Oral Communication

RAZIA RAHEEM

What is oral communication?

Oral communication also know as verbal communication, is the interchange of verbal messages between sender and receiver

More time talking than writing.

Most oral communications are informal.

Some are Formal i.e. meetings, telephone -conversation, dictation, speeches, oral reports.

Need for learning oral communication skills

To help problem solvingTo resolve conflictTo influence people to work

togetherTo persuade others to be involved

in organizational goalsTo be assertive without being

aggressiveTo develop listening skillsTo be an effective negotiatorTo make proposal

Objectives of Oral Communication in Business

Oral communication is indispensible in any group or business activity.

The purpose of effective talking is to be heard and understood by the listener.

Oral communication should have the rhythm and tone of a living voice.

To achieve this quality we should use the language that is free from long winding sentences, cliches, old fashioned words and phrases.

Objectives of Oral Communication in Business

Language should have the ease of commonly used words, and short and simple sentences.

The pitch of voice should take into consideration the distance between the listener and us.

The tone should be marked by the accent of sincerity and confidence.

Characteristics of Effective Oral Communication

Consider the objective Think about the interest level of the

receiver Be sincere Use simple language, familiar words Be brief and precise Avoid vagueness and generalities Give full facts Assume nothing Use polite words and tone Cut out insulting message Say something interesting and pleasing to

the recipient Allow time to respond

Barriers to effective oral communication

The foremost barrier to oral communication is poor listening.

Listening is a psychological act affected by several factors, such as◦ Status◦ Complexes◦ Closed and all knowing mind◦ Poor retention◦ Premature evaluation and hurried

conclusions as distortions◦ Language barrier

What is Conversation Control?

The art of conversation consists in our ability to listen with concentration and reply well.

Conversation control involves skills listening and talking in a positive and meaningful way at an appropriate time.

It includes◦ Techniques of changing the direction

of conversation smoothly

◦ The ability to allow a discussion to develop along key issues in an uninterrupted way towards the desired end

Business situations requiring conversation control skills

How to sell or buy

How to negotiate

How to interview

How to participate in a meeting

How to disagree without being rude

How to protest without offending

How to compliment/praise

How to respond to personal criticism

Conversation Control

According to Charles J Margerison

– “Conversation control does not mean that you control someone’s conversation. What it does mean is that with practice you can control your own conversation, and in time be able to influence others, and encourage them to respond in a positive and relevant way”

Language of Gestures

Body language and nonverbal communication are transmitted through the eyes, face, hands, arms, legs and posture (sitting and walking)

Each individual, isolated gesture is like a word in sentence; it is difficult and isolated dangerous to interpret in and of itself.

Therefore consider the gesture in the light of everyhing else that is going on around you.

Two sides of Effective Oral Communication – Listening and Presenting

Listening – It is an important component of

conversation control.

– To be able to understand and appreciate the other person, you should allow him/her to express freely, without being interrupted, and listen carefully.

– To improve your skills of conversation control, you should know whether you are a poor or a good listener.

Two sides of Effective Oral Communication – Listening and Presenting

Be an effective presenter◦ In order to be effective presenter try

to present facts, not your opinions, keep to the point; keep the listener’s interest in mind; support your arguments with suitable examples; and ask for feedback and ans questions honestly.

◦ Make eye contact.

◦ Avoid being vague, unfocused, with little eye contact, discouraging questions, showing lack of confidence, and not getting to the point.

NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

RAZIA RAHEEM

Non VerbalCommunication

Non-verbal communication Through signs &

symbols. Non-verbal can go

without verbal communication.

Verbal can’t go without non-verbal communication.

Fear

Surprise

Happiness

Disgust

Telling a Lie

Attention

Fear or Frustration

Winning Face

Eyes gives us a definite impression about a person in front of us

Eyes which can find out the behavior

Raised Thumbs

Ok

Locked fingers (clenching)

Frustrated & is adopting negative attitude

Nonverbal communication consists of that part of a message that is not encoded in words. The nonverbalpart of the message tends to be less conscious and often reveals the sender’s feelings and preferences morespontaneously and honestly than the verbal part. If the verbal message does not match the nonverbalcommunication, people tend to believe the nonverbal message

Non Verbal Communication

Non-verbal communication includes:

– Pitch.

– Speed.

– Tone.

– Voice volume.

– Gestures.

– Facial expressions.

Non Verbal Communication

Non-verbal communication includes:

– Body posture.

– Stance.

– Proximity.

– Eye movements.

– Dress and appearance.

– Eye contact.

Four types of nonverbal messages1. Personal (to the individual)2. common to a group of people or culture3. universal (to humankind)4. unrelated to the message (random)

Personal Nonverbal Personal Nonverbal communication communication involves kinds of nonverbal behaviour that are unique to one person.The meaning is also unique to the person sending the message. For example, someone may work whiletalking, another person may work in silence. One person may laugh due to nervousness or fear, whileanother may cry.

Cultural nonverbal communication, by contrast, is characteristics of, or common to, a group of people. It islearned unconsciously by observing others in the society group. In Aboriginal culture, for example, eyecontact is less acceptable than it is European culture.

Universal nonverbal communication is behaviour that is common to humankind. It shows happiness,sadness or deep-seated feelings – for example, a smile or tears.

Unrelated nonverbal communication, such as a sneeze, is unrelated to the verbal message. It can distractfrom the verbal message, but has little effect on the meaning of the verbal part of the messag