TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

RADIOGRAPHY

DANGERRADIOACTIVERADIATION

صدارة Sadara Project مشروع

By: Sadara Polyethylene

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

• What is radiation?

• The risks associated with its use

• Protection against exposure

• Acceptance Criteria in Welding Radiography

OBJECTIVES

صدارة Sadara Project مشروع

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

• RT8S-5060-01 – Radiographic Examination

• A554-O-PRG-CE-SPC-DES-050 -

• ASME SEC V Article 2

• Schedule Q

• ASME B31.3

REFERENCES

صدارة Sadara Project مشروع

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

Radiation is all around us. It occurs

naturally or can be produced

artificially. Ex.: light, lasers, the sun, medical x-ray machines, Television and radioactive materials.

Other items that produce radiation are smoke detectors, wicks from Coleman lanterns and some ceramic materials.

Radiation: Is energy emitted from a source in the form of waves or particles, which is transmitted

through the air.

What is it?

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

صدارة Sadara Project مشروع

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

Exposure: A measure of the ionisation produced in air by gamma rays.

Dose: A measure of energy deposited by radiation in a material

(measure of the ionisation produced in air by gamma rays)

or of the relative biological damage produced by that amount

of absorbed radiation.

Acute Dose: A large dose of radiation in a short period of time.

Chronic Dose: A small dose of radiation over a long period of time.

Definitions

صدارة Sadara Project مشروع

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

Mechanism of damage: Radiation causes atoms and

molecules to become ionised or excited. It can result

in damage to molecules which regulate vital cell

processes.

Interaction of radiation with matter:

The relative amount of damage to the cell and tissue of a person exposed to radiation depends on the amount of radiation received.

Biological effects depend on dose and time.

Effects on Health

صدارة Sadara Project مشروع

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

• Effects of acute high radiation dose can result in everything from disruption of organ functions to death.

• Effect of Chronic or low radiation doses: development of some form of cancer.

• Gamma rays may cause damage to deep-seated organs and tissues

without being in the body. They are internal & external hazard to the

body.

• Gamma rays are high penetrating.

None of the 5 human senses are able to detect ionising radiation.None of the 5 human senses are able to detect ionising radiation.

Effects on Healthصدارة Sadara Project مشروع

You can’t smell it.

You can’t taste it.

You can’t see it.

صدارة Sadara Project مشروع

You can’t feel it.

You can’t hear it

(At least not yet, if you don’t respect it)

صدارة Sadara Project مشروع

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

3 types of effects from ionising radiation3 types of effects from ionising radiation

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

Exposure to radiation is minimized by applying the principles of external radiation protection also known as the ALARA concept:

As Low As Reasonably Achievable• Keep TIME of exposure to a minimum.

• Maximize the DISTANCE between yourself and the source of radiation as much as possible.

• Keep adequate SHIELDING material between the source of radiation and yourself.

Protection against radiation exposure

REMEMBER Any unnecessary exposure is too much!

RESPECT RADIATION

TSP HSE DEPARTMENT

CONTROLLED AREA

The controlled areas should be cut off by a physical barrier.

Flashing lights should also be used to mark the controlled area

where the work is carried out at night.

Access should be restricted and suitable warning signs displayed.

Protection against exposure

صدارة Sadara Project مشروع

Table 341.3.2 Acceptance Criteria for Welds and Examination Methods for Evaluating Weld Imperfections

THANK YOU