Statutory Rquirement InIndia

8/3/2019 Statutory Rquirement InIndia

1/24

Health & Safety

StatutoryFactories Act-1948 & Other

Environmental Health and Safety Rules &regulations.

Compiled By: SC Sharma


2/24

Outline Rules & Regulations

Factories Act-1948.

OSHA-18000-2007

ISO :14000/14001 Environment Management System

Noise at work regulations 2005.

Fire Precaution Act 1997.Chemical Regulations 1994.

Water Resources Act- 1991.

Gas Cylinders Rules 1981(2004)


3/24

Outline Rules & Regulations

Indian Electricity Rules 1910(2004)

Central Motor Vehicle Act-1989.

Indian Boiler Act-1923(2007)

The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health(Amendment) Regulations 2004


4/24

Factories Act-1948

HEALTH

CLEANLINESS :-

Except in cases specially exempted , all inside walls and

partitions, ceilings or tops of rooms and all walls, sides and top ofpassages and staircases in a factory shall be kept white-washedor colour-washed. The white washing or colour washing shall becarried out at least once in every period of fourteen months. Thefloors of every work room shall be cleaned at least once in every

week by washing using disinfectant where necessary, or someother method.

Disposal of wastes and effluents :-

Effective arrangements shall be made in every factory for thedisposal of wastes and effluents due to the manufacturing

process carried on therein.


5/24

Health

Ventilation and Temperature Effective and suitable provision shall be made in every factory for

securing and maintaining in every work room adequate ventilation bythe circulation of fresh air and such a temperature as will secure toworkers therein reasonable conditions of comfort and prevent injury tohealth.

Overcrowding :-

Unless exemption has been granted there shall be in every workroom of a factory in existence on 1st April,1949 at least 350 cubic feetand of a factory built after this date at least 500 cubic feet of space forevery worker employed therein and for this purpose no account shall be

taken of any space which is more than 14 feet above the level or thefloor of the room

Lighting :-

In every part of a factory where workers are working or passingthere shall be provided and maintained sufficient and suitable lighting ,

natural or artificial or both.


6/24

Health

Drinking water :-In every factory effective arrangements shall be made to provideand maintain at suitable points, conveniently situated for allworkers employed therein, a sufficient supply of wholesomedrinking water.

In every factory wherein more than 250 workers are ordinarilyemployed the drinking water shall, during the hot weather, becooled by ice or other effective methods. The cooled drinkingwater shall be supplied in every canteen, lunch room and rest

room and also at conveniently accessible points throughout thefactory


7/24

Health

Latrines and urinals :-

In every factory sufficient latrine and urinal accommodation of theprescribed type(separate enclosed accommodation for male and femaleworkers ) shall be provided in conveniently situated and accessible to

workers at all times while they are at the factory. Every latrine shall beunder cover and so partitioned off as to secure privacy and shall have a

proper door and fastenings. Sweepers shall be employed whose primaryduty it would be to keep clean latrines, urinals washing places.

Spittoons :-

In every factory there shall be provided a sufficient number of

spittoons of the prescribed in convenient places and they shallbe maintained in a clean and hygienic condition. No personshall spit within the premises of a factory except in thespittoons provided for the purpose.


8/24

Safety Measures in Factories

39.1 Introduction

Increasing number of accidents involving workers has drawn our attentiontowards safety measures in the factories. Accidents not only affectworkers loosing their livelihood but also employers in terms ofcompensation to be paid to the workers. Accidents are a significant causeof dispute between workers and management. With the coming in of newset up of industries e.g., steel production, engineering, fertilizers,chemicals and petro-chemicals, oil refining etc., and increasing use ofmachine power, industrial complexities in terms of process of productionhave increased. This has given rise to hazards and risks. Safetymeasures are to be adopted against such risks and hazards. The FactoriesAct, 1948 has laid down certain measures for the safety of workersemployed in the factories. In this lesson, we shall study about the safetymeasures in factories.

39.3 Need for safety measuresSafety measures result in improving the conditions under which workersare employed and work. It improves not only their physical efficiency, butalso provides protection to their life and limb. Inadequate provision ofsafety measures in factories may lead to increase in the number of

accidents. Human failure due to carelessness, ignorance, inadequate skill,and improper supervision have also contributed to accidents, and the


9/24

SAFETY

Fencing of Machinery :-

In every factory dangerous parts of machines, e.g, everymoving part of a prime mover and every fly-wheelconnected to a prime mover etc. shall be securely fencedby safeguarding construction which shall be kept inposition while the part of machinery they are fencing are

in motion or in use.Work on or near machinery in motion :-

No women or young person shall be allowed to clean,lubricate or adjust any part of a mover or of anytransmission machinery while the prime mover of

transmission machinery is in motion, or to clean,lubricate, or adjust any part of any machine, if thecleaning, lubrication or adjustment thereof would exposethe woman or young person to risk of injury from anymoving part either of that machine or of any other

adjacent machinery.


10/24

safety

Sec-23.Employment of young persons on dangerousmachinery

No young person shall work at any machine declared to bedangerous unless he has been fully instructed as to the dangersarising in connection with the machine and the precautions to beobserved, and has received sufficient training in work at themachine or is under adequate supervision by a person who has a

through knowledge and experience of the machine.

Sec-26. Casing of new machineryIn all machinery driven by power and installed in any factory after1st april 1949, every set screw, belt or key on any revolvingshaft, spindle,wheel or pinion shall be so sunk, encased orotherwise effectively guarded as to prevent danger, all spur,worm and other toothed friction gearing which does not requirefrequent adjustment while in motion shall be completely encases,unless it is so situated as to be as safe as it would be, if it werecompletely encased.

Whoever sells or lets on hire or as agent of a seller or hirercauses or procures to be sold or let on hire, for use in a factory

and machinery driven by power which does not comply with theseprovision, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which


11/24

Sec-29.Lifting machines, chains,ropes and liftingtackles

All parts including the working gear,whether fixed or movable of every liftingmachine and every chain, rope or lifting tackle shall be of good construction,

sound material and adequate strength and free from defects, properlymaintained and thoroughly examined by a competent person at least once inevery period of twelve months and a register shall be maintained inprescribed form of every such examination. Effective measure shall also betaken to ensure that the crane does not approach within twenty feet of theplace where a person is employed or working on or near the wheel track of atraveling crane.

Sec-34.Excessive weight-

Adult male - 55Kg

Adult female - 30Kg

Young person (15-18)yrs - 30 Kg

Young female(15-18)yrs- 20Kg

Male child(14-15)yrs - 16kg

Female child(14-15)yrs- 13Kg


12/24

Sec-88 & Rules. Dangerous operations-

Employment of women, adolescents and children isprohibited or restricted in certain operations declared to bedangerous, e.g, manufacturing of aerated water, electroplating,

manufacturing and repair of electric accumulator, glassmanufacturer, grinding or glazing of metals, manufacture andtreatment of lead and certain compounds or lead, generatingpetrol gas from petrol, sand blasting and liming and tanning ofraw hides and skins.

Sche-IV. Injunction moulding machine

A. An electrical interlock arrangement shall be provided so that the mouldscan not be closed unless the front safety gate is fully closed and onopening the front safety gate, the moulds will stop automatically.

B. In addition to the above arrangement an hydraulic safety shall also beincorporated with the front safety gate. This shall prevent the tail stockmould plate from moving forward on opening of the front safety gate.

C. At the rear of the machine, their shall be provided either an efficientfixed guard or a sliding gate which shall be electrically interlocked withthe movement of the mould plates in the manner of the front safety

gate as required under (a ) above, so as to prevent access to the dangerzone of the moulds in motion from the rear.


13/24

Pressure Plant-

If any factory, any plant or machinery or any part thereofis operated at a pressure above atmospheric pressure,effective measures shall be taken to ensure safe working

pressure of such plant or machinery or part is not exceeded.Every pressure plant or pressure vessel used in any factory shall

be-

A. Properly designed on sound engineering practice.

B. Of sound construction and material and of adequate strength and

shall be free from any defect and properly maintained in a safeworking condition.

Every pressure plant or pressure vessel shall be fitted with-

A. A suitable safety valve or other effective devices

B. A suitable pressure gauge with a dial range not less than 1.5 timesand not exceeding twice the maximum safe working pressure, easilyvisible and designed to show at all times, the correct internalpressure in kilograms per square centimeters and marked withprominent red mark at the maximum safe working pressure of thepressure plant or pressure vessel.

C. A suitable stop valve or valves by which the pressure vessel or thesystem of pressure vessel may be isolated from other vessel or

source of supply of pressure.


14/24

E. A suitable nipple and valve connected for the exclusive purpose ofattaching a test pressure gauge for checking the accuracy of the pressuregauge.

F. Every pressure gauge stop valve, nipple shall be mounted at a height not

more than 1.5 mtr from the working level.Every pressure plant in service shall be thoroughly examined by a competent

person-

A. Externally once in every period of six months.

B. Internally once in every period of twelve months and

C. Hydraulic test once in a period of four years.

The manager shall maintain a register of pressure plant or pressure vesselsshowing-

A. Name & make of the pressure plant or pressure vessel.

B. Identification mark.C. The date of taking into use for the first time and,

D. The reference number & date of the report of examination by competentperson.

E. The report of the result of every examination made shall be completed in

Form-13.


15/24

Storage of flammable liquids

A. The quantity of flammable liquids in any work room shall be the minimum requiredfor the process or process or process carried in such room, and flammable liquidsshall be stored in suitable containers with close fitting covers.

B. Not more than 20 ltrs. Of flammable liquid having a flash point of 20 degree or lessshall be kept or stored in any work room.

C. Flammable liquid shall be stored in closed containers and in limited quantities inwell ventilated rooms of fire resisting construction which are isolated from theremainder of the building by fire walls & self closing fire doors.

D. Large quantity of such liquids shall be stored in isolated adequately ventilated

building of fire resisting construction or in storage tanks, preferably undergroundand a distance from any building as required in the petroleum Rules 1976.

E. Effective steps shall be taken to prevent leakage of such liquids into basementsumps drains and to confirm any escaping liquid within safe limits.

Accumulation of flammable dust,gas,fume or vapour in air orflammable waste material on the floors-

A. Effective steps shall be taken for removal or prevention of the accumulation in theair of flammable dust gas, fume or vapour to an extent which is likely to bedangerous.

B. No any material of a flammable nature shall be permitted to accumulate on thefloors and shall be removed at least once in a day or shift, and more often whenpossible.


16/24

Floors, Stairs, and Means of Access

In every factory

a) all floors, steps, stairs and passages shall be of sound constructionand properly maintained, and where it is necessary to ensure

safety, steps, stairs, and passages shall be provided withsubstantial hand rails

b) b) there shall, so far as is reasonably practicable, be provided, andmaintained safe means of access to every place at which anyperson is at any time required to work.

Pits, Sumps, openings in floor etc.which may be a source ofdanger, shall be either securely covered or securely fenced.Securely fencing a pit means covering or fencing it in such a waythat it ceases to be a source of danger.

Protection of Eyes

If the manufacturing process carried on in any factory is suchthat it involves (a) risk of injury to the eyes from particles thrownoff in the course of the process or (b) risk to the eyes by reason ofexposure to excessive lights, effective screens or suitable gogglesshall be provided for the protection of persons employed on, or inthe immediate nearness of, the process.


17/24

Precautions against Dangerous Fumes and use ofPortable Light

i) No person shall enter any chamber, tank, vat, pit, pipe or otherconfined space in a factory in which dangerous fumes are likely to

be present to such an extent as to cause risk of persons beingovercome thereby.

No portable electric light of voltage exceeding twenty fourvolts shall be permitted in any factory for use inside any confinedspace. Where the fumes present are likely to be inflammable nolamp or light, other than of flameproof nature, shall be allowed tobe used.

iii) No person in any factory shall be allowed to enter any confinedspace, until all practicable measures have been taken to reverseany fumes which may be present and to prevent any ingress offumes.

iv) Suitable breathing apparatus, reviving apparatus and belts andropes shall be kept in every factory for instant use. All suchapparatus shall be periodically examined and certified by acompetent person to be fit for use.

v) No person shall be permitted to enter in any factory, any boiler,

furnace, chamber, tank, pipe, or other confined space for thepurpose of working or making any examination until it has been


18/24

Explosive or Inflammable Dust, Gas etc.

If any manufacturing process in the factory produces dust, gas, fume, orvapour of such a nature as is likely to explode on ignition, measures shallbe taken to prevent any such explosion by:

effective enclosure of the plant or machinery used in the process;

removal or prevention of the accumulation of such dust, gas, fume orvapour;

exclusion or effective enclosure of all possible source of ignition.

Measures shall also be adopted to restrict the spread and effects of theexplosion by providing in the plant or machinery of chokes, baffles, vents,or other effective appliances.

Safety of Building and Machinery

In case it appears that any building, machinery or plant in a factory is in

such a condition that it is dangerous to human life or safety, the managerof the factory may be served an order specifying measures to be adoptedas prescribed. Further, in case it appears that the use of any building,machinery or plant in a factory involves imminent danger to human life orsafety, an order may be served prohibiting the use of such building ormachinery, until it has been repaired or altered.

Preca tions in case of fire


19/24

Precautions in case of fire

i) Every factory shall be provided with such means of escape in case offire as may be prescribed;

ii) In every factory, the doors affording exit from any room shall not belocked so that they can not be easily and immediately opened from theinside while any person is within the room, and all such doors, unlessthey are of sliding type, shall be constructed to open outwards.

iii) Every door, window or other exit affording a means to escape in caseof fire shall be distinctively marked in a language understood by themajority of the workers. Such marking should be in red letters ofadequate size or by some other effective and clearly understood sign.

iv) An effective and clearly audible means of giving warning, in case offire, to every person shall be provided in the factory.

v) A free passageway giving access to each means of escape in case offire shall be maintained for the use of all workers in the factory.

vi) Effective measures shall be taken to ensure that in every factory allworkers are familiar with the means of escape in case of fire and havebeen adequately trained in the routine to be followed in such a case.


20/24

ISO 14001 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

BS EN ISO 14001ISO 14001 was first published in 1996 and specifies the actual requirements

for an environmental management system. It applies to those environmental

aspects which the organization has control and over which it can be expected tohave an influence.

ISO 14001 is often seen as the corner stone standard of the ISO 14000 series.However, it is not only the most well known, but is the only ISO 14000 standardagainst which it is currently possible to be certified by an external certificationauthority. Having stated this, it does not itself state specific environmental

performance criteria.

This standard is applicable to any organization that wishes to:

1. implement, maintain and improve an environmental management system2. assure itself of its conformance with its own stated environmental policy (those

policy commitments of course must be made)3. demonstrate conformance4. ensure compliance with environmental laws and regulations5. seek certification of its environmental management system by an external third

party organization6. make a self-determination of conformance


21/24

OHSAS 18000

What is OHSAS 18000?

OHSAS 18001 is an Occupation Health and Safety Assessment Series for health andsafety management systems. It is intended to help an organizations to controloccupational health and safety risks. It was developed in response to widespread

demand for a recognized standard against which to be certified and assessed.


22/24

(OSHA) Occupational Safety & Health Administration

According to OSHA, an effective workplace safety and healthmanagement system at a small business work site(s) will enable thesmall business owner to:

Recognize and remove hazards from the work site Protect an employers workers from injury and illness Prevent loss of life at an employers work site

Cultivate informed and alert employees who takeresponsibility for their own and their coworkers safety and forworkplace safety as a whole

Improve employee morale

OSHA is a federal agency, it was created in 1970.Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA) to ensure safe and healthful working conditions for working

men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach,education and assistance.
http://www.osha.gov/http://www.osha.gov/


23/24

The Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005

The Noise Regulations 2005 require employers to preventor reduce risks to health and safety from exposure to noise

at work. Employees have duties under the Regulations too. The Regulations require you as an employer to

1. assess the risks to your employees from noise at work;

2. take action to reduce the noise exposure that produces those

risks;

3. provide your employees with hearing protection if you cannotreduce the noise exposure enough by using other methods;

4. make sure the legal limits on noise exposure are not exceeded;

5. provide your employees with information, instruction and trainin

6. carry out health surveillance where there is a risk to health.


24/24

THANK YOU

Statutory Rquirement InIndia

Documents

Transcript of Statutory Rquirement InIndia