Tai Lieu TTQ GD CH Khoa 8 (Slide)

7/29/2019 Tai Lieu TTQ GD CH Khoa 8 (Slide)

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Hc vin Cng ngh BCVTTi liu ging dy cao hc kho 8

NI DUNG MN HC THNG TIN QUANG

Phn 1:Cc khi nim c bn trong k thut thng tin quangGing vin: Hong Vn V -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT

Phn 2:Cc phn t c bn trong k thut thng tin quang

Ging vin: Hong Vn V -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT

Phn 3:C s k thut thng tin quangGing vin: Hong Vn V -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT

Phn 4:Mt s cng ngh thng tin quang tin tin

Ging vin: V Tun Lm -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT

Phn 5:H thng thng tin quangGing vin: V Tun Lm -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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NI DUNG MN HC THNG TIN QUANG

Phn 1:Cc khi nim c bn trong k thut thng tin quangGing vin: Hong Vn V -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT

Phn 2:Cc phn t c bn trong k thut thng tin quang

Ging vin: Hong Vn V -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT

Phn 3:C s k thut thng tin quangGing vin: Hong Vn V -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT

Phn 4:Mt s cng ngh thng tin quang tin tin

Ging vin: V Tun Lm -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT

Phn 5:H thng thng tin quangGing vin: V Tun Lm -Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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NI DUNG CHNG TRNH HC

I. CC CNG NGH MI TRONG THNG TIN QUANG

1. K thut khuch i quang

2. K thut ghp knh quang3. K thut Coherent

4. K thut truyn dn Soliton

5. Cc hiu ng phi tuyn

6. Cc thit b v thnh phn quang t hp7. Xu hng mng quang th h sau


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TI LIU THAM KHO


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TI LIU THAM KHO


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K THUT KHUCH I QUANG

Gin nng lng ca Erbium

Mc kch thch

Mc siu bn

Tn hiu ti Tn hiu ckhuch i

Signal photon

Mc c bn

Bm nnglng=980nm

phn r khngbc x


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bmbm

E2 E2

E3 E3

E4

E1E1

b)a)

Phn rPhn r

Phn r

C ch bc x 3 mc v 4 mc


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Ph hp th ca si quang thng thng v si quang Erbium

2,0

1,0

0,2

0,1

2,0

1,0

0,2

0,10,9 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7

bc sng (m)

0,89m1,53-1,56m1,48m

Suyhaos

ithng(dB/km)

hpthkhuch

isiErbium(dB/km)


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Cc b khuch i quang si pha tp ErbiumH s hp th v pht x ph ca Ge:SiO2 EDFA l mt hm phu thuc di si pha tp

1.46 1.48 1.5 1.52 1.54 1.56 1.580

2

4

6

8

10

12

avelength (um)

Absorption/ GainCoefficient(dB/m)

Gain and Absorption Coefficient Spectral Profile of Ge:SiO2 EDFA

Absorption

Gain

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

EDFA Small-Signal-Gain vs Pump-Power for Fiber Lengths at 1.55um Signal & 1.48um Pump

Normalised Input Pump Power Pp/Ppth

Gain

(dB)

L = 8m7m

6m5m4m3m2m1m


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S cu trc mt modul EDFA

Input

CouplerB cch ly

WDM

B cch ly

Laser bm

Output

EDFA

bm

Tn hiu

Cngsut


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ng dng ca khuch i quang:

Khuch i bcho b chia

B chia

Khuch i u ra

Tx

Khuch i ng truyn

Tin khuch i

Rx

Rx

Rx


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Module khuch i quang


Cc b khuch i quang si pha tp Erbium

Cc si quang c bit c phatp cc ion Erbium c di

khong vi chc mt

Ngun Laser bm bcsong ngn hn

Cc tn hiu uvo knh DWDM

cn khuch i

Si quang

Mi hn

Bm Tn hiu nh sngc khuch i


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Cc b khuch i EDFA hai chiu hin nay c thng mi ho

MOR (Midspan optical repeater - Trm lp quang)

Khuch i hai chiu 16 bc sng (c th t 128 hoc 256vi tc Tb/s)

Gii bc sng 1528-1561 nm (bng v xanh)

MOR Plus (MOR ci tin)

Khuch i hai chiu 32 bc sng

Gii bc sng 1528-1561 nm (bng v xanh

per band access (PBA) and mid-stage access (MSA)

RED IN/BLUE OUT

RED OUT/BLUE IN

MSApre MSApost

OUT

OUT

IN

IN

COM


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Hiu ng RAMAN

Giao ng phn t --> Cng hng wv Thay i chit sut -> Stokes & Anti-stokes

Raman kch thch khi trng Stokes giao ng

wvwp

StokesCc giao ng phn t l thay i chit sut Trng Stokes y mnh giao ng phn t

w=w - w p swp

w=w + wa p

w=w - ws p

wp

ws

Anti-Stokes


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Kt hp khuch i RAMAN nh phn m rng ca khuch i EDFA

Blue RFA

Red RFA

E-band EDFA

C-band EDFA

PumpArray

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540Wavelength in nm

Ga

inindB

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1580 1600 1620 1640 1660 1680 1700Wavelength (nm)

Ga

in(dB)

H i C h BCVT


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Cc c tnh ca khuch i quang

chnh lch khuch i

dc khuch i

Mt n v d phng cng sut

Khuch i pht x t pht (ASE) v h s nhiu (NF)

FEC (Forward Error Correction CodingM sa li trc)

thit thi ca h thng

gn, dc v khuch i pht x t pht tch lu mi b khichi s lm thay i rng ca cng sut gi cc bc sng.

Nh vy u thu s phi gii quyt nhiu vn do tn hiu nhn cc cng sut khc nhau.

Vic cn bng thng qua iu chnh ngun pht cho mi bc sng khi tn hiu n cui ng truyn tng ng v mt cng sut

H i C h BCVT


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chnh lchkhuchi B khuch i l tng phi c

khuch i nhu nhau i vittc cc bc sng.

Trong thc t cho thy cc bcsng khc nhau c cc khuci khc nhau.

chnh lchkhuchi l ctnh cho trng hp xu nhtchnh lch vi khuch iphng cho thitk DFG.

Khuch i quang ca mt hthng c c trng bi h sgc chnh lchkhuchi.

dckhuching dc khuch i ng l t l

thay icabc sng btkivi khuchica cc bcsng, cho thykhuchicamt knh trc tip nh hngn cc knh khc

H i C h BCVT


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Mtn cng sut Cho thyu ra lnnht c thvimtdu vo cho trc

Optical Amplifier Power Mask

Blue Band

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

-36 -26 -16 -6 4

Total Input Power (dBm)

TotalOutputPowerdBm)

H i C h BCVT


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Nhiu khuch i pht x t pht (ASE) ASE l nhiu quan trng nht nh hng n thit k ng truyn

Trong qu trnh khuch i, cc in t thay i trng thi nng lng vpht ra photon.

Cc photon ny b xung nng lng vo cc bc sng tn hiu

Cc photon cng pht x t pht vo cc bc sng khng mang tn hiu Chng c to ra v khuch i thng qua cc b khuch i

ASE lm tng hiu ng MI dn n nhng kt qu bt li

Trong h thng:

ASE tng ng vi h s khuch i

ASE tng ng vi nhiu in t sau khi thu tn hiu c tnh ca ASE c xc nh bi dc khuch i, chnh lch

khuch i v h s nhiu nh l mt bc sng tn hiu.

ASE tch lu lm gim OSNR mi b khuch ic ngha l chng gii hns cc b khuch i trn tuyn

H i C h BCVT


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K THUT GHP BC SNG QUANG

H i C h BCVT


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Nguyn l k thut ghp bc sng quang

(a) H thng ghp bc sng theo mt hng(b) H thng ghp bc sng theo hai hng.

1,2,.......nMUX

DMUX

Tx1

Tx2

Rx1

Rxn

Rx2

Txn

(a)

1,2,......n

1,2,......n

MUX/DMUX

MUX/DMUX

Tx1

Tx2

Rx1

Rxn

Rx2

Txn

TxnRxn

(b)

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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Thit b WDM

Tch ccTh ng

Cc ngun phtquang v cc b tch

sng quang nhiubc sng

Ghp siThit b vi quang

Cc thit bkhc

Thit b quangt hp

Phn tn gc

Phn ccGiao thoaPhi tuyn

Thit b c b lc

Cch tPhn tn vt liu

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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n

11,...., n

Cch t

S dng cch t tch bc sng

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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1

n

1,....,n

1,....,n

2,....,n 1

B lcgiao thoa

Thit b phntn gc

Nguyn l hot ng ca thit b WDM vi cu trc:B lc giao thoa v phn tn gc

:::::

:::::

1,...., n

b lc 1

2

1

43

:::::

:::::

Cu trc c bn mt b gii ghp giao thoa nhiu knh

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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Mt b gii ghp giao thoa nhiu knh trn thc t

21,...., 5

1

4

53

B lc

Si quang

Lng knh Grin

Khi trongsut

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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a) s dng cch t kt hp vi thu knh tch/ghp bc songb) Kt hp b lc vi thu knh tch/ghp bc sng

1

1,22

1

12

2

Cch tLng knh chun trc

a) Lng knh Grin

Cch t

b)

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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Cc tham s c bn Suy hao xen: lng tn hao cng sut trn tuyn truyn dn quang

Li=-10logO(i)/Ii(i) (i vi b MUX)

Li=-10logOi(i)/I(i) (i vi b DeMUX)

Xuyn m: do d tn hiu t knh ny sang knh kia

Do c tnh b lc khng hon thin

Do ph ca ngun pht chng ln ln nhau

Do phn x hay hi t

Do hiu ng phi tuyn

rng ph ca knh: Gii bc sng dnh cho mi knh

DEMUXSi quang

I(i).......I(k)

Oi(i)+ Ui(k)Si quang

I(i).......I(k)

O(j)

j

k

Ij(j)

Oi(i)+ Ui(k)+ Ui(j)

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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CC PHN T MNG QUANG WDM

Ngun quang B ghp knh quang

Si quang

B tch knh quang

B u cho knh quang

B ghp knh xen r quang

Nt chuyn mch quang

B chuyn i bc sng

Khuch i quang

B cn bng khch i quang Khuch i bng rng

nh tuyn quang

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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CC PHN T MNG QUANG WDM

SI QUANGTN SC DC NG TN SCHIU NG PHI TUYN

Mux/DemuxB LC QUANG HPCHYUN I BC SNGMO DO LC QUANG

KHUCH I QUANGGII HN BNG TN (C-, L-)SUY BIN NF KHI CNGXUT U VO CAO

NN PHPHI HP IU CHBWTN SC SI

LC QUANGAWGB LC A LP

Equalisation

Double stage EDFA

ROA, EDFA+ROA

IU KHIN V GIM ST A BC SNGTHAM CHIU CHNH XC BC SNG

B TN SC QUN L V SP XP DMPolarisation Division Mux (Odd/Even channels)

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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K THUT THNG TIN QUANG COHERENT

Xut x: H thng ang s dng hin nay l iu bin cng tch trc tip

E(t)=Eoei(w(t)+)

Nng cao nhy thu

-40

-60

102 104-80

103

Thu trc tip

Thu Coherent

Tc ng truyn (Mbit/s)

nhy thu (dBm)

Thu trc tip

Thu Coherent

400

300

200

100

1010,10,01

Khong lp (km)

Tc ng truyn (Gbit/s)

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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Bn cht nh sng: bin , tn s, pha, phn cc

Laser: pha kt hp

Cohernet: phn cc c ch

La chn knh pha thu

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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S khi ca h thng thng tin quang Coherent

Tn hiu ra

Giiiu

Daongni

iuchngoi

LASERDIODE

Lcvng

AFC

Trnquang

iukhin

~

~~

Tn hiu vo

Siquang

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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IU CH

Lc v giiiu ch

LaserwS

Laser dao ng

ni (wLO)

Ngun pht

(ASK,PSK)B trn

Khuch i

Photodiode

FSK

Thu coherent

Tn hiu IF (wS - wLO)

S nguyn l hot ng ca h thng thng tin quang Coherent

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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iu ch trc tipTrng in t tn hiu truyn i c dng sng phng

Dng in tch trc tip:

Sau khi b lc b tch sng:

I E E A t D D S S S S S

= = + +* [ cos( )]1

21 2 22 w

I EsE

sAsDD = =

* 1

2

2

E As s s st t= +cos ( )w

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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iu ch CoherentTrng dao ng ni c dng:

ICoh (t)= =

Trong : (t)= s(t)- LO(t): lch pha gia tn hiu v dao ng ni

E A t tLO LO LO LO= +cos ( )w

E ES LO+2 1

2

1

2

2 2A A A A t t ts LO s LO s LO+ + - +cos[( ) ( )]cos ( )w w

cos ( ) tE E

EsE

s

LO

LO

=

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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iu ch Coherent (tip)

lch phn cc gia tn hiu v dao ng ni

Do P(t) I, P(t): cng sut quang

wIF= wSwLO Trung tn ~ vi trm Megahez vi PLO >> PS

P t P P P P t t ts s sLO LO LO( ) cos ( ) cos ( )= + + - +2 w w

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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So snh thu trctip v thu Coherentuimchyuca thu Coherent (tch sngitn) so vithu trc

tip l tngnhyca my thu. C haiyutdnnuimny l:

Ci thin c t s tn hiu/nhiu (S/N) u ra ca b tin

khuchi do itn. trong trnghp l tng, S/N c dng Nng cao cuimvn c trong l thuyt thng tin khi s

dngkthutiuch v giiiuch .

Trong trnghp l tng, (S/N) c dng

(S/N) ltng

(S/N) trong trnghp tch trctipsdng APD l:

(S/N) DD

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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c C g g CTi liu ging dy cao hc kho 8


u im thng tin quang Coherent Tng nhy thu

Tng bin

Gim tn s

Tch tn hiu theo mun ti pha thu

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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g g Ti liu ging dy cao hc kho 8

HIN TNG TN SC

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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CC HIU NG PHI TUYN

I. L THUYT C BN V QUANG HC PHI TUYN

II. QUANG SI PHI TUYN

Hiu ng Raman

Hiu ng Brillouin

Hiu ng t iu ch pha SPM

Hiu ng iu ch pha cho XPM

Hiu ng trn bn bc song

III. NH HNG CA HIU NG PHI TUYN N CHT LNG

TRUYN DN CC H THNG THNG TIN QUANG V CC NG

DNG

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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CC HIU NG PHI TUYN

Ngoi c tnh suy hao, tn sc; phi tuyncng l mtc tnh cbncasi quang. Tuy nhin tnh phi tuyn ca si quang ch th hin khi cng

sut tn hiu trong si quang ln v s lm thay ihotngcah

thngnh xuyn m gia cc knh, suy gimmc cng sut tn hiuca

cc knh dnn suy gimts S/N.Phn ng ca cc in t lin kt i vi mt trng quang mnh l

nguyn nhn cahiung Kerr, hocchitsutph thuc vo cng

nh sng ti, trong khi s c mtca cc trng thi dao ngca mi

trng(hoc phonon) s gy ra cc hintng tn x Raman v Brillouin.

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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CC HIU NG PHI TUYN

Thng thng cc hiu ng phi tuyn c quan tm ti mttrong ba quan im:

Thnht, trnh cc hiung phi tuynhoc lm cho chng cng nh cng tt.

iu ny thccht l cithin cc iukin sao cho cng sutt gi trlnnht c

thc, cng vi n l gim S/N v lm cho dung lnghthnglnnht.

Quan imth hai, hin nay nhncnhius ch l lidnghiung phi

tuyncithinc tnh truyndncasi quang. Chnghnnhsdng b tn

sc phi tuyn,khuchi tn hiu v hthngtruyndn soliton.

Mt quan imth ba, angrtc quan tm l cchhotngx l tn hiuquang, trong cc hiung phi tuynmnhc ch sdng cho vicmt tn

hiu nh sng iukhinmt knh dliu khc.

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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CC HIU NG PHI TUYN

mc cng sut thp,vct phn cc ca vt liu in mi c mi quan hvivectorcngintrng E sao cho:

P=e0cETronge0 l hngsin mica chn khng, e0cl hs phn ccca mi

trng. Cngthctrn chngkhitrngtcdngnh so vitrnglin kt

mtintv mtnguyn t.

trng quang mnh c mcnnglng cao hn,trng tc dng gy ra cc hot

ng phi iu ho ca cc int lin ktdnnmi quan h phi tuyngia vector

phn cc v trng tc dng. c thhinbng cng thc qua cc shng

cmin cao hn.P=e0(c (1)E+c (2)EE+c(3)EEE+...)

Trongc(2)E v c(3)El cchs phituyn. Chnh skhc nhau ca quang

trngtcdngto nn mtshintngquanghcphituyn

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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g gTi liu ging dy cao hc kho 8

CC HIU NG PHI TUYN

Tng tc phi tuyngia tn hiu v mi trngtruyndnsi quang silicat btuxuthin khi cng sut tn hiu quang tngtcc l di hn v tc

cao hn. Do , tc ngcasi quang phi tuynthhin r khi xem xt c

hai vn quan trng l hthng dung lng cao v ngtruyn khng blp

khong cch ln.

Tnh phi tuyn c th phn loi theo tn xca chng (tn x kch thch Brillouin

v tn x kch thch Raman) hoc cc hiung lin quan tihiung Kerr l

chitsut ph thuccng (iu ch t dch pha, iuch pha cho, tnh

khng nnhiubinhoctrnbbc sng).

Tnh adngca cc yutnhhngti tnh chtchcahiung phi tuyn,bao gmcc tnh tn scsi, vng li hiudngcasi,slng v khong

cch cc knh trong hthng, ton b di hthng khng trmlpcngnh

cng tn hiu v giitnngun pht.

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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g gTi liu ging dy cao hc kho 8

HIU NG TN X KCH THCH RAMAN (SRS)

Tn x Raman kch thch l mthiung gin bng, trong bao gmtng tcca nh sng v cc phonon quang hc. nh sng b dch tnmt khong 15

THz.

SRS c thxuthin trong chthngn knh v a knh.ivihthng

n knh hiung SRS c thnhhngnchtlnghthng th mc

cng sutngngphI >1W.ivih thng WDM th mc cng sut ny s

thphnnhiuc vi mW do c hintngkhuchiivi cc bc sng

ln, trong khi cng sutca cc knh c bc sng nhligimi. Ktqu l s

giihntng dung lnghthngda trn tngs cc knh, khong cch gia

cc knh, trung bnh cng sutu vo v di ton hthng.

Ngng SRS cho hthng p dngsi G.653 thphnmt cht so vihthng

sdng G.652. SRS hunh khng lm suy gimhthngn knh; ngcli

c th lm giihnkhnngnngcahthng WDM.

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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Ti liu ging dy cao hc kho 8

HIU NG TN X KCH THCH RAMAN (SRS)

HNCH CC NHHNGCAHIUNG RAMAN

Trong h thngn knh, c thsdng cc b lc loib cc ph khng

mong mun, l cc ph to nn cc mm cho tn x Raman c kch thch.

Cha c kthutthct no loitr SRS trong hthnga knh c chnhthc cng b tuy nhin vic tngkhong cch cc knh c th lm gim SNR.

Hiung SRS cn c thcgimbtbng cch gim cng sutu vo.

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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HIU NG TN X KCH THCH BRILLOUIN (SBS)

Trong hiu ng SBS, nh sng truyn xui b tn xbi cc phonon m hc. Tuy

nhin, chc cc nh sng tn xngc trong si quang n mode do iukin

hp pha ca cc vct sng. nh sng tn xbdchxungkhong 11 GHz

bc sng 1550 nm.

Trong cc hiu ng phi tuyn trnh by y, SBS c cng sut ngng thp

nht. Ngng SBS cho h thng trin khai si G.653 thp hn l h thng s

dngsi G.652 do si G.653 c vng hiudngnhhn.

Ngng SBS dbnhhng do ditn

v mc cng sutngun pht v cngph

thuc vo s knh.

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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HIU NG TN X KCH THCH BRILLOUIN (SBS)

Hiung SBS dn tigiihn s lng nh sng c th truyn qua si quang.Trong trnghptng qut ngng SBS cthhin.

PKA

gLtheff

eff

p B

B

= +

21

-35

-25

-15

-5

5

15

25

caerepower

m

HN CH CC NH HNG CA

HIU NG BRILLOUIN

Di tn ngun pht nh hn bng

tn Brillouin

Gim cng sut pht

Ngng tn x Brilloum kch thch vi ngun pht bng hp

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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HIU NG T IU CH PHA (SPM)

Hiung SPM thuc loihiung Kerr, tc l hiung trong chitsutca

mi trng thay i theo cng nh sng truyn theo cng thc.

N=n0 + nNL = n0 + n2E2

Trong hthngn knh, SPM sdndnmrngph tn hiudnnvic khi

thay icng quang sdnti thay i pha. Khi phbmrng do SPM, tnhiubmrnghn khi truyndc theo si khi c hiung tn sc trong vng tn

sc bnh thngcasi (v ddi vng bc sng tn scbng khng). Ngc

li trong vng tn scd thng, tn sc v hiung SPM c th b cho nhau,

dntivicph t btrirng. SPM trong cc tn hiuciuch c mc chirp

thpsdn tivic nn xung vi cc si G.652 v G.653 vi tn scdthng

nh l mt hm ca cng sut pht. Cc xung ny s lm mt tc dngca tn

sc v cho ta siutitv tn sc.

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT


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-VE CHIRP

RED SHIFT

+VE CHIRP

BLUE SHIFT

Hc vin Cng ngh BCVTTi li i d h kh 8


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Cc hthng c giihnv tn sc c ths khng chuc cc hiung do

SPM gy nn. Trong h thnga knh vikhong cch gia cc knh kh nh,

vic gin phbi SPM c thcngto nn nhiugia cc knh link.

Pha tn hiu sau khong cch L l:

dch pha phi tuync xc nh qua:

HNCH CC NHHNGCAHIUNGTIUCH PHA

Sdngsi G.653 v xpxp cc knh tn hiugn vng tn scbng khng sgimnhhngca SPM.

Vi cc h thngngnhnkhong 1000km, SPM c thdciukhin thng

qua b xung b tn sc ph hpdc theo hthngsi quang G.652.

= =

+= +

2 2 0 2nL n n I t L cons t t[( ( )]

tan ( )

( ) ( )t n LI t =2

2



52/153


HIU NG IU CH PHA CHO (XPM)

Hiung SPM c thcgimnhbng cch ti thiu cng sut quang uvo hoc hot ng bc sng trn bc sng tn sc bng khng vi si

G.655.

schitsut timtbc sng no khng chph thuc vo cngca

sng m cn ph thuc vo cng cc bc sng khc lan truyn trong

si. Trong hthnga knh, iuch pha cho (XPM) sdndn lm gin ph

tn hiu khi thay icng quang dnn thay i pha do tng tc gia knh

link. Vic gin xung do XPM lin quan ti phn bit knh, khi tn sc gy ra cc

vn tc nhm khc nhau s dn n cc xung nh hng ti tnh c lp khi

truyn trong si. Khi gin xung do XPM, tn hiub gin nhiuhn l khi truyntrong si c hiung tn sc.

Suy hao do XPM rt quan trong trong hthngsdngsi G.652, v c lin quan

tichthng G.653 v G.655. Vic gin rng do XPM c thdnnnhiugia

cc knh link trong hthnga knh.



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HIU NG IU CH PHA CHO (XPM)

HNCH CC NHHNGCAHIUNGIUCH PHA CHO

XPM c thiukhin thng qua lachnkhong cch gia cc knh sao cho ph

hp. Theo nghin cu,chc cc knh linkng gp ngk mo tn hiu do

XPM trong hthnga knh. SNR ca knh trung tm cahthng 3 knh s c xu

hngcahthngn knh nh knh phn bit tng.

Theo ,hiung XPM c thgimnh khi khong cch

gia cc knh tn hiu ph hp. Phn bitgia cc knh

100 GHz cho thy c thgimhiung XPM vi

hthng c cng sut 5mW/ knh. Penalti tn sc do

XPM c thcngiukhinc do b xung b tn

sc theo suththng.



54/153


HIU NG TRN BN BC SNG (FWM)

FWM cn cgi l trnbn photon, xuthin khi tng tc ca 2 hoc 3 sng

quang c bc sng khc nhau pht ra mt sng quang mi, bc sng mi.

Tng tc ny c thxuthingia cc tn hiu trong mththnga knh, gia

nhiu OFA ASE v mtn knh, cngnhgiamt mode chnh v cc mode ph

camtn knh.Khi ba sng c tns fi,fj, v fk (k i,j) tng tc qua tnh nhy bn intbc ba

casi quang, chng sinh ra tns sng:

fjk = fi + fj - fk

f113

f123,213

f112 f223

f132,312

f221

f231,321

f332 f331

Fr



55/153



Do vic to ra cc tnsmi l thpca cc tns tn hiu nn hiungFWM s lm gim cng sutca cc knh tn hiu trong hthng WDM. Hn

nanukhong cch gia cc knh l bng nhau th nhngtnsmic

to ra c th ri vo cc knh tn hiu, gy xuyn m gia cc knh, lm suy

gimchtlngcahthng.

S suy gim cng suts lm cho dng hnh mtca tn hiuu thu b thuhpli do s lm gimchtlng BER cahthng. V cc hthng WDM

chyu lm viccasbc sng 1550 nm v do tn sccasi quang

n mode thng thng(si G.652) ticas ny l khong 18 ps/nm.km, cn

tn sccasi tn scdchchuyn(si G.653) l 0 (< 3 ps/nm.km) nn h

thng WDM lm vic trn sin mode thng thngs t bnhhngbihiung FWM hnhthng WDM lm vic trn si tn scdchchuyn.



56/153



nhhngcahiung FWM cng lnnunhkhong cch gia cc knhtrong h thng WDM cng nh cng nh khi khong cch truyn dn v mc

cng sutcami knh ln. V vyhiung FWM shnch dung lng v c

ly truyndncahthng WDM.

Tngs cc thnh phnmicto ra c th tnh nh sau:

m = 1/2 (N3 - N2) vi Nl s knh ban u Nhvyvihthng 3 knh s thnh phnmito ra l 9, nhngvihthng

8 knh s thnh phnmito ra l 224. Mt trong nhngphng php gim

btnhhngca FWM l sdng cch ghp khng u trong cc h thng

WDM. Tuy nhin chvih thng c 3 bc sng th vicb tr cc knh cn

ngin, cn vihthng 8 bc sng tr ln th vic tnh ton b tr ccknh litr nn rtphctp.



57/153



HNCH CC NHHNGCAHIUNGTRNBBC SNG

Gimmc cng sutu vo cahthngsdngsi G.653 cng c th cho

php hotnga knh, tuy nhin c th lm hi tinhng thun li kinh t

cakhuchi quang.

khmt cch ph hp cc pht sinh qu trnh trn tn hiu,sdngsivi

tn sc cho php tithiu trong mt vng cabngtnkhuchi OFA c

nhtrc.



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HNCH CC NHHNGCAHIUNGTRNBBC SNG (tip)

Cc khong xen knh cc si tn sc khc khng vi cc khong c c tnh

tn scngclicngc quan tm nhmtkhnnglachn, khi dn

n cp s thu c tn scmngxpsbng khng. Tngt c xu hng

sdng xen kmtsi c di lnvi tn scgiihnnh v mtsi c

di ngnnhng c giihn tn scngclilncngc l bin php khquan.

Khong cch khng ugia cc knh v khong cch gia cc knh lncng

ca ra l bin php gimhiung phi tuyn v cho php pht trinh

thng WDM trong hthng G.653. Khong cch cc knh khng u nhau m

bo rng qu trnh trn tnghp t 3 hocnhiuhn 3 knh khng thay i

trctip cc bc sng knh khc.



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NG DNG CC HIU NG PHI TUYN

ng dng trong cng tc o c (OTDR)

Khuch i Raman

Truyn dn Soliton

To cc thit b cng quang, tch knh quang thng qua mi trng si

quang v bn dn

Tch knh bng hiu ng Kerr

Tch knh bng hiu ng FWM

Tch knh bng gng vng quang phi tuyn



60/153


TRUYN DN SOLITON

Truyndn Soliton da trn mthiung phi tuyn l SPM. Ta xt hin tngxy ra khi truyncc xung ccngn c mt cng sut cao

(xung soliton) trong si tn scthng. Nhvyphn chirp phi tuyn do hiung

SPM s thm vo phn chirp tuyn tnh do ngun v tn sc gy ra trn xung. Vy

xung b gin ra rt nhanh.

ivisi tn scd thng th hin tngng ch hn. Cnh ln ca xung

cngbdchv pha bc sng di do hiung SPM nhng trong vng tn scd

thng th chirp phi tuyn ny lingcvi chirp tuyn tnhdo ngun v tn sc

gy ra trong xung. Nh vy xung c hiu ng SPM b tn sc. Xung s

khng b mo dng d truynvikhong cch truyndn ln. Sau mt thi gian

truyn trong si cng sutca xung b suy hao v thphngioihn phi tuyn th

xung lib dn do nhhngca tn sc (lc nu xung dn nhanh hnhnc

trnghptruyn trong giihntuyn tnh).



61/153


TRUYN DN SOLITON

100

80

60

40

20

00 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

-1 ps/nm/km

0 ps/nm/km

+1 ps/nm/km

Khong cch truyn dn (km)

rn

gxung(ps)

S dn xung do nh hng hiu ng SPM vi trng hp tn sc thng (D0)



62/153


CC THIT B V THNH PHN QUANG T HP

Linh kin quang thpAWG (Array WaveGuide) Cch tdn sng theo hng AWG (Arrayed Waveguide Grating) cngda

trn nguyn l nhiux. Linh kin AWG bao gmmt hng cc ngdnsng cong vi chnh lch v chiu di ng dn c nh gia ccknh ln cn nhau (xem hnh 19). Cc ngdn sng cnivi cc hctiu vo v u ra. Khi nh sng vo hcu vo, n bnhiux v

truyn vo hng ngdn sng. Ti chnh lch di quang camingdn sng to ra str pha hcu ra, nimt hng cc sicghp li. Qu trnh ny dnn trong cc bc sng khc nhau c giaothoa ccinhngv tr khc nhau, tngngvi cc cngu ra.

Cch t dn sng theo hng

Hng ng dn sng

Hng cc

si



63/153



Linh kin quang thpFBT (Fussed Biconic Tapered)

Thit b FBT n gin nht c dng mt cp si quang n

mode c hn vi nhau theo chiu dc. Tn hiu nh sng

c pht trong li sixut pht ti vng c hn tmtsi

pha phisc phn bli thnh nhiu mode v khi n vtqua imgp nhau ca 2 li si. Khi cc sic tch ra th

cc mode vsi li thnh cc mode li micngsi li ra

(pha phi). Ktqu l ta s c mtb ghp hoc chia gnnh

khng gy suy hao.



64/153



Thitb OADMThitbxen/r knh quang (OADM) thchinchcnng thm vo v tchra mt knh tn hiut tn hiu WDM m khng gy ra nhiuvinhngknh khc trong si.

THITBXENRTHHTH1

O/E/O

O/E/O

1, 2...N 1, 2...N

O/E/OMUX/DEMUX

MUX

/DEM

UXO/E/O

Tch knh Xen knh



65/153



THITB

XENR

TH

H

TH

2Thitbxen/r quangthh thhaisdngnhnglinh kin quang thm vo hoctch rabcsng mongmun. Mts linh kin quanghinngcngdngch to thitbOADM l: cch tdn sng (AWG), Circulatorkthpvicch tBragg (FBG) v sdngtnggiao thoa Mach-Zehnder (MZI)

Thit b OADM da trn AWG

Trn hnh v biu din mt kiu thit b OADM da trn AWG. Bc sng l1 cxen vo lung ghp knh pha bn tri v tch ra t lung tn hiu u vo phabn phi. y l mt chc nng rt linh hot. Tuy nhin, s tn hao tn hiu i vilinh kin ny tng i ln, khong 5 dB. Nhng knh khng xen/r phi chu suy

hao n 10 dB.

1,2,3 1,2,3

1

1



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THITB

XENR

TH

H

TH

2ThitbOADMda trn Ci rcu lator v FBG

Cu hnh ny c suy hao tng i thp, khong 3 dB di vi tn hiu ghp knh.Loi thit b OADM da trn nhng linh kin quang ny ph hp cho nhng ngdng trong mng ni ht.

u vo

Circulator

FBGCngtch

Cngxen

u ra



67/153



THITBXENRTHHTH2ThitbOADMda trn MZI

Trong kiu thit b ny, ngi ta s dng mt lot cc b ghp (coupler) cy trn nn planar

tao ra cc b giao thoa Mach-Zehnder (MZI). Mt bc sng c th xen hoc tch t dng tn

hiu ghp knh m khng gy ra bt c nhiu x no cho bc sng khc.Dng tn hiu WDMchuyn qua c a qua mt ng dn sng v bc sng c la chn s tch ra hoc xen

vo t ng dn sng khc. Vic tinh chnh c thc hin nh thay i tr trong mt ng dn

sng bng cch gia nhit vt liu qua in tr nhit.

Vn ln nht ca linh kin loi ny l kch thc. hot ng hiu qu c th cn n s

lng b ghp ni vi nhau phi t 15 b tr ln.

tn hiu u vo tn hiu u ra



68/153



Hin nayngi ta phttrinthitbOADM c cc tnhnngnhtuynbcsng ngy cng li nhhotda t rn cc linhkin quangtinh vi. C hailoiOADM trongthct:

Loixen/rbcsngcnh (Fixed WADM)Loi thitbOADMxen/rbc sngcnh hay cn gi l WADMcnh thc

hinxen/r ccbcsngcnh no .

Loixen/rbcsng thayi(Reconfigurable WADM)

Loi OADM th hai l WADM c th thay i cu hnh. Chc nng xen/r bcsng c th m bo vic thm hoc tch mt s knh (bc sng) no ticng xen/r ca thit b.



69/153



Thit b OXCtndngia dunglngtruyndnca cctuyn trongmngtruyntingita sdngthitbc chcnngunicho.

Di gc phn t mng, thit b u ni cho quang (OXC) l mt phn t chuyn mchquang linh hot cho php chuyn mch tn hiu ti t mt cng u vo n mt hoc nhiucng u ra khc nhau. Di gc mng, u ni cho l mt nt chuyn mch m trngthi thay i theo h thng qun l mng ch khng theo bo hiu trong mng.

Mtschcnngca OXChin nay

Chcnngchnh ca OXCs l khnngticu hnh mngmtcch linh hotmcbcsng cho khiphcmnghocthch ngivinhngthayinhu cubngtn.

Qun lbng tn v ktni cungcpktnicho cc knh thu ring (cho ccdchvthu bcsng) v ktnica cc knh quang(h trcho tiSDH), cungcpchcnng

xen/rbcsng,.. Sp xp hiu qu bc sng (grooming bc sng) tn dng tt hn c s h tng c. Pht trin cc dch v 10Gbit/s n 40Gbit/s, em li mt chi ph thp cho mng Bo v v khi phc mng mc bc sng. nh tuyn v lin kt mc bc sng.



70/153



Thitb OXCOXC chuynmchsi (FXC)

Cc ni cho chuynmchsi (FXC) thchinchuynmchttc knh bc sng

tmtsiu vo timtsiu ra, n hotngnhmtbngusitng.Trong mtsphnmng m vicbovchngtsi l vn chnh th FXC cth l mtgii php hp l. Chng tndng tia cc cng ngh quang hin ti.Chng c th cung cp cc khnng khi phc v d phng nginnhng li

khng linh hot(nhmhtr cc dchvbc sng im-immi).

1

2

12



71/153



Thitb OXCOXC lachnbc sng (WSXC)

WSXC chuynmchmt nhm cc knh bc sng tmtsiu vo nmtsiu ra. Vmtchcnng th chng yu cugii ghp (theo tns) cc tn hiunthnh bc sng ban uca chng. Loichuynmch ny c tnh linh hot cao

hn FXC, cho php d phng cc dchvbc sng, do vy c thhtr cc dchv video phn b,hct xa vv...

WSXC cn c tnh linh hot trong vic khi phcdchv. Cc knh bc sng cthcbov ring bitnhcchbov mesh, ring hockthp.

1

2

1

2



72/153

u g g dy cao c o 8


Thitb OXCOXC trao ibc sng (WIXC)

WIXC hon ton gingnh WSXC m t trn nhng c thm khnngchuynihoc thay itns(hocbc sng) ca knh ttns ny ntns khc.ctnh ny lm gim xc sut khng cnhtuyntsiu vo nsiu ra do

scnh tranh bc sng. WIXC c tnh linh hot cao nht trong vic khi phc vd phng dchv.

12

1

2



73/153

g g y


Kin trc OXCOXC trao ibc sng (WIXC)

Kin trc chuynmch trong OXC c th thchin trn nhiu tngchuynmchkhng gian hoc lai ghp gia khng gian/bc sng.Ma trn vung NxN (a) c xy dng trn nhngkhichuynmchnhhn,slng phn t chuyn mch yu cu l N2 (thng l nhiu hn khc phcxuyn knh gia cc chuynmch, gy ra suy hao xen ln), c thmrng thnhktcuchuynmchln.Ktcuchuynmch NxN c thcto thnh t 2 tng Nx(1xN) chuynmch,lin kt qua N2 ktni quang. Gii php ny yu cumtslngphntchuynmch t hn so vigii php trc,nhnglitr nn cngknh khi N tng ln.

u ra

uvo

N/2xN/2#

1nx2n

#

mnx2n

#1mxm

#

m2nxm

#12nxn

#

m2nxn

1

r

1

r

#1

nx

#n

nx

#1

mx

#n

mx



74/153

g g y


Mts cng nghchtophntchuynmch quang angc cc nhsnxut quan tm hin nay, l:

Chuynmch quang nhit

Chuynmch tinh thlng

Chuynmchkhuchi quang bn dn (SOA) Hthngcin quang siu nh (MOEMS)



75/153

g g y

II. H THNG THNG TIN QUANG

1. H thng thng tin quang SDH

2. H thng thng tin quang s dng k thut khuch i quang v

ghp bc sng

3. H thng thng tin quang bin

4. Mng truyn ti quang th h sau (NGN)

5. H thng thng tin quang ni ht

6. Thit k cc h thng thng tin quang

NI DUNG CHNG TRNH HC



76/153

g g y

H THNG THNG TIN QUANG SDH

1. Phn loi cc giao din quang

ng dng Phmvi hp

Phm vi rng

C l ngn C l di

Bc sng danh nh(nm)

1310 1310 1550 1310 1550

Loi si G.652 G.652 G.652 G.652 G.652&G.654 G.653

Khong cch (km) 2 ~ 5 ~ 40 ~ 80

STM STM-1 I-1 S-1.1 S-1.2 L-1.1 L-1.2 L-1.3

STM-4 I-4 S-4.1 S-4.2 L-4.1 L-4.2 L-4.3

STM-16 I-16 S-16.1 S-16.2 L-16.1 L-16.2 L-16.3



77/153

g g y




78/153

g g y


2. Cc giao din quang STM-1, STM-4, STM-16.



79/153





80/153





81/153


3. Cc tham s giao din quang1. Khi pht quang

Loi ngun pht: LED, MML, SLM

Ph ngun pht

Cng sut pht

T l phn bit

Mt n hnh mt2. ng truyn quang

Suy hao

Tn sc

Phn x

3. Khi thu quang

nhy thu

nhy thu qu ti

Gii ng nhy thu

Phn x

thit thi ng quang



82/153

CU HNH H THNG WDM

m bo kh nng phi hp hot ng trn ngi ta phi a ra cc khinim, nguyn tc v ch tiu c th cho tng hot ng ca cc phn tmng. Tp hp nhng thng s ny to nn tiu chun cho h thng.

Cu hnh chun nh ngha giao din quang ca h thng a knh

Cu hnh chun ca h thng WDM c xy dng trn cu hnh h thngSDH a knh quang im - im.

Tx1

Tx2

TxN

OM/

OAOA

Rx1

Rx2

RxN

OA/

ODM P I-S

R' S'M P I-R

f2

f1

f

S 1

S 2

S n

R M1

R M2

R

Mn

R 1

S D2

S Dn

SD1

R n

R 2

n



83/153

VN TIU CHUN HO CHO WDM

Cc cng u vo/ra c ch tiu giao din ng vi khuyn nghG.957/G.961/G.981 ca thit b SDH ph hp vi ch tiu cho cngu vo/ra ca thit b WDM. Gii php ny kinh t hn nhiu so vigii php tch hp chc nng chuyn i trong thit b WDM.

Kt ni gia phn t SDM v phn t WDM

SDH NE Transponder ONE

G.703

G.957

G.691

G.981

G.?

SDH Network Optical Network

SDH NETransponder

G.703

G.957

G.691

G.981

G.?

SDH Network



84/153

VN TIU CHUN HO CHO WDM

Cc tiu chun ang c tip tc nghin cu cho cc hthng WDM hng ti mng quang Tiu chun G.692 ch c ng dng cho cc tuyn im - im.

hng ti mng quang cn phi c nhng tiu chun khc bao trmlnh vc mng quang. ITU-T a ra mt khung tiu chun cho vn chun ho mng quang.

G.onf- Khung cho mng quang G.otn- Kin trc mng quang

G.oef- Chc nng thit b

G.oni- M hnh thng tin

G.onm- Cc kha cnh qun l

G.ons- nh dng khung

G.onp- Lp vt l

G.onc- Cc phn t



85/153

H THNG THNG TIN QUANGS DNG KHUCH I QUANG V GHP BC SNG

1. Phn loi giao din quang1. H thng khng khuch i

2. H thng c khuch i

ng dng Khong cch ln(ti 80 km)

Khong cch rtln

(ti 120 km)

Khong cch ccln

(ti 160 km)

H thng 4 knh 4L-y.z 4V-y.z 4U-y.z



y = 4 hoc 16z = 2, 3 hoc 5

ng dng Khong cch ln

(mi on lp ti 80 km)

Khong cch rt ln

(mi on lp ti 120 km)

H thng 4 knh 4L5-y.z 4L8-y.z 4V3-y.z 4V5-y.z



y = 4 hoc 16z = 2, 3 hoc 5



86/153


2. Cc tham s giao din quang

1. Khi pht quang tng bc sng

Loi ngun pht

Ph ngun pht

Cng sut pht

T l phn bit Mt n hnh mt

Tn s tm

Khong cch gia cc knh

Sai lch tn s tm

2. ng truyn quang Suy hao

Tn sc

Phn x



87/153


2. Cc tham s giao din quang (tip)

3. Cc tham s b khuch i quang ng truyn

Bin thin khuch i a knh

dc khuch i a knh

Phn bit thay i khuch i a knh Cng sut nhn v pht ti a

Nhiu t pht

4. Khi thu quang

nhy thu

nhy thu qu ti Gii ng nhy thu

Phn x

thit thi ng quang

Gii bc sng thu



88/153




89/153




90/153


NORTEL Confidential NORTHERN TELECOMNORTHERN TELECOM

100 GHz Wavelength Plan100100 GHzGHz Wavelength PlanWavelength Plan

196.

1

1528.

77

195.

9

1530.

33

195.

7

1531.

90

195.

5

1533.

47

195.

1

1536.

61

194.

9

1538.

19

194.

7

1539.

77

194.

5

1541.

30

194.

3

1542.

90

194.

1

1544.

50

193.

9

1546.

10

193.

7

1547.

72

193.

5

1549.

32

193.

3

1550.

92

193.

1

1552.

52

192.

9

1554.

13

192.

7

1555.

75

192.

5

1557.

36

192.

3

1558.

98

192.

1

1560.

60

195.

3

1535.

04

ITU-T G.mcs

wavelength

grid

8-8-DenseDense

WDMWDM

PlanPlan

N-DSFN-DSF

&&

NZ-DSFNZ-DSF

16-16-

32-32-

Spares

200200 GHzGHz

PlanPlan16-16-

24-24-

OC-48 & OC-192

Wavelengths

V d v thit k cc bc sng



91/153


V d v thit k cc bc sngDWDM 8- :Blue : 1528.77nm, 1530.33nm, 1533.47nm, 1535.04nm

Red : 1550.92nm, 1552.52nm, 1555.75nm, 1557.36nm

DWDM 16- :Blue: 1531.90nm, 1536.61nm, 1538.19nm, 1539.77nmRed: 1547.72nm, 1549.32nm, 1554.13nm, 1558.98nm

DWDM 24- :Blue: 1529.55nm, 1531.12nm, 1532.68nm, 1534.25nm

Red: 1548.51nm, 1550.12nm, 1551.72nm, 1556.55nm

DWDM 32- :Blue: 1535.82nm, 1537.40nm, 1538.98nm, 1540.56nm

Red: 1553.33nm, 1554.94nm, 1558.17nm, 1559.79nm



92/153


V d v thit k cc bc sng

Ph u vo v u ra h thng 25 knhtruyn dn 1,500 km 40 Gb/s khong cch knh 100 GHz



93/153

S PHT TRIN CC TH H MNG QUANG WDM

1stGen : (Mng truyn dn quang)

Lung quang tnh im - im

2ndGen : (Mng truyn ti quang)Chuyn mch knh quang ng

3rdGen : (Mng gi quang)

Chuyn mch gi quang



94/153


Giao thc mng quang

IP

POS/POL

Point-to-pointWDM

optical Layer(virtual fiber)

IP

MPLS

Circuit-switchedWDM

Optical Layer(connection-oriented)

IP

Packet-switchedWDM

optical layer(connection-less)

Th h I Th h II Th h III



95/153


Sonet

SDH

Sonet

SDH

Voice, low-speed

data services

Voice, low-speed

data services

High speed

data servicesHigh speed

data services

DWDM

Sonet

SDHSonet

SDH

IP IP

Packet over SONET

OC-n





96/153


n m

Wavelength Routing NodeWavelength RouterFrequency Selective SwitchWavelength Changers...

ON-USER

LINK- SINGLE FIBER- FIBER BUNDLE

User-Network Interface

Mng nh tuyn theo bc sng tnh

1stGen : (Mng truyn ti quang)




97/153



Chuyn mch knh quang ng

Mng quang nh tuyn ng

Thit lp lung quang ng theo nhu cu Network Engineering Cn bng ti

Gim xc sut nghn

Khi phc mng

Kt ni gia mng IP v quang s dng cng ngh GMPLS



98/153




Ringnetwork

OADMOADM

DCS

OADM

OXC

Meshnetwork

DCS

OXC



99/153




OXCOADM OADM

OADM

t ransi t

DXC ATM

IP TDM

add/drop

pass-thru

pass-thru

pass-thru



100/153


3stGen : (Mng gi quang)

Chuyn mch gi quang

Chuyn mch Burst quang

Control Packet

control channel

data burst

Optical Burst Router



101/153



Chuyn mch gi quang

Chuyn mch nhn quang

SignalSource

SignalDestination

Optical-labelswitchingIP/WDM

Node



102/153


Chuyn mch gi quang

SignalSource

SignalDestination

Routing tablelook up

Optical Packet Router


Chuyn mch gi quang



103/153


M hnh chun giao thc Internet quang

UNI

UNI

SignalingIP/MPLS

RouterIP/MPLS

Router

CustomerIP/MPLSNetwork

Serviceagent

Manag,

Interfaceprotocol

Plane management

Layer management

Optical Layer

WDM Layer

IP/PPP Layer

Physical Layer

Ethernet /Link

IP

Control plane

NNI

Optical

Switch

Core Network

Service

agent

App Layer GMPLS

User plane Control plane



104/153


ATMHDLCEthernet MACRPR MAC

10GbE

LAN PHY

10GbE

WAN PHY

GFP

SONET / SDH

G.709 OCh digital wrapper/ optical channel

Optical fibre / G.652, G.653 etc.

IEEE 802.2 LLC PPP AAL5

GbE

PHY

IEEE 802.2 LLC

RPR PHY

IP

RPR = Resilient Packet Ring, IEEE 802.17; HDLC = High-level Data Link Control;

POS = Packet over SONET/SDH; GFP = Generic Framing Procedure (ANSI T1 X1 driven standard)

OTN = Optical Transport Network; WDM = Wavelength Division Multiplexing

WWDM = Wide WDM; DWDM = Dense WDM SDL : Simplified Data Link



105/153


IP ATM

ATM

Cell Based SDH

WDM

IP ATM

SDH VCnc

POS,SDL SDH

WDM

IP

Ethernet

GbE SDH

WDM

IP

MAPOS-SRP

SDH IP Based

WDM

ATM SDH Ethernet IP/WDM

IP ATM

ATM

Cell Based SDH

WDM

IP ATM

SDH VCnc

POS,SDL SDH

WDM

IP

Ethernet

GbE SDH

WDM

IP

MAPOS-SRP

SDH IP Based

WDM

ATM SDH Ethernet IP/WDM



106/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

XU HNG PHT TRIN CNG NGH MNG TRUY NHP

Cng ngh trong mng truy nhp s pht trin trn mng truy nhp c nh hin

ti (cp ng v cp ng trc) cung cp bng tn truy nhp Internet cao hn

(tiu biu l xDSL).

Mng truyn ti quang (trn c s WDM) c m rng ra pha mng truy nhp.

Si quang ang thm nhp vo phn mng truy nhp tuy nhin c c FTTH

hay FTTD vn cha th tr thnh hin thc. T chng c th kt hp vi DSL

hoc cp ng trc n tn thu bao.

Ethernet v si quang s kt hp vi nhau cung cp bng tn khng gii hn

cho ngi s dng tuy nhin v mt gi c th vn l vn cha thc s r rng

Cng ngh truyn thng tin qua ng in dn dng. y l mt c hi ln tuy

nhin vn cn c nhiu thch thc v mt k thut cn vt qua.

Cc cng ngh trong mng truy nhp s h tr kh nng di ng: GPRS, UMTS,

WLAN, Bluetooth, v tinh. Ngoi ra cn b xung hnh thc truy nhp v tuyn c

nh, HFR .



107/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

Cc loi khc

V tinhFWA

Quang

Kt hp quang

ng trc

DSL

ISDN

POTS

XU HNG PHT TRIN CNG NGH MNG TRUY NHP



108/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

S PHT TRIN MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

1,0

1,6

0,10,1

0,5

1,6

2,3

0,2

0,2

1,3

1,7

2,5

0,3

0,5

2,3

1,8

2,6

0,6

1,0

3,2

2,1

3,1

0,9

1,4

3,2

2,3

3,5

1,1

1,8

4,3

0,0

2,0

4,0

6,0

8,0

10,0

12,0

14,0

t

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Th trng truy nhp quang th gii

NT (PON, FIBER.)

PON ONU

PON OLT

Fiber ONU

Fiber OLT



109/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

CU HNH THAM CHIU MNG TRUY NHP

TMN

Mng truy nhp

FTTx

xDSL

Mng chuyn mch

UNI

Giao din phakhch hng

Q3Q3

SNIGiao din

phatng i

Da trn hnh 1 trang 6 khuyn ngh G902


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


110/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

CU HNH THAM CHIU MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

T1520720-96

AN system management functions

ONU

ODN OLT

ONUAF

Service

node

functions

R/SS/R

(a) reference point

User side

Q3

Network side

(T) reference point

UNI

(V) reference point

SNI


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


111/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

CU HNH THAM CHIU KHI OLT

T1520750-96

ODN

interface

function

ODN

interface

function

OAMfunction

Power supplyfunction

Transmission

multiplex

function

Digital

crossconnect

function

Service

portfunction

NetworkODN

Core shell Service shell

Common shell

To mediation device

and then Q3 interface


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


112/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

CU HNH THAM CHIU KHI ONU

T1520740-96

User

portfunction

Customer

and

services

multiplex

function

Transmission

multiplexfunction

ODN

interfacefunction

ODN

Customer

Service shell

OAM

function

Power supply

function

Common shell

Core shell


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


113/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

CU HNH THAM CHIU NG TRUYN QUANG ODN

T1520770-96

hp : npm''p

mp = m'p + m"p

L

hj : nj

kp = k'p + k"p

k''p m'p k'p

Lp Lj Ll

mj kj

hl : nl

ml kl

R/S S/R

ONU OLT

Optical path

(j)-th

Optical path

elementConnector

Splice

Optical branching device

: : :


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


114/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

S PHT TRIN MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

T1528110-98

FTTCab

FTTHO

NT

NT

NT

ON

U

ONU

OL

T

FTTB/C

fibre

fibre

fibre

copper

copper

access network home

networkUNISNI

ONU Optical Network UnitONT Optical Network Termination

OLT Optical Line TerminationNT Network Termination


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


115/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

Service Node

SNI(VB5)

ONU

FTTH

FTTB

FTTC

FTTCab

Optical Fiber

x-PON xDSL

OLT

ONU NT

NT

Passive Optical Splitter

FTTx

FTTC:Fiber To The CurbFTTCab :Fiber To The Cabinet

FTTH :Fiber To The HomeFTTB :Fiber To The Building

Q3

OperationSystem

Internet

Leased Line

Frame/CellRelay

Telephone

InteractiveVideo

Twisted Pair

ONT

ONT

Service Node

SNI(VB5)

ONU

FTTH

FTTB

FTTC

FTTCab

Optical Fiber

x-PON xDSL

OLT

ONU NT

NT

Passive Optical Splitter

FTTx

FTTC:Fiber To The CurbFTTCab :Fiber To The Cabinet

FTTH :Fiber To The HomeFTTB :Fiber To The Building

Q3

OperationSystem

Internet

Leased Line

Frame/CellRelay

Telephone

InteractiveVideo

Twisted Pair

ONT

ONT


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


116/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

EMS

Hthngqun l

Mngquang

M ng vtuyn

Mng IP

M ng ATM

HthngOLT

ONU ONU

ONU

ONU

ONU

ONU

S i cung cp

S i phnb

B tch/ghp

PON

CO

Thoi vd liu

Tho i, d liu,v video

Thoi , d liu,v video

Thoi , d liu,v video

Cng tythng mi

M HNH MNG QUANG TH NG


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


117/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

PON1

PON2

PON 3

PSTN

concentrator

optics

control

Customers building

Link to lease line networks

Exchange site

Interface to customers

internet network

Optical splitters


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


118/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

CC CU HNH MNG QUANG TH NG

ONU1

OLT

ONU5

ONU4

ONU3

ONU2

OLT

ONU1

ONU2

ONU5

ONU3

ONU4

ONU1

OLT

ONU3 ONU4

ONU2

ONU5

ONU1

OLT

ONU5

ONU4

ONU3

ONU2

(a) Kin trc hnh cy (s dng b chia 1:N)

(b) Kin trc bus (s dng b ghp 1:2)

(c) Kin trc vng ring (s dng b ghp 2x2)

(d) K in trc hnh cy v i mt trung ktha(s dng b chia 2:N)


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


119/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

SDH ring

SDH

ADM

SDHADM

SDH

ADM

switch H

D

T

ONU

ONU

ONU

ONUH

D

T

H

D

T

SDH

ADM

HDT = host digital terminal

ADM = add-drop mux

Copper pair


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


120/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

C c u cui xa:POTS, ISDN T1/E1,T3/E3, xDSL, V.35,...

Vng ring PON

Nh

cung cp(CO)OLT

u cui xa

ONU u cui

xa

ONU

u cui xa

ONU

u cui xa

ONU

PON im - a im

PON c trin khaithnh FTTB v FTTCtruyn tI cho DLC

Mi ONU nhn cc lung T1/E1,T3/E3, OC-3, hay OC-N t i/ tcc u cui DLC

Khitruy cp

ONU

u cui xa

OLT

Nh cungcp (CO)

Khitruy cp

ONU

Khitruy cp

ONU

Khi

truy cp

ONU

M n g PO Nim-a im

DLC

PON c tri n khaithnh FTTB v FTTClm u cui cho DLC

PON LM MNG TRUY CP CHO H THNG DLC


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


121/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

PON LM MNG TRUY CP CHO H THNG XDSL

SDH Tng i

VDSL

PON

FTTB

FTTB

FTTC VDSL

VDSL

FTTB

VDSLFTTC


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


122/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

PON LM MNG TRUY CP CHO H THNG XDSL


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


123/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

PON LM MNG TRUY CP CHO H THNG HFC

Cp TV

Hub

Hub

Hub

Hub

Nt s i

Cp ng trc

1:N

1:N

Cp ng trc

Cc nt s i

M ng PON


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


124/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

HRF l mt trong nhng cng ngh mi trong vi nm tr li y,

mcchca n l kthpbngtnrnglncasi quang vi tnh

linh hotca thitb truy nhp v tuyn. Cp quang s lm xng

sng trong mng truy nhp, giao tip v tuyn s c thc hin

trong mng phn b. Mc tiu cagii php ny l gimsphctpcathitbtitrm pht v tuyn,iu ny ngnghavivicgim

chi ph ut.

Hin nay HRF vn ang trong giai on nghin cu v chun ho.

Mts nh snxutthitb cho hng nhngsnphm ny tuy

nhin chng ch yu hot ng trn giao thc c quyn do d

nhiu nh khai thc cn e ngi khi trin khai chng trn mng.

H THNG LAI GHP SI QUANG V V TUYN (HFR )


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


125/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

CC H THNG V TUYN HIN NAY

H THNG LAI GHP SI QUANG V V TUYN (HFR)


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


126/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

ng dng ca HRF

Truyn dn gia chuyn mch

Truyn dn gia BSC v BTS

Truyn dn gia BTS v RAU



MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


127/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

KIN TRC TRUY NHP HFR TRONG NH


RAU

(a)

Siquang

Pico cellsradius


128/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG

KIN TRC TRUY NHP HFR NGOI TRI


mm-wavetransmission

with star feeding

architecture

Headend - centralisedbase station optical fibre links

RAUs

mm-wave transmissionwith a distributedantenna architecture

RAU

(b)


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


129/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


HFR PON

HFRHeadend

RAU

RAU

RAU

HFRHeadend

RAU

RAU

RAU

HFRHeadend

RAU

RAU

RAU

Mobile

Wireless

Terminals

Kt hp cu trc cy quangv sao v tuyn

Kt hp cu trc sao quangv v tuyn im-im

Kt hp cu trc sao quang v v tuyn t bo


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


130/153

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


Trung tm Khi ngten u xa

(b) IF feeder (f around 1GHz)

Nt dch v EO

OE

NT IFRF

BBIF

Nt dch vE

OO

ENT BB

RF

(a) Baseband (BB) feeder

S KHI H THNG HFR CHO NG XUNG


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


131/153

G U QU G

S KHI H THNG HFR CHO NG XUNG


(c.3) Millimetre-wave Feeder (f > 10 GHz ) using state of the art

optical components

Nt dch vO

ENT

(c.2) Microwave Feeder (f < 10 GHz ), using conventional

optic-to-electric conversion at the RAU

Nt dch vE

ONT BB

RFO

E

BBRF

mm-Waveoptical source

(c.1) Microwave Feeder (f< 10 GHz) , using passive opticalconversion at the RAU

Nt dch v E ONT BB

RFEAM


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


132/153

Q

HFR c th tch hpcvinhnghthng v tuyn sau:

Truy nhp v tuyncnh: WLL, HIPERACCESS, LMDS.

Cc hthng di ng: GSM-900, DCS-1800, IS-95, WCDMA,

W-LAN trong nh: HIPERLAN 2, IEEE802.11.

Cc hthng truy nhpv tinh



MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


133/153

Vmt cng ngh, cc ngdng cho HFR c xc nhcth sau khi phn

tch khnngngdng v chi ph tngi khi trin khai cc ngdng nay:

Cng ngh DFB ph hp cho ngdng GSM/DCS 1800 cho mi trngngoi

thnh

Cng ngh OSB ph hpvingdng LMDS cho mi trng thnh th

Cng ngh CPEAM ph hpvingdng UMTS cho vng microcell

Cng ngh LPEAM ph hpvic UMTS v DCS 1800 cho mi trngngoi

thnh

Ngoi ra c ththyrng HFR khng ph hp cho trin khai cc ngdng

WLAN



MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


134/153

H THNG ATM-PON

OLT ODNb1 b2 ... bn

ONU1

ONUn

b1 b2 ... bn

b1 b2 ... bn

Phn b ONU

OLT ODNONU1

ONU1

ONUn

ONU2 .... ONUn

ONU1 ONU1

ONUn ONUn

Tp trung ONU

....

....


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


135/153

H THNG ETHERNET-PON

OLT ONU2

ONU1

ONU3

USER1

USER2

USER3

1 1

2

3

header Payload FCS

Khung 802.3 33

1

1

2

33

3

3 3 31 1 2

Khung 802.3

Khe thi gian


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


136/153

H THNG TDM-PON & WDM-PON


MNG TRUY NHP QUANG


137/153

IP

Ethernet AAL5

ATM

Ethernet

PHY PHY

ATM

PPP

xDSL xDSLSONET/

SDHSONET/

SDH

ATM

AAL5

PPP

IP

ATM,Framerelay,etc.

PHY

Cat5 Copper Fiber

Ethernet

PHY PHY

Ethernet

xDSL xDSL PHY PHY

Ethernet

IP

ATM, FR,etc.

PHY

Cat5 Copper Fiber

Ethernet

IP


QUY TRNH THIT K TUYN WDM


138/153

Xc nh loi si v phng php b tn sc

Xc nh di v khong cch cc on lp ca h thng.

Cc qu v ca s hot ng

d phng

Yu cu v cht lng BER V tr lp t thit b

Kim tra di ca s hot ng m bo phng php b tn

sc ph hp.

Kim tra gii hn suy hao Nu c OADM, kim tra ca s v suy hao ca tt c cc tuyn

ph


CC YU CU TRONG THIT K H THNG WDM


139/153

Xc nh rng v khong cch ca cc knh bc sng

n nh bc sng ca cc thit b nhy cm vi bc sng

Lin kt b lc trong cc chui lin tip cc b lc

Kim sot cc hiu ng phi tuyn

Kim sot tn sc Kim sot xuyn m

Di ng ca cc b khuch i quang

iu khin nhiu h thng (c bit l ASE)




140/153

Xc nh rng v khong cch ca cc knh bc sng ph

thuc vo nhiu yu t:

gin rng tn hiu do iu ch, chirp laser v s tri bc sng,

chnh xc ca b lc.

Suy hao Xuyn knh (do cc b lc, do cc hiu ng phi tuyn v.v...)




141/153

S knh ca WDM ph thuc vo

Khong cch gia cc knh () Gii ph b khuch i

rng ph ca ngun

Tc mi knh quang

Tn sc si

Di tch v ghp knh

-+=

211N

V d: 1540 nm ti 1560 nm v khong cch gia cc knh l 1.6 nm (200 GHz)=> 12.5 channels




142/153

n nh bc sng ca cc thit b nhy cm vi bc sng

C l vn ln nht trong truyn dn WDM l phi m bo sao cho knh (bc

sng) trong h thng l nh nhau khi truyn t u n cui h thng. Khi chng

ta truyn mt knh no nht nh phi m bo n c truyn trn bc sng

nh vi mt dung sai h thng cho php.

Cc vn lin quan n n nh bc sng:

iu khin nhit

Chirp laser v s dao ng hi phc

S tri bc sng laser




143/153

Kim sot cc hiu ng phi tuyn

Kim sot tn sc Kim sot tn sc trong cc h thng WDM rt ging trong h thng n

knh. Tuy nhin, c mtsim khc:

Vicsdngsi tn scdchchuyn l khng hiuqu do lin quan n cchiungtrnbn sng FWM.

B tn sc dng si DCF phicthchinrtcnthn cn bng ccc tnh tn scca cc si phn bc sao cho tn scbng khng trn tonbdi cc bc sng ckhuchi.iu ny rt kh thchin.

Khi sdng cch t Bragg si,thct ta cnmtdchtnsrtlnb tn sc trn ton bdibc sng. Cc cch t c dchtnslnrtkh chto. Cc cch t FBG mua ra mtgii php cho vn ny. Ta

cng c th c loi FBG dchtns ring bit b tn sc cho tng knhrinh bit. Tuy nhin, trong trnghp ny ta phigi cc knh c khongcch sao cho cc sn xung ca b lc khng giao thoa vi tn hiu cabng bn cnh.




144/153

Cc vn v khuch i Cc c tnh quan trng nht ca b khuch i l h s khuch i, u ra

cng sut, v gii hn ca cc bc sng c khuch i (trong cc hthng WDM). iu quan trng l phi chn c b khuch i c cc ctnh thch hp a vo ng dng.

Vng bc sng khuch i t nhin ca mt b khuch i EDFA ngin l khong 1535 1560 nm. Vng ny c th m rng bng cch s

dng kt hp cc cht pha tp v cc b khuch i vi di khuch i 40nm.

Khi s dng cc b EDFA trong cc tuyn truyn dn cn phi xt nnhng yu t sau:

Tnh phi tuyn ng ca h s khuch i

S pht sinh nhng bin i cng sut t ngt

Tp gy ra do b khuch i. Cc hiu nh ph thuc s phn cc.

Trong cc vn trn th ba vn u l cc hiu ng quan trngnhng vn th t l khng ng k tr phi trong trng hp cc hthng c s lng b khuch i ln.




145/153

Nhiu trong cc h thng WDM

Nhiu Laser

Nhiu b ghp

Truyn dn trn si

Tng tc h thng

Nhiu b khuch i (ASE)

Nhiu b tch knh

Nhiu b thu


TNH TON QU CNG SUT


146/153

Cn quan tm ti: Mo v nhiu xung

Cng sut cao: Mo tn hiu

Cng sut thp: T l tn hiu trn nhiu thp

Hiu sut h thng(dBQ)

Cng sut pht (dBm)

Gii hn nhiutuyn tnh h thng

H thng bao gm nhiu phi tuyn


Q H THNG


147/153

S dng Q thay th cho BER:

Q l phn tuyn tnh ca on cui nhiu Gaussian theoBER = 1/2erfc(Q/2)

0

1

s0

s

1

RefD

RefD


BIU HNH MT


148/153

Mt biu hnh mt ch mt mu bt 0 biu din trong mtkhe thi gian


ld)NGOI SUY Q H THNG


149/153

Above Q = 6 it is useful to extrapolate to obtain Q

Assumes Gaussian noise

At optimum performance (max. Q) BER0 = BER1

Vth = decision level for pulse recovery process

1

0

s0

s

1

Th

xxxxx

QVth

(decision

voltage

threshol


C LNG HIU SUT QUANG


150/153

Qu cho Q h thng:

Q l h s cht lng h thng

Bit error rate (BER) l hm ca Q

c th thy rng Q > Qo X Dwc

Qol Q h thng khng c mo Qoch i din cho nhiu

Dwcl ch s mo trng hp ti nht is the worst case distortion

factor

nh hng ca nhiu v mo l hai qu tch bit

Q h thng l tp hp t cc qu ny


NHIU V MO TN HIU


151/153

H thng gim cht lng c chia lm 2 nhmA) nh hng do mo:

Mo pha thuMo pha phtMo ng truyn quang:tn sc, SPM,FWM & XPM 4 knh


H THNG QUANG C KHUCH I


152/153

Q Dwc QoQ=7 EOL

< 1

P1

A

BP0

0

1

0

s0

s1

+

Noise-only Q > 7


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Tai Lieu TTQ GD CH Khoa 8 (Slide)

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Transcript of Tai Lieu TTQ GD CH Khoa 8 (Slide)