sources of information and knowledge on finance?
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Explanations by financial institutions counter staff and sales people
22.09% 144
Product brochures of financial institutions 13.65% 89
Books 1.84% 12
TV programmes, newspaper and magazine articles (excluding advertisements)
15.64% 102
Advertisements on TV, in newspapers and magazines
13.65% 89
Internet surfing 8.13% 53
Conversations with family members and/or friends 20.86% 136
Pamphlets and seminars of organisations that are not connected to any particular industry
2.76% 18
Lessons and/or lectures at schools 0.77% 5
No reply 0.61% 4
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Provisions for retirement
"I have worked out how much I will need to save for my retirement". Indicate whether you strongly agree, agree, disagree or strongly disagree with this statement.
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Strongly agree 12.37% 37
Agree 21.74% 65
Disagree 36.12% 108
Strongly disagree 26.42% 79
No reply 3.34% 10
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
The consumer and the banks
Under which of the following circumstances would it be financially beneficial to you to borrow money to buy something now and repay it with future income?
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
When you really need a 2-week vacation; 11.04% 33
When some clothes you like go on sale; 11.71% 35
When the interest on the loan is greater than the interest you get on your savings;
27.76% 83
When you need to buy a car in order to get a much better paying job.
46.49% 139
Dont know 0.00% 0
No reply 3.01% 9
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Резултати от проучването –
въпроси зададени само на българските
потребители
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Когато избирате финансова институция, кое определя избора Ви на първо място?
ResponsePercent
ResponseTotal
Препоръка от познат 35.12% 105
Репутацията на институцията
43.81% 131
Местоположението 6.69% 20
Не правя разлика 9.36% 28
Без отговор 5.02% 15
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Когато избирате финансов продукт/услуга, кое определя избора Ви на първо място?
ResponsePercent
ResponsTotal
Лихвените равнища; 36.79% 110
Условията на ползване; 32.78% 98
Размера на таксите; 13.38% 40
Не зная. 11.71% 35
Без отговор 5.35% 16
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Изводи
Главни пропуски:пенсионното и социалното осигуряване начините за инвестиране влиянието на инфлацията Данъците
Потребителите в България не са съвсем уверени при набавянето на акуратна и навременна финансова информация, която би им била от полза.
Дори и клиенти на банкови услуги не разбират добре условията по продуктите, които ползват и съответно не знаят как да се възползват от тях, така че да извлекат максимална полза.
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Съществува и известна степен на недоверие към финансовите институции, въпреки че повечето анкетирани потребители се уповават на репутацията на институциите.
Потребителите се доверяват повече на информация предадена “от уста на уста”
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
Липсата на подходящи програми и политика към повишаване грамотността на възрастните в България, като и резултатите от проучването, налагат мнението, че обучение, имащо за цел да повиши финанансовата грамотност, е нужно за българските потребители, за да могат да бъдат активни потребители, които правят информиран и интелигентен избор, който да им гарантира сигурност за тях и техните семейства.
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
TRAINING MODULES
How do markets function
Consumers and the Banks
Consumers and the State
Social Insurance - Providing for our health and pension
MoneyCare - Take care of your money!
Household budgeting
Social Insurance in Bulgaria - Providing for our health and pension
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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A
At your disposal
MARIO KAMENOVDirector
Centre for continuing and vocational trainingVUZF University
Tel.: + 359 2 4015820Fax: +359 2 4015821
Mobile: + 359 888 415144E-mail: [email protected]