The Future of Software Engineering 中国科学技术大学软件学院 孟宁 2010 年 12 月.
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Transcript of The Future of Software Engineering 中国科学技术大学软件学院 孟宁 2010 年 12 月.
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The Future of Software Engineering
中国科学技术大学软件学院孟宁
2010年 12月
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Contents
14.1 How have we done?
14.2 Technology transfer
14.3 Decision making in software engineering
14.4 The professionalization of software engineering: licensing, certification and ethics
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Chapter 14 Objectives
♦ The Wasserman principles and how we have done
♦ Technology transfer
♦ How researchers provide evidence for technology adoption
♦ Decision making in software engineering
♦ Next step in research and practice
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14.1 How Have We Done?
♦ Use complex languages
♦ Use patterns and abstractions
♦ Apply formal methods
♦ Build a vast array of tools
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14.1 How Have We Done?Challenges Ahead
♦ Provide great accuracy in the large: we can tell– when a space vehicle will reach Mars– when a chemical reaction will reach a critical
stage♦ Do not have accuracy in small: we cannot
tell– precisely when a software product will fail
again– exactly how a user will exercise system’s
function
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14.1 How Have We Done?Wasserman’s Steps to Maturity
♦ Abstraction♦ Analysis and design notations♦ User interface prototyping♦ Software architecture♦ Software process♦ Reuse♦ Measurement♦ Tools and integrated environments
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14.1 How Have We Done?What Now?
♦ Should consider how well we move the new software engineering ideas into practice
♦ Must consider how well our research and practice support decision making about processes, resources, and products
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14.2 Technology Transfer
♦ Producers: create and use new technologies
♦ Consumers: adopt and use new technologies in new products and services
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14.2 Technology TransferHow We Make Technology Transfer Decision Now
♦ In the 1960s and 1970s, it took an average of 7.5 years for new technology to become widely available
♦ Because of time-to-market pressure, new technologies must prove themselves quickly
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14.2 Technology TransferAdopter Types
♦ Innovators♦ Early adopters♦ Early majority♦ Late majority♦ Laggards
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14.2 Technology TransferEvidence Supporting Technology Decisions
♦ Researchers: reproducible validation methods – theoretical proof, static analysis, and
simulation
♦ Practitioners: methods relevant to their environment– case studies, field studies, and replicated
controlled experiments
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14.2 Technology TransferTypes of Evidence and Their Audiences
What will you do for your new technology?
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14.3 Decision-Making in Software Engineering
♦ Two points of view of decision-making– Descriptive描述性的 : provides evidence abo
ut how decisions are actually made– Prescriptive说明性的 : provides frameworks a
nd methods to help decision-makers
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14.3 Decision-Making in Software EngineeringRoots of Decision Science
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14.3 Decision-Making in Software EngineeringElements that Affect How We Make Decision
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14.3 Decision-Making in Software EngineeringIssues in Group Decision-Making
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14.3 Decision-Making in Software EngineeringTypes of Decision
♦ Strategic decision: affects the well being and nature of the organization
♦ Tactical decision: affects pricing, employee assignment, customer interaction, or operations
♦ Routine decision: repetitive in nature, local in scope, and guided by organizational rules or policies
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14.3 Decision-Making in Software EngineeringHow We Really Decide
♦ Bias Caused by Decision Context 背景偏见♦ stereotype threat 刻板印象威胁♦ status quo bias现状偏见♦ Individuals exhibit a marked preference for case-
specific,or singular information个体对特定情况和单一信息由明显偏好
♦ 一个因素出现的越久远,回忆者降低其重要性的倾向就越高
♦ Anchoring-and-adjustment锚定和调整♦ 不愿表现的消极
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14.3 Decision-Making in Software EngineeringExample Used in Assessing Group Effects
Condition Error rate
Subject is alone 1%
With one person who says A 3%
With two people who say A 13%
With three people who say A 33%
With six who say A and one who say B 6%
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14.4 The Professionalization of Software Engineering:
Licensing, Certification and Ethics
♦ Improve software engineering education
♦ Licensing or certification to improve process and product
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谢谢大家!
References软件工程 - 理论与实践(第四版 影印版) Software Engineering: Theory and Practice (Fourth Edition),Shari Lawrence Pfleeger,Joanne M. Atlee ,高等教育出版社软件工程 - 理论与实践(第四版) Software Engineering: Theory and Practice (Fourth Edition),Shari Lawrence Pfleeger,Joanne M. Atlee, 杨卫东译 , 人民邮电出版社软件工程—实践者的研究方法( Software Engineering-A Practitioner’s Approach ) ; ( 美 ) Roger S. Pressman 著; 机械工业出版社 ISBN : 7-111-07282-0http://code.google.com/p/advancedsoftwareengineering/