Word Building

Affix and Root

Do you know these words?

outdo undo overdo incredible innumerable spoonful handful cupful mouthful

Group work------ example

找出五个含词根 value 的单词 valuable

invaluable

valueless

evaluate

devalue

Group work

1. 找出五个含词根 sign ( 表示符号 ) 的单词2. 找出五个含词根 dict ( 表示说 ) 的单词 3. peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人民，民众” 4. spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是“看，视” 5. tain 保持，握，容纳 6. port 搬运，带 7. vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看，看见” 8. circ/cycl=ring 环，圆

group 1 “sign” 符号

signature signal signify design significant significance

dict “to say, to speak”

contradict, dictate, predict, dictator, indicate, dictionary, dictum ( 格言 )

peopl, popul, publ “ 人民，民众”

public, republic, popular, people, population, publicity publish

spec, spect, spitc, spis “ 看，视”

inspect, spectator, spectacular, respect, spectacle( 光景，景象 ) prospect( 展望 ) expect suspect, aspect, special, specimen ( 样本 , 标本 )

tain,ten,tin 保持，握，容纳

contain 容纳 obtain 取得 sustain 支持 maintain

retain 保持 , 保留 , detain v. 拘留

port 搬运，带

export import portable( 可携带的 )

porter( 搬运工人 ) transport support sport

vid, vis, vey, view “ 观看，看见”

television, visible, evident, interview, survey, invisible, visual, visit, supervise, visa, video

circ/cycl=ring 环，圆

circus, circle, circulate, circuit, circumstance, cycle, recycle, bicycle, tricycle

Word Root

ann ( 也作 enn) =year

audi=hear,

cogn=know

dent=tooth

lingu= language

liter=letter

mot=move

anniversary, annual, millennium

recognize, cognition, congnitive

audience, auditorium, audible

dentist, dental, indent

linguist bilingual

literate （识字的） literal ( 文字的 ) literary ( 文学的 ) illiterate literature

motion motive promote remote motor

Word Root

ori=rise

phon=sound

rupt=break

scend, scens=climb

sci=know

struct “ 建筑，构造” bio 生命，生物

orient origin

bankrupt corrupt erupt

ascend descend

symphony phonetic microphone

science conscious unconscious subconscious

structure, construct, instruct, destruction

biology antibiotic 抗生的 , 抗生素

Word Root

cent 百 ject 投，掷，抛 volv 滚动 vit,viv 生活，生存

manu, man 手

centimeter 厘米 centigrade 百分度的

eject 射出 project 投射 inject 注射

revolve 旋转 involve 卷入 evolve

vital 生命的 , 至关重要的 survive 幸存 vivid 生动的

manual manuscript manufacture manage manner

Prefix

trans- 表示“横过，贯穿”之义 transplant, transform, transaction, transfer, transparent co- 表示“联合 , 伴同”之义 ; (con-/ com-), 表示“共同 ,

联合”– cooperation, colleague, coincide, cohere, collaborate （合作） – condense, concentrate, confront, consent, consume (wholly; tak

e), – combine, consolidate, compress ( 压缩 ), commemorate (mentio

n), – com 的变形 corrupt (together; 变坏 ) 腐败， council (together; t

o summon[ 召集 ]) 会议 contra- ( 变化形 contro, counter) = against

– contradict ( 反驳否认 ), contrary, contrast, counterpart ( 相对的人或物 ) ， counteract ( 抵消，消除 ) counterclockwise （反时针的）

Prefix

de- down, downward, fully, away ( 由往下之意衍生为分离，否定，加强 )

devalue, decease (die), deceive, decay( 腐败；使腐烂 ), defect, declare( 宣告 ) ， deform （使残废） , detach

dis-,“ 分开 , 分离 , 否定 , 不” not, apart, – disease( 疾病 ) discriminate, disgust (apart; to taste; 不能品味，

厌恶 ) ， dispose (apart; to place) 处置 destruction

re-, 1 回，向后 return, retreat( 后退 ) ， recall, reflect 2. 再 重复 reproduce, renew 3 相反 resist, react, reverse, revolt, rebel, resent

( 不满 )

Prefix

en-, 1 使成某种状态 (en+adj) enlarge, endanger, enable, enroll ( 记入名册中 )

in- 1. 不 incapable, incomplete, inhuman,

2 ． 内 inside, inject, indoor over- 1 过度 overcharge overdrink overwork

2 越过 overbridge 天桥 overseas

overlook 俯视

Prefix

a- 表示 in, on, at by, with, to, of 等 asleep, aside, ahead, ashore

ab- 离去，相反，不 abuse, abnormal anti- 反对 antiwar antismoking anti-aging auto- 自己，自动 autobiography bi/ di - bilingual biplane 双翼飞机 dioxide ex- 1. 出，外 export exclude, expose, exit

2. 前任的 ex-wife ex-president extra- 超 extraordinary extracurriculum fore- 前 foretell forehead foresee foreground

Prefix

mal maltreat malfunction mono- monoxide monologue non- nonsmoker nonstop out- outdo outlive outgrow outnumber sub- subway suburb submarine subtropi

cal super- supersonic superpower sym-/syn- 共同，相同 sympathy synony

m symphony synthesis

Suffix 副词后缀

1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply

2)-ward, -wards,

downward, inwards, upward afterwards backwards

3)-ways, always, sideways anyway someway

4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise likewise

5 ） -s besides, sometimes

Suffix 动词后缀

1)-ize, ise, 表示 " 做成，变成，……化“ utilize specialize symbolize, organize, specialize

2)-en, 表示 " 使成为，引起，使有” weaken, soften, harden fasten sharpen threaten strengthen

3)-fy, 表示 " 使……化 , 使成” beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify identify justify

4)-ish, 表示 " 使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish

5)-ate, 表示“成为……，处理，作用” separate, operate, indicate isolate originate

小知识：词汇的高级与低级

长寿 long life       longevity (latin) 银河 milky way       galaxy (latin) 东方的 east    oriental 太阳 sun solar 月亮 moon lunar 热 heat thermal 药 medicine pharmacy

Assignments

Vocabulary Book Lesson 46-50 Text A of Unit 4 in Book 2