THE ASCENT OF THE JAPANESE EMPIRE

Steadily Gaining Territory

First Sino-Japanese War 1894-5 Treaty of Shimonoseki

The Liaodong Peninsula and the island of Taiwan was gained by Taiwan

Russo-Japanese War 1904-5 Treaty of Portmouth

Japan gains the southern half of the Sakhalin usland and mineral rights in Manchuria

Occupation of Korean 1910-1945 Begins in 1910 March 1st Movement (1919) Much harsher occupation after that

Meanwhile in China… 1800s

The Opium Wars Open Door Policy The Boxer Rebellion

The Republic of China Formed in Nanjing March 12, 1912

Sun Yat-sen is President, Yuan Shikai quickly replaced him, but not a smooth transition

May Fourth Movement, 1919 Civil War Develops

Kuomintang Party (Nationalist) – Sun Yat-sen (dies from cancer in 1925), then Chiang Kai-shek

Communist Party – Mao Zedong (Tse-tung) Most famous event occurs when the Nationalists

chase the Communists on the Long March and the Communists retreat and establish a base in a Northwestern section of China

Japan Invades China

The Manchurian Incident – September 1931 Japanese railway is attacked, Japanese claim Chinese

dissidents are to blame, use it as an excuse to invade Japanese invade Manchuria, name it Manchukuo 1933 – Japanese attack the Great Wall region July 7, 1937 - full scale invasion of China

Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanjung all fall Rape of Nanjing

China will be on the allies side in WW II Japanese will surrender their Chinese holdings in

1945, once they surrender to the US

The Rape of Nanking Death toll: at least

300.000 More than 190,000

civilians and Chinese soldiers killed with machine guns

150,000 were killed in other barbaric fashions Contest between two

soldiers to see who could kill 100 people with a sword

Japanese soldiers were later prosecuted and sentenced to death in 1947

Japan’s Empire at the Eve of World War II