دراسة.pdf

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5 - ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﳌﻐﺬﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺍﳌﺰﻣﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ5 - 1 ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ5 - 1 - 1 ﺧﻠﻔﻴـﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﲤﺜﻞ ﺍﳌﻐﺬﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﳉﺮﻋﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﳌﻐﺬﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﲔ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺘﺴﻖ ﺃﳖﺎﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﱵ. ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ، ﻭﺗﺘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﳔﻔﺎﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﻕ، ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ. ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻭﻗﻠﻤﺎ" ﻓﻀﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ" ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﳌﺜﻞ ﻭﺣﻴﺪﺓ. ﻟﻠﺠﺮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺄﻣﻮﻥﻄﺎﻕ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻣﻊً ﻭﺍﺗﺴﺎﻗﺎ ﺫﻟﻚ، ﻣﻦً ﻓﺒﺪﻻ ﺍﻟﱵﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻄﺎﺕ ﻣﻦﻄﺎﻕ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺎً ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻟﻸﻓﺮﺍﺩ، ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﻐﺬﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺘﺴﻖ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ. ﺃﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺸﲑ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﳉﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﲡﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﻛﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ، ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻄﺎﺕ ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺻﺤﻴﺔ ﳐﺎﻭﻑ ﺗﻨﺸﺄ ﺃﻥ ﺍﶈﺘﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ، ﻫﺬﺍ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺳﻴﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ. ﺃﻗﻞ؛ ﺣﺪ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻭﰲ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺟﺮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻬﻼﻙ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺛﻢ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻐﺬﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰً ﻗﻠﻘﺎ ﻳﺜﲑ ﺃﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ. ﺍﶈﺪﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑﻄﺎﻕ ﻋﻦ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﲑﺓﺴﺒﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻖ ﺩﻭﺍﻋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ. 5 - 1 - 2 ﺍﻷﺩﻟـﺔ ﻗـﻮﺓ ﻳﻨ ﺍﳌﺘﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﳋﻄﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪ ﺍﳋﻄﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺇﻥ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻳﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ، ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺒﻐﻲ، ﻣﺎً ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺔ، ﻫﺪﻑ ﳝﺜﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﻟﺘﺪﺧﻼﺕ ﻭﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻭﳏﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﲡﺎﺭﺏ ﻳﺘﻮﺍﻓﺮ. ﺍﳋﻄ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻣﻦ ﲠﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻰ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔﻌﺪُ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺍﳌﺮﻏﻮﺏ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﺇﱃﻨﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻚ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻓﻴﻪ. ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﻗﻮﺓ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻟﻮﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻳﲑﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡُ ﻭﺗ. ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻳﲑ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ) 1 ( ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻟﻜﻲ ﺑﺘﻌﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺍﳋﱪﺍﺀ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ، ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﻴﺜﻤﺎ ﺍﶈﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺭﺏً ﻭﻣﺘﺎﺣﺎً ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺫﻟﻚ. ﺘﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﺴﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺧﺬﺕُ ﺫﻟﻚ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻋﻼﻭﺓ69

Transcript of دراسة.pdf

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  • . 8991-0991: . HA dadkoM -8 .9051-8051 :42 ,1002 ,eraC setebaiD

    eht fo lanruoJ. . HA dadkoM -9 .0021-5911 :682 ,1002 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA

    fo lanruoJ naciremA. . CJ namnielK -01 .104-983 :821 ,8891 ,ygoloimedipE

    . IM sirraH ,CC eiwoC ,K uG -11 .5411-8311 :12 ,8991 ,eraC setebaiD. 3791-1791

    : . AN repoR -21 .3931-9831 :223 ,0002 ,lanruoJ lacideM hsitirB.

    . hsirroM -31 .12S-41S :)2 .lppuS(44 ,102 ,aigolotebaiD.

    . LM sreveiS -41 .9451-1451 :51 ,2991 ,eraC setebaiD.

    evitcepsorp a :acirfA laciport ni setebaiD. BA iawS ,L obaniK ,GD ytraLcM -51 :003 ,0991 ,lanruoJ lacideM hsitirB .sisongorp dna esruoC .II .7-1891 ,yduts

    .0111-7011 naciremA. . AG ztidloC -61

    .315-105 :231 ,0991 ,ygoloimedipE fo lanruoJ hsitirB. : . PJ srpseD -71

    .027-617 :223 ,1002 ,lanruoJ lacideM . MJ nahC -81

    .969-169 :71 ,4991 ,eraC setebaiD. . JE okyoB -91

    .174-564 :32 ,0002 ,eraC setebaiD. : .145-435 :33 ,1002 ,enicideM fo slannA. . PJ srpseD -02 setebaiD. . AK yeluAcM -12

    .254-544 :52 ,2002 ,eraC

    501

  • . J othelimouT -22 .0531-3431 :443 ,2002 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN.

    . . CW relwonK -32 .304-393 :643 ,2002 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN

    . EJ nosnaM -42 .76-36 :862 ,2991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ.

    . . MA aksirK -52 .968-368 :63 ,3991 ,aigolotebaiD

    weN. . PS hcirmleH -62 .251-741 :523 ,1991 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE

    . . . JD ttitteP -72 .826-226 :73 ,8891 ,setebaiD

    . D aelebaD -82 .1122-8022 :94 ,0002 ,setebaiD. :

    . . MJE snekseF -92 .2111-4011 :81 ,5991 ,eraC setebaiD. 02

    .879-279 :44 ,1002 ,aigolotebaiD. . S oB -03 . D tuohmorK MJE snekseF -13

    :91 ,0991 ,ygoloimedipE fo lanruoJ lanoitanretnI. )nehptuZ( : .959-359

    : . RD rekraP -23 .631-921 :85 ,3991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA.

    . . RA mosloF -33 .822-322 :54 ,6991 ,msilobateM

    . H llehtiL ,S dalbgneT ,B ybsseV -43-4401 :73 ,4991 ,aigolotebaiD. 07

    .0501

    601

  • . B ybsseV -53 .7531-3531 :34 ,4991 ,setebaiD.

    . . J noremlaS -63 .6201-9101 :37 ,1002 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA

    ( ) . AK reyeM -73 .5351-8251 :42 ,1002 ,eraC setebaiD.

    . nrooH . . MJ yooM -83 .3721-0721 :81 ,5991 ,eraC setebaiD

    . AD naP -93 .8082-2082 :69 ,5991 ,noitagitsevnI lacinilC fo lanruoJ.

    . M aputisuU -04 fo lanruoJ naciremA.

    .6131-0131 :95 ,4991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC: . B ybsseV -14

    . .202-391 :01 ,0891 ,noitagitsevnI lacinilC fo lanruoJ naeporuE

    . B ybsseV -24 .913-213 :44 ,1002 ,aigolotebaiD. UWNAK :

    . AJ llahsraM -34 .65-05 :71 ,4991 ,eraC setebaiD. .

    setebaiD. . JE reyaM -44 .9641-9541 :61 ,3991 ,eraC

    . . M omaloriGiD ,J yojevoL -54 .9711-4711 :55 ,2991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA

    .567-267 :42 ,5791 ,setebaiD. . CH lleworT -64 . J noremlaS -74

    .055-545 :02 ,7991 ,eraC setebaiD.

    701

  • . J noremlaS -84 .774-274 :772 ,7991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ.

    . AK reyeM -94 .039-129 :17 ,0002 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA.

    ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naeporuE. . J nnaM -05 .129-919 :55 ,1002

    . CRH nospmiS -15 .5-1 :1 ,1891 ,tecnaL.

    . steid citebaid fo stpecnoc gnignahc :semugel ot seniL. . J nnaM -25 .891-191 :1 ,4891 ,enicideM citebaiD

    . M ailadnahC -35 .8931-2931 :243 ,0002 ,eniciceM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN.

    . J mahceeB ,J gnidliW ,G tsorF -45 citebaiD.

    .104-793 :11 ,4991 ,enicideM . CJ dnarB -55

    .101-59 :41 ,1991 ,eraC setebaiD. . MA ellieivtnoF -65

    -444 :9 ,2991 ,enicideM citebaiD. .054

    . SMT reveloW -75 .854-154 :9 ,2991 ,enicideM citebaiD.

    : . PM nretS -85 .39-88 :61 ,0002 ,sweiveR dna hcraeseR msilobateM/setebaiD

    (.2/45A )1002 . -95

    801

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    : . SK yddeR -1

    .732-132 :5 ,2002 ,noitirtuN htlaeH cilbuP. : . MP notrehtE-sirK -2

    . 9301-4301 :301 ,1002 ,noitalucriC. lanruoJ naciremA. . LG ageV ,MS ydnurG -3

    .428-228 :74 ,8891 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo . PR knisneM ,LP kcoZ ,JM nataK -4

    .3731-8631 :)6 .lppuS(16 ,5991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA. . . BM nataK ,PR knisneM -5

    .919-119 :21 ,2991 ,sisobmorhT dna sisorelcsoiretrA. 72

    321

  • weN. . BF uH -6 .9941-1941 :733 ,7991 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE

    :85 ,0002 ,sweiveR noitirtuN. . BM nataK -7 .191-881

    . MC nemoO -8 ,tecnaL. : nehptuZ 01

    .157-647 :753 ,1002 . CW ttelliW -9

    .585-185 :143 ,3991 ,tecnaL. ,noitalucriC. . MP notrehtE-sirK -01

    .8521-3521 :001 ,9991 )3 agemo( 3- . JL nilieB ,AT iroM -11

    .71-11 :21 ,1002 ,ygolodipiL ni noinipO tnerruC . 3-n . srotagitsevni enoizneverP-ISSIG -21

    oppurG. srotagitsevni-ISSIG : )E( ,tecnaL. ocidracoiM otrafnI'llen aznevivvarpoS alled oidutS ol rep onailatI

    .554-744 :453 ,9991 3 . BF uH -31

    .798-098 :96 ,9991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA. : . A oirehcsA -41

    .09-48 :313 ,6991 ,lanruoJ lacideM hsitirB. naciremA .. : . NP snikpoH -51

    .0701-0601 :55 ,2991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ lanruoJ. . BF uH -61

    .4931-7831 :182 ,9991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo . AT nenitteiM -71

    .2131-8031 :333 ,5991 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN.

    421

  • :023 ,0002 ,lanruoJ lacideM hsitirB. . M waL -81 .468-168

    . JT annaH ,WJ nosrednA -91 .6641-7541 :921 ,9991 ,noitirtuN fo lanruoJ.

    lacinilC fo lanruoJ naeporuE. . SA llewsurT -02 .41-1 :65 ,2002 ,noitirtuN

    : . S uiL -12 .914-214 :07 ,9991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA.

    . P neniteiP -22-0272 :49 ,6991 ,noitalucriC. . .7272

    . BE mmiR -32 .154-744 :572 ,6991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ.

    . )E( . S fusuY -42 :243 ,0002 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN.

    .061-451 )FHB/CRM( . puorG evitaroballoC ydutS noitcetorP traeH -52

    : 02 635 .33-32 :063 ,2002 ,tecnaL.

    . G htimS-yevaD ,M redienhcS ,M reggE -62 .441-041 :613 ,8991 ,lanruoJ lacideM hsitirB.

    . AI rewuorB -72-99 :96 ,9991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA. :

    .401 lanruoJ naciremA. . MP dnaleU -82

    .233-423 :27 ,0002 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo

    521

  • . . O dragyN -92 ,5991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ. )dnaladroH(

    .3351-6251 :472 naciremA : . LED nekcliW ,L mortsttarB -03

    .323-513 :27 ,0002 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ. . BA nesmrottuG -13

    .205-594 :25 ,7991 ,lanoitanretnI yendiK 6 . BE mmiR -23

    ,8991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ. .463-953 :972

    : . KJ sirroM ,M waL ,SD dlaW -33 .8021-2021 :523 ,lanruoJ lacideM hsitirB.

    : . OS ileK -43 .246-736 :651 ,6991 ,enicideM lanretnI fo sevihcrA. nehptuZ

    : . LGM gotreH -53 .1101-7001 :243 ,3991 ,tecnaL. nehptuZ

    . : . GD sreveeB ,YG piL ,RC sbbiG -63 .31-9 :7 ,0002 ,ksiR ralucsavoidraC fo lanruoJ

    . JN dlaW ,DC tsorF ,RM waL -73 .428-918 :203 ,1991 ,lanruoJ lacideM hsitirB.

    . : . J othelimouT -83 .158-848 :753 ,1002 ,tecnaL

    . : . SP rednellA ,D nnamlloF ,AJ reltuC -93 .156-346 :56 ,7991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA

    . : . PJ yelgdiM -04 .7951-0951 :572 ,6991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ

    . . MJ esnjieleG -14 (1121 :92 ,7991 ,noisnetrepyH . )719-319 :92 ,7991 ,noisnetrepyH

    621

  • . AH grubneklaV ,A keorbezaH ,A namfoH -24 :052 ,3891 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ.

    .373-073 . KP notlehW -34

    . )648-938 :972 ,8991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ. (4591 :972 ,8991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ

    . . MF skcaS -44 .01-3 :443 ,1002 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN

    ,9891 ,noisnetrepyH namuH fo lanruoJ. : . GJ etroF -54 .481-971 :3

    . . GH naiT -64 .869-959 :9 ,5991 ,noisnetrepyH namuH fo lanruoJ

    . . KP notlehW -74 .2361-4261 :772 ,7991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ.

    . A oirehcsA -84 .4021-8911 :89 ,8991 ,noitalucriC.

    . . E ronnoC-tterraB ,TK wahK -94 .042-532 :613 ,7891 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN. 21

    lanoitanretnI. : . WJ selwoP ,RA sseN -05 .31-1 :62 ,7991 ,ygoloimedipE fo lanruoJ

    : . S uiL -15 .829-229 :27 ,0002 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA.

    . JK arupihsoJ -25 .9321-3321 :282 ,9991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ.

    lanruoJ. . WM namliG -35 .7111-3111 :372 ,5991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo

    )HSAD( . . JL leppA -45 .4211-7111 :633 ,8991 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN.

    721

  • . . M keabnorG ,P nnamkcraM -55-582 :35 ,9991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naeporuE.

    .095 . LM rruB -65

    .167-757 :2 ,9891 ,tecnaL. )TRAD( : : . J gnahZ -75

    .925-025 :82 ,9991 ,enicideM evitneverP. noitirtuN. . MP notrehtE-sirK -85

    .111-301 :95 ,1002 ,sweiveR sisorelcsorehtA tnerruC. . JM refpmatS ,BF uH -95

    .902-402 :1 ,9991 ,stropeR ,0002 ,noitirtuN fo lanruoJ. -06

    .117-356 :).lppuS(031 . RJ esuorC -16

    ,enicideM lanretnI fo sevihcrA. .6702-0702 :951 ,9991

    . SC konhsaW ,MB htimS ,WJ nosrednA -26 .474-464 :07 ,9991 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA.

    : . BE mmiR -36 ,9991 ,lanruoJ lacideM hsitirB(. )

    .8251-3251 :913 . A ladrevT -46

    .965-665 :003 ,0991 ,lanruoJ lacideM hsitirB. : 2991 8791 . P neniteiP -56

    .052-342 :52 ,6991 ,enicideM evitneverP.

    821

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    .345-335 :2 ,1002 ,ygolocnO tecnaL. : . R oteP ,R lloD -2

    . 9301-4301 :301 ,1002 ,noitalucriC. htlaeH latnemnorivnE. . CM telliW -3

    .071S-561S :)8 .lppuS(301 ,5991 ,sevitcepsreP CRAI )2002 . ytivitca lacisyhp dna lortnoc thgieW -4

    (.6 .loV ,snoitneverP recnaC fo skoobdnaH cifitneicS CRAI. )0991 . : -5

    (.001 .oN ,snoitacilbuP lanoitaN eht fo lanruoJ. : . ML nworB -6

    .901-401 :78 ,5991 ,setutitsnI recnaC hsitirB. : . KK gnehC -7

    .231-721 :38 ,0002 ,recnaC fo lanruoJ dna lortnoc thgieW: . -8

    recnaC fo skoobdnaH CRAI )2002 . ytivitca lacisyhp (.6 .loV ,snoitneverP

    / . : -9 .7991

    . : . L prahS -01 .0761-7661 :58 ,1002 ,recnaC fo lanruoJ hsitirB

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    931

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    (.65 .loV ,snamuH ot sksiR cinegonicraC fo noitaulavE eht no shpargonoM: )1002 . -41

    (./sisohw/tni.ohw.www//:ptth retcabocileH . puorG evitaroballoC recnaC dna retcabocileH -51

    ,1002 ,tuG .. 21 : irolyP .353-743 :94

    ,0002 ,ygoloretneortsaG fo lanruoJ. : . D illaP -61 .98S-48S )21.lppuS(53

    lacideM hsitirB. . AS mahgniB ,HJ sgnimmuG -71 .0461-6361 :713 ,8991 ,lanruoJ

    noitirtuN eht fo sgnideecorP. . EA namdraH -81 .311-701 :06 ,1002 ,yteicoS

    . R lloD ,B gnortsmrA -91 .136-716 :51 ,5791 ,recnaC fo lanruoJ lanoitanretnI.

    : . T taroN -02 .652-142 :89 ,2002 ,recnaC fo lanruoJ lanoitanretnI.

    : . RG ewoH -12 .822-512 :8 ,7991 ,lortnoC dna sesuaC recnaC. 31

    trawetS: . . K ztemnietS ,DJ rettoP -22 . noitneverpomehc fo selpicnirP .sde ,P seuhielK ,D rogerGcM ,WB

    (.931 .oN ,snoitacilbuP cifitneicS CRAI )09-16: 6991 . : . rJ RD sbocaJ -32

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    041

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    weN. . SC shcuF -52 .671-961 :043 ,9991 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE

    . . BK slehciM -62 .2571-0471 :29 ,0002 ,etutitsnI recnaC lanoitaN eht fo lanruoJ

    . A nikztahcS -72 dnalgnE weN. puorG ydutS lairT noitneverP pyloP.

    .5511-9411 :243 ,0002 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ . SD streblA -82

    . krowteN 'snaicisyhP noitneverP recnaC noloC xineohP. .2611-6511 :243 ,0002 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN

    . C ppoK-nohtinoB -92 ydutS nitasinagrO noitneverP recnaC naeporuE. :

    .6031-0031 :653 ,0002 ,tecnaL. puorG fo lanruoJ. . P yrreT -03

    .335-525 :39 ,1002 ,etutitsnI recnaC lanoitaN eht . E iccunnavoiG -13

    :78 ,5991 ,etutitsnI recnaC lanoitaN eht fo lanruoJ. .372-562

    . . AS nnylG -23 .322-412 :7 ,6991 ,lortnoC dna sesuaC recnaC

    . E iccunnavoiG -33 .425-715 :921 .8991 ,enicideM lanretnI fo slannA.

    141

  • . -43 dna htlaeH no tropeR( 8991 ,eciffO yrenoitatS ehT .

    .)84 .oN ,stcejbuS laicoS lairT noitneverP pyloP . AJ noraB -53

    -831 :988 ,9991 ,secneicS fo ymedacA kroY weN eht fo slannA.puorG ydutS .541

    eht no shpargonoM CRAI) 4991 . sesuriv sititapeH -63 (.95 .oV ,snamuH ot sksiR cinegonicraC fo noitaulavE

    : . G occaraS -73-406 :01 ,5991 ,ygolotapeH dna ygoloretneortsaG fo lanruoJ.

    .806 lanruoJ lanoitanretnI. 0002 nacobolg: . MD nikraP -83

    .651-351 :49 ,1002 ,recnaC fo fo lanruoJ. . SD duahciM -93

    .929-129 :682 ,1002 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA . HC snekenneH -04

    :433 ,6991 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN. .9411-5411

    . . SG nnemO -14 .5511-0511 :433 ,6991 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE weN

    . lorehpocoT-ahplA ehT puorG ydutS noitneverP recnaC enetoraC ateB -24 weN. )E(

    .5301-9201 :033 ,4991 ,enicideM fo lanruoJ dnalgnE ,ygolocnO tecnaL. . E sknaB ,KP olasakreV ,JT yeK -34

    .041-331 :2 ,1002 . recnaC tsaerB ni srotcaF lanomroH no puorG evitaroballoC -44

    203 03 74 :

    241

  • :063 ,2002 ,tecnaL. 69 379 05 .591-781

    : . AS renraW-htimS -54 ,8991 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ namuH fo lanruoJ.

    .045-535 :972 . FJ nagroD -64

    .517-017 :39 ,1002 ,etutitsnI recnaC lanoitaN eht fo lanruoJ. . 31S-9S :)3 .lppuS(01 ,1002 ,tsaerB. . EN nellA ,JT yeK -74 : . AS renraW-htimS -84

    -967 :582 ,1002 ,noitaicossA lacideM naciremA eht fo lanruoJ. .677

    fo lanruoJ lanoitanretnI. . A mortsgreB -94 .034-124 :19 ,1002 ,recnaC

    "desopponu" neewteb pihsnoitaler tceffe-esod ehT. CM ekiP ,JT yeK -05 dna gninialpxe ni elor lartnec sti :etar citotim lairtemodne dna snegortseo

    -502 :75 ,8891 ,recnaC fo lanruoJ hsitirB. ksir recnac lairtemodne gnitciderp .212

    . GA namruuhcS -15 .3111-7011 :08 ,9991 ,recnaC fo lanruoJ hsitirB.

    . . MJ nahC -25 .455-945 :47 ,1002 ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA

    . . SD duahciM -35 .765-755 :21 ,1002 ,lortnoC dna sesuaC recnaC

    : . PO nenonieH -45 .644-044 :09 ,8991 ,etutitsnI recnaC lanoitaN eht fo lanruoJ.

    : . CL kralC -55 .437-037 :18 ,8991 ,ygolorU fo lanruoJ hsitirB.

    341

  • . : . HJ nehoC ,RA latsirK -65 .721-421 :151 ,0002 ,ygoloimedipE fo lanruoJ naciremA

    fo lanruoJ hsitirB. . A mortsgreB -75 .099-489 :58 ,1002 ,recnaC

    0002 . . : -85 (.498 )

    441

  • 6-5 1-6-5

    . .

    . %01 % 5

    (. 1 )

    . .

    .

    (. 3 2) .

    (. 6-4)

    2-6-5

    FMD/fmd . /

    .

    % 09 (7) .

    541

  • 1.2 3.3 9.1 21 )TFMD( (.21 )

    21 .

    .

    . .

    (. 8)

    21 ) 21

    ( 21 TFMD TFMD TFMD

    8.0 8991 1.2 2891 3.9 6591 1.1 7991 0.4 2891 5.7 5791 4.2 9991 6.3 3991 9.5 5791 5.1 9991 5.4 9791 0.21 0491 8.3 6991 3.4 1991 0.5 5891 8.0 6991 7.1 0891 6.9 3691-1691

    1.1 7991-6991 4.1 3991 1.3 3891 4.1 8991 6.2 0891 6.7 6491

    1.4 6991 6.6 8791 8.2 0691 1.1-4.0 7891 3.0 2891 1.0 1791

    2.3 4991 2.3 6891 5.6 6691 0.2 5991 9.4 6791 4.2 4791

    3.3 5991 7.2 1891 2.0 2691 5.2 7991 1.5-5.2 1991 3.5 5791

    641

  • 5.2 9991 5.4 0891 6.2 0791 6.4 8991 9.2 1891 4.1 7691 4.0 3991 5.0 7891 4.0 6691

    . : TFMD .7 :

    )TFMD(

    5 . 7 5 (. 11-9)

    (. 21) 0.2 TFMD (51)( 3.4) (41)( 5.4 ) (31)( 7.4) TFMD

    (.61)( 7.4)

    . 21 44 53 8.02 4.31 8891 TFMD

    41 (. 71) . 44 53 TFMD

    (. 91) 7.5 (81) 1.2

    .

    (. 3).

    . 31

    741

  • .

    . (. 02) % 05

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    . .

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    841

  • 31

    () )%(

    +56 6 47-56 52

    +56 85 96-56 62

    47-56 91 +56 42 47-56 73

    +56 61

    +56 96

    47-56 51 +56 87

    +56 35 47-56 72 +56 14 47-56 72

    47-56 51 47-56 91 47-56 41 47-56 52 47-56 62

    47-56 44 +56 61

    +56 64

    +56 7 47-56 02

    +56 64-13

    47-56 31

    941

  • 47-56 11 +56 75

    +56 12 . 7 :

    (. 42) )euqalp(

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    . 3 TFMD> 81 . ( 82) reklaW & drawdooW

    05> 62 32 % 82 3> 21 TFMD

    .3> TFMD ( 19.0= + r) (92 )otomiroM & ikazayiM . 7891 7591 21 TFMD

    (. 23-03)

    (33 )revaeW . 9491 3491

    . .

    (43) (. 93) (83) (73) (63) (53)

    . (. 44-14) (04)

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    151

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    12 (. 12) 32 . 21

    73 . 41

    251

  • 9 4152 0791 8691 92

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    . % 68

    (. 55 45) 81 4

    81 51

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    (95 85) (75) (65) /

    (. 46) (36) (26 16) (06)

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    004 (. 76-56) 21 11

    (. 76)( 2.0= + r) 51 01 3

    . (. 66)

    351

  • (86 )relahtraM .

    (. 86)

    (. 86)

    . (. 96)

    mlohepiV .

    -07 05) . (. 27

    37) (. 47

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    (. 87-67)

    (. 28-97)

    (58) lemaJ (48 38 76 66) .

    . (. 88-68 76)

    451

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    (. 09) ( % 05+ % 05) (. 15)

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    .

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    . . % 04 % 02

    551

  • 008 (. 59)

    (. 79 69 17 33)

    (. 76 66) (86 )relahtraM

    . .

    .

    (. 89) (. 001-99)

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    .

    84 93) (. 201 101 76 15 94

    .

    651

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    (. 501-301) (. 701 601)

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    . 5.5

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    (. 111-901)

    -211) 511) (. 411 (. 611

    76) )euqalp( (. 911-711

    (. 221-021) (421 321) ( 71)

    . 3 8) (521 )TFMD

    751

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    (721 621) . . (821) (76)

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    (. 231 131) (. 031 921) (76) nnuG-gguR

    . / .

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    . .

    . .

    851

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    (.441-041) ( ) ( (.02)

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    15 92 82 62) ( 72 ) 0.1 7.0 ) (.851-151

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    -965 :4 ,1002 ,noitirtuN htlaeH cilbuP. . A mahiehS -1

    .195

    361

  • modgniK detinU eht ni htlaeh laro :yevrus htlaeh latned tludA. M ylleK -2 .0002 ,eciffO yrenoitatS ehT ,nodnoL .8991

    .7991 . : . M nehC -3

    . 2 . 56 : . GJ eleetS -4 .8991 ,eciffO yrenoitatS ehT ,nodnoL.

    . WC ssalguoD ,CW ttelliW ,JK arupihsoJ -5 .764-954 :721 ,6991 ,noitaicossA latneD naciremA eht fo lanruoJ.

    ( ) . JP nahinyoM -6 :771 ,4991 ,lanruoJ latneD hsitirB. :

    .742-342 .1002 .knaB ataD htlaeH larO labolG -7 ,B miehnegguG: . . V muleaB ,O voksrejeF -8

    ,hciruZ. . . sde ,H oripahS .9-1 :8991 ,regraK

    . 5 . JD snavE ,BN sttiP -9 latneD ytinummoC. 6991/5991

    .25-74 :41 ,7991 ,htlaeH ytinummoC. 4991-8891 . S nesluoP -01

    .582-282 :42 ,6991 ,ygoloimedipE larO dna yrtsitneD . HG spirreV ,H keebslaK ,EJ nekcnerF -11

    . 8891-3791 21 6 .032-522 :04 ,0991 ,lanruoJ latneD lanoitanretnI

    . V cibrV ,MD enalluM'O ,MT relahtraM -21 ,hcraeseR seiraC .5991 muisopmyS noonretfA yadrutaS ACRO. 5991-0991

    .552-732 :03 ,6991 . . EP nesreteP ,P suoeL -31

    .0002

    461

  • . EP nesreteP ,J ekzS -41 .061-551 :82 ,0002 ,ygoloimedipE larO dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC(. )

    . 0002 . M usuR ,EP nesreteP -51 .1002

    .

    . . ME animzuK -61 .9991

    . . de ,MD enalluM'O -71 .6991

    lanoitanretnI. . YH gnaW -81 .092-382 :25 ,2002 ,lanruoJ latneD

    . . M akaK ,EP nesreteP -91 .461-951 :94 ,9991 ,lanruoJ latneD lanoitanretnI

    . 81 4 : . A reklaW -02 .0002 ,eciffO yrenoitatS ehT ,nodnoL.

    .3991 . . JA nnuG-gguR -12 lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA. . OC uwnownE -22

    .634-034 :).lppuS(16 ,5991 ,noitirtuN. : . AW relklaF ,SR spillihP ,OC uwnownE -32

    .634-134 :32 ,2002 ,yrtsitneD ni noitacudE gniunitnoC fo muidnepmoC . : . de ,U snerA -42

    .9991 reiveslE ,AS hcaeL: . . JJ hcsoB net ,J sdnerA -52

    .11-1: 6891 LRI . . de larO dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC. . ML ynbeerS -62

    .7-1 :01 ,2891 ,ygoloimedipE ,sciteteiD dna noitirtuN fo weiveR dlroW. . ML ynbeerS -72

    .56-91 :04 ,2891

    561

  • hsitirB. 09 : . RA reklaW ,M drawdooW -82 .203-792 :671 ,4991 ,lanruoJ latneD

    lanruoJ naeporuE. . M otomiroM ,H ikazayiM -92 .854-254 :401 ,6991 ,secneicS larO fo

    . MT relahtraM -03 .832-222 :1 ,7691 ,hcraeseR seiraC.

    . M ihcuekaT -13 .754-344 :11 ,1691 ,lanruoJ latneD lanoitanretnI.

    fo lanruoJ naciremA. . FR seanngoS -23 .128-297 :57 ,8491 ,doohdlihC fo sesaesiD

    -132 :88 ,0591 ,lanruoJ latneD hsitirB. . R revaeW -33 .932

    . . T nesreffotsirK ,G gnaB -43 .444-044 :08 ,2791 ,hcraeseR latneD fo lanruoJ naivanidnacS

    ytinummoC. . B nosslO -53 .14-73 :7 ,9791 ,ygoloimedipE larO dna yrtsitneD

    latneD lanoitanretnI. . BA rogerGcaM -63 .225-615 :31 ,3691 ,lanruoJ

    :321 ,7691 ,lanruoJ latneD hsitirB. . A mahiehS -73 .841-441

    :021 ,6691 ,lanruoJ latneD hsitirB. . DR eilsmE -83 .871-761

    .ahnuC ad natsirT . JF rehsiF -93 .354-744 :521 ,8691 ,lanruoJ latneD hsitirB

    lacideM hsitirB. . JG streboR ,FI streboR -04 .61-41 :2 ,9791 ,lanruoJ

    . HJ namrueM ,H aamatruM ,K nilasaM -14 .031-621 :81 ,0991 ,ygoloimedipE larO dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC.

    661

  • dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC. . EP nesreteP -24 .143-733 :11 ,3891 ,ygoloimedipE larO

    . . T amayataK -34 .1522 :85 ,9791 ,hcraeseR latneD fo lanruoJ

    yrtsitneD ytinummoC. . ZJ esianA -44 .982-682 :6 ,8791 ,ygoloimedipE larO dna

    : . . MSH bbarC ,WE drofdarB -54 dna hcraeser ediroulf ni secnavdA .sde ,RH dleH ,A nitsuD ,LJ kciwdraH

    .323-913 :3691 ,nomagreP ,nodnoL ,noitneverp seirac latned. : . MSH bbarC ,WE drofdarB -64

    .972-372 :111 ,1691 ,lanruoJ latneD hsitirB. . JS nietsrevliS -74

    .9911-6911 :37 ,3891 ,htlaeH cilbuP fo lanruoJ naciremA ,ailartsuA ,larwoB ,esuoH doowepoH fo nerdlihc eht fo ygoloiB. R sirraH -84

    latneD fo lanruoJ(. 1691-7591) 5 . VI .9931-7831 :24 ,3691 ,hcraeseR

    . E nurbweN -94-916 :101 ,0891 ,noitaicossA latneD naciremA eht fo lanruoJ.

    .626 . mlohepiV . EB nossfatsuG -05

    atcA. 5 634 .463-232 :11 ,4591 ,acivanidnacS acigolotnodO

    . . . K olatilY ,KK nenikaM ,A niniehcS -15 atcA.

    .891-971 :43 ,6791 ,acivanidnacS acigolotnodO fo ygolocE. 0791-8691 TFMD . MS nraG -25

    .831-531 :9 ,0891 ,noitirtuN dna dooF

    761

  • . EL htanarG -35 .29-38 :21 ,8791 ,hcraeseR seiraC. 4

    . EL htanarG ,U redrhcS -45 ,3891 ,ygoloimedipE larO dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC. 3

    .113-803 :11 . I oinuaP ,PO nenonieH ,H nesuaH -55

    dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC. .701-301 :9 ,1891 ,ygoloimedipE larO

    21 . B gneP -65 .442-832 :41 ,7991 ,htlaeH latneD ytinummoC.

    atcA. 6 . EP nesreteP -75 .46-75 :05 ,2991 ,acivanidnacS acigolotnodO

    . . N ajahimanazaR ,EP nesreteP -85 .74-14 :64 ,6991 ,lanruoJ latneD lanoitanretnI

    6 . EP nesreteP -95 .7-1 :5 ,1991 ,lanruoJ latneD nacirfA. 21

    . EP nesreteP ,S imimaT-lA -06 .681-081 :84 ,8991 ,lanruoJ latneD lanoitanretnI.

    latneD hsidewS. . AL nossreP -16 .602-102 :9 ,5891 ,lanruoJ

    . KA mloH ,C skcilB - neskcetS -26 7691 : 4

    .841-341 :5 ,5991 ,yrtsitneD cirtaideaP fo lanruoJ lanoitanretnI. 2991 . EP nesreteP -36

    .201-59 :15 ,1002 ,lanruoJ latneD lanoitanretnI. -5.1 dega nerdlihc :yevruS noitirtuN dna teiD lanoitaN. J yrogerG ,K sdniH -46

    s'ytsejaM reH ,nodnoL .yevrus latned eht fo tropeR .2 .loV .sraey 5.4 .5991 ,eciffO yrenoitatS

    861

  • . L nossfatsuG ,C skcilB-neskcetS -56-581 :41 ,6891 ,ygoloimedipE larO dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC.

    .981 . AB truB -66

    .9241-2241 :76 ,8891 ,hcraeseR latneD fo lanruoJ. 504 . JA nnuG-gguR -76

    .299-389 :92 ,4891 ,ygoloiB larO fo sevihcrA. : . T relahtraM -86

    .51-3 :).lppuS(42 ,0991 ,hcraeseR seiraC .3991 .enicidem evitneverp fo ygetarts ehT. G esoR -96 . PW koorbloH -07

    :301 ,5991 ,secneicS larO fo lanruoJ naeporuE. .54-24

    latneD hsitirB. . DR tloH -17 .341-731 :071 ,1991 ,lanruoJ

    snatum succocotpertS . PW koorbloH -27 larO dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC. 4

    .592-292 :71 ,9891 ,ygoloimedipE . RH nnamelhuM ,R dimhcS ,RA enotseriF -37

    .331-821 :81 ,4891 ,hcraeseR seiraC. .R dimhcS ,P dimhcS ,GK ginK -47

    .62-31 :31 ,8691 ,ygoloiB larO fo sevihcrA. . HG spirreV ,H keebslraK -57

    .384-774 :82 ,4991 ,hcraeseR seiraC. . D dehkriB ,L htanarG ,B nidnuS -67

    larO dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC. 81 51 .08-67 :02 ,2991 ,ygoloimedipE

    961

  • 77- Bjarnason S, Finnbogason SY, Noren JG . 12 13 .Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 1989, 47: 315-

    321. 78- Hankin JH, Chung CS, Kau MC .

    : .Journal of Dental Research, 1973, 52: 1079-1086.

    79- Hefti A, Schmid R . .Caries Research, 1979, 13: 298-300.

    80- Mikx FH .Effect of Actinomyces viscosus on the establishment and sympiosis of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis on SPF rats on

    different sucrose diets. Caries Research, 1975, 9: 1-20. 81- Guggenheim B .The cariogenicity of different dietary carbohydrates

    tested on rats in relative gnotobiosis with a Streptococcus producing extracellular polysaccharide. Helvetica Odontologica Acta, 1966, 10: 101-

    113. 82- Gustafsson G . .Odontolgisk Tidskrift, 1953,

    61: 386-399. 83- Szpunar SM, Eklund SA, Burt BA .

    .Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 1995, 23: 142-146.

    84- Kleemola-Kujala E, Rasanen L . .Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 1982, 10: 224-233.

    85- Jamel HA . : .International Dental Journal, 1997, 47: 213-217.

    86- Rodrigues C, Watt RG, Sheiham A . 3 .Health

    Promotion International, 1999, 14: 329-335.

    170

  • . P senoJ-notaelC -78 ,ygoloimedipE larO dna yrtsitneD ytinummoC.

    .583-183 :21 ,4891 . AS dnulkE ,AB truB ,IA liamsI -88

    .542-142 :901 ,4891 ,noitaicossA latneD naciremA eht fo lanruoJ. ,6691 ,lanruoJ latneD hsitirB. . BD nosugreF ,NG snikneJ -98

    .774-274 :021 . G lletsorF -09

    .013-403 :52 ,1991 ,hcraeseR seiraC. omlaM : ,5991,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA. . M yenbiG -19

    ,noitirtuN lacinilC fo lanruoJ naciremA )491-871 :)1.lppuS(26 .(4751-2751 :56 ,7991

    . M gnitsreK ,W trelleH-trehciS ,U yxelA -29 lanruoJ hsitirB. DLANOD :

    .406-595 :78 ,2002 ,noitirtuN fo . JA nnuG-gguR ,JA nosmadA ,SE rehctelF -39

    :06 ,1002 ,yteicoS noitirtuN eht fo sgnideecorP. .A732-A171

    . I notlimaH-eloC -49 citeteiD hsitirB

    .tcecjorP senilediuG noitirtuN puorG noitirtuN ytinummoC noitaicossA .983-563 :04 ,6891 .noitirtuN deilppA- noitirtuN namuH

    . . -59 .(648 )4991

    . T rehcsiF ,W leznK -69 .371-661 :13 ,7991 ,hcraeseR seiraC.

    171

  • . A nnuG-gguR ,A nosmadA ,D nothgieB -79 larO fo sevihcrA. 21

    .082-172 :14 ,6991 ,ygoloiB latneD fo lanruoJ . : . S iaP AB truB -89

    .3201-7101 :56 ,1002 ,noitacudE. esaesid laro fo noitneverp ehT .de ,JJ yarruM: . . P effilctuS -99

    .77-86: 6991 atcA. . . RF rheF red nov ,P grebemrA ,TH inilleB -001

    .562-752 :93 ,1891 ,acivanidnacS acigolotnodO :57 ,0691 ,stropeR htlaeH cilbuP. . LA llessuR -101

    .327-717 ,hcraeseR latneD fo lanruoJ. . D yksnofA -201

    .16-35 :03 ,1591 morf ecnaraelc esotlam dna noitasilarenimed laroartnI. F dlovedurB -301

    .441-631 :91 ,5891 ,hcraeseR seiraC .hcrats taehw . . HT ybnerG -401

    .875-575 :821 ,0791 ,lanruoJ latneD hsitirB. larO fo sevihcrA. . HT ybnerG -501

    .03-72 :8 ,3691 ,ygoloiB eht fo lanruoJ. . HW newoB -601

    .186-776 :001 ,0891 ,noitaicossA latneD naciremA . T sediruoluoK -701

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