Vietnamese the Orgin and the Process
Transcript of Vietnamese the Orgin and the Process
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Ting Vit: ngun gc v din bin Ngi trnh by: Hong Dng
Nhng nm 90 ca th k trc, trung quc cho rng ting vit l mt phng ng hn.
1. Nhng tranh lun chung quanh ngun gc ting Vit
ng cha khng lu tr nhiu v ngun gc ca ting. 18/1/1615, 3 v tha sai vo Nng truyn gio.
H phi s dng ngn ng. 1681, ting Vit ra i. Nhng ci quan tm ca h l ng m, ng php.
Hai ngn ng c cng ngn ng khi cng xut pht t 1 ngn ng tin thn. Jean-Louis Taberd 1838 cho
ting vit l 1 phng ng ca ting hn. James Richardson Logan 1856 cho ting vit thuc ngn ng
Mon-annam. (sau ny gi l Mon=Khome, c ti 150 ting). Henri Maspero 1912 cho ting vit thuc
ngn ng Thi (Thi l ngn ng bao gm t pha Nam trung quc n thi lan, lo, thi lan, v mt vi
ngi dn tc min bc ni theo ting ny).
Lp lun Henri Maspero: ting vit ko c tin t, trung t nh ting thi, khc vi kho me. Ting vit c
thanh iu, khc vi mon-khome v ging thi. Ting vit c nhiu t vng c bn gc thi, d cng c
t vng c bn gc mon-khome.
Phn bin Henri Maspero: ko th cn c hnh thi hc v ng php kt lun v ngun gc ngn ng.
ting vit, thi, hn l ngn ng n lp, ko cng gc. thanh iu v ng m hc ko phi l du ch cho
mi quan h ci ngun. andre haudricourt l ngi phn bin maspero, khng nh nguon gc Nam
ca ting VIt da trn ng m v t vng.
C th d dng tm thy s tng ng t vng gia ting vit v ting Thi (thi, lo, Ty). Tuy nhien s
tng ng ch cho thy wan h ci ngun ca cc hnh thi t ch khng chng miunh c hai
ngn ng cng ngun gc.
TiNG Vit c rt nhiu t cng gc ci ting PHp (c ngn t), gi l t vay muon ch khong phi
do k tha t mt ngn ng chung.
xc nh ngun gc 1 ngn ng, cn phi da vo VN T C BN (t c bn cng c th thay i
theo time, nhng s thay i chm v kh khn) (nhng t khng th khng co trong ngn ng. V d
cc t ch s m, ch b phn c th, ch hin tng t nhin, ch ng thc vt: u, mt, tai, mt,
hai, nhng t khong phi: vua, sui,)
Ta thy cc t ch b phn, s m, hin tng t nhin, ch ng thc vt, u c ngun gc l Mon-
Khomer. Kt lun c rng vn t c bn ca ting Vit c gc t Mon-Khome
Cn ch : Vic xc nh hai t cng gc khng phi da vo s ging nahu gia hai hnh thi, m phi
da vo s tng ng ng m u n.
2. Nhng kt lun hin nay v ngun gc ting Vit. Cc giai on pht trin ca TV
Gii khoa hc nht tr khng nh: ting vit thuc nhnh mon-khome, h nam .
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- Munda l mt nhnh thng tr banlades v mt phn n .
_Mon0Khome l nhnh ln hn gp nhiu ln, gm 2 ngn ng c cuong8 v quc gia l ting Vit v
Khome, v nhiiiiu2 ngn ng Campuchia, VN< Mine Dien, Lao, Nam Trung Quoc
Ting Vit thuc 1 tiu chi MonKhome, gi l Vietic. Vietic tch t 1 nhnh ca ng Mon-khome.
(H Nam gm nhnh Munda v Monkhome
Monkhome chia ra nhnh nh ng Nam Bc. )
Tnh ton theo phng php ng thi hc ca Morris Swadesh, th thi gian chia tch r l nh sau:
4000 nm trc, Viettic tch ra khi khi VIt Kata
2000-2500 nm trc, Phng Cht v Viet Mng tch khi nhm Viettic
Vit thnh mt ngn ng c lp cch y chng 1200 nm.
Cc giai on ca ting Vit t khi tch thnh mt ngn ng c lp: Trong 12 th k ciha lm 6 giai
on
3. NH HNG CA TING HN TI TING VIT
Qua hn 200 nm tip xc, ting Hn nh hng mnh me n ting Vit
+ V ng m: s tip xc khin ting Vit bien16 i t ngon ng khng thanh iu sang c thanh iu.
Do nh hng ny, cc t song tit ting Vit b gin lc thnh n tit
+V t vng: Ting Vit c bn lp t gc Hn.
C hn Vit (vay mn trc i ng), Hn Vit (vay mn vo i ng), Hn VIt Vit ho (vay
mn sau i ng), Hn vit hin i (vay mn 1 phng ng Hn hin nay)
+V ng php: c 2 hin tng ni bt:
Ngun gc Hn ca mt s t chc nng ca TV
Cu trc danh ng Hn Vit v co8 ch sn sinh t ng mi: Danh ng Hn Vit c cu trc Ph + Chnh
(bch M), khc vi danh ng thun Vit Chnh + Ph (NGA bch). Tuy nhin s pht trin ca ting
Vit hin i cho thy c s tn ti song hnh c hai loi kt cu thun Vit + Hn Vit v Hn Vit.