POTENTIAL OF WIND ENERGY IN SAUDI ARABIA

IBRAHIM ELAMINSHAFIQUR REHMAN

KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AND MINERALS

DHAHRAN – 31261, SAUDI ARABIA

OUTLINE

►Saudi Power Systems

►WHY RENEWABLE ENERGY?

►GLOBAL WIND POWER INSTALLED CAPACITY

►PROJECTS 

►CONCLUSIONS

Saudi Arabian Power Systems

•Load in 2008 , 40,000 MW (190,000 GWh)

•Forecasted load  and Energy  (2032):

120, 000 MW (540, 000  Gwh)

Energy Sources: Fossil Fuels

Natural gas

Crude Oil

Heavy Fuel 

Diesel oil

FSaudi Arabian Power Systemsuel Consumption (2008)

2010-3-24 4

Generated Energy in 2008 : 190,000 GwhFuel Consumption in 2008:

Diesel 929,000,0  M TonsCrude Oil 756,000,0   M tonsHeavy Fuel  623,000,0  M TonsNatural Gas 22780  Million Cu. Meter

Total: 45,760 ,000 Ton of Oil Equivalent(Approximately over 850,000 Barrels  of Oil a day)

Gas  Supply & Demand

2010-3-24 5

Options for Power GenerationAlternatives

2010-3-24 6

• Nuclear Power Generation

• Import of Power From Neighboring Countries

• Use of Renewable Energy: Wind, Solar , Geothermal etc.

WHY WIND ENERGY IN SAUDI ARABIA?

•Conservation of fossil fuel

•Increasing cost of fossil fuel

•Reduce green house gases

•Competitive cost of wind energy

•Few months required for erection

•Ease of Maintenance

WHY WIND ENERGY IN SAUDI ARABIA?

•Create New Jobs

•Create New Industries

•Wind power prices- Not affected by fuel prices

GRID CONNECTED WIND FARMS

WIND-DIESEL HYBRID APPLICATIONS

WIND POWER PROJECTS

Wind Measurement

Wind farm layout design

Wind farm view

Noise analysis

GRID CONNECTED WIND FARMS

Equipment Selection and Procurement

Site Preparation and Installation

Measurements and Assessment

Wind Measurement Campaign

MEASUREMENTS

MEASUREMENTS

MEASUREMENTS

WIND SPEED AT DIFFERENT HEIGHTS-JUAYMAH

MONTHLY MEAN WIND SPEED AT DIFFERENT HEIGHTS-JUAYMAH

10 meters 20 meters

30 meters 40 meters

MONTHLY MEAN WIND SPEED AT DIFFERENT HEIGHTS-JUAYMAH

10 meters 20 meters

30 meters 40 meters

MONTHLY WIND SPEED AT DIFFERENT HEIGHTS-JUAYMAH

MONTHLY WIND POWER DENSITY AT DIFFERENT HEIGHTS-JUAYMAH

WIND TURBINE CHARATERISTICS-JUAYMAH

WindMachine

Cut-in speed (m/s)

Cutout speed (m/s)

Rated speed (m/s)

Rated output (kW)

Rotor Diameter

(m)

Expected Life

(Years)

V96-2750 3.0 25.0 15.0 2750 100 20

Wind power curve for Vestas 2750 kW wind machine

ENERGY YIELD FROM SINGLE WIND TURBINE

Annual Mean Wind Speed:At 10m AGL = 4.2m/sAt 20m AGL = 4.8m/sAt 30m AGL = 5.3m/sAt 40m AGL = 5.7m/s At 40m AGL wind was available for 59% of the timeLocal wind shear exponent = 0.221Energy Yield from 2.75MW Wind Turbine

MONTHLY ENERGY YIELD AT DIFFERENT HUB HEIGHTS-JUAYMAH

MONTHLY PCF AT DIFFERENT HUB HEIGHTS-JUAYMAH

PERCENT RATED OUTPUT AT DIFFERENT HUB HEIGHTS-JUAYMAH

PERCENT ZERO OUTPUT AT DIFFERENT HUB HEIGHTS-JUAYMAH

WIND POWER FOR VILLAGESROWDAT BEN HABBAS

SEASONAL WIND SPEED - RBH

SEASONAL WIND SPEED - RBH

FREQUENCY: WIND SPEED -RBH

ENERGY YIELD - RBH

Vestas VT100 2.75MW Wind Turbine Power Curve

ENERGY YIELD - RBH

Installed capacity = 550MWNo. of Turbines = 200

Wind Diesel Hybrid Power System DesignHOMERHYBRID 2

Techno-economical feasibility for a village25% Wind penetration

Recommendations

HYBRID SYSTEM FOR RBH

WIND DIESEL HYBRID Description Details

Capacity of diesel system (1250 kW, 2240 kW, 2240 kW), MW 5.73

Capacity of wind farm (3 WECS of 600 kW each), MW 1.8

Annual working hours of the three diesel units, hours 4475, 5918, 508

Number of starts per year (Gen1, Gen2, Gen3) 900, 364, 127

Diesel power plant initial cost, SAR 32,681,400

Wind farm initial capital cost, SAR 14,062,500

Total initial capital cost 46,744,875

Diesel power plant O & M cost/year, SAR 1,584,128

Wind farm O & M cost/year, SAR 281,250

Diesel fuel cost/year, SAR 450,173

Total operation & maintenance + fuel cost /year, SAR 2,315,550

Total net present cost (NPC), SAR 80,229,788

Cost of energy (COE), Halalah/kWh 33.3

Saving in fuel consumption by using hybrid system, % 25.1

CO2 emissions avoided by using hybrid system, tons/yr 4,442

Excess energy generation, % 2

WIND DIESEL HYBRID Item Description Diesel

Power System

Hybrid Power System

Difference (%)

Total initial cost, SAR 32,682,488 46,744,988 43.0Total net present value (NPC), SAR

68,350,680 80,229,788 17.3

Cost of energy (COE), Halalah/kWh

28.5 33.4 17.1

O and M, SAR/yr 1,584,128 1,865,378 17.7Fuel consumption, l/yr 6,246,381 4,899,840 -21.5Fuel expenditure, SAR/yr 573,885 450,173 -21.5Genset operating hours/yr 12,822 11,171 -12.8Green house gases, tons/yr 16,892 13,251 -21.5

WIND TURBINE AT WORK IN KSA

Conclusions

• Firm Government Commitment

• Formulation of   National Policy

• Variety of Research Projects are on‐going

• Firm Plans to build Wind Farm on Red Sea  Coast

THANKS