kulturis zogadi daxasiaTeba · siRrmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZlebelia gvian...

sabaziso agrokalendariagroRonisZieba dasavleT saqarTvelo aRmosavleT saqarTvelo

niadagis ganoyiereba II-III X-XII

moxvna II-III X-XII

dadiskva-kultivacia IV III-IV

HiTilis gadargva V-VI V-VI

wamlobebi IV-X V-X

mosavlis aReba VII-XI VII-X

badrijnis gadasargavad idealuria niadagi, romelic gazafxulze adre da kargad Tbeba, kargad atarebs haersa da wyals, aqvs fxvieri struqtura da mdidaria sakvebi elementebiT.badrijnisaTvis gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi saWiroa moixnas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siRrmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZlebelia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazaf_xulze. amave arealis Warbtenian adgilebSi niadagi ZiriTadad gazafxulze ixvneba. gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. aseve aRsaniSnavia rom niadagis mulHireba xels uwyobs mosavlianobis gazrdas.

niadagis damuSaveba Tesvis wesebi da normebibadrijani ZiriTadad HiTilis gadargvis meTodiT moiyvaneba. HiTilis gamoyvana Ria gruntSi gadar-gvamde 35-50 dRiT adre iwyeba. umjobesia Tesli spe-cialurad gankuTvnil kasetebSi daiTesos. HiTilis gamoyvanis optimaluri temperaturaa 18-24°C. HiTi-lebis gadargvisas SesaZlebelia gamoyenebuli iqnas Semdegi sqemebi: kompaqturi jiSebisaTvis 90+50X20-25 sm. (57,2-71,4 aTasi mcenare 1 ha-ze), Zliermozardi jiSebi saTvis 90+50X30-40 sm. (35,7-47,6 aTasi mcenare 1 ha-ze), Zalian Zlierad mozardi jiSebisaTvis 90+50X50-70 sm. (20,0-28,6 aTasi mcenare 1 ha-ze).

kulturiszogadidaxasiaTeba

laTinuri dasaxeleba Solanum melongena Lbotanikuri ojaxi ZaRlyurZenasebTa sicocxlis xangrZlivoba erTwliani ganviTarebis optimaluri temperatura 25_30°Сhaeris optimaluri tenianoba 70-75% niadagis optimaluri tenianoba 80-85%niadagis aris optimaluri reaqcia pH 6,0-6,5kritikuli temperaturuli minimumi +0,5°Сkritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 35-38°С

kritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 41-43°С ( viTardeba nayofebis damwvroba, foTlis dawva)sasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi TavTaviani, baRHeuli da parkosani kulturebi, kombosto, xaxvi, Zirxvenebiarasasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi kartofili, badrijani, wiwaka, Tambaqo, pomidori

badrijani

gavrcelebuli perspeqtiuli jiSebi da hibridebi

gardabani aqvs kriala zedapiris mqone nayofebi. sagviano jiSia, vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 120-130 dRes (aRmocenebidan)

bostan-badrijani nayofebs axasiaTebT blagvi wvero. sagvianoa: vegetacia grZeldeba 120-130 dRe

aneti F1 hibridi gamoirHeva SedarebiT mokle savegetacio periodiT (gadargvidan mosavlis aRebamde 60-70 dRe)

almazi aqvs muqi-iisferi da cilindruli formis nayofebi. HiTilebis gadargvidan mosavlis aRebamde periodi Seadgens 60-70 dRes

gamokvebis zogadi saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze 40 tona mosavlis misaRebad

sakvebi nivTiereba Setanis norma (sufTa nivTiereba)

Setanis vada

N - azoti 307,2 kg vegetaciis periodSi gamokvebis saxiT

P - fosfori 96,0 kg 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win, danarHeni — gamokvebis saxiT

K - kaliumi 400,0 kg 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 40 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 157,0 kg. fosfori 21 kg, kaliumi 220 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

*zusti dozebis dadgena xdeba niadagis agroqimiuri analizis safuZvelze.

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mosavlis aReba da Senaxvabadrijani araerTdroulad Semodis. mokrefa iwyeba yvavilobidan 25-35 dRis Semdeg, roca nayofi jiSisaTvis damaxasiaTebel fers da formas miiRebs. periodulad, yovel 5-6 dReSi. nayofebi yunwianad iWreba - daniT an makratliT. specialur macivrebSi 1-3°С temperaturis da 90% haeris SefardebiTi tenianobis pirobebSi badrijani 20-25 dRe inaxeba.

brZola mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg mavne organizmebis winaaRmdeg qimiuri brZolis zogadi sqema

mavne obieqti Sesxurebis periodi rekomendirebuli moqmedi nivTiereba

daavadebebi (fesvis sidample) HiTilebis damuSaveba gadargvamde

propamokarb-hidroqloridi+ aluminis foseTili

daavadebebi (alternaria, anTraqno-zi, verticeliozi da sxv.)

vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT

spilenZis hidroqsidi

bordos narevi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi (bugrebi, xvatari, Trifsi da sxv.)

deltametrini

imidaklopridi

pirimifos meTili

tkipebi vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT

spiromezifeni

abameqtini

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad, wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koe-ficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 7,68 kg, fosfori 2,4 kg, kaliumi 10,0 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

brZola sarevelebis winaaRmdeg

ganviTarebis faza herbicidis tipi rekomendebuli moqmedi nivTiereba

badrijnis Ria gruntSi gadargvamde totaluri glifosati

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebibadrijnis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxor-cieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niadagis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. badrijnis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• jeradoba: 10-15 da meti• TiToeuli morwyvis saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze: wveTovani morwyvisas: 30-dan 110 m3-mde • tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: gaRivebis, aRmocene bis, yvavilobis, gadargvis da nayofebis zrda-formire bis fazebi.• morwyvis meTodi: wveTovani, an kvlebSi miSvebis meTodiT.

morwyva

kulturis zogadi daxasiaTeba

laTinuri dasaxeleba Písum sativum L.botanikuri ojaxi parkosanTa sicocxlis xangrZlivoba erTwliani

ganviTarebis optimaluri temperatura 15-20°Сhaeris optimaluri tenianoba 70-75%niadagis optimaluri tenianoba 70-80%niadagis ares optimaluri reaqcia pH 6,0-7,0kritikuli temperaturuli minimumi parkebis ganviTarebisas -2°С-dan -3°С-mdekritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 29°Сsasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi simindi, TavTaviani da bostneul-baRHeuli kulturebiarasasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi parkosnebi


niadagis ganoyiereba II-III X-XI

moxvna II-III X-XI

dadiskva-kultivacia III III-IV

daTesva III-IV III-IV

wamlobebi IV-V IV-V

mosavlis aReba VII VII

bardas dasaTesad gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, nawveralis aHeHvis an winamorbedi kulturis aRebis Semdeg, Semodgomaze oqtomber-noem-berSi, Rrmad, 27-30 sm. siRrmeze moixvneba. dasavleT saqarTveloSi niadagi moixvneba gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi an adre gazafxulze.gazafxulzeve saWiroa mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde Hatardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT. nakveTis zedapiris gas-worebis mizniT Hatardeba msubuqi motkepvna.

niadagis damuSaveba Tesvis wesebi da normebi

barda

gavrcelebuli perspeqtiuli jiSebi

dasaxeleba zogadi aRwera

uladovski 209 gamoiyeneba dablob zonaSi Semodgoma-zamTrispira warmoebisaTvis. vegetaciisxan grZlivoba Seadgens 55-58 dRes

axalqalaquri barda

saSualo vegetaciis. mosavliani, SedarebiT gvalvagamZlea. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba: 110-120 dRe

barda iTeseba mwkrivebad, saTesi manqanebiT. viwro mwkrivebad Tesvisas mwkrivebs Soris manZili 15 sm, xolo farTo mwkrivebad Tesvisas 45 sm-ia. SesaZlebe-lia ufro viwro mwkrivebad daTesva: mwkrivTa Soris 7,5 sm-is datovebiT. farTo mwkrivebad daTesvisas erT heqtarze 110-120, viwro mwkrivebad Tesvisas ki 250-270 kg. Teslia sa-Wiro.ufro sworia Tesvis normis gansazRvra farTobis erTeulze mcenareTa raodenobis mixedviT. mSral adgilebSi erT ha-ze sakmarisia 700-900 aTasi, xolo tenian pirobebSi 1,2-1,4 milioni mcenaris ganTavseba.niadagis struqturis da tenianobis koeficientis mixedviT Teslis HaTesvis siRrme 5-dan 9 sm-mdea.kargi mosavlis misaRebad aucilebelia Tesvis vade-bis dacva da saRi da granulirebuli saTesle masalis gamoyeneba. aseve karg Sedegs iZleva Tesva punqtire-buli saTesiT — uzrunvelyofs Tanabar aRmonacens.


laTinuri dasaxeleba Písum sativum L.botanikuri ojaxi parkosanTa sicocxlis xangrZlivoba erTwliani

morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niadagis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. bardas teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• morwyvis saorientacio jeradoba: 2-3 • TiToeuli morwyvis norma 1 ha-ze: 450-550 m3

• tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: Teslis gaRivebis, aRmocenebis, yvavilobis da marcvlis formirebis fazebi. • morwyvis meTodi: dawvimeba, an kvlebSi miSvebiT.

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema* **

zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad, SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT, saWiroa niadagSi Setanil iqnas azoti 45,6 kg., fosfori 24,8 kg., kaliumi 54,4 kg. sufTa nivTierebaze gadaangariSebiT.


sakvebi nivTiereba Setanis norma kg. Setanis vada

N - azoti 68,4 kg. vegetaciis periodSi gamokveba

P - fosfori 74,4 kg. mzralad moxvnis win

K - kaliumi 163,2 kg. mzralad moxvnis win

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 20 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 0 kg, fosfori 24,4 kg., kaliumi 43,2 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

*zusti dozebis dadgena xdeba niadagis agroqimiuri analizis safuZvelze.**axasiaTebs atmosferodan azotis fiqsaciis da TviTdakmayofilebis unari.


mavne obieqti Sesxurebis periodi rekomendebuli moqmedi nivTiereba

daavadebebi:Wraqi, Janga, nacari, askoqi-tozi, baqteriozi da sxv.


bordos narevi


mavnebelTa kompleqsi: cxvirgrZelebi, bardas bugri, bardas memarcvlia, bardas nayofWamia


lambda-cihalotrini

deltametrini

alfacipermetrini

qlorpirifosi

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bardas daTesvamde totaluri glifosati

naTesebis Sesxureba aRmocenebamde seleqciuri prometrini

kulturis 1-3 foTlis fazaSi seleqciuri bentazoni

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebi

bardas mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxor-cieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

mosavlis aReba da Senaxva

bardas parkebis Semosvla erTdroulad ar xdeba. qveda parkebi ufro adre mwifdeba. amitom mosavlis aReba umjobesia or fazad: jer naTesi samkaliT moiWreba, xolo gaSrobis Semdeg kombainiT gaileweba. galewvis Semdeg marcvals aSroben da aniaveben. inaxeba tomrebSi, mSral adgilas. Senaxvisas marcvlis tenianoba 14-15%-ze meti ar unda iyos.

morwyva



moxvna II-III X-XI

dadiskva-kultivacia II-III III-IV

HiTilis gadargva II-III da VII III-IIV da VII

wamlobebi III-IV da VII-IX IV-VI

mosavlis aReba V- VI da X-XI V-VI da X-XI

gazafxulze dasargavad gankuTvnili niadagi aRmo-savleT saqarTveloSi saWiroa moixnas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siRrmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZlebelia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazafxulze.gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. aseve, aRsaniSnavia rom niadagis mulHireba xels uwyobs mosavlianobis gazrdas. brokolis zafxulis bolos gadasargavad niadagi ga-dargvamde 1-2 TviT adre unda momzaddes.

niadagis damuSaveba Tesvis wesebi da normebibrokoli ZiriTadad HiTilis meTodiT moiyvaneba. HiTilebis gamosayvanad warmatebiT gamoiyeneba sa-HiTile kasetebi da specialurad momzadebuli sakve-bi substrati. saHiTiled Tesli Ria gruntSi gadarg-vamde 35-50 dRiT adre iTeseba. HiTilebis gamoyvanis optimaluri pirobebia: aRmocenebisTvis 18-20°C, xolo zrda-ganviTarebisTvis — 14-18°C. HiTilebis morwyva periodulad warmoebs, saWiroe-bis mixedviT. heqtarze dasargavad saWiro HiTilis raodenoba damokidebulia moyvanis vadebze, savegetacio peri-odis xangrZlivobaze, sakveb aresa da hibridebis zrdis siZliereze. gavrcelebulia zolebrivi dar-gva 70+50X22-35 sm. dargvis es wesi zrdis mosavliano-bas da warmoebis efeqtianobas. mcenareTa raodenoba Seadgens 50-90 aTass, 1 ha-ze.

brokoli

gavrcelebuli perspeqtiuli hibridebi

agasi F1 vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens gadargvidan 65-75 dRemde. gamoirHeva kargi Senaxvis-unarianobiT da didxans inarHunebs sasaqonlo saxes

lordi F1 gadargvidan mosavlis aRebamde vegetacia grZeldeba 60-65 dRis ganmavlobaSi. aris maRalmosavliani

monterei F1 sagviano hibridia vegetaciis periodi gadargvidan mosavlis aRebamde grZeldeba 170-175 dRe. gamZlea baqteriozisadmi.


laTinuri dasaxeleba Brassica botrytis Mill.var. cymosa Duchbotanikuri ojaxi jvarosanTasicocxlis xangrZlivoba orwlianiganviTarebis optimaluri temperatura 18-22°Chaeris optimaluri tenianoba 80-85%niadagis optimaluri tenianoba 70-75%niadagis ares optimaluri reaqcia pH 7,0-7,5kritikuli temperaturuli minimumi Tavebis formirebisas: -7-8°C kritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 35°Csasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi gogrovnebi, saadreo pomidori da kartofili, xaxvi TavTaviani da parkosani kulturebiarasasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi kombostosnairebi


sakvebi nivTiereba Setanis norma (sufTa nivTiereba)

Setanis vada

N - azoti 396,0 kg vegetaciis periodSi, gamokvebis saxiT

P - fosfori 160,0 kg 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win, danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT.


nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 40 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 196kg, fosfori 60kg, kaliumi 240 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).


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mosavlis aReba da Senaxvabrokolis mosavlis aReba SerHeviT xdeba, roca Tavebi sasurvel sidides miaRwevs. brokoli unda inaxebodes 0°C temperaturaze 98-100% fardobiTi tenianobis pirobebSi. amgvar pirobebSi brokoli 2-3 kvira SeiZleba iqnas Senaxuli. Tu SeuZlebelia Senaxvis, an transportirebis dros rekomendirebuli temperaturis an fardobiTi tenianobis uzrunvelyofa, gamoyenebuli unda iqnes yinuli SefuTvaSi. Tu temperaturis uzrunvelyofa SesaZ-lebelia, yinuli ar aris aucilebeli.


mavne obieqti Sesxurebis periodi rekomendirebuli moqmedi nivTiereba


propamokarb-hidroqloridi+ aluminis foseTili+mefenoqsami

daavadebebi (alternaria, fuzario-zi fomozi da sxv.)


bordos narevi

mankocebi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi (jvarosanTa rwyili, bugrebi, xvatari da sxv.)


lambda-cihalotrini

alfa-cipermetrini

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koe-ficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 19,8kg., fosfori 8,0kg., kaliumi 24,0 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).



Ria gruntSi daTesvamde, an HiTile-bis gadargvamde 10-15 dRiT adre

totaluri glifosati

marcvlovani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg seleqciuri tepraloqsidimi

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebibrokolis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxor-cieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niadagis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. brokolis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• jeradoba: 5-10 da meti• TiToeuli morwyvis saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze: 350-400 m3. wveTovani morwyviT 36-40 m3. • tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: gaRivebis, aRmocenebis, yvavilobis, gadargvis da Tavebis zrda-formirebis fazebi. • morwyvis meTodi: dawvimebis, wveTovani an kvlebSi miSvebis meTodiT.aRsaniSnavia rom cxel amindebSi maRalefeqturia gamagrilebeli dawvimebiT morwyva.

morwyva

Tu esparceti safari kulturis qveS iTeseba, maSin daTesva saWiroa ganxorcieldes saTesi manqaniT, ZiriTadi kulturis mwkrivebis gardigardmo. im SemTxvevaSi Tu esparcetis da safari kulturis daTesva erTdroulad gazafxulze xdeba, maSin es-parceti ZiriTad kulturis mwkrivebs Soris, rac Sei-Zleba adreul vadebSi unda daiTesos.sufTad daTesvisas esparceti mwkrivebad iTeseba sa-Tesi manqaniT 1 ha-ze 80-100 kg. HaTesvis siRrme tenian niadagSi 2-3, xolo msubuq niadagSi 4-6 sm-s Seadgens.mniSvnelovani faqtoria Tesvis vadebis dacva. espar-cetis Tesli 20°C siTbos pirobebSi Rivdeba. am dros niadagSi sakmarisi tenis maragia, rac esparcetis droul da Tanabarzomier aRmocenebas xels Seuwyobs. aseve aRsaniSnavia rom safari kulturis drouli aReba da esparcetis naTesebidan drouli gatana xels uwyobs esparcetis Semdgom ganviTarebas.

Tesvis wesebi da normebiniadagis damuSavebaesparceti iTeseba usafrod (sufTad), an safari kul-turis qveS. gazafxulze esparcetis usafrod dasaTesad gankuTvnili niadagi nawveralis aHeHvis an winamorbedi kulturis aRebis Semdeg, Semodgomaze oqtomber-noem-berSi, ixvneba Rrmad, 27-30 sm. siRrmeze. Tesvis win tardeba kultivacia 10-12sm. siRrmeze Tanmi-yolebuli dafarcxviT.nakveTis zedapiris gasworebis mizniT saWiroa ganxor-cieldes msubuqi motkepvna: igi xels Seuwyobs Tanabari aRmonacenis miRebas.naTesis aRmoceneba SesaZlebelia Seaferxos xnulis zedapirze warmoqmnilma qerqma. am SemTxvevaSi unda Ha-tardes naTesis msubuqi gadafarcxva.

sabaziso agrokalendari

agroRonisZieba dasavleT saqarTvelo aRmosavleT saqarTvelo

niadagis ganoyiereba - X-XI

moxvna - X-XI

dadiskva-kultivacia - III-IV

Tesva - III

wamlobebi - IV-IX

mosavlis aReba - V-IX

esparcetikulturis zogadi daxasiaTeba

laTinuri dasaxeleba Onobrychis Adamsbotanikuri ojaxi parkosanisicocxlis xangrZlivoba mravalwliani (TeslbrunvaSi 2-3 weli)ganviTarebis optimaluri temperatura 18-25°Chaeris optimaluri tenianoba 60-65%niadagis optimaluri tenianoba 75-80%niadagis ares optimaluri reaqcia pH 7,0-7,5kritikuli temperaturuli minimumi -15-°C-dan 20°C-mde kritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 39-40°Csasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi TavTaviani da saToxni kulturebiarasasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi parkosnebi


dasaxeleba zogadi aRwera

adgilobrivi axalqalaquri buHqis simaRle 110-115 sm-ia. 1 ha-ze iZleva 7,5 tona Tivas vegetaciis xangr-Zlivoba Seadgens 200-210 dRes

qarTuli 3 buHqis simaRle 70-120 sm-ia. 1 ha-ze iZleva 7-8 tona Tivas. vegetacia grZelde-ba 210-215 dRis ganmavlobaSi

igi teniT ikvebeba. sarwyav pirobebSi esparceti yvavilobamde 2-jer unda moirwyas 500-600 m3 erT ha-ze normiT. morwyvis wesebidan saukeTesoa dawvimebiT morwyva. sxva SemTxvevaSi morwyva miSvebiT xdeba.

morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia nia dagis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris gan-viTarebis calkeul fazebze. esparceti gvalvaamtania. urwyavebSi igi ufro met mosavals iZleva vidre ionja an samyura. misi fesvTa sistema niadagSi 3-6 metramde vrceldeba, saidanac

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zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 30,0, fosfori 11,3, kaliumi 21,0 kg. (m.n.)


sakvebi nivTiereba Setanis norma Setanis vada

N - azoti 50 kg vegetaciis periodSi gamokvebis saxiT

P - fosfori 90,4 kg mzralad moxvnis win

K - kaliumi 168,0 kg mzralad moxvnis win

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 10 tona nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa mxolod 25 kg. fosforis Setana (sufTa nivTierebebi). winamorbedi kulturis qveS.




daavadebebis kompleqsi vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT


bordos narevi

spilenZis sulfati+kalciumis hidroqsidi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi (jvarosanTa rwyili, bugrebi, xvatari da sxv.)


lambda-cihalotrini

qlorpirifosi

deltametrini



esparcetis daTesvamde totaluri glifosati

esparcetis aRmocenebis Semdeg, marcvlovani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg

seleqciuri fenoqsaprop-p-eTili

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebi

esparcetis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, parazit abreSuma-Ti Zlier dazianebuli mcenareebis nakveTidan gatana da ganadgureba. dasaTesad kondiciuri, damuSavebuli saTesle masalis gamoyeneba.

mosavlis aReba da Senaxva

pirutyvisaTvis yvelaze Zvirfasi sakvebi foTolia. misi maqsimaluri raodenoba mcenareze aris dakokrebis da yvavilobis fazaSi. am periodSi gaTibuli balaxi sasargeblo nivTierebaTa maqsimalur raodenobas Seicavs. dagvianebuli gaTibvisas bevria danakargebi.moTibuli da dawnexili balaxi umokles vadaSi gatanili unda iqnas nakveTidan, raTa xeli ar SeeSalos axali wamonazardebis ganviTarebas. ganaTibi inaxeba zvinebad.

morwyva


agroRonisZieba das. saqarTvelo aRm. saqarTvelo

niadagis ganoyiereba IV-VI X-XI

moxvna IV-VI X-XI

dadiskva-kultivacia VIII-IX III-IV, VII

Tesva sarwyavSi - VIII-IXurwyavSi - IX-X

sarwyavSi - VIII-IXurwyavSi - III-IV

wamlobebi VIII-IX, IV-IX VIII-IX, IV-IX

mosavlis aReba V-IX V-IX

gavrcelebuli jiSebi — ZiriTadi informacia

dasaxeleba zogadi aRwera periodi pirvel gaTibvamde

liuba mSrali nivTierebis saSualo mosavali 1 ha-ze 7,4 tonas Seadgens 71-74 dRe

laska mSrali nivTierebis saSualo mosavali 1 ha-ze 11,2 tonas Seadgens 71-74 dRe

rosinka mSrali nivTierebis saSualo mosavali 1 ha-ze 5,5 tonas Seadgens 71-74 dRe

ionja kulturiszogadidaxasiaTeba

laTinuridasaxeleba Medicago sativa L.botanikuriojaxi parkosani sicocxlisxangrZlivoba mravalwliani(TeslbrunvaSi2-3w.)ganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 20-25°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 65-70%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 75-80%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,5-7,0

kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -15°С-dan-20°С-mde(TovlissafarqveSuZlebs temperaturis-40°С-mdedacemas)kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 39-40°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi simindi,Warxali,kartofili,TavTavianida baRHeulikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi parkosanikulturebi

Tesvis wesebi da normebi iTeseba balaxis saTesi specialuri manqanebiT. vi-wro mwkrivebad. sarwyav pirobebSi erT ha-ze iTeseba 5-6 miloni (12-14 kg) Tesli. urwyav pirobebSi — 7-8 milioni (14-16 kg). Teslis HaTesvis siRrme 2-3 sm-ia. ufro Rrmad daTesva, 4-5 sm, dasaSvebia mxolod Zlier msubuq niadagebze.maRali raodenobrivi da xarisxobrivi maHveneblebis mqone mosavlis misaRebad aucilebelia Tesvis vadeb-is dacva: aRmosavleT saqarTvelos sarwyav pirobebSi 1 agvistodan 30 seqtembramde, urwyavebSi ki — 10 mar-tidan pirvel aprilamde unda daiTesos. dasavleT saqarTvelos sarwyav dablob zonebSi ionja 20 agvistodan 20 seqtembramde, xolo urwyav adgilebSi — 20 seqtembridan 10 oqtombramde unda daiTesos. aseve aucilebelia saRi, granulirebuli saTesle masalis gamoyeneba.

niadagis damuSavebaionjas gazafxulze dasaTesad gankuTvnili niadagi nawveralis aHeHvis, an winamorbedi kulturis aReb-is Semdeg, Semodgomaze oqtomber-noemberSi, 27-30 sm. siRrmeze moixvneba. gazafxulze daTesvis win Hatardeba kultivacia 10- 12 sm. siRrmeze Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.ionja SesaZlebelia daiTesos agvisto-seqtemberSi. am SemTxvevaSi saWiroa niadagi moixnas winamorbedis aRebisTanave, xnuli daiSalos da moswordes. zeda-piris gasworebis mizniT tardeba msubuqi motkepvna. es xels uwyobs Tanabari aRmonacenis miRebas. naTe-sis aRmoceneba SesaZlebelia Seaferxos xnulis zeda-pirze warmoqmnilma qerqma. am SemTxvevaSi saWiroa na-Tesis msubuqi gadafarcxva.

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. ionjis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• morwyvis saorientacio jeradoba: 5-6

pirveli gaTibva sasurvelia Sesruldes niadagis zedapiridan 5-6 sm simaRleze. ganaTibi Rvareulebad iyreba. gaSrobis Semdeg wnexamkrefiT iwnexeba.moTibuli da dawnexili balaxi umokles vadaSi gata-nili unda iqnas nakveTidan, raTa xeli ar SeeSalos axali wamonazardebis ganviTarebas. ganaTibi inaxeba zvinebad.

mosavlis aReba/SenaxvapirutyvisaTvis mTavari sakvebi ionjis foTo-lia. misi maqsimaluri raodenoba mcenareze aris dakokre bis da yvavilobis fazebSi. am periodSi gaTi-buli ba laxi sasargeblo nivTierebaTa maqsimalur raodenobas Seicavs. dagvianebuli gaTibvisas bevria danakargebi.

ionjas ganoyierebis saorientacio sistema erT ha-ze 15 tona Tivis misaRebad


N - azoti 282 kg vegetaciis periodSi gamokveba

P - fosfori 218 kg mzralad moxvnis win

K - kaliumi 630 kg mzralad moxvnis win

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 20 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 8kg, fosfori 120kg, kaliumi 408 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi)

*zusti dozebis dadgena xdeba niadagis agroqimiuri analizis safuZvelze. aseve mosavlis gazrdis mizniT yoveli gaTibvisas saWiroa fosfor-kaliumiani sasuqebiT gamokveba.**axasiaTebs atmosferodan azotis fiqsaciis da TviTdakmayofilebis unari.


ganviTarebis faza herbicidis tipi rekomendirebuli moqmedi nivTiereba

ionjas daTesvamde totaluri glifosati

aRmocenebis Semdeg marcvlo-vani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg


tepraloqsidimi

mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqni-kuri RonisZiebebia: swori Teslbrunva, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

brZola mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg mavne organizmebis winaaRmdeg qimiuri brZolis zogadi sqemamavne obieqti pesticidis tipi rekomendebuli moqmedi nivTiereba

nacari, Wraqi, traqeomikozi da sxv. daavadebebis kompleqsi

fungicidi spilenZis sulfati+kalciumis hidroqsidi


mavnebelTa kompleqsi inseqticidi qlorpirifosi

lambda-cihalotrini


zogadiinformacia: yoveli 1 tona Tivis misaRebad SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 36,0kg, fosfori 11,3kg. kaliumi 35,2 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi)

• transpiraciis koeficienti: 700-900 • tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: Teslis gaRivebis,

aRmocenebis, gaTibvis da gaTibvis Semdgomi peri-odebi.

• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimeba, an kvlebSi miSvebiT.

morwyva




moxvna II-III X-XI

dadiskva-kultivacia II-III, mTaSi IV-V III-IV, mTaSi IV-V

dargva II-III, mTaSi V-VI III-IV, mTaSi V-VI

wamlobebi IV-VII, mTaSi VI-IX IV-VIII, mTaSi VI-IX

mosavlis aReba VII-VIII, mTaSi IX-X VIII-IX, mTaSi IX-X


estrela maRalmosavliania, rezistentuli daavadebis mimarT. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 120-122 dRes

labadia maRalmosavliani, saSualo periodis jiSia aqvs kargi sasaqonlo Sesaxedaobis tuberebi. vegetacia grZeldeba 110-112 dRe

mesxuri wiTeli saSualod-sagviano, maRalmosavliani da daavadebebis mimarT rezistentuli jiSia. veg-etacia grZeldeba 110-120 dRis ganmavlobaSi

pikaso maRalmosavliani jiSi, axasiaTebs mowiTalo-vardisferi wertilebi tuberze. sagvianoa, misi vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 125-140 dRes

Tesvis wesebi da normebi kartofili xeliT, an specialuri dasargavi manqaniT irgveba. gavrcelebulia mwkrivad dargva: 70-75 sm. mwkrivebs da 25-35 sm. tuberebs Soris daSorebiT. mcire farTobebze miRebulia budobrivi rgva, 50X50 sm-ze. dargvis siRrme mSral msubuq niadagebze 12-14 sm, xolo tenian da SedarebiT mZime niadagebze 10-12 sm-ia. erT ha-ze saSualod saWiroa 2,5-3,5 tona tuberi, ma-siT 50-70 grami.

niadagis damuSavebakartofilis dasargavad idealuria niadagi, rome-lic gazafxulze adre da kargad Tbeba, kargad atarebs haersa da wyals, aqvs fxvieri struqtura da mdidaria sakvebiT.dasargavad gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqar-TveloSi saWiroa moixnas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siRr-meze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZle-belia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazafxulze.gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva.

kartofilikulturis zogadi daxasiaTeba

laTinuri dasaxeleba Solanum tuberosum L.botanikuri ojaxi ZaRlyurZenasebrTa sicocxlis xangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebis optimaluri temperatura 16-18°Chaeris optimaluri tenianoba 70-75%niadagis optimaluri tenianoba 80-90% (tuberebis formirebisas)niadagis ares optimaluri reaqcia pH 4,5-6,5kritikuli temperaturuli minimumi -1°Сkritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 40°Сsasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi TavTaviani, samarcvele parkosani da baRHeuli kulturebi, kombosto, kitri, xaxviarasasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi pomidori, kartofili, Tambaqo, badrijani, wiwaka

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. kartofilis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• jeradoba: 3-5

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvakartofilis mosavlis aReba tuberebis Semosvlis mixedviT xdeba. kartofilis tuberi asaRebad mzadaa, roca mas kani kargad aqvs gamagrebuli da xeliT advilad ar scildeba. aReba umjobesia dawyebuli iqnas mwvane masis Sexmobidan 3-5 dRis Semdeg. zogjer kartofilis foTlebi gvianobamde mwvaned rHeba. am SemTxvevaSi mimarTaven gadaTibvas. axlad aRebuli tuberebi mzeze gaSrobis, gadarHeva-daxarisxebis Semdeg sacavSi Seinaxeba Senaxvis opti maluri pirobebia; temperatura 2-6°C, haeris Sefar debiTi tenianoba: 85-90%.


sakvebi nivTiereba Setanis normasufTa nivTiereba

Setanis vada


P - fosfori 140,0 kg 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win, danarHeni — gamokvebis saxiT.

K - kaliumi 404,0 kg 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT.

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 30 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWi roa: azoti 42 kg, fosfori 65 kg, kaliumi 224 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi)




yvela tipis sarevela - kartofi lis dargvamde, an aRmocenebamde

totaluri glifosati

erTwliani da mravalwliani marcvlova ni sarevelebi

seleqciuri tepraloqsidimi

orlebniani da erTlebniani sare velebi seleqciuri metribuzini



mavnebel-daavadebebis kompleqsi (rizo-qtoniozi, qeci, maisis xoWo, kolorados xoWo da sxv.)

sargavi masalis Sewamvla dargvamde

imidaklopridi + pencikuroni

daavadebebis kompleqsi (fitoftora, alternaria, makrosporiozi da sxv.)


fenamidoni+propamokarb-hidroqsidi

bordos narevi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi (kolorados xoWo, HrHili, virus mtareblebi da sxv.)


deltametrini

imidaklopridi

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*

zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad, SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 4,8 kg., fosfori 3,5 kg., kaliumi 10,1 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebikartofilis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcie-leba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

• TiToeuli morwyvis saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze: 700-800 m3 (kvalSi miSvebiT)

• tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: yvavilobis periodi.• morwyvis meTodi: wveTovani, an kvlebSi miSvebis

meTodiT.

morwyva




moxvna II-III X-XII

dadiskva-kultivacia III-IV III-IV

HiTilis gadargva/daTesva V-VII V-VIII

wamlobebi V-VIII V-VIII

mosavlis aReba VI-VIII VI-VIII


muxranuli sagviano jiSia, vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 80-85 dRes. gamoirHeva kargi gemuri Tvise-bebiT

gilanuri sasalaTe sagviano jiSia, Ria-mwvane feris. vegetacia grZeldeba 75-85 dRis ganmavlobaSi

aiaksi F 1 sakonservo daniSnulebis maRalmosavliani hibridi

SuSa kitri sasalaTe jiSia. saukeTeso gemuri TvisebebiT. Ria-mwvane feris. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba — 70-80 dRe

kitrikulturis zogadi daxasiaTeba

laTinuri dasaxeleba Cucumis sativus L.botanikuri ojaxi gogrovnebi sicocxlis xangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebis optimaluri temperatura 25-30°Chaeris optimaluri tenianoba 90-95%niadagis optimaluri tenianoba 85-95% niadagis ares optimaluri reaqcia pH 6,0-7,0kritikuli temperaturuli minimumi 0°Сkritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 35°Сsasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi simindi, TavTaviani, parkosani kulturebiarasasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi kitri, baRHeuli kulturebi

Tesvis wesebi da normebi kitris Ria gruntSi dasvis an HiTilis gadargvisas igi mwkrivad iTeseba. mwkrivTa Soris manZili grZel-bardiani jiSebisasTvis 90-100, xolo moklebardiani jiSebis da hibridebisaTvis 70-75, sm-ia. mcenareebs Soris manZili 15-20 sm-iT ganisazRvreba. mcenareebs Soris manZilis SemWidroeba samrewvelo daniSnuleb-is hibridebisaTvis dasaSvebia 10-12 sm-mde. kitri SesaZ lebelia daTesos budobrivadac. budnebs Soris 70X70 sm. daSorebiT. budnaSi rHeba 4 kargad ganvi-Tarebuli mcenare.Tesvis norma mcenareebis zrdis siZlierebis da da-Tesvis sqemis mixedviT saSualod 4-6 kg-ia erT ha-ze. HaTesvis siRrme msubuq niadagebze, mSral adgilebSi 5, xolo ufro tenian da mZime niadagebze 2,5-3 sm-s Se-adgenskitris HiTilis meTodiT warmoeba ufro gavrce-lebuli wesia. saSualod erT ha-ze irgveba 35-45 aTasi mcenare. HiTilis gamoyvana Ria gruntSi gadargvamde 20-25 dRiT adre daiwyeba. umjobesia Tesli specia-lurad gankuTvnil kasetebSi daiTesos.

niadagis damuSavebakitrisaTvis gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqar-TveloSi saWiroa moixnas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siR-rmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZ-lebelia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazafxulze. am arealis Warbtenian niadagebze moxvna gazafxulze unda ganxorcieldes.gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. aseve niadagis mulHireba xels uwyobs mosavlianobis gazrdas.

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. kitris teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• jeradoba: 10-15 da meti

• norma 1 ha-ze: 400-500 m3, wveTovani morwyviT: 40-50 m3

• tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: vegetaciis yvela etapi

• morwyvis meTodi: wveTovani, an kvlebSi miSvebis meTodiT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvakitrs iReben teqnikuri simwifis fazaSi. igi periodulad, yoveldRe an dRegamoSvebiT ikrifeba. nayofebis mokrefis dayovneba amcirebs mosavlianobas da auaresebs xarisxs. krefa rekomendirebulia dilis saaTebSi. mokrefa xdeba xeliT, frTxilad buHqis dazianebis gareSe. did farTobebze mokrefa xdeba xeliT, traqtorze dakidebuli specialuri platformis gamoyenebiT. plat-formis neli svlisas masze mwoliare muSebi krefen kitris nayofebs. mokrefili nayofebi moZravi xaziT manqanis Zaraze iyreba. platforma nakveTSi specialurad datovebul gzebze moZraobs. kitris Senaxvis rekomendirebuli temperaturaa 10- 12.5°C. 95% fardobiTi tenianobis pirobebSi Senaxvis vada Hveulebriv < 14 dRea. amis Semdeg vizualuri da sensoruli xarisxi swrafad uaresdeba.



N - azoti 132,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba vegetaciis periodSi gamokvebis saxiT

P - fosfori 128,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win, danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT

K - kaliumi 220,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 30 tona nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 15 kg, fosfori 85 kg, kaliumi 95 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi)




yvela tipis sarevela - kitris gadargvamde, an daTesvamde

totaluri glifosati

vegetaciis periodSi marcvlovani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg

seleqciuri tepraloqsidimi



fesvis sidampleebi HiTilebis Sewamvla gadargvamde

propamokarb-hidroqloridi + aluminis foseTili

daavadebebis kompleqsi (perenosporozi, baqteriuli daavadebebi da sxv.)


bordos narevi

mankocebi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi (xvatari, HrHili, bugrebi, da sxv.)

flubendiamidi

imidaklopridi

tkipebi spiromezifeni


zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 3,3 kg., fosfori 3,2 kg., kaliumi 5,5 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebikitris mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agro-teqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

morwyva




moxvna II-III X-XI


HiTilis gadargva II-III IV-V

wamlobebi VI-VII IV-X

mosavlis aReba VI-VIII X-XI


xarigula saSualod-saadreo jiSia. misi vegetaciis periodi Seadgens 75-110 dRes. dargva SesaZlebelia zamTrispira periodSi

likani gamoirHeva kargi SenaxvisunarianobiT. saSualod-sagviano jiSia da misi vegetaciis gangrZli-voba aris 155-165 dRe

atria F 1 saSualod-saadreo jiSia. vegetaciis periodi gadargvidan Seadgens 120 dRes . inaxeba 6 Tvem-de vadis ganmavlobaSi.

ankoma F1 inaxeba xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi. saSualod-saadreoa. vegetaciis periodi - gadar-gvidan 110-120 dRe

saratoga F1 gamoirHeva daavadebebisadmi gamZleobiT. vegetaciis periodi grZeldeba 147 dRis ganmav-lobaSi.

kombosto kulturiszogadidaxasiaTeba

laTinuridasaxeleba Brassica capitata List.botanikuriojaxi jvarosanTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba orwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 15-18°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 75-90%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 60-80%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 7,0-7,5kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -8°С (Tavebisformirebisas)kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 35°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi mravalwlianibalaxebi,kartofili,kitri,TavTaviani, parkosanikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi kombostosnairebi

Tesvis wesebi da normebi kombosto ZiriTadad HiTilis meTodiT moiyvaneba, Tumca misi moyvana uSualod Ria gruntSi TesviTac aris Se-saZlebeli, saTesi manqanebiT mwkrivebs Soris 70, xolo mcenareebs Soris 50-60 sm. daSorebiT. HaTesvis siRrme mSral raionebSi 2,5-3, xolo tenian adgi lebSi 1,5-2 sm-ia. 1 ha-ze 1,2-2,0 kg. Teslia saWiro.HiTilebis gamosayvanad warmatebiT gamoiyeneba saHi Tile kasetebi da specialurad momzadebuli sakvebi sub-strati.saHiTiled Tesli kasetebSi Ria gruntSi gadargvamde 25-30 dRiT adre iTeseba. HiTilebis gamoyvanis optimaluri pirobebia: aRmocenebisTvis 18-20°C, xolo zrda-ganviTarebisTvis 14-18°C. mcenaris aRmocenebas mniSvnelovnad aumjobesebs Teslis 20 wuTis ganmavlobaSi 48-49°C-ze gacxelebul wyalSi moTavseba.erT ha-ze dasargavad saWiro HiTilis raodenoba damokidebulia moyvanis vadebze, savegetacio periodsa da jiSebis/hibridebis zrdis siZliereze. gamomdinare aqedan mcenareTa raodenoba meryeobs 16-60 aTasi Ziris far-glebSi.

niadagis damuSavebakombostosaTvis gankuTvnili niadagi aRmo-savleT saqarTveloSi saWiroa moixnas Se-modgomaze, 25-30 sm. siRrmeze. xolo dasav-leT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZlebelia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazafxulze. am arealis Warbtenian niadagebze moxvna gazafxulze unda ganxorcieldes.gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina da-muSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafar-cxviT.kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. aseve niada-gis mulHireba xels uwyobs mosavlianobis gazrdas.

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. kombostos teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• jeradoba: 10-15 da meti

• mTliani norma 1 ha-ze: saadreo kombosto: 2200-3000 m3. sagviano - 4500-5000 m3

• tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: vegetaciis yvela etapi.

• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimebiT, wveTovani, an kv-lebSi miSvebis meTodiT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvakombostos mosavlis aReba SerHeviT xdeba, Tavebis Semosvlis da gamoyenebis mixedviT, yovel 5-10 dReSi erTxel. Tavebs Wrian daniT, an sxv. saSualebebiT, 3-4 mfaravi foTlis miyolebiT. Tavebis moWris da gamotanis dros saWi roa sifrTxile. sagviano kombostos dagvianebiT aReba miuRebelia -4; -5°C yinvaze ufro dabal tepera-turaze. aseT SemTxvevaSi moxvedrili, agreTve dazianebuli, Tavebi cudad Seinaxeba. xangrZlivi SenaxvisaTvis gankuTvnili produqcia macivrebSi gadaaqvT. am dros Senaxvisas optimaluria -1-dan +1°C-mde temperatura da 90-95% haeris SefardebiTi tenianoba.




P - fosfori 384,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win, danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT

K - kaliumi 720,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 30 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 334 kg, fosfori 309 kg, kaliumi 540 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi)




yvela tipis sarevela —kombostos gadargvamde, an daTesvamde

totaluri glifosati

vegetaciis periodSi, marcvlovani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg




fesvis sidampleebi HiTilebis Sewamvla gadargvamde


daavadebebis kompleqsi (Wraqi, fomozi da sxv.)



mankocebi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi (xvatari, TeTru-la da sxv.)


flubendiamidi

alfa-cipermetrini

deltametrini


zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 6,05 kg., fosfori 4,8 kg., kaliumi 9,0 kg., (sufTa nivTierebebi).

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebikombostos mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorciel-eba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

morwyva


canava 3 vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 85-dan 100 dRemde. saSualo mosavlianoba aris 1,3-1,7 t/ha-ze

Hitikvercxa vegetacia grZeldeba 125-130 dRis ganmavlobaSi mosavlianoba - 1,4-2,0 t/ha-ze. gamoi-yeneba nedli saxiT, sakonservod da marcvlad

wiTeli 41 saadreo jiSia, vegetacias asrulebs 65-75 dReSi, xolo mosavlianoba ki Seadgens 1,5-1,9 tonas 1 ha-ze

wiTladWreli vegetacia grZeldeba 85-90 dRe. mosavali 2 tonamdea 1 ha-ze

mindvris lobio vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 85-110 dRes. idealuria simindSi SesaTesad. 1 ha-ze iZleva 1,2-1,5 tona mosavals

lobio kulturiszogadidaxasiaTeba

laTinuridasaxeleba Phaseolus vulgarisbotanikuriojaxi parkosanTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 22±7°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-65%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-75%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,5-7,0kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -10°С kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 29°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi saSemodgomoxorbalida qeri,simindi,baRHeulikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi parkosnebi




moxvna II-III X-XI

dadiskva-kultivacia III-IV IV

daTesva IV-V IV-V

naTesis movla (wamlobebi, gamokveba, irigacia da sxv.) V-VI V-VI

mosavlis aReba VIII-IX VIII-IX

(1 m2-ze 25 mcenare) mcenaris ganTavseba. sufTad daTesvisas, Teslis zomis da kvebis ares mixedviT, sa-Wiroa 70-80 an 100-120 kg. Tesli, HaTesvis siRrme mZime niada gebze 3-4 sm, xolo msubuqi Sedgenilobis niadag-ze 5-6 sm-ia. Tesva umjobesia punqtirebuli saTesebis gamoyenebiT, rac uzrunvelyofs Tanabar aRmonacens. aRsaniSnavia rom xarisxiani mosavlis misaRebad au-cilebelia sertificirebuli da saRi saTesle masa-lis gamoyeneba.gavrcelebuli wesia lobios SeTesva simindTan. am dros 1 ha-ze sakmarisia 7-8 kg. Tesli. lobios daTes-vis saukeTeso droa, roca niadagi 10 sm. siRrmeze 10-12°С-mde gaTbeba.mosavlis raodenobasa da xarisxze mniSvnelovan gav-lenas axdens kulturaTa monacvleobis dacva da swori winamorbedi kulturis SerHeva.

niadagis damuSavebadasaTesad gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqarT-veloSi saWiroa moixnas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siR-rmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna Sesa-Zlebelia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazafxulze.gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.

Tesvis wesebi da normebi iTeseba mwkrivebad. manZili mwkrivebs Soris 60, xolo mcenareebs Soris 12-15 sm-ia. aseve mimarTaven zole-briv Tesvasac. zolebs Soris 60-70 sm, xolo zolSi mwkrivebs Soris 15 sm. karg Sedegebs iZleva mwkrivebs Soris 45 sm. manZiliT daSoreba da 1 ha-ze 250 aTasi

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. lobios teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• jeradoba: 4-5

• morwyvis sruli norma 1 ha-ze: 2000-3000 m3 • tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: gaRivebis, aRmoce-

nebis, yvavilobis da marcvlebis formirebis fazebi.

• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimebis, wveTovani an kvleb-Si miSvebis meTodiT

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvamosavlis aReba xdeba parkebis gayviTlebis da marcvlebis gamagrebis fazaSi. dilis saaTebSi, roca mcenare na-miania. sicxeSi aRebisas parkebi skdeba da lobios marcvali advilad gamoibneva parkebidan. mosavlis aReba warmoebs xeliT, an meqanizirebulad. Senaxvamde marcvals aSroben da aniaveben.




P - fosfori 18,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba mzralad moxvnis win

K - kaliumi 32,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba mzralad moxvnis win

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 10 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi mine ra luri sasuqebis Setana saWiroebas ar warmoadgens.




kulturis daTesvamde totaluri glifosati

aRmocenebamde: orlebniani sarevelebi seleqciuri prometrini

aRmocenebis Semdeg marcvlovani sarevelebi seleqciuri fenoqsaprop-p-eTili

brZola mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg mavnebel-daavadebebis winaaRmdeg qimiuri brZolis zogadi sqema


daavadebebi 2-3 namdvili foTlis fazidan marcvlebis simwifemde


mavneblebi deltametrini

qlorpirifosi


abameqtini

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema* **zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa niadagSi Setanili iqnas azoti 15,6 kg, fosfori 9,0 kg, kaliumi 16,0 kg. sufTa nivTierebebze gadaangariSebiT.

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebilobios mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agro-teqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

morwyva

Senaxvis optimaluri pirobebimSrali lobios (marcvlis) Senaxva mwvane lobios (parki) Senaxva

optimaluri tenianoba: 40-50% optimaluri tenianoba: 95-100%

optimaluri temperatura: 4-10°С optimaluri temperatura: 5-7.5°С

mocemul pirobebSi inaxeba 6-10 Tve mocemul pirobebSi inaxeba 8-12 dRe


donis 60 sagviano jiSia. mosavali saSualod Seadgens 2-3,5 tonas 1 ha-ze. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 120-125 dRes

jiSi AS 34102 sazeTe mimarTulebis sagviano jiSi. vegetacia grZeldeba 125-130 dRe

jiSi 34111 sazeTe mimarTulebis sagviano jiSi. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba: 125-130 dRe

mzesumzira kulturiszogadidaxasiaTeba

laTinuridasaxeleba Helianthus annus Lbotanikuriojaxi rTulyvavilovani sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 20-25°C

haerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-65%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-75%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,0-7,0kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -8°С-dan-10°С-mde kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 40°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi saSemodgomoTavTavianidasamarcvleparkosanikulturebi,simindiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi mravalwlianibalaxebi,SaqrisWarxali



niadagis ganoyiereba — X-XI

moxvna — X-XI

dadiskva-kultivacia — II-III

daTesva — III-IV

wamlobebi — III-IV

mosavlis aReba — VII-VIII

unaris mqone Tesli. dasaTesi Teslis siwmide 97-98, xolo gaRivebis energia 90%-ze dabali ar unda iyos.msxvili Teslis daTesva (1000 Teslis masa aris 80-85 gr.) 300 kg-iT zrdis mosavlianobas.mzesumziras Tesva warmoebs saTesi manqanebiT. iTese-ba mwkrivad an kvadratul budobrivad. mwkrivebs da budnebs Soris 70 sm-is daSorebiT. budobrivad daTesvisas budnaSi 2-3 mcenare darHeba. mwkrivad daTesvisas mcenareebs Soris manZili 30 sm-s Seadgens.kvadratul-budobrivi Tesvisas 1 ha-ze 10-12, xolo mwkrivad Tesvisas 16-20 kg. Tesli iTeseba.HaTesvis siRrme damokidebulia niadagis Tvisebebsa da tenianobaze. tenian pirobebSi mzesumzira 6-7sm-is, xolo mSral pirobebSi 8-10 sm. siRrmeze iTeseba.maRalefeqturia naTesebis motkepvna. igi xels Seuw-yobs naTesis Tanabarzomier ganviTarebas da daicavs qarismieri eroziisgan.

niadagis damuSavebamzesumzirasaTvis niadagis damuSavebis sistema damo-kidebulia adgilobriv pirobebze da winamorbed kulturebze. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu nakveTi dasarevlianebulia, unda Hatardes aHeHva. niadagi gafxvierdes 10-12-sm, xolo Semdeg moixnas Rrmad 30-32 sm siRrmeze, mzralad.tenis SenarHunebis mizniT adre gazafxulze xnuli daifarcxeba, xolo daTesvis win Hatardeba kultiva-cia Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.

Tesvis wesebi da normebi vinaidan mzesumzira saqarTveloSi ZiriTadad urwya-vebSi iTeseba, gaRivebisa da aRmocenebisaTvis igi didi raodenobiT tens moiTxovs, amitom mzesumzira rac SeiZleba adreul vadebSi unda daiTesos. dasaTesad saukeTesoa msxvili, Tanabari da maRali aRmocene bis

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. mzesumziris teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• jeradoba: 3

• erTiani norma 1 ha-ze: 1800-2100 m3 • tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: Teslis gaRivebis,

aRmocenebis, yvavilobis da kalaTebis formire-bis periodebi.

• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimeba, an kvlebSi miSvebis meTodiT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvagavrcelebuli wesia mosavlis aReba marcvlis asaRebi kombainiT. aReba iwyeba maSin, roca kalaTebis 50-70% ga yviTldeba da Sexmeba.kalaTebidan marcvalis gamolewvis Semdeg mosavali kaloze gadaaqvT. aq aSroben da aniaveben, ris Semdegac marcvlis tenianoba 12%-ze, xolo maRalzeTiani jiSebSi 7%-ze meti ar unda iyos. gamSrali marcvali tomrebiT inaxeba mRrRnelebisgan dacul, mSral adgilas.






nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 20 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi, saWi roa: azoti 44 kg, fosfori 54 kg, kaliumi 476 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).




yvela tipis sarevela - daTesvamde totaluri glifosati

vegetaciis periodSi orlebniani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg

seleqciuri prometrini


seleqciuri fluazitop-p-buTili

brZola mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg mavnebel-daavadebebis winaaRmdeg qimiuri brZolis zogadi sqemamavne obieqti Sesxurebis periodi rekomendebuli moqmedi nivTiereba

daavadebebis kompleqsi vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT

propinebi

mankocebi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi deltametrini

qlorpirifosi

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad, SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 72,0 kg. fosfori 52,0 kg. kaliumi 298,0 kg. sufTa nivTierebebi. (kaliumi 90%-mde anarHenebis saxiT min-dorSi rHeba).

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebimzesumziras mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcie-leba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

morwyva

muxudos jiSebi

saqarTveloSi muxudos jiSebis/hibridebis realizacia da aprobacia mecnieruli, an sawarmoo daniSnulebi-saTvis TiTqmis ar xdeba. post-sabWoTa qveynebSi gavrcelebuli, standartebis Sesabamisad sertificirebuli jiSebidan aRsaniSnavia "privo 1", "РС1", "sovxozni 14" da "saiubileo", romlebic gamoirHevian rogorc maRalmosavlianobiT, aseve mdgradobiT mavne organizmebTan mimarTebaSi. saqarTveloSi registrirebulia ori jiSi: “aragvi” da “sarkineTi”. maTi saSualo mosavlianoba, swori movlis pirobebSi, ganisazRvreboda 1,6-1,9 toniT erT ha-ze.

muxudo kulturiszogadidaxasiaTeba

laTinuridasaxeleba Cicer arietinumbotanikuriojaxi parkosanTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 24-28°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-65%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-75%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 7,5-8,0kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -8°С-dan-11°С-mde kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 30°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi saSemodgomoTavTavianebi,simindi,baRHeulikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi parkosnebi



niadagis ganoyiereba III X-XI

moxvna III X-XI

dadiskva-kultivacia IV IV

daTesva IV IV

wamlobebi V-VI V-VI

mosavlis aReba VII VII

Tesvis wesebi da normebi muxudo iTeseba farTo mwkrivad. manZilebi mwkrivebs Soris 45 sm-ia. daTesva SesaZlebelia zolebrivadac: zolebs Soris 45, xolo zolSi mwkrivebs Soris 15 sm. daSorebiT. kvebis ares da saTesle masalis simsxos mixedviT erT ha-ze 80-200 kg. Tesli iTeseba, rac uzrunvelyofs 500-700 aTasi mcenares erT ha-ze. Teslis HaTesvis siRrme 4-5 sm-ia. savegetacio peri-odSi naTesebs dasWirdeba 2-3 kultivacia.xarisxiani mosavlis misaRebad aucilebelia saRi da xarisxiani saTesle masalis gamoyeneba. aseve aRsaniS-navia rom daTesvis Semdeg niadagis msubuqi motkepna aHqarebs aRmocenebas.

niadagis damuSavebakargad egueba TiTqmis yvela tipis niadags, maT Soris qviSnar, kirian da bicob niadagebsac ki. idealuria niadagi, romelic gazafxulze adre da kargad Tbeba, kargad atarebs haers, aqvs kargi, fxvie-ri struqtura da mdidaria sakvebi elementebiT.dasaTesad gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqar-TveloSi, nawveralis aHeHvis an winamorbedi kul-turis aRebis Semdeg, Semodgomaze 25-30 sm. siRrmeze moixvneba.dasavleT saqarTveloSi niadagi moixvneba gvian Se-modgomaze an zamTarSi an kidev adre gazafxulze.gazafxulze moxdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba: daTesvamde Hatardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siR-rmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.

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mosavlis aReba/Senaxvamuxudo Tanabrad Semodis. parkebi advilad ar skdeba da es saSualebas iZleva muxudo aRebuli iqnas uSualod kombainiT, dabal Wraze. Tu muxudos parkebis didi nawili gayviTlebulia da mcenare isev mwvanea, am dros SesaZ-lebelia gamoyenebuli iqnas desikanti, foTlebis gasacvenad, an mosavali aRebuli iqnas gayofiT — or fazad: jer moiWreba mcenareebi, gaSreba da gaSrobis Semdeg ki gaileweba.






nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 20 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi,sa Wiroa mxolod 22 kg. fosforis Setana. (sufTa nivTierebebi).




Zlieri dasarevlianebisas. lobios daTesvamde totaluri glifosati

muxudos daTesvamde, an aRmocenebamde orleb-niani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg

seleqciuri prometrini

aRmocenebis Semdeg marcvlovani sarevelebi seleqciuri fenoqsaprop-p-eTili


daavadebebi:(anTraqnozi, Janga, laqianobebi da sxv.)



bordos narevi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi deltametrini

qlorpirifosi

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema* **zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad, SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT, saWiroa niadagSi Setanili iqnas azoti 36 kg, fosfori 36,0 kg, kaliumi 32,0 kg. sufTa nivTierebaze gadaangariSebiT.

morwyvamorwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. muxudos teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• morwyvis saorientacio jeradoba: 2 • morwyvis norma 1 ha-ze: 700-1000 m3

• tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: gaRivebis, aRmoce-nebis, marcvlebis formirebis fazebi.

• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimeba, an kvlebSi miSvebiT. • damatebiTi informacia: dasavleT saqarTvelos

teniT uzrunvelyofil zonebSi muxudo mor-wyvis gareSe moiyvaneba.

saqarTveloSi aprobirebuli perspeqtiuli jiSi

dasaxeleba vegetaciis xangrZlivoba

bolqvis masa damatebiTi informacia

goruli TeTri 100-140 dRe 50-60 gr maRalmosavliania

aseve aramoyvavile jiSebidan gavrcelebulia: ukrainski beli mestni, odeski-13, xersonski-1, soHinski-56. moyvavile jiSebidan ki gavrcelebulia: imeruli -23, polioti, staroselski mestni, riazanovski-320, iubi leini gribovski


laTinuridasaxeleba Alium sativum Lbotanikuriojaxi SroSanisebrTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba orwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 17±7°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-65%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-80%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,4-7,5kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -17°С-dan-18°С-mde kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 30-35°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi TavTaviani,baRHeulidaparkosanikulturebi, saadreokombosto,kitri,kartofili,pomidoriarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi xaxvi,niori,prasa,kartofili



niadagis ganoyiereba X X

moxvna X X

dadiskva-kultivacia X X

dargva XI X-XI an VIII

wamlobebi III-VII III-VII

mosavlis aReba III-VII VI-VIII an III-IV

Tesvis wesebi da normebi niori ZiriTadad xeliT, iSviaT SemTxvevaSi manqa-niT iTeseba. manqaniT igi zolebrivad iTeseba. xeliT daTesvisas rigTaSoris manZili 30-45, xolo kbilebs Soris 8-10 sm-ia. dasaTesi kbilebis raodenoba damo-kidebulia kbilebis masaze. saSualod igi 1000-2000 kg-s Seadgens. HaTesvis siRrme 5-7 sm-iT ganisazRvreba.

niadagis damuSavebaniorisaTvis idealuria qviSnarebi da msubuqi nia-dagebi, an niadagi, romelic kargad atarebs haersa da wyals, aqvs kargi, struqtura da mdidaria sakvebiT.nioris warmoebisaTvis gansazRvruli niadagi sa Wi-roa moixnas 25-30 sm. siRrmeze, nawveralis aHeHvis, an winamorbedi kulturis aRebis Semdeg. xvna tardeba nioris dargvamde 2-3 TviT adre.dargvamde Hatardeba kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT. niadagis kargad gaf-xvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dafrezva das-Wirdes.

niori

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. nivris teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:

• jeradoba: 2-3• norma 1 ha-ze: 35-50 m3 (wveTovani morwyviT) • morwyvis meTodi: wveTovani an kvlebSi miSvebis

meTodiT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvamosavlis aReba iwyeba maSin, roca nioris foTlebi gayviTlebas da Hawolas daiwyebs. mosavlis aRebis dayovneba da dagvianeba dauSvebelia. aReba saWiroa ganxorcieldes mSral, mzian amindSi. gaSrobis, xmeli foHis da fesvebis mocilebis Semdeg gadarHeuli niori badurebSi Haiyreba da daniSnulebis adgilze gaigzavneba. mosaxleoba xSirad mimarTavs Senaxvas wnulebis saxiT.




P - fosfori 72,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win, danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT.

K - kaliumi 108,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT.

nakeli winamorbedi kulturis qveS 1 ha-ze 40 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanisas mine-raluri sasuqebis Setana saWiroebas ar warmoadgens.




yvela tipis sarevela - daTesvamde totaluri glifosati


seleqciuri ioqsinili




daavadebebis kompleqsi (Savi obi, fuzariozi, Janga da sxv.)



trifloqsistrobini

fenamidoni+propamokarb-hidroqloridi

xaxvis buzi da sxva mavnebelTa kompleqsi

TiameToqsami

dimeToati

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad, wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koe-ficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 8,8 kg., fosfori 4,8 kg, kaliumi 7,2 kg (sufTa nivTierebebi).

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebinioris mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agro-teqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

morwyva

saqarTveloSi aprobirebuli perspeqtiuli jiSebi da hibridebi

vardisferi Woportula sagviano jiSia, vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 110-120 dRes. gamoirHeva kargi gemuri TvisebebiT

Sedi-ledi F 1 kargi gemuri Tvisebebis mqone sasufre hibridi. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba: 98-108 dRe

klasiki F 1 maRalmosavliani, samrewvelo daniSnulebis saSualod-saadreo hibridi. vegetacia grZeldeba 98-108 dRis ganmavlobaSi

mirsini F 1 saadreo sasufre hibridi. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba: 90-110 dRe

pomidori kulturiszogadidaxasiaTeba

laTinuridasaxeleba Lycopersicon esculentumbotanikuriojaxi ZaRlyurZenasebrTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 22±7°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-65%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-75%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 5,5-6,5kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -1°С-dan-3°С-mde kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 29°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi simindi,TavTaviani,baRHeuliparkosanikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi kartofili,badrijani,wiwaka,Tambaqo,pomidori




moxvna II-III X-XII


HiTilis gadargva IV-VI IV-VI

wamlobebi IV-IX IV-IX

mosavlis aReba VII-X VI-X

Zlierad mozardi jiSebi da hibridebi ufro did kve-bis areze iTeseba (mwkrivTa Soris 1,2-1,5m. da mcenare-Ta Soris 30 sm). Ria gruntSi pomidori SesaZlebelia daiTesos budobrivadac - budnebs Soris 70X70 sm. da-SorebiT. budnaSi darHeba 1-2 kargad ganviTarebuli mcenare.Ria gruntSi daTesvisas 1 ha-ze 1,5-2,0 kg. Teslia saWi ro. HaTesvis siRrme 1,5-2,0 sm-ia. Tesvis saukeTeso droa periodi, roca niadagi HaTesvis siRrmeze 15-18°С-mde gaTbeba. dasaTesad umjobesia gamoyenebuli iqnas punqtirebuli saTesebi. es uzruvelyofs HaTesvis siRrmis, Tesvis normis da Teslebs Soris manZilis zustad dacvas.pomidoris warmoeba HiTilis meTodiT ufro gav-rcelebuli da misaRebi wesia. HiTilis gamoyvana Ria gruntSi gadargvamde 30-35 dRiT adre iwyeba. am dros umjobesia Tesli specialurad gankuTvnil kasetebSi daiTesos.

niadagis damuSavebapomidorisaTvis niadagi aRmosavleT saqarTvelo-Si saWiroa moixnas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siRrmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZlebe-lia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazafxulze. am arealis Warbtenian niadagebze moxvna gazafxulze unda ganxorcieldes.gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. aseve niadagis mulHireba xels uwyobs mosavlianobis gazrdas.

Tesvis wesebi da normebi uSualod Ria gruntSi daTesvisas pomidori iTeseba mwkrivad, saTesi manqanebiT. mwkrivTa Soris 75-80 sm-is, xolo mcenareebs Soris 25-30 sm-is daSorebiT.

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. pomidoris teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• jeradoba: 5-7

• TiToeuli morwyvis saorientacio norma 1ha-ze: 40-50m3 (wveTovani morwyviT).

• tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: vegetaciis yvela etapi.





P - fosfori 96,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win, danarHeni gamokve bis saxiT

K - kaliumi 348,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokve bis saxiT

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 30 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanisas saWiroa: azoti 10 kg, fosfori 21 kg, kaliumi 168 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).




yvela tipis sarevela - daTesvamde, an HiTilis gadargvamde

totaluri glifosati

erTwliani orlebniani da marcvlovani sarevelebi

seleqciuri metribuzini

vegetaciis periodSi. erTwliani da mraval-wliani marcvlovani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg




daavadebebi (fitoftora, alter -naria, makrosporiozi da sxv.)



bordos narevi

mavneblebi (bugrebi, xvatari, HrHili, WiWinoblebi da sxv.)

lambda-cihalotrini

deltametrini


sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koe-ficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 3,3 kg, fosfori 1,92 kg, kaliumi 6,96 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebipomidoris mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcie-leba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

morwyva

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvapomidori araerTdroulad Semodis. mokrefa xdeba daniSnulebis mixedviT: Sors gadasatanad igi adreul, ara-sruli simwifis fazaSi ikrifeba, roca nayofis mwvane Seferva gamkrTaldeba da nayofi moyviTalo fers miiRebs. axlo manZilze gadasatanad pomidori mreSi (JRali feris) ikrifeba. xolo adgilze mosaxmarad gankuTvnili pomidori sruli simwifis fazaSi ikrifeba. mokrefa xdeba xeliT.pomidoris Senaxvis optimaluri temperatura aris 12°С-dan 21°С-mde, xolo haeris optimaluri SefardebiTi tenianoba ki 90-95%. am pirobebSi mwvane pomidori inaxeba 1-3 kviris ganmavlobaSi, mwife pomidori — 4-7 dRis ganmavlobaSi.


artanjeli aqvs TeTri feris wvniani da msxvili ylortebi, bolqvis saSualo masa 40-60 gramia

tielimi F1 maRalmosavliani saadreo hibridi, bolqvis masa Seadgens 45-dan 55 gramamde

grolimi F1 saadreo hibridi, gamoirHeva maRali mosavlianobiT. bolqvis masa: 45-55 gr.

satacuri


laTinuri dasaxeleba Asparagusbotanikuri ojaxi satacurisebrTa sicocxlis xangrZlivoba mravalwlianiganviTarebis optimaluri temperatura 19±7°Chaeris optimaluri tenianoba 60-65%niadagis optimaluri tenianoba 70-75% niadagis ares optimaluri reaqcia pH 6,5-7,5kritikuli temperaturuli minimumi 10-12°С kritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 26-28°Сsasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi parkosani da bostneul-baRHeuli kulturebiarasasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi satacuri

moxvnis win saWiroa organuli sasuqebis Setana, gada-mwvari nakelis saxiT, 80-100 t/ha-ze. gazafxulze mox-deba mzralis gadargviswina damuSaveba da Hatardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli da-farcxviT. kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dafrezva dasWirdes.




moxvna II-III X-XII

dadiskva-kultivacia II-IV II-IV

daTesva HiTilebis misaRebad IV-V IV-V

mosavlis aReba pirveli aReba: gadargvidan mesame wlis gazafxuli

pirveli aReba: gadargvidan mesame wlis gazafxuli

niadagis damuSavebasatacurisaTvis saukeTesoa qviSnarebi da msubuqi niadagebi, an niadagi romelic kargad atarebs haers da wyals, aqvs kargi struqtura da mdidaria sakvebi elementebiT.sarevelebisa da anarHenebisagan winaswar gasufTave-buli niadagi Semodgomaze ixvneba 30-40 sm. siRrmeze.

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mcenareebis normaluri zrda-ganviTarebisaTvis morwyva aucilebelia mTeli savegetacio periodis manZilze. saukeTesoa wveTovani morwyva. am dros mcenares wyalTan erTad sakvebic miewodeba. vegeta-ciis periodSi satacurs klimaturi pirobebis mixed-viT 5-6 morwyva dasWirdeba.

maRalmosavliani jiSebis da hibridebis daTesva, savegetacio periodSi mcenareebis morwyvis, kvebis, da movlis reJimis regulacia aucilebeli pirobaa warmoebis efeqturobis gazrdisaTvis.

gvamde niadagi kargad unda moswordes da erTmane-Tisagan 1,5 m. daSorebiT gaiWras 35 sm. siganis 30-35 sm. siRrmis Txrilebi. TxrilSi Haiyreba 15 sm. sisqis gadamwvari nakeli da 10-12 sm. siRrmeze HakeTdeba. HiTilebi TxrilebSi dairgveba erTmaneTisgan 40 sm. daSorebiT. HiTili 5-7 sm.-iT ufro Rrmad dairg-veba vidre igi saHiTileSi izrdeboda. movla gulis-xmobs regularul morwyvas, TxrilSi niadagis sistematiur gafxvierebas, sarevelebTan brZolas, Semodgomaze mcenareebis gadaWras fesvis yeli dan 5-6 sm. simaRleze da TxrilSi miwis damatebas ise, rom miwis zedapiramde 8-10 sm. darHes. meore wli dan daiwyeba movliTi samu Saoebis ganxorcieleba.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxva20-25 sm-iani satacuris ylortebis mokrefa 40-45 dRe grZeldeba. jer ylortebi eTiolirebulia, sicxeebis dadgomis Semdeg ki mwvane. saSualod erTi mcenare 50-60 gramian 10-15, zogjer ki 20-30 ylorts iZleva. mokrefa saWiroa ganxorcieldes mxolod dilis, an saRamos saaTebSi. ylortebi 15-25 calian konebad ikvreba da daniSnulebis adgilze igzavneba. kargi movlis pirobebSi satacuris plantaciis eqsploataciis xangrZlivoba 15-20 welia.



P - fosfori 40,0 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win, danarHeni gamokve bis saxiT

K - kaliumi 109,2 kg. sufTa nivTiereba 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokve bis saxiT

nakeli 1 ha-ze 100 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 556kg, fosfori 150 kg, kaliumi 496 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).


sarevelebis winaaRmdeg qimiuri brZolis saorientacio varianti


dasarevlianebis SemTxvevaSi satacuris daTesvamde an HiTilebis gadargvamde

totaluri glifosati

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema

8-10 wlis asakSi 1 m2 farTobidan 8 kg mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyviT da SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiro

sakvebi elementebis Setanis saorientacio cxrili*

morwyva jeradoba da ZiriTadi meTodebi

warmoebis efeqturobis gazrdis meTodebi

Tesvis wesebi da normebi satacuri ZiriTadad Teslis daTesviT da HiTilebis gadargviT moiyvaneba. Teslis ukeT aRmocenebisTvis saWiroa misi 5-6 saaTiT 25-30°С-mde SemTbar Tbil wyal Si dalboba ris Semdegac mas iReben wylidan da 5-6 dRe tenian garemoSi dayovnebis da SeSrobis Sem-deg Tesli mzadaa dasaTesad. daTesva saTesi manqaniT xdeba 45X25 sm. daSorebiT. mcire farTobze daTesva SesaZlebelia xeliT ganxorcieldes, 25X10 sm. daSo-rebiT. manqaniT daTesvisas 1 ha-ze 2,5-3,0 kg. Teslia saWiro. HiTilebis Semdgomi movla gulisxmobs: gamargvlas, morwyvas, niadagis gafxvierebas da gamokvebas. Semod-gomaze ylortebis 3-4 sm. simaRleze iWreba. HiTilis gadargva moxdeba meore wlis gazafxulze. gadar-

saqarTveloSi aprobirebuli perspeqtiuli jiSebi

baresi gvalvagamZle jiSia. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 150-170 dRes. aqvs ovaluri formis narinjisferi Zirxvena.

pobediteli aqvs mogrZo-ovaluri formis Zirxvena. vegetaciis periodi grZeldeba 140-145 dRis ganmavlobaSi.

TeTri naxevrad-Saqriani

jiSisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia TeTri feris Zirxvenebi, misi Tavis zeda nawili mwvanea, xolo vegetaciis xangrZlivoba ki Seadgens 140-150 dRes.

ekendorfis yviTeli

aqvs yviTeli feris Zirxvena. misi Ziri 1/3-iT miwaSia Hamjdari. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 125-130 dRes.

safuraJeWarxali kulturiszogadidaxasiaTeba

laTinuridasaxeleba Beta vulgaris v. crassebotanikuriojaxi nacarqaTamasebrTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba orwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 18-20°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 65-70%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-75%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,5-7,5kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi 5-6°С kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 30°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi simindi,TavTavianebi,mravalwlianisakvebibalaxebida parkosanikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi Warxali

HaTesvis siRrme niadagis Tvisebebzea damokidebu-li mZime niadagebze Warxali iTeseba 2-3 sm-is, xolo mSral pirobebSi 4-5 sm-is siRrmeze.saqarTvelos pirobebisaTvis Tesvis saukeTeso droa 20 martidan 20 aprilis HaTvliT. niadagis tempera-tura 12-15 gradusi unda iyos. daTesvis Semdeg kargia naTesis motkepvna.

Tesvis wesebi da normebi iTeseba zusti saTesiT, an bostneulis saTesi manqa-nebiT rigTaSoris 45-50 an 60-70 sm daSorebiT. rode-sac Warxali mravalRiviani TesliT iTeseba, maSin erT grZiv metrze 12-15 aRmonaceni miiReba. gameHxer-ebis Semdeg erT grZiv metrze 5-6 mcenare unda darHes, xolo erT ha-ze ki 70-80 aTasi mcenare. roca zusti saTesiT iTeseba erTRiviani Tesli, maSin gameHxereba ar aris saWiro — am dros erT grZiv metrze 5-6 Tesli HaiTeseba. mravalRiviani Teslis Tesvis norma aris 30-35kg, xolo erTRiviani Teslis - 10-12 kg.

niadagis damuSavebasafuraJe WarxlisaTvis aucilebelia struq-turiani, fxvieri da sakvebi nivTierebebiT mdidari niadagebi.nadagis momzadeba Semodgomidanve, winamor-bedi kulturis mosavlis aRebisTanave unda daiwyos. am dros saWiroa niadagi moixnas 28-32 sm. siRrmeze.gazafxulze, gaTbobisTanave saWiroa niada-gis kultivacia da dafarcxva. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi auci lebelia ganxorcieldes da-frezva. niadagi dasaTesad mzad unda iyos martis bolos-aprilis dasawyisSi. es yvelaferi sa-Wiroa niadagSi tenis SesanarHuneblad.

sabaziso agrokalendariagroRonisZieba das. saqarTvelo aRm. saqarTvelo

niadagis ganoyiereba XII XI

moxvna XII-I XI

dadiskva-kultivacia III-IV III-IV

daTesva IV IV

wamlobebi IV-VII IV-VIII

mosavlis aReba VII-IX VIII-IX

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mosavlis aReba/Senaxvamosavlis aReba xdeba, roca mcenare daamTavrebs Zirxvenis zrdas. es periodi ZiriTadad gvian Semodgomaze dge-ba. mosavali umjobesia aRebuli iqnas mSral amindSi. mosavlis aReba umTavresad xeliT warmoebs. SesaZlebelia meqanizirebuli aRebac, Tu amis Sesabamisi teqnika iqneba.aRebuli mosavali iyreba mSral adgilas burtebad, grovebad. mosavlis grovis sigrZe da sigane SesaZlebelia iyos 2,5-3 metri. simaRle 1-15 metri. xangrZlivad SenaxvisaTvis grovebs Tavze namjas an Tivas afareben.

morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. Warxlis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• jeradoba: 2-6• sruli norma 1 ha-ze: 1400-4200 m3, wveTovani mor-

wyviT: 40-50 m3

• tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: Teslis gaRive-bis, foTlebis ganviTarebis da Zirxvenis formi-rebis fazebi

• morwyvis meTodi: wveTovani an kvlebSi miSvebis meTodiT.

morwyva


sakvebi nivTiereba Setanis norma(sufTa nivTiereba)

Setanis vada

N - azoti 300 kg. vegetaciis periodSi gamokvebis saxiT

P - fosfori 180 kg. mzralad moxvnis win

K - kaliumi 640 kg. mzralad moxvnis win

nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 30 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 150 kg, fosfori 105 kg, kaliumi 460 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).


sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad, SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 6,0 kg., fosfori 3,6 kg., kaliumi 12,8 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).



yvela tipis sarevelas winaaRmdeg: Setana daTesvamde

totaluri glifosati

orlebniani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg seleqciuri fenmedifami+desmedifami+etofumezati

marcvlovani sarevelebi seleqciuri dinemetamidi



daavadebebi: piTozi, perenosporozi

Tesviswina damuSaveba mefenoqsami

daavadebaTa kompleqsi vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT propinebi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT spiromezifeni

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebiWarxlis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agro-teqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.


ajameTis TeTri sasursaTe jiSia. marcvlis mosavali Seadgens 3,6-4,2 tonas 1 ha-ze. vegetacia grZeldeba 130-145 dRis ganmavlobaSi.

hibridi krabasi saadreo yviTeli hibridia. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba 110-115 dRea. marcvlis mosavali Seadgens 8-10 tonas 1 ha-ze.

lomTagora 1 safuraJe jiSia. marcvlis mosavali Seadgens 8-12 tonas 1 ha-ze. vegetacia grZeldeba 125 dRis ganmavlobaSi.

qarTuli krugi morwyvis pirobebSi 1 ha-ze iZleva 6-8 tonas. marcvali yviTelia. safuraJea. vegetacia grZeldeba 140 dRe.

hibridi: enguri yviTeli feris maRalmosavliani hibridi. gamZlea Hawolisadmi vegetacia grZeldeba 126 dRe.

simindi kulturiszogadidaxasiaTeba

laTinuridasaxeleba Zea maysbotanikuriojaxi marcvlovanTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 20-24°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-65%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-85%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 5,5-7,0kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -2°С-dan-3°С-mde kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 30-35°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi saSemodgomoxorbali,parkosanidabaRHeulikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi SaqrisWarxali,kartofili,mzesumzira,Tambaqo



niadagis ganoyiereba XII-III X-XI

moxvna XII-II X-XI


daTesva IV-V IV-V

wamlobebi V V

mosavlis aReba IX VIII-IX

Tesvis wesebi da normebi simindi iTeseba mwkrivad simindis saTesi manqanebiT. mwkrivTa Soris manZili 70-75 sm-ia. mcenareebs Soris manZili Zlierad mozard qarTul jiSebisaTvis Sead-gens 20-22 sm-s. erT ha-ze iTeseba 25-30 kg. hibridebi ufro mWidrod iTeseba, erT ha-ze 60-75 aTasi marcvali. HaTesvis siRrme Tixnar niadagebze 5-6, msubuqi Sedgenilobis niadagze 7-8, xolo aRmosav-leT saqarTvelos mSral pirobebSi 8-10 sm-s Seadgens.Tesvisas umjobesia punqtirebuli saTesebis gamoye-neba. es uzrunvelyofs Tanabar aRmonacens.xarisxiani mosavlis misaRebad aucilebelia Tes-vis vadebis dacva — daTesvis saukeTeso droa peri-odi, rodesac niadagi Teslis daTesvis siRrmeze 10-12°С-mde gaTbeba. aseve aucilebelia saRi da serti-ficirebuli saTesle masalis gamoyeneba.

niadagis damuSavebasimindis dasaTesad idealuria kargi aeraciis da sakvebi nivTierebebiT mdidari niadagebi. dasaTesad mizanSeuwonelia mkvrivi, teniani niadagi, romelic gazafxulze nela Tbeba. simindis dasaTesad gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, nawveralis aHeHvis an winamorbedi kulturis aRebis Semdeg, Semodgomaze unda moixnas 27-30 sm. siRrmeze. dasavleT saqarTveloSi niadagis moxvna SesaZlebe-lia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an adre gazafxulze.gazafxulze moxdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba: kultivacia Hatardeba 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyole-buli dafarcxviT.

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. simindis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• morwyvis saorientacio jeradoba: 4. (2-jer

yva vilobamde da 2-jer yvavilobis Semdeg). • morwyvis erTiani norma 1 ha-ze: 3000-3500 m3 • tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: Teslis gaRivebis

da aRmocenebis fazebi.• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimeba, an kvlebSi miSvebiT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvamosavlis aReba xdeba simindis sruli simwifis fazaSi. mosavlis aReba xdeba xeliT, taros momtvreviT an kombainiT — gamomarcvliT.teniani marcvali advilad ziandeba Haxurebis gamo. amitom Senaxvamde saWiroa marcvlis kargad gaSroba. igi kargad inaxeba, roca masSi tenianoba 13-14%, an naklebia.



Setanis vada








simindis daTesvamde totaluri glifosati

simindis 2-6 foTlis faza seleqciuri foramsulfuroni+iodosulfuroni

simindis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxor-cieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa niadagSi Setanili iqnas azoti 28.8 kg, fosfori 19,0 kg da kaliumi 46,4 kg. sufTa nivTierebaze gadaangariSebiT.

morwyva



paTogenebi, romlebic gadaecema Tesli-dan an niadagidan

Teslis Tesviswina damuSaveba

mefenoqsami

mavTula Wiebi da niadagis sxv. mavneblebi Teslis Tesviswina damuSaveba

imidaklopridi

xvatari, simindis farvana, bugrebi da sxv. vegetaciis periodSi flubendiamidi, deltametrini


mowinave 7 saSualod-saadreoa, ar axasiaTebs marcvlis cvena. vegetacia grZeldeba 125-130 dRe.

adreula 6 saadreo maRalmosavliani jiSia, ar axasiaTebs marcvlis cvena. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba: 110-115 dRe.

imeruli soia sufTad Tesvisas mosavali Seadgens 3,0-3,5 t/ha-ze. simindTan SeTesili- 1,1-1,3 t/ha-ze vege-taciis xangrZlivoba 140-160 dRea.

kolxida 4 sufTad Tesvisas 1 ha-ze iZleva 3,2 tonamde. simindTan SeTesvisas misi mosavali 1,4 tona-mdea. vegetacia grZeldeba 145-160 dRe.

guruli soia vegetaciis xangrZlivoba 130-160 dRea. saorientacio mosavali: 2,4-3,2 t/ha.

damatebiTiinformacia: mwvane masis misaRebad soia SesaZlebelia daiTesos rogorc sanawveralo kultura pureulis aRebis Semdeg.



niadagis ganoyiereba III X-XI

moxvna III X-XI


daTesva IV-V IV-V

wamlobebi V-VI V-VI

mosavlis aReba IX-X IX-X

Tesvis wesebi da normebi soia iTeseba mwkrivad, saTesi manqanebiT. mwkrivTa Soris manZili 60-70, xolo mcenareebs Soris 18-20 sm-is daSorebT. aseve mimarTaven ormwkrivian zoleb-riv Tesvasac. zolebs Soris 60-70 sm, xolo zolSi mwkrivebs Soris 15 sm. soias sufTad daTesvisas saWi-roa 30-40 kg. Tesli. simindTan SeTesvis SemTxvevaSi ki — 10-14 kg. HaTesvis siRrme 4-5 sm-ia. sufTad daTesvisas karg Sedegebs iZleva naTesis msubuqi motkepvna. kargi mosavlis misaRebad aucilebelia Tesvis vade-bis dacva — optimaluria Tesva maSin, rodesac niadagi 10 sm. siRrmeze 10-12°С-mde gaTbeba. aseve karg Sedegs iZleva punqtirebuli saTesebis gamoyeneba — igi uz-runvelyofs Tanabar aRmonacens.

niadagis damuSavebasoias dasaTesad gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, nawveralis aHeHvis an winamorbedi kul-turis aRebis Semdeg, Semodgomaze oqtomber-noem-berSi, Rrmad, 27-30 sm. siRrmeze moixvneba. dasavleT saqarTveloSi niadagi moixvneba gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an adre gazafxulze.gazafxulzeve saWiroa mzralis Tesviswina damuSave-ba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siR-rmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.


laTinuridasaxeleba Glycine hispida maximbotanikuriojaxi Fabaceae sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 22-25°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 70-75%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 75-80%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,5-7,0kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -4°С kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 30°С dametisasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi simindi,TavTavianidabostneulikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi parkosnebi,mzesumzira

soia

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. soias teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• morwyvis saorientacio jeradoba: 4-5

• TiToeuli morwyvis norma 1 ha-ze: 400-500m3 • tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: Teslis gaRivebis,

aRmocenebis, yvavilobis da marcvlis formire-bis fazebi.

• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimeba, an kvlebSi miSvebiT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvasoias mosavlis aReba xdeba sruli simwifis fazaSi. am dros mcenares foTlebi mTlianad cviva, Rero gamxmaria, parkebi Serxevisas xmaurobs da marcvlis tenianoba ki 20-22%-ia.mosavlis aReba xdeba kombainiT dabal Wraze. xSirad mosavlis aReba xeliT xdeba. am dros mcenareebi ZirSi iWreba, erT adgilze Segrovdeba, gaiSleba da ileweba. galewvis Semdeg marcvals aSroben da aniaveben. inaxeba tomrebSi, mSral adgilas. Senaxvisas marcvlis tenianoba 10-12%-ze meti ar unda iyos.

gamokvebis zogadi saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze 3,0 tona mosavlis misaRebad


Setanis vada

N - azoti 72,0 kg vegetaciis periodSi gamokveba, 2-jeradad



nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 20 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: mxolod 46 kg. fosforis Setana. (sufTa nivTierebebi).




soias daTesvamde totaluri glifosati

kulturis 1-3 foTlis fazaSi seleqciuri bentazoni

aRmocenebis Semdeg marcvlovani sareve-lebis winaaRmdeg


g/l fluazifop-p-buTili

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema* **zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa niadagSi Setanili iqnas azoti 48 kg, fosfori 32 kg, kaliumi 32 kg. sufTa nivTierebebze gadaangariSebiT.

morwyva



fuzariozi, cerkosporiozi, Wraqi, laqi-anoba, askoqitozi, baqteriuli daavadebe-bi da sxv.)




rwyili, aRmonacenis buzi, xvatari da sxv. vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT

qlorpirifosi

lambda-cihalotrini

tkipebi vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT

spiromezifeni

abameqtini

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebimavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.


nanti 11 saSualod-saadreoa. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 110-115 dRemde. gamoirHeva mosav-lis maRali raodenobrivi maHveneblebiT da kargi SenaxvisunarianobiT. Zirxvenis masa Seadgens 700-720 gr-s

goruli nanti sagviano jiSia, aqvs kargi gemuri Tvisebebi da Senaxvisunarianoba. Zirxvenis masa 700-dan 730 gramamdea.

laguna F1 saadreo maRalmosavliani hibridia, Zirxvenis masa 750-760 gramia.

stafilo




moxvna II-III X-XII

dadiskva-kultivacia II-III II-III

daTesva II-III II-III

wamlobebi IV-VIII IV-IX

mosavlis aReba IV-VIII IV-IX

Tesvis wesebi da normebi stafilo iTeseba zolebrivad, zusti saTesi manqaniT. aRsaniSnavia rom manqaniT Tesva mniSvnelovnad zrdis mosavlis xarisxobriv da raodenobriv maHveneblebs. erT ha-ze saWiroa 1-1,2 milioni cali Tesli. HaTes-vis siRrme mZime niadagebze aris 2-2,5 sm, xolo msubuq niadagebze — 3,0 sm. mcire farTobebze SesaZlebelia mwkrivebad daiTesos xeliT. am SemTxvevaSi mwkrivTa Soris 30-40 sm. da mcenareTa Soris 3-4 sm. daSorebe-bia saWiro. stafilos daTesva SemaRlebul baZoebze saukeTeso Sedegebs iZleva. daTesvis Semdeg aucilebe-lia naTesis msubuqi motkepvna.

niadagis damuSavebastafilosaTvis gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi saWiroa moixnas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siRrmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna Se saZlebelia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazaf-xulze. am arealis Warbtenian niadagebze moxvna gaza-f xulze unda ganxorcieldes. gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 8-10 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT. Tu niadagi mZimea, mzra-li unda gadaixnas 15-16 sm. siRrmeze, daifarcxos 2-3-jer da Semdeg daiTesos.kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. dasaTesad gamzadebuli niadagi swori zedapiris da fxvieri unda iyos.


laTinuridasaxeleba Daucus carota L. botanikuriojaxi qolgosanTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba orwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 16±7°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-65%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 60%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 5,3-6,5kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -0,7°С-dan-0,8°С-mde kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 35°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi parkosanikulturebi,kitri,yabayi,saadreokombosto,xaxviarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi oxraxuSi,cereco,niaxuri,stafilo,sufrisWarxali,krtofili

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. stafilos teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• TiToeuli morwyvis norma 1 m2-ze: ganviTarebis

fazebis mixedviT, 3-dan 10 l-mde • tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: vegetaciis yvela

etapi. morwyva unda Sewydes mosavlis aRebamde 15-20 dRiT adre.

• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimebiT, wveTovani siste-miT, an kvlebSi miSvebis meTodiT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvakonebad SekvrisTvis gansazRvrul stafilos SerHeviT iReben. xolo mosavlis srulad aReba ki yinvebis dawyebam-de unda ganxorcieldes. aReba xdeba manqaniT, an xeliT, mSral, mzian amindSi. gaSrobis, foTlebis mocilebis da daxarisxebis Semdeg Zirxvenebi badurebSi iyreba da daniSnulebis adgilze igzavneba. xanmokle droiT sawyobSi Senaxvisas temperatura 12°С, xolo haeris SefardebiTi tenianoba 85% unda iyos. macivarSi Senaxva 0°С temperaturis da 90-95% haeris SefardebiTi tenianobis pirobebSi mimdinareobs.Sesanaxad gamoiyeneba mxolod mSrali, saRi da xarisxiani Zirxvenebi.



Setanis vada


P - fosfori 108,0 kg 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win, danarHeni — gamokvebis saxiT.

K - kaliumi 224,0 kg 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokvebis saxiT.

nakeli winamorbedi kulturis qveS 1 ha-ze 30 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 38,8 kg, fosfori 60 kg, kaliumi 44 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).




Zlieri dasarevlianebisas, stafilos daTesvamde

totaluri glifosati

orlebniani sarevelebis farTo speqtri seleqciuri prometrini

marcvlovani sarevelebi seleqciuri fluazitop-p-buTili

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia: yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koe-ficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 4,72 kg, fosfori 2,7 kg, kaliumi 5,6 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

morwyva



daavadebebi:fomozi, alternaria, sidample, rizoq-toniozi, nacari, baqteriuli daavade-bebi da sxv.



bordos narevi

penkonazoli

mavneblebi:stafilos buzi, HrHili, bugri, rwyili, baRlinjo da sxv.


deltametrini

TiameToqsami

dimeToati

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebiswori Teslbrunva, Zlier dazianebuli mcenareebis nakveTidan gatana da ganadgureba, gamZle jiSebis daTesva, dasaTesad kondiciuri, damuSavebuli saTesle masalis gamoyeneba.


bordo saSualod-saadreoa. Zirxvena muqi-wiTeli ferisaa, vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 112-dan 115 dRemde. Zirxvenis saSualo masa aris 60-70 gr.

egvipturi brtyeli

saadreo maRalmosavliani jiSia, aqvs muqi-wiTeli feris Zirxvenebi. vegetaciis xangrZli-voba aris 80-100 dRe. Zirxvenis saSualo masa — 60-65 gr.

larka saadreo maRalmosavliani jiSia, aqvs muqi-wiTeli feris Zirxvenebi. vegetaciis xangrZli-voba aris 98-100 dRe. Zirxvenis saSualo masa — 60-65 gr.

detroiti axasiaTebs 100-115 dRiani vegetacia, saSualod-saadreoa. Zirxvenis masa Seadgens 65-70 gr-s.

pablo F1 saSualod-saadreo maRalmosavliani hibridia Zirxvenis saSualo masa 50-55 grams Seadgens, vegetaciis xangrZlivoba 107-110 dRea.

sufris Warxali




moxvna II-III X-XII


daTesva IV-V IV-V

wamlobebi IV-VIII IV-VIII

mosavlis aReba VIII-XI VIII-XI

Tesvis wesebi da normebi sufris Warxali zusti saTesi manqaniT iTeseba zole-brivad. erT ha-ze saWiroa 550-800 aTasi cali Tesli. HaTesvis siRrme mZime niadagebze 3-4, msubuq niadageb-ze — 4-5 sm-ia. mcire farTobebze igi xeliTac SeiZleba daiTesos mwkrivebad, mwkrivTa Soris 30-40 sm-is, xolo mcenareTa Soris 5-6 sm-is daSorebiT. sufris Warxali SesaZlebelia HiTilis gadargviTac iqnas moyvanili. am dros Tesli gadargvamde 30-40 dRiT adre iTeseba saHiTile kasetebSi, an saTburebsa da kvalsaTburebSi. gadargva saWiroa ganxorcieldes maSin, roca niadagi 8-10 sm. siRrmeze 8-10°С-mde gaTbe-ba da HiTilebs ganuviTardebaT 3-4 foToli.

niadagis damuSavebaWarxlisaTvis niadagis momzadebas didi yuradReba unda mieqces. misTvis aucilebelia struqturiani, fxvieri, sakvebi nivTierebebiT mdidari niadagebi.WarxlisaTvis niadagis momzadeba Semodgomidanve, winamorbedi kulturis mosavlis aRebisTanave unda daiwyos. am dros saWiroa niadagi moixnas 28-32 sm. siRrmeze.gazafxulze, daTbobisTanave saWiroa niadagis kul-tivacia da dafarcxva. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi auci-lebelia ganxorcieldes dafrezva. niadagi dasaTesad mzad unda iyos martis bolosa-Tvis aprilis dasawyisSi.


laTinuridasaxeleba Beta vulgaris var. conditivabotanikuriojaxi nacarqaTamasebrTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba orwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 15-25°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-65%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 75-80%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,0-7,0kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -3-4°С kritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 30-35°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi TavTaviani,parkosanikulturebi,kitri, xaxvi,pomidori,wiwaka,badrijaniarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi kombosto,SaqrisdasakvebiWarxali,rafsi,kartofili

sufris Warxali

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. Warxlis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• jeradoba: 2-6• norma 1 ha-ze: 700-800 m3, wveTovani morwyviT:

40-50 m3

• tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: Teslis gaRivebis, foTlebis ganviTarebis da Zirxvenis formirebis fazebi


mosavlis aReba/Senaxvasufris Warxlis mosavlis aReba iwyeba, roca Zirxvenebi jiSisaTvis damaxasiTebel zomas miaRwevs. aReba xdeba manqanebiT, an xeliT, yinvebis dawyebamde, mSral mzian amindSi. gaSrobis, foTlebis mocilebis da daxarisxebis Semdeg Zirxvenebi badurebSi iyreba. Sesanaxad gamoiyeneba mxolod mSrali, saRi da xarisxiani Zirxvenebi. Warxa-li inaxeba 0°С temperaturis da 90% haeris SefardebiTi tenianobis pirobebSi.



Setanis vada

N - azoti 300 kg vegetaciis periodSi, gamokvebis saxiT

P - fosfori 180 kg 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokvebiT

K - kaliumi 640 kg 2/3 mzralad moxvnis win. danarHeni gamokvebiT





yvela tipis sarevelas winaaRmdeg: Setana daTesvamde

totaluri glifosati

orlebniani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg seleqciuri fenmedifami+desmedifami+etofumezati

marcvlovani sarevelebi seleqciuri fenoqsaprop-p-eTili

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia:yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT (wveTovani morwyviT) saWiroa: azoti 6,0 kg, fosfori 3,6 kg, kaliumi 12,8 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

morwyva



daavadebaTa kompleqsi Wraqi, cerkosporiozi, sidample, Janga, qeci, nacari, baqteriuli daavadebebi sxv.


spilenZis hidroqsidi, trifloqsistrobini

mavnebelTa kompleqsi vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT

qlorpirifosi

deltametrini

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebiWarxlis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorci-eleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.


moskovski parnikovi saSualo mosavlianoba aris 25-dan 40 tonamde 1 ha-ze. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 60-70 dRes (aRmocenebidan).

lifli mosavali 25-30 tonamdea erT ha-ze, xolo vegetaciis xangrZlivoba aris 65-90 dRe (aRmocenebidan).

batalia aficione F1 vegetaciis xangrZlivoba gadargvidan 40-45 dRe. mosavali 35-40 tona erT ha-ze.




moxvna II-III X-XII

dadiskva-kultivacia III III-IV

HiTilis gadargva Ria gruntSi: III-IVsaTburSi: IX

Ria gruntSi: IV saTburSi: IX

wamlobebi IV IV

mosavlis aReba Ria gruntSi: IV-V saTburSi: X-XII

Ria gruntSi: VsaTburSi: X-XII

Tesvis wesebi da normebi salaTa ZiriTadad HiTilis gadargvis meTodiT moiy-vaneba. HiTilis gamoyvana Ria gruntSi gadargvamde 30-40 dRiT dRiT adre unda daiwyos. Tesli saHiTiled um-jobesia specialurad gankuTvnil kasetebSi daiTe-sos. HiTilis gamoyvanis optimaluri temperatura Rrublian amindSi aris 12-15°С, xolo mzian amindSi ki 18-20°С.kasetebSi gamoyvanili HiTilebi gadargvisas nakle-bad ganicdian stress, rac ukeT gaxarebis did SesaZ-

leblobas iZleva. naklebia meHxerianoba da Sesabamisad maRalia mosavali. mcire farTobze gadargva xdeba rigTaSoris 30 sm-is, xolo mcenareTa Soris ki 20-30 sm-is dacilebiT. did farTobebze ki — rigTa Soris daSo reba ZiriTadad aris 40-50 sm. da rigSi mcenareTa Soris — 20-30 sm.Ria gruntSi salaTa iTeseba zusti saTesi manqaniT. HaTesvis siRrme 1-1,5 sm-ia, Tesvis norma ki 4-5 kg. aR-mocenebis Semdeg saWiroa gameHxereba.

niadagis damuSavebasalaTasaTvis gankuTvnili niadagi aR-mosavleT saqarTveloSi saWiroa moix-nas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siRrmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZ-lebelia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazafxulze.gazafxulzeve saWiroa mzralis HiTilis gadargviswina damuSaveba. am dros tarde-ba 2 kultivacia 10-12sm. siRrmeze, Tan-miyolebuli dafarcxviT. niadagis kar-gad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. aseve aRsa-niSnavia rom niadagis mulHireba xels uwyobs mosavlianobis gazrdas.


laTinuri dasaxeleba Varietes secalina Alef. botanikuri ojaxi rTulyvavilovanTa sicocxlis xangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebis optimaluri temperatura 15-20°Chaeris optimaluri tenianoba 70-80%niadagis optimaluri tenianoba 60-70% niadagis ares optimaluri reaqcia pH 6,5-7,0kritikuli temperaturuli minimumi -6°С-dan -8°С-mdekritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 20°С-ze metisasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi baRHeuli da parkosani kulturebi, kombosto, xaxvi, Zirxvenebi, simindiarasasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi salaTa, tarxuna, artiSoki

foTlovani salaTa

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. salaTas teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• jeradoba: 10-15 da meti

• TiToeuli morwyvis saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze: 30-40 m3 (wveTovani morwyvis sistemiT)

• tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: vegetaciis yvela etapi

• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimebiT, wveTovani, an kvleb-Si miSvebis meTodiT.

mosavlis aReba/SenaxvasalaTas aReba xdeba adreulad 5-7 foTlis fazaSi, wayinvebis dawyebamde. Ria gruntSi dagvianebiT aReba iwvevs foTlebis gauxeSebas da ayvavilebas. saTburis pirobebSi misi aReba foTlebis sasaqonlo saxis miRwevis Semdeg nebismier dros aris SesaZlebeli. aReba xdeba mcenaris miwidan amoTxriT. gasufTaveba daxarisxebis Semdeg pro-duqcia konebad ikvreba da daniSnulebis adgilze igzavneba. SenaxvisaTvis gankuTvnili salaTa swrafad unda gacivdes. igi unda inaxebodes 0°C temperaturis da 98-100% fardobiTi tenianobis pirobebSi. salaTis yvela saxeobisTvis Senaxvis maqsimaluri vada 4 kviras ar aRemateba.



Setanis vada








salaTas HiTilebis gadargvamde totaluri glifosati

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia:yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koe-ficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 4,4 kg, fosfori 1,28 kg da kaliumi 6,0 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

morwyva



fesvis sidample vegetaciis periodSi, saWiroebis mixedviT

propamokarb-hidroqloridi+al.foseTili

Wraqi, sidample, damwvroba da sxva daavadebebis kompleqsi

bordos narevi

nacari trifloqsistrobini

penkonazoli

mavneblebi: salaTas buzi, salaTas Reros bugri

deltametrini

lambda-cihalotrini

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebisalaTas mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agro-teqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.


saSemodgomo qeri “zes 5” vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 210-220 dRes, xolo mosavlianoba ki aRwevs 5,7 tonamde 1 ha-ze.

sagazafxulo qeri “alaverdi 1”

vegetaciis xangrZlivoba 120-125 dRea. SemodgomiT Tesvisas mosavali 4,5 tonas Seadgens ha-ze. gazafxulze Tesvisas ki 3,5 tonas.

axalTesli vegetaciis xangrZlivoba aris 210-220 dRe. ormwkriviani jiSia, gamoirHeva cile-bis maRali SemcvelobiT.

qeri



niadagis ganoyiereba — VII-VIII

moxvna — VII-VIII

dadiskva-kultivacia — IX

daTesva — X-XI

wamlobebi — III-IV

mosavlis aReba — VI-VII

Tesvis wesebi da normebi qeri iTeseba xorblis saTesi specialuri manqanebiT. viwro 15 sm-ian mwkrivebad. mimarTaven jvaredin daTesvasac.niadagur-klimaturi pirobebis mixedviT erT ha-ze daiTeseba 160-200 kg Tesli. HaTesvis siRrme msubuq niadagebze 7-8, teniT uzrun-velyofil niadagebze 4-5 sm-iT ganisazRvreba. qarian adgilebSi qeri ufro Rrmad, 8-9 sm-ze daiTeseba.maRalefeqturia naTesebis motkepvna. igi xels Seuw-yobs naTesis Tanabarzomier ganviTarebas. naTesebs daicavs qarismieri eroziisgan.daTesva unda emTxveodes periods, roca dRe-Ramuri temperatura 12-15°С-ia.

niadagis damuSavebaqerisaTvis niadagis damuSavebis sistema damokidebu-lia adgilobriv pirobebze da winamorbed kultureb-ze. saToxni kulturebisagan ganTavisuflebuli nia-dagi 12-14 sm. siRrmeze moixvneba Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT. am SemTxvevaSi niadagi kargad muSavdeba da mzaddeba qeris dasaTesad.Tu qeri nabalaxarze iTeseba, niadagi agvistoSi unda moixnas 25-27 sm. siRrmeze.im SemTxvevaSi Tu qeri naxorblarze iTeseba, niadagi mosavlis aRebisTanave moixvneba 20-22 sm. siRrmeze.niadagis damuSavebis win Seitaneba organul-minera-luri sasuqebis saWiro raodenoba.qeris daTesvamde Hatardeba xnulis kultivacia, xolo daTesvamde 1-2 dRiT adre — gafxviereba 5-6 sm. siRrmeze. am dros HaTesil marcvals Seeqmneba aRmocene bisaTvis ukeTesi pirobebi.


laTinuri dasaxeleba Hordeum vulgarebotanikuri ojaxi marcvlovani sicocxlis xangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebis optimaluri temperatura 18-25°Chaeris optimaluri tenianoba 65-70%niadagis optimaluri tenianoba 70-75% niadagis ares optimaluri reaqcia pH 6,0-7,0kritikuli temperaturuli minimumi -3°С-dan -5°С-mdekritikuli temperaturuli maqsimumi 30°Сsasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi simindi, Warxali, kartofili, baRHeuli da parkosani kulturebiarasasurveli winamorbedi kulturebi TavTaviani kulturebi

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. qeris teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• jeradoba: 2

• erTiani norma 1 ha-ze: 1800-2100 m3 • tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: Teslis gaRivebis,

bartyobis da tanis ayris fazebSi.• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimebiT an miSvebis meTo-

diT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvamosavlis aRebisas gasaTvaliswinebelia jiSis Taviseburebebi. gavrcelebuli wesia mosavlis kombainiT aReba. am dros yana kargad unda iyos Semosuli da marcvali srulad momwifebuli, raTa is kargad ilewebodes. mosav-lis aRebis momentisaTvis marcvlis tenianoba 16-17%-ze meti ar unda iyos.mcenaris moWris simaRle damokidebulia yanis mdgomareobaze. mSral adgilebSi yana 15-20 sm. simaRleze, xolo ufro tenian adgilebSi ufro maRla moiWreba.galewili marcvali kaloze gadaizideba, sadac moxdeba marcvlis ganiaveba-gasufTaveba.



Setanis vada








erTwliani orlebniani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg

seleqciuri iodosulfuroni+ amidosulfuroni+ mefenpir-dieTili

marcvlovani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg (m. S. Svriuka)

seleqciuri pinoqsadeni

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia:yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad, SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 37,2 kg., fosfori 22,6 kg., kaliumi 43,2 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

morwyva



daavadebebi: magari gudafSuta, mtvriana gudafSuta da sxv.


tebukonazoli

difenokonazoli+ciprokonazoli

daavadebebi vegetaciisas (Janga, nacari da sxv.) vegetaciis periodSi,

saWiroebis mixedviT

tebukonazoli+ spiroqsamini+ triadimenoli

mavnebelTa kompleqsi lambda-cihalotrini

deltametrini

kaliebi qlorpirifosi

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebiqeris mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteq-nikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazi-anebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da damuSavebuli saTesle masalis gamoyeneba.


kasperi F1 TviTSemfuTavi da maRalmosavliani sagviano hibridia, vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 85-95 dRes (gadargvidan).

briusi F1 TviTSemfuTavia. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 55-60 dRes. erTi Tavis saSua-lo masa 3-dan 5 kg-mdea.

fremonti F1 saSualod saadreo TviTSemfuTavi hibridia. Tavebis saSualo masa 1,5 kg-mdea. vegetacia grZeldeba gadargvidan 70-75 dRis ganmavlobaSi.

yvavilovanikombosto




moxvna II-III X-XII


HiTilis gadargva II-III da VI-VII IV-V da VI-VII

wamlobebi IV-VI da VI-VII IV-VI da VI-VII

mosavlis aReba VI-VII da X-XI VI-VII da X-XI

niT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. aseve aRsaniSnavia, rom niadagis mulHireba xels uwyobs mosavlianobis gazrdas.

Tesvis wesebi da normebi yvavilovani kombosto ZiriTadad HiTilis meTodiT moiyvaneba. HiTilebis gamosayvanad warmatebiT gamoi-yeneba saHiTile kasetebi da specialurad momzadebu-li sakvebi substrati. HiTilis gamoyvana Ria gruntSi gadargvamde 30-35 dRiT adre iwyeba. HiTilebis gamoy-vanis optimaluri pirobebia: aRmocenebisTvis 18-20°C, xolo zrda-ganviTarebisTvis ki 14-18°C temperatura. erT ha-ze dasargavad saWiro HiTilis raodenoba damokidebulia moyvanis vadebze, savegetacio peri-odis xangrZlivobasa da jiSebis/hibridebis zrdis siZliereze. mcenareTa saSualo raodenoba 25-30 aTasamdea 1 ha-ze.

niadagis damuSavebayvavilovani kombostosTvis saukeTesoa stuqturi-ani, sakvebi nivTierebebiT mdidari, kargi haeraciis da wyalgamtari niadagi. yvavilovani kombostos, gazafxulze gadasargavad, niadagi mzralad ixvneba SemodgomiT, 25-03 sm-siRrme-ze. am dros moxvna unda ganxorcieldes winamorbedi kulturis aRebis, an nawveralis aHeHvis Semdeg. xolo Tu yvavilovani kombostos dargva dagegmilia zafxu-lis bolosTvis, am SemTxvevaSi niadagi unda momzad-des dargvamde 1-2 TviT adre. dasavleT saqarTveloSi niadagi ixvneba gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi an adre gazafxulze. am arealis Warbtenian adgilebSi niada-gis moxvna ZiriTadad warmoebs adre gazafxulze.gadargvis win warmoebs mzralis dargviswina damu-Saveba: tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm, siRrmeze, Tan-miyolebuli dafarcxviT. kargad gafxvierebis miz-


laTinuridasaxeleba Brassica botrytis Mill.botanikuriojaxi jvarosanTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 15-18°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 85-90%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 75-80%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 7,0-7,5kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -2°С-dan-3°С-mdekritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 35°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi gogrovnebi,saadreopomidoridakartofili,xaxviTavTavianida parkosanikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi kombostosnairebi

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. yvavilovani kombostos teniT uzrunvelyofis sao-rientacio normebia:• jeradoba: 5-10 da meti• TiToeuli morwyvis saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze:

350-400 m3 (wveTovani morwyviT - 35-40 m3)• tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: gaRivebis, aRmocene-

bis, yvavilobis, gadargvis da nayofebis zrda- formirebis fazebi.

• morwyvis meTodi: wveTovani, dawvimebis, an kvlebSi miSvebis meTodiT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvayvavilovani kombosto araerTdroulad Semodis. mosavlis aReba SerHeviT xdeba, roca Tavebi sasurvel sidides miaRwevs. Tavebis moWris Semdeg saWiroa gacieba. gaciebis Semdeg daxarisxebuli Tavebi polieTilenis pake-tebiT 0°C-ze inaxeba 2-4 Tvis ganmavlobaSi. am pirobebSi igi ar kargavs sasaqonlo xarisxs.



Setanis vada




nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 40 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanisas saWiroa: azoti 47,5, fosfori 44, kaliumi 120 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).




yvela tipis sarevela - kombostos gadargvamde, an daTesvamde

totaluri glifosati


seleqciuri fluazitop-p-buTili

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia:yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koe-ficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 8,25, fosfori 4,8, kaliumi 12,0 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

morwyva



fesvis sidample HiTilebis Sewamvla gadargvamde


daavadebebis kompleqsi (Wraqi, fomozi da sxv.)



mankocebi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi (xvatari, TeTrula da sxv.)


flubendiamidi

alfa-cipermetrini

deltametrini

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebiyvavilovani kombostos mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani me-qanikuri da agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.


samanderi F1 maRalmosavliania, aqvs aromatuli nayofebi. saadreo hibridia, vegetaciis xan-grZlivoba Seadgens 55-65 dRes (gadargvidan).

cigani F1 saadreo hibridia, xasiaTdeba maRalosavlianobiT da aqvs aromatuli nayofebi. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba: 55-65 dRe (gadargvidan).

taivanuri saSualod-saadreoa, aqvs didi zomis nayofebi. vegetacia grZeldeba 60-75 dRe (gadargvidan).

wiwaka




moxvna II-III X-XII


HiTilis gadargva V-VI VI-VI

wamlobebi V-X V-X

mosavlis aReba VII-XI VII-X


laTinuridasaxeleba Capsicum annuum L.botanikuriojaxi ZaRlyurZenasebrTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 23-27°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-70%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 80-85%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,0-6,6kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -0,3°С-dan-0,5°С-mdekritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 35-36°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi TavTaviani,baRHeulidaparkosanikulturebi, kombosto,xaxvi,Zirxvenebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi kartofili,badrijani,wiwaka,Tambaqo, pomidori

Tesvis wesebi da normebi wiwaka ZiriTadad HiTilis gadargvis meTodiT moiyva-neba.HiTilis gamoyvana Ria gruntSi gadargvamde 45-50 dRiT adre iwyeba. gadargvisas HiTils 8-9 namdvili foToli da 20-25 sm simaRle unda hqondes. umjobesia Tesli spe-cialurad gankuTvnil kasetebSi daiTesos. HiTilis ga-moyvanis optimaluri temperatura meryeobs 20-27°С-is farglebSi.kasetebSi aRzrdili HiTilebi gadargvisas naklebad ganicdis stress, rac ukeT gaxarebis did SesaZleblo-bas iZleva. am dros naklebia meHxerianoba, maRalia mosavali. 1 ha-ze HiTilebis saWiro raodenoba dargvis sqemaze da jiSis an hibridis zrdis Taviseburebazea damokide-buli. igi meryeobs 28,6-71,4 aTasi mcenaris farglebSi.

niadagis damuSavebaidealuria niadagi, romelic gazafxulze adre da kargad Tbeba, kargad atarebs haersa da wyals, aqvs fxvi eri struqtura da mdidaria sakvebiT.dasargavad gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqar-TveloSi saWiroa moixnas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siR-rmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZ-lebelia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazafxulze. amave arealis Warbtenian adgilebSi niadagi ZiriTa-dad gazafxulze ixvneba. gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. aseve aRsaniSnavia rom niadagis mulHireba xels uwyobs mosavlianobis gazrdas.

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. wiwakis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• jeradoba: 10-15 da meti

• TiToeuli morwyvis saorientacio norma: wveTo-vani morwyviT 80-100 m3/ha-ze

• tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: gaRivebis, aRmocene-bis, yvavilobis, gadargvis da nayofebis zrda- formirebis fazebi.


mosavlis aReba/Senaxvawiwaka araerTdroulad Semodis. mokrefa iwyeba maSin, roca nayofi jiSisaTvis damaxasiaTebel fers da formas miiRebs. krefa mimdinareobs periodulad, yovel 5-6 dReSi. aradrouli mokrefisas wiwakis mosavali sagrZnob-lad mcirdeba. nayofebi yunwiT ikrifeba. daxarisxeba-gasufTavebis Semdeg nayofebi maTTvis gankuTvnil tara-Si, an polieTilenis tomrebSi Halagdeba da daniSnulebis mixedviT gaigzavneba, an inaxeba specialur macivreb-Si: 7-11°С temperaturis da 80-95% haeris SefardebiTi tenianobis pirobebSi.



Setanis vada




nakeli mzralad moxvnis win 1 ha-ze 30 tona gadamwvari nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 97,2 kg, fosfori 118,6 kg, kaliumi 163,2 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).




wiwakis Ria gruntSi gadargvamde totaluri glifosati

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia:yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koe-ficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 4,4 kg, fosfori 3,52 kg, kaliumi 6,24 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).

morwyva




propamokarb-hidroqloridi+ aluminis foseTili

daavadebebi (alternaria, anTraqnozi, verticeliozi da sxv.)



bordos narevi

mavnebelTa kompleqsi (bugrebi, xva-tari, Trifsi da sxv.)

deltametrini

imidaklopridi


abameqtini

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebiwiwakis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agro-teqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.


sxvlisis saSualod-saadreoa, gamoirHeva kargi SenaxvisunarianobiT. vegetaciis xangrZli-voba: 112-115 dRe.

vanis maRalmosavliani jiSia, vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 140-142 dRes. gamoirHeva kargi SenaxvisunarianobiT.

kaxuri muqi-vardisferi naxevrad-cxare saSualod-saadreo jiSia. vegetacia grZeldeba 105-110 dRis ganmavlobaSi.

xaxvi




moxvna II-III X-XII


daTesva II-III an X II-III an X

wamlobebi IV-VIII IV-VIII

mosavlis aReba IV-VIII VII-VIII

Tesvis wesebi da normebi xaxvi zusti saTesi manqaniT iTeseba zolebrivad. erT ha-ze iTeseba 650-1200 aTasi Tesli. HaTesvis siRrme 2-2,5 sm-ia. mcire farTobebze xaxvi mwkrivebad iTese-ba, xeliT. am dros mwkrivTa Soris daSoreba unda iyos 30-45 sm. gamoxSirvis Semdeg mcenareTa Soris 3-4 sm. darHeba. xaxvi moiyvaneba kvniwis dargviTac.xaxvi SesaZlebelia HiTilis gadargviTac iqnas moy-vanili. am SemTxvevaSi saHiTile kasetis ujrebSi dai-Teseba 5-6 cali Tesli. gadargva saWiroa maSin, roca mcenareebs ganuviTardebaT 3-4 foToli. xSirad mi-marTaven gameH xerebis Semdeg mcenareebis axal adgil-ze gadargvas. aRsaniSnavia rom zusti saTesi manqanebiT xaxvis daTesva uzrunvelyofs aRmonacenis Tanabarzomie-rebas, ar aris saWiro gamoxSirvisaTvis saWiro muSax-eli, Sedegad izrdeba warmoebis efeqturoba.

niadagis damuSavebaxaxvisaTvis idealuria niadagi, romelic gazafxulze adre da kargad Tbeba, kargad atarebs haersa da wyals, aqvs fxvieri struqtura da mdidaria sakvebi elemen-tebiT.dasaTesad gankuTvnili niadagi aRmosavleT saqar-TveloSi saWiroa moixnas Semodgomaze, 25-30 sm. siR-rmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna Sesa-Zlebelia gvian Semodgomaze, zamTarSi, an gazafxulze. am arealis Warbtenian adgilebSi niadagi ZiriTadad gazafxulze ixvneba. gazafxulze xdeba mzralis Tesviswina damuSaveba. daTesvamde tardeba 2 kultivacia 10-12 sm. siRrmeze, Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT.kargad gafxvierebis mizniT SesaZlebelia niadags dasWirdes dafrezva. aseve aRsaniSnavia rom niadagis mulHireba xels uwyobs mosavlianobis gazrdas. xaxvis Semodgomis periodSi daTesvisaTvis saWiroa niadagi 2-3 TviT adre momzaddes.


laTinuridasaxeleba Alium cepa L.botanikuriojaxi SroSanisebrTa sicocxlisxangrZlivoba orwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 20-25°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 60-65%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-80%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,4-7,5kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -17°С-dan-18°С-mdekritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 30-35°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi TavTaviani,baRHeulidaparkosanikulturebi, saadreokombosto,kitri,kartofili,pomidoriarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi xaxvi,niori,prasa

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. xaxvis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio norme-bia:• jeradoba: 10-15 da meti

• TiToeuli morwyvis saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze: wveTovani morwyvisas, adgilobrivi pirobebis mixedviT 30-dan 35 m3-mde.

• tenze moTxovnis maqsimumi: gaRivebis, aRmocene-bis da bolqvebis formirebis periodebi.


mosavlis aReba/Senaxvaxaxvis mosavlis aReba iwyeba maSin, roca farTobze mTlianad gaxmeba foTlebis 30-40%. aReba xdeba manqanebiT, an xeliT. mosavlis aReba warmoebs mSral da mzian amindSi. gaSrobis, xmeli foHis mocilebis da daxarisxebis Semdeg xaxvi badurebSi iyreba da daniSnulebis adgilze gaigzavneba. Sesanaxad gankuTvnil xaxvis bolqvebs foHs aWrian bolqvidan 6-8 sm-is daSorebiT. xaxvi inaxeba 0°Сdan 3°С-mde temperaturis da 70% haeris SefardebiTi tenianobis pirobebSi.



Setanis vada




nakeli winamorbedi kulturis qveS 1 ha-ze 30 tona nakelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: azoti 86, fosfori 60, kaliumi 100 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi).




yvela tipis sarevela — daTesvamde, an HiTilebis dargvamde

totaluri glifosati


seleqciuri ioqsinili

oqsifluofeni



sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia:yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad wveTovani morwyvis gamoyenebiT da SeTvisebis koe-ficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 4,72, fosfori 2,7, kaliumi 5,6 kg. (sufTa nivTierebebi)

morwyva



daavadebebis kompleqsi (Savi obi, fuzariozi, Wraqi da sxv.)



meTirami

trifloqsistrobini

fenamidoni+propamokarbhidroqloridi

xaxvis buzi da sxva mavnebelTa kompleqsi


TiameToqsami

qlorpirifosi

dimeToati

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebixaxvis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agroteq-nikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazi-anebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da daavadebebisadmi gamZle jiSebis warmoeba.


ufxo 1 vegetaciis xangrZlivoba Seadgens 270-275 dRes, 1000 cali marcvlis masa 46 gra mam-dea. maRalmosavliani jiSia, misi saSualo mosavali Seadgens 4-5 tonas erT ha-ze.

lomTagora 123 gamoirHeva mdgradobiT Hawolisadmi. 1000 cali marcvlis masa Seadgens 52 grams. vegetacia grZeldeba 260-265 dRis ganmavlobaSi. saSualo mosavlianoba — 4-5 t/ha-ze.

sauli 9 gvalvagamZlea. 1000 c. marcvlis masa 40-44 gramia. vegetaciis xangrZlivoba grZelde-ba 260-270 dRe.

varZia advilad ileweba, gamZlea Hawolisa da gvalvisadmi vegetacia grZeldeba 230-235 dRis ganmavlobaSi. 1000 c. marcvlis masa 41-44 gramia.

axalcixis wiTeli doli kargad itans zamTars da gamoirHeva gvalvagamZleobiT. 1000 c. marcvlis masa — 32-40 grams Seadgens, xolo vegetacia ki grZeldeba 240-245 dRis ganmavlobaSi.

xorbali

sabaziso agrokalendariagroRonisZieba das. saqarTvelo aRm. saqarTvelo

niadagis ganoyiereba IX VII-VIII

moxvna IX VII-VIII

dadiskva-kultivacia IX IX

daTesva XI IX-XI

wamlobebi III-IV III-IV

mosavlis aReba VI VI-VII

Taros 3-4 da meti nabartyi. am dros xorbals kargad aqvs ganviTarebuli mwvane masa da fesvTa sistema.

Tesvis wesebi da normebi xorbali iTeseba xorblis saTesi specialuri manqane-biT. viwro, 15 sm-ian mwkrivebad. mimarTaven jvaredin daTesvasac. niadagur-klimaturi pirobebis mixedviT erT ha-ze daiTeseba 150-dan 220 kg-mde Tesli. HaTesvis siRrme msubuq niadagebze 7-8, teniT uzrun-velyofil niadagebze 4-5 sm-iT ganisazRvreba. qarian adgilebSi xorbali ufo Rrmad 8-9 sm-ze daiTeseba.Tesva im varaudiT unda Hatardes, rom mas hqondes savegetacio periodi 45-55 dRe saSualo dRe-Ramuri temperatura ar unda iyos 5°С-ze dabali.xorblis daTesva unda emTxveodes periods, roca saSualo dRe-Ramuri temperatura 14-17°С-ia. aseve maRalefeqturia naTesebis motkepvna. es xels uwyobs naTesis Tanabarzomier ganviTarebas da daicavs maT qarismieri eroziisgan.

niadagis damuSavebaxorblisaTvis niadagis damuSavebis sistema damoki-debulia adgilobriv pirobebze da winamorbed kul-turebze. saToxni kulturebisagan ganTavisuflebu-li niadagi 12-14 sm. siRrmeze ixvneba Tanmiyolebuli dafarcxviT. am SemTxvevaSi niadagi kargad muSavdeba da mzaddeba xorblis dasaTesad. Tu xorbali nabala-xarze iTeseba, niadagi agvistoSi unda moixnas 25-27 sm. siRrmeze. im SemTxvevaSi Tu xorbali naxorblarze iTeseba, niadagi mosavlis aRebisTanave moixvneba 20-22 sm. siRrmeze. niadagis damuSavebis win Seitaneba or-ganul-mineraluri sasuqebis saWiro raodenoba.xorblis daTesvamde Hatardeba xnulis kultivacia, xolo daTesvamde 1-2 dRiT adre — gafxviereba 5-6 sm. siRrmeze. am dros HaTesil marcvals Seeqmneba aRmo-cenebisaTvis ukeTesi pirobebi. mniSvnelovani faqtoria Tesvis vadebis dacva. saSe-modgomo xorbali kargad izamTrebs da maRal mosav-als iZleva, roca is dazamTrebamde aswrebs ganivi-


laTinuridasaxeleba Triticum aestivum L.botanikuriojaxi marcvlovani sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 22-25°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 65-70%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-75%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,0-7,0kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -25°С-dan-20°С-mdekritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 40°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi simindi,Warxali,kartofili,baRHeulida parkosanikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi TavTavianikulturebi

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morwyvis jeradoba da normebi damokidebulia niada-gis tenianobis maHvenebelsa da mcenaris ganviTarebis calkeul fazebze. xorblis teniT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio normebia:• jeradoba: 3

• morwyvis erTiani saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze: 2000-2500 m3

• tenisadmi moTxovnis periodi: Teslis gaRive-bis, bartyobis da tanis ayris fazebSi.

• morwyvis meTodi: dawvimebiT, an miSvebis meTo-diT.

mosavlis aReba/Senaxvagavrcelebuli wesia mosavlis kombainiT aReba. am dros xorblis yana kargad unda iyos Semosuli da marcva-li srulad momwifebuli, raTa is kargad ilewebodes. mosavlis aRebis momentisaTvis marcvlis tenianoba 16-17%-ze meti ar unda iyos. mcenaris moWris simaRle damokidebulia yanis mdgomareobaze. mSral adgilebSi yana 15-20 sm. simaRleze, xolo tenian adgilebSi ufro maRla unda moiWras. galewili marcvali kaloze gadaizideba, sadac moxdeba marcvlis ganiaveba-gasufTaveba.

gamokvebis zogadi saorientacio norma 1 ha-ze 5,0 tona mosavlis misaRebad


Setanis vada








erTwliani orlebniani sarevelebis winaaRmdeg

seleqciuri amidosulfuroni+mefenpir-dieTili

marcvlovani sarevelebis seleqciuri fenoqsaprop-p-eTili+ mefenpirdieTili

sakvebi nivTierebebiT uzrunvelyofis saorientacio sistema*zogadiinformacia:yoveli erTi tona mosavlis misaRebad, SeTvisebis koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saWiroa: azoti 42,0 kg., fosfori 23,0 kg., kaliumi 38,4 kg (sufTa nivTierebebi).

morwyva



daavadebebi: magari gudafSuta, mtvriana gudafSuta da sxv.


tebukonazoli, piraklostrobini+tritikonazoli

difenokonazoli+ciprokonazoli

daavadebebi vegetaciisas (Janga, nacari da sxv.)


tebukonazoli+ spiroqsamini+ triadimenoli

mavnebelTa kompleqsi lambda-cihalotrini

deltametrini

kaliebi qlorpirifosi

mavnebel-daavadebebis da sarevelebis winaaRmdeg brZolis sxva meTodebixorblis mavne organizmebisa da sarevelebisagan dacvis mimarTulebiT aseve mniSvnelovani meqanikuri da agro-teqnikuri RonisZiebebia: kulturaTa monacvleoba, niadagis movliTi samuSaoebis xarisxiani ganxorcieleba, dazianebuli mcenareebis mocileba/ganadgureba da damuSavebuli saTesle masalis gamoyeneba.


laTinuridasaxeleba Triticum aestivum L.botanikuriojaxi marcvlovani sicocxlisxangrZlivoba erTwlianiganviTarebisoptimaluritemperatura 22-25°Chaerisoptimaluritenianoba 65-70%niadagisoptimaluritenianoba 70-75%niadagisaresoptimalurireaqciapH 6,0-7,0kritikulitemperaturuliminimumi -25°С-dan-20°С-mdekritikulitemperaturulimaqsimumi 40°Сsasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi simindi,Warxali,kartofili,baRHeulida parkosanikulturebiarasasurveliwinamorbedikulturebi TavTavianikulturebi

kulturis zogadi daxasiaTeba · siRrmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZlebelia gvian...

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Transcript of kulturis zogadi daxasiaTeba · siRrmeze. xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki moxvna SesaZlebelia gvian...