QUIMICA DE CARBOHIDRATOSDEFINICIONFUNCIONESCLASIFICACIONMONOSACARIDOS:Estructura. Isomeria:Epmeros E!a!ti"meros A!"merosFami#ias $e co!%i&uraci"! Deri'a$os $e #os mo!osac(ri$os )ropie$a$es $e #os mo!osac(ri$osOLI*OSACARIDOS : Disac(ri$os)OLISACARIDOS :Homopo#isac(ri$osHeteropo#isac(ri$os : *#icosami!oica!os)roteoica!os*#icoprotei!as OHCHOCCCCCH2H OHO H HH OHH OHOHCCCCCH2OO H HH OHH OHOHCH2MONOSACARIDOS OHCCH2OOHCH2OHCH2CHOC H OH D+*LICERALDEHIDO , L+*LICERALDEHIDOOHCH2CHOC H OHDOHCH2CHOC O H HL *LUCOSA , FRUCTOSA EN SUS FORMAS D,LOHCCCCCCH2H OHO H HH OHH OHO HOHCCCCCCH2H O HOH HH O HH O HH OOHCCCCCH2OOH HH O HH O HOH CH2D (+) GlucosaL (+) GlucosaOHCCCCCH2OO H HH OHH OHOHCH2D (-) FructosaL (-) Fructosa D(+)TalosaOHCHOCCCCCH2H OHH OHH OHH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2O H HH OHH OHH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2H OHO H HH OHH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2O H HO H HH OHH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2H OHH OHO H HH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2O H HH OHO H HH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2H OHO H HO H HH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2O H HO H HO H HH OHOHCHOCCCCH2H OHH OHH OHOHCHOCCCCH2O H HH OHH OHOHCHOCCCCH2H OHO H HH OHOHCHOCCCCH2O H HO H HH OHOHCHOCCCH2H OHH OHOHCHOCCCH2O H HH OHOHCHOCCH2H OHD (+) GlicerladehidoD (-) EritrosaD TreosaD (+) Ribosa D (-) Arabinosa D (-) ilosa D (-) Li!osaD(-)Alosa D(+)Altrosa D(+)Glucosa D(+)"anosa D(-)Gulosa D(-)#dosa D(+)Galactosa OHCCH2OOH CH2OH CH2CCOH OHOH CH2OH CH2CCCOH OHH OHOH CH2OH CH2CCCOO H HH OHOH CH2OHCCCCCH2OH OHH OHH OHOH CH2OHCCCCCH2OO H HH OHH OHOH CH2OHCCCCCH2OH OHO H HH OHOH CH2OHCCCCCH2OO H HO H HH OHOH CH2Dihidro!iacetonaD (-) EritrulosaD (-) Ribulosa D (-) ilulosaD (+) $sicosaD (-) Fructosa D (-) %orbosa D (-) Ta&atosa E)IMEROS'OHCHOCCCCCH2O H HO H HH OHH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2H OHO H HH OHH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2H OHO H HO H HH OHD-GlucosaD-"anosaD-Galactosa(2)*+ ESTEREOISOMER-AOHCCCCCCH2H OHO H HH OHH OHO HOHCCCCCCH2H O HOH HH O HH O HO HENANTIOMEROS ISOMERO O)TICO DE LA *LUCOSA FOR"AC#O, DE E%TR-CT-RA% C#CL#CA%FOR"AC#O, DE HE"#ACETALOHR.C HOR+C HOHRO-R.FOR"AC#O, DE HE"#CETALOHR.C R.ORC R.OHRO-R.+ CICLI.ACI/N DE LA *LUCOSAOHCCCCCCH2H OHO H HH OHH OHO HOHCH2CCCCCH OHO H HH OHHOH OHOHCH2CCCCCH OHO H HH OHHOO HHAl/a D-Glucosa0eta D-GlucosaGlucosaEstructura lineal30 %64 %6 % FORMASFURANO, )IRANO)ARA LA FRUCTOSAOHCCCCCH2OO H HH OHH OHOHCH2OHCH2CCCCHO H HH OHHOOHCH2CCCCCO H HH OHH OHH2OO HOHCH2 D-Fructo/uranosaEstructura lineal D-Fructo1iranosa AL*UNAS FORMAS )IRANOSICASC OCC CCOHHHHO HOHH OHHCH2OHAl/a D-GlucosaC OCC CCHHHOHH OHH OHOHCH2OH0eta D-Galactosa FORMULAS DE HA0ORTHOHCCCCCCH2H OHO H HH OHH OHO H(2)*+OCOHHHHO HOHH OHHCH2OHOCHHHHO HOHH OHOHCH2OH-D-&lucosa-D-&lucosa FORMAS DE 1SILLA2 , 1BOTE2 )ARA LA *LUCOSAOHOHHOHOHHHO HHO HOOH HH OHH HHO HOH HO H H2silla22bote2 DERI3ADOS DE LOS MONOSACARIDOS*LIC/SIDOS: REACCI/N CON LOS ALCOHOLESOHHHHO HOHH OHOHCH2OHCH(OH+OHHHHO HOHH OHOCH2OHCH(H2O+-D-&luco1iranosa"etil beta &luc3sido ESTERES FOSFORICOS$OOHOHOOCH2OHHO HOHHCH2H$OOOHO H$OOHOHO CH2CHOC H OH$OOHOHOCCH2OOH CH2Gliceraldehido(-/os/atoDihidro!iacetona/os/atoFrutosa '4+ bi/os/ato A.4CARES 5CIDOS: 6 A#$"!icos7 a#$(ricos7 ur"!icos 8COOHCCCCCH2OHH OHO H HH OHH OHCOOHCCCCCOOHH OHO H HH OHH OHCHOCCCCCOOHH OHO H HH OHH OHCOOHCCCCCOOHH OHO H HO H HH OH5c D-&alactosac6ridoo 6cido 78cicoAc9 D-Gluc6ricoA9 D-&lucor3nicoOH CH2CCCCHO H HH OHHOOCOHCHOCCCCHH OHO H HHOOCOHOH CH2CCCCO HO HHO HOO CHOH CH2CCCCOOHO HOO CH5cidoGluconolactona5cido &lucoronolatona5cido Asc3rbico5c Dehidroasc3rbicoAc9 D-Gluconico A.4CARES ALCOHOLOHCCCCCH2H OHO H HH OHH OHOHCH2OHCCCCCH2O H HO H HH OHH OHOHCH2O HOHOHOHOHOHD-GlucitolL-%orbitolD-7anitolGlicerol"eso-inositolOHCCH2H OHOHCH2REDUCCION CON HIDR/*ENO *ASEOSO 6CATALI.ADOR METALICO DESO9IA.4CARESOHCHOCH2CCCH2H OHH OHCCCCCH(O H HH OHH OHO H HCHOCCCCCH(H OHH OHO H HO H HCHO2-deso!i D-ribosaL-FucosaL-RannosaL+*ALACTOSA L+MANOSA AMINOA.4CARESOHCHOCCCCCH2H ,H2O H HH OHH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2H ,H2O H HO H HH OHOHCHOCCCCCH2H ,H-CO-CH(O H HH OHH OH D-Glucosa7ina D-Galactosa7ina,-acetil D-Glucosa7ina OHCHOCCCCCH2HHH OHH OHCH(CO ,HCCH(HCOOHOOHCCCCCCH2O H HH OHH OHHOH HCCH2OOHCH2C H(CO ,HAc9 ,-acetil neuroa7inico (,A,A)Ac9 ,-acetil 7ur67ico )RO)IEDADES DE LOS MONOSAC5RIDOS::.+ MUTARROTACI/N : +D+*LUCOSA ;::.? ; =