1oqtomberi, 2015

sabavSvo gazeTi, V-VI klasi, N6 oqtomberi, 2015

k i T x v i s d r o

gagrZeleba me-2 gv.

Sexede suraTs!

Seni azriT, ra aris masze gamosaxuli? dedamiwis ori sxvadasxva foto? ara, maT­gan mxolod erTia dedamiwa, meore ki misi axlad aRmoCenili oreulia. aba, Tu mixvde­bi, am oridan romelia Cveni planeta? mgoni, dameTanxmebi, amis garCeva arc ise advilia.

ukve didi xania, mecnierebi kosmosSi iseT planetas eZeben, sadac SesaZloa si­cocxle arsebobdes. sul cota xnis win ki maT dedamiwis oreuls miagnes. is mzis msgavsi Soreuli varskvlavis garSemo moZ­raobs. axlad aRmoCenili planeta garegnu­lad Zalian hgavs dedamiwas. SeiZleba, masze sicocxlisTvis saWiro pirobebic iyos. Tumca Cvengan 1400 sinaTlis wliT aris daSorebuli. am manZilze ki Tanamedrove kosmosuri aparatiT masTan miRwevas sauku­neebi dasWirdeba.

dedamiwis oreulis `misamarTi~ kosmosSi: galaqtika _ `irmis naxtomi~, `gedis Tanavar­skvlavedi~;

daSoreba dedamiwidan: 1400 sinaTlis we­li wadi;

masTan misaRwevad saWiro dro Taname-drove kosmosuri safreni aparatiT: ramden­ime aseuli saukune.

mzis garda kosmosSi uamravi varskvla­via. zogierTi maTgani mzeze bevrad didi da cxelicaa. xSirad maT garSemo egzo­planetebi1 moZraoben. Cven vxedavT Soreul varskvlavebs, magram ar gvaqvs saSualeba mkafiod davinaxoT maT garSemo moZravi planetebi, radgan isini civi sxeulebia da mxolod areklili sinaTlis wyalobiT anaTeben, rogorc mTvare. swored egzo­planetebze `sanadirod~ aamoqmeda NASA­m `kepleris~ mZlavri teleskopi 2009 wels. mi zani iyo, daedginaT, ramdenad xSi rad gvxvde ba dedamiwis msgavsi planetebi ga­laq tikaSi.

misia 2009 wlis martSi daiwyo da 6 wlis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeboda. dakvir­ve bisTvis SearCies Zalian mcire monakveTi `gedis Tanavarskvlavedis~ mimarTulebiT. Tum ca, amis miuxedavad, daaxloebiT 4500­mde ciur sxeuls miakvlies. aqedan 1000

sinaTlis weli _ manZili, romelsac sinaT-lis sxivi gadis erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi. daaxloebiT udris 1013 (anu 10000000000000)

kilometrs.

axali aRmoCena kosmosSi, anu ,,`dedamiwa 2~

1egzoplaneta _ planeta, romelic mzis sis-temis gareT, sxva varskvlavis garSemo bru-navs. egzoplanetebze masalas amave gaze-Tis meoTxe nomerSi naxav.

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Ad-ministration) – kosmosuri sivrcis kvlevis erovnuli sammarTvelo aSS-Si. daarsda 1958 wlis 29 ivliss.

2 oqtomberi, 2015

k i T x v i s d r o

namd vilad planeta aRmoCnda2, magram maTgan mxolod erTi, `kepler 452b~ hgavs yvelaze metad dedamiwas.

mas Tavisi mnaTobisgan daaxloebiT im­denive manZili aSorebs, ramdenic dedamiwas _ mzisgan. es imas niSnavs, rom SeiZleba `kepler 452b~­ze wyali Txevadi saxiT arsebobdes. Tu planetaze wyali Txevadi saxiT gvxvdeba, didi Sansia, iq sicocxlec iyos. samwuxarod, `ke­pler 452b~­ze xelovnuri Tanamgzavris daS­veba SeuZlebelia, radgan iq miRwevas Taname­drove teqnikis pirobebSi, rogorc ukve ici, aseulobiT saukune dasWirdeba.

`kepler 452b~ gars uvlis varskvlavs, ro­melic zomiT da temperaturiT mzes hgavs, magram ufro Zvelia, daaxloebiT 6 miliar­di wlisaa, maSin roca mzis asaki 4,6 mili­ardi welia. `kepler 452b~ dedamiwaze daax­loebiT 1,5 miliardi wliT ufrosi, anu 6 miliardi wlis gamodis, es ki sakmarisi droa plane taze sicocxlis gasaviTareblad, Tuki iq saamiso pirobebi arsebobs. magram amis dasad genad saWiroa dedamiwis oreulze ufro sa fuZvliani dakvirveba. jerjerobiT

egzoplanetebs detalurad ver akvirdebian. 2018 wlisTvis NASA-s dagegmili aqvs axali, kidev ufro mZlavri teleskopis damzadeba. is saSualebas miscems mecnierebs, axalaR­moCenil planetebs ukeTesad daakvirdnen da daadginon, marTla aris Tu ara iq sicocxle da Tu aris, ra formiT.

pirveli gverdidan

damatebiTi davaleba - Seityve meti dedamiwis oreulzedaakvirdi fotoebs. maTi saSualebiT Seadgine dedamiwisa da misi oreulis, `kepler

452b~­s maxasiaTeblebis cxrili3.

e) daSoreba sakuTari mnaTobidan

a) radiusi: b) masa g) temperatura

d) orbitaze brun vis periodi /we li wadis xangrZlivoba

2`kepleris~ misia axlac grZeldeba, amitom SeiZleba aRmoCenili egzoplanetebis ricxvi uaxloes periodSi kidev gaizardos.

3 planeta `kepler 452b~-s zusti maxasiaTeblebis gansazRvra jerjerobiT SeuZlebelia, amitom mecnierebi masze warmodgenis Sesaqmnelad kompiuteruli modelirebis xerxs mimarTaven.

3oqtomberi, 2015

k i T x v i s d r o

ra aris sasaqonlo niSani?sasaqonlo niSani aris simbolo an simbo­

loTa erTianoba, romelic erTi sawarmos produqcias (an momsaxurebas) meore sawarmos produqciisgan (an momsaxurebisgan) ganasxva­vebs. sasaqonlo niSani SeiZleba iyos: sityva an sityvebis, asoebis, cifrebis kombinacia. SeiZleba Seicavdes naxatebs, gamosaxulebas, simbolos, samganzomilebian niSans, musikas, bgerebs, surnels, ferebs... SeiZleba iyos produqciis forma, SefuTva an gaformeba feris Tu ferTa kombinaciis gamoyenebiT.

jer kidev uZvelesi droidan iyo gavr­celebuli sakuTari produqciis daniSvna raime niSniT. mWedlebs saamisod sakuTari damRa hqondaT saxelis, inicialebis an sim­bolos gamosaxulebiT. meTuneebic raimes axatavdnen, awerdnen Tavis nakeTobas. feiq­rebi fardagebze an qsovilebze aqargavdnen sakuTar gvar­saxels, inicialebs. mxatvre­bic awerdnen saxels namuSevrebs...

mogvianebiT Camoyalibda sasaqonlo niS­nis daregistrirebisa da dacvis sistema. igi gvexmareba, sworad amovicnoT da SeviZinoT sasurveli produqti an momsaxureba. mflo­bels ki icavs misi produqciis gayalbebisgan.

sasaqonlo niSanze gansakuTrebuli uf­leba moqmedebs 10 wlis vadiT. Tumca is SeiZleba gagrZeldes yoveli momdevno 10 wliT, Tu gadaixdian vadis gagrZelebisa­Tvis dawesebul safasurs.

mflobels SeuZlia sxvas mihyidos sasa­qonlo niSani, anu sxvas mianiWos misi gamo­yenebis ufleba. xolo Tu nebismier sasaqon­lo niSans vinme specialuri uflebis gareSe gamoiyenebs, dajarimdeba.

Zveli sasaqonlo niSnebipirveli sasaqonlo niSani

oficialurad daregistrirda gaerTianebul samefoSi 1876 wels da es iyo ludsaxarSis logo Bass.

koka­kolac aseve erT­erTi yvelaze Zve­li sasaqonlo niSania. is daregistrirda

1893 wels. dRes am sasaqonlo niSnis Ri rebuleba 74 mi­liardi aSS dola­ria.

erT­erTi yvelaze cnobili sasaqonlo niSani aris Cupa­Cup­sis gamosaxuleba. is cnobilma mxatvarma, salvador dalim, da­xata 1969 wels. Cupa­Cupsis es gamosaxuleba 1969 wlis Semdeg ar Secvli­la.

cnobili sasaqonlo niSnebiesa Tu is sasaqonlo niSani raRac Sinaar­

ss Seicavs, romelic dakavSirebulia pro­duqciasTan.

rogorc xedav, Apple­s logos mokbeCili vaSlis forma aqvs. logos forma aRebulia bibliu­ri epizodidan adam da evas Se­saxeb. misi mizani `codnis xis~ nayofis ga­sinjva, anu codnasTan ziarebaa.

sportuli tansacmlis kom­pania `adidasi~ msoflioSi cno­bili brendia. misi saxelwodeba damaarseblis saxelisa da gvaris mixedviT aris Sedgenili, xolo logos sakmaod ori­ginaluri datvirTva aqvs. sami diagonaluri xazi aRniSnavs mTas, anu dabrkolebas, rome­lic unda gadavlaxoT.

avtomobili `folksvagenis~ logo metad martivi da konkretu­lia. masSi advilad SeiZleba davi­naxoT ori laTinuri aso: `V~ da `W~. saqme isaa, rom `volks~ germanulad niSna­vs xalxs, xolo `wagen~ – manqanas. anu sityva mTlianad iSifreba rogorc `xalxis manqana~.

amazoni msoflioSi yvelaze gavrcelebu­li `onlain Sopingis~ kompaniaa, sadac nebis­mieri ramis SeZena SegiZliaT. asoebs Soris arsebuli isari mianiSnebs kmayofili momx­mareblis Rimilze. igi aseve aCvenebs, rom aq iyideba anbanis nebismier asoze dawyebuli nebismieri dasaxele­bis produ­qti.

sasaqonlo niSani

4 oqtomberi, 2015

k i T x v i s d r o

sakvebi produqtebi

rogorc amboben, am produqts, calke aRe­buls, gemo TiTqmis ara aqvs. Tu mas daumateb moSuSul stafilos, sokos aromati eqneba, xolo Tu pamidvris sousiT Sekazmav _ xorcis. aba, Tu mixvdebi, romel produqtzea saubari?

saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxeSi mas gansxvave­buli saxeliT icnoben: qvalobio, ZaZa, uxarSava, cercvala, muxudo, iaponiis lobio, soio, soia­lo­bia... botanikur leqsikonSi misi saxelia soia.

soia daaxloebiT 2 metris simaRlis parko­sani mcenarea. yavisferi an ruxi feris parkebi aqvs. TiTo parkSi moTavsebulia 1­dan 4­mde pa­tara, Ria feris, mrgvali marcvali. advili mo­savlelia da kargad izrdeba TiTqmis yvela ti­pis niadagze, Tumca uyvars sinaTle da teni.

dRes es mcenare Zalian popularulia. misgan amzadeben mcenareul farSs, Zexveuls, paStetebs, rZes da rZis produqtebs: karaqs, margarins, maio­nezs, araJans, xaWos, yvels (tofu), aseve fqvils, RerRils, zeTs... gansakuTrebiT cnobilia soias sousi, romelic sakmaod Zvirad fasobs, radgan mis momzadebas TiTqmis erTi weli sWirdeba. es sousi Zalian popularulia aziur samzareuloSi.

soia aris sakvebi danamatic, romelic uamrav sxva produqtSi Sedis, rogoricaa: namcxvrebi, kanfetebi, orcxobilebi, Sokoladi, nayini… ga­moiyeneba plastmasis, medikamentebis, melanis, sawvavis, sapnis, qsovilebis dasamzadeblad. misi

nedli Rero da foTlebi mSvenieri sakvebia cxo­velebisTvis. niadagisTvis aris sasargeblo, bu­nebrivi mwvane sasuqi...

soia mTel msoflioSi CineTidan gavrcelda. is pirvelad swored CineTSi moiyvanes daaxloe­biT 5000 wlis win. I saukunis dasawyisSi Seitanes iaponiaSi, mogvianebiT _ sxva qveynebSic.

soias marcvalSi 40% cilaa, 20­25% _ cximi, 20­30% _ naxSirwylebi, 5% _ wyali. Seicavs D, B1, B2, B3, B6, E vitaminebs. misi mwarmoeblebi amtkiceben, rom is Zalian sasargebloa da TiTqmis mTlianad ana­cvlebs naturalur xorcs, Tevzs, xaWos, yvels... gansakuTrebiT kargia maTTvis, vinc raime mizezis gamo cxovelur produqts ar an ver Wams.

Tumca gansxvavebuli azric arsebobs. eqimebis nawili amtkicebs, rom soias rZis

xSirad moxmareba mavnebelia adamianis kbilebis­Tvis. gansakuTrebiT es exebaT bavSvebs. amitom eqimebi ar gvirCeven mis xSirad miRebas. amave dros, dRes warmoebuli soias 90% genmodifi-cirebulia. ras niSnavs es?

soia sinaTlis moyvaruli mcenarea da sareve­lebi mas advilad Cagraven. swored amitom 1995 wels amerikulma kompaniam `monsantom~ bazar­ze gamouSva axali, genmodificirebuli soia. is mecnierebma xelovnurad gamoiyvanes. mcenaris ujredSi Canerges ucxo geni, romlis Semdeg igi ufro gaZlierda. soia ar aris erTaderTi genmodificirebuli mcenare. gamoyvanilia aseve xorblis uxvmosavliani jiSi, forToxali, rome­lic didxans ar fuWdeba, kartofili, romelsac xoWo ar Wams da sxv.

aseTi produqtebi adamianisTvis saSiSia Tu ara, jer dadasturebuli ar aris. Tumca, cxove­lebze Catarebulma cdebma aCvena, rom mudmivad mxolod genmodificirebuli sakvebis miReba imu­nitetis daqveiTebas da sxvadasxva garTulebas iwvevs. amitom eqimebi girCeven, Tu SesaZlebeli iqneba, aseTi produqtebis moxmarebas moerido.

kanoniT, saqarTveloSi yvela mwarmoebeli valdebulia produqtis etiketze miuTiTos mis SemadgenlobaSi soias arseboba da isic, Tuki es ingredienti genmodificirebulia.

erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi maRaziaSi, savaWro centrSi daakvirdi sursaTs, icaven Tu ara kanons genmodificirebuli produqciis Sesaxeb. aris Tu ara miTiTebuli produq­tze specialuri niSani warweriT GMO.

damatebiTi davaleba

soia

GAGAAam furcliT SegiZlia wigni gaakeTo, Tanac Zalian swrafad. amisaT-vis furceli gazeTidan unda amoxio da wyvetil xazze Suaze gakeco.

kiTxvis d

ro

samxedro d

a sadaz

vervo

samsaxurebs said

uml

o enebis saku

Tar

i eqsper

tebic

hyavT. eqsper

tebs u

amravi xmo

vani Tu wer

ilobiT

i ko

dis gaSif

vra Seu

ZliaT

.

Jestebis ena

adamianebis

nawili

erTmaneT

Tan

uxmo

d,

Jestebis enis saSu

ale­

biT

urTier

Tobs.

ase Zir

iTad

ad isini

saub­

roben,

vinc,

sxvadasx­

va mizez

is gamo, xmo

van ko

munikac

ias ver axer

­xeben

sxvebTan:

ar es­

miT,

ver met

yveleben.

Tumc

a xSirad

Jestebis enas met

yvelebis u

naris mqo

ne adamiane­

bic swavl

oben: z

ogi _

Tar

jimno

bis gamo, z

ogi _

pirad

i gatac

e­bisT

vis, zogs ki iseT

i axlobl

ebi hyavs, roml

ebTan sasau

bro­

dac

aucil

eblad

sWirdeba am enis c

odna.

rogo

rc spec

ialist

ebi amboben, Jest

ebis enis swavla yvel

as Seu

Zlia. amas mxo

lod su

rvil

i, mond

omeba, yu

rad

Reba d

a xangr­

Zlivi var

jiSi sWir

deba.

enebis s

amyaro

erTsa d

a imave Jests sxva­

dasxva

qveyanaSi SeiZl

eba sxvad

asxva Sinaarsi hqo

ndes.

magaliT

ad,

es Jest

i aSS­

Si niSnavs

`yvelaf

eri

kargad

aa~, saf

rangeT

Si –

nu

ls,

iaponiaSi

– ful

s, xo

lo

tunisSi –

gafrTxil

ebas an muqar

as.

yu

rad

RebiT

daakvir

di

fotos.

masze

gamosaxu

lia

qarTul

i anbani

`Jestebis

enaze~.

sainter

esoa,

rogo

r `gamo

iTqmis~ Seni saxel

i? ivarjiSe mis `war

moTqmaSi~.

damat

ebiTi d

avaleba

JestebiT

`Caweril

ia~ sityva, r

omel

ic Sen u

nda gaSif

ro.

o

ra

aris

ena

da

ris

Tvi

s gv

Wirdeb

a is

Cve

n, a

dam

iane

bs?

o

rogo

r s

aubr

obe

n me

tyv

eleb

is g

areS

e, m

xol

od J

est

ebiT

? o

ra

aris

sai

du

mlo

ena

da

vin

qmni

s an

iye

nebs

mas

? o

rat

om ̀

kvdeb

a~ e

sa T

u i

s en

a da

rome

li

eneb

ia g

aqr

obi

s pi

ras

?

waik

iTxe

es

weril

i da

eneb

is S

esax

eb b

evr s

aint

eres

o i

nforma

cia

s ga

igeb

.

ra

aris

ena

?ded

amiw

aze

265­

mde

saxe

obi

s sx

vadas

xva cocxa

li

arse

ba b

inad

robs

. Tumc

a ma

Tga

n mx

ol

od a

dam

iane

bs g

vaqv

s en

a da

Segv

iZl

ia m

etyv

eleb

a.

enis

saS

ual

ebiT

gam

ovx

atav

T e

mocie

bs, vu

rTie

rTobT

, ga

mocdil

ebas

vu

zia

reb

T e

rTma

neTs.

..cxo

vel

ebic

urTie

rTobe

n da

sxva

das

xva

informa

cia

s aw

vdia

n er

Ti­

meores

, Tumc

a es

ar

c en

aa da

arc _

metyv

eleb

a. is

ini

xom

erTi

da

imav

e Se

tyo

bine

bis

gadas

acem

ad m

udmi

vad e

rTsa

da

imav

e xe

rxs

iye

nebe

n.

maga

liT

ad,

mgl

ebi

dRes

ac i

seve

ymu

ian

metoqi

s ga

safrTxi

leb

lad

an

ter

itorii

s mo

sani

Snad

, rogo

rc _

uZv

eles

dros. x

aleb

iani

afTreb

ic

Zvel

eburad

xar

xariT

uxm

obe

n na

dim

ze

Tan

amoZm

eebs

... e

nebi

ki

mudmi

vad

icvl

eba da vi

Tar

deb

a. z

ogi

sit

yva ̀

Zvel

deb

a~ d

a zep

irad

an

weril

obi

T

aRar

gam

oiy

eneb

a. z

ogj

er s

ityv

is m

niSv

nel

oba

mTl

iana

d i

cvl

eba. m

aga­

liT

ad, Zv

elad

`reg

veni

~ ax

alga

zr

das

, gam

ou

cd

els

niSn

avda. d

Res

is

briy

vis

mniS

vnel

obi

T ixm

areb

a. kid

ev u

fro u

cna

uria

sit

yva ̀

medga

ri~

­s

istoria

: dRes

is

Seu

pova

ris

sin

oni

mia, Z

vel

ad k

i z

arma

cs

niSn

avda.

ram

den

i en

aa d

Res

mso

fl

ioSi

?dRes

mso

fl

ioSi

daa

xloeb

iT 6

500

ena

arse

bobs

. en

ebis

zust

i rao

­den

oba

ucno

bia.

ami

s mi

zez

i is

aa, rom,

rac

ar u

nda

ucna

urad

moge

­Cv

enos,

bev

ri

ena jer

kid

ev ar

aris

aRmo

Ceni

li.

ded

amiw

is S

edar

ebiT

mi

uwv

dome

li

reg

ione

bi, am

azoni

, cen

tral

uri

afrik

a, a

xal

i gv

inea

da

zogi

erTi

sxva

ar a

ris

bol

omd

e Se

swav

lil

i. m

sofl

io e

nebi

s na

xeva

r­

ze

mets

dam

werl

oba

ar g

aaC­

nia, is

ini

mxol

od zep

irme

­tyv

eleb

aSi

arse

bobs

. ms

ofl

ioSi

yve

laz

e ga

vr­

cel

ebul

i en

ebia

: in

glis

uri,

uma

Rl

esi

Cinu

ri

(igi

ve ma

n­dar

ini), es

panu

ri, h

indi, a

rab

ul

i, b

enga

liu

ri, r

usu

li, p

ortuga

liu

­ri, i

aponu

ri, g

erma

nul

i da

fran

gul

i. m

aTga

n in

glis

uri

saer

TaS

ori­

so o

rga

nizac

iebi

s ofic

ial

ur e

nad g

amoiy

eneb

a. T

umc

a Se

saZl

ebel

ia,

rom

moma

val

Si e

s funq

cia

sxv

a en

am S

easr

ul

os.

yvel

aze

grZe

li

sit

yveb

i gr

Zel

i si

tyv

ebiT

gan

Tqm

ul

ni g

erma

nel

ebi

aria

n, T

umc

a is

ini

sxva

en

ebSi

c g

vxvd

eba. a

seT s

ityv

ebs

spec

ial

urad

qmn

ian

ama

Tu i

m Si

naar

­si

s ga

mosa

xatav

ad. ga

dmo

cem

is m

ixed

viT, an

tik

ur s

aber

ZneT

Si p

iese

­bi

s av

tors,

aris

tofan

es, Se

udge

nia si

tyv

a, r

oml

is C

asaw

erad

183

aso

sW

irdeb

oda. T

umc

a ra

sityv

a iy

o d

a ras

niS

navd

a, u

cno

bia.

qvem

oT m

ocem

ul

ia g

rZe

li

sityv

ebi, r

oml

ebic

zogi

erT e

vropu

l

enaS

i gv

xvdeb

a:

ger

manu

li:

D

on

aud

amp

fsch

ifff

ahrt

sges

ells

chaf

tska

pit

änsm

ütz

e _

(48

aso) md

inar

e duna

ize

mcurav

i ge

mis

kapi

tni

s qu

di;

hol

and

iuri:

ki

nd

erca

rnav

also

pto

chtv

oo

rber

eid

ings

wer

kzaa

mh

e-d

en _

(48

aso

) sa

bavS

vo k

arna

val

isTvi

s mo

mzad

eba;

ber

Znul

i: Ακτ

ινοχρ

υσοφαιδροβροντολα

μπροφεγ

γοφωτο

στό

λιστο

ς _ (47

aso

) Tva

lis

momW

rel

tan

sacme

lSi

gam

owy

obi

li.

sain

ter

esoa, r

ome

lia

da

ram

den

sim

bol

os

Seic

avs

qarTul

Si y

ve­

laz

e gr

Zel

i si

tyv

a?

said

uml

o e

nebi

ena gv

Wirdeb

a im

isTvi

s, r

om ga

movx

atoT, r

asac

vfiq

robT

an vg

rZn

obT

. Tumc

a zogj

er a

dam

iane

bs s

akuTar

i sa

Tqm

elis

saz

oga

doeb

is r

aRac

na

wil

isga

n dam

alva

und

aT.

amis

Tvi

s is

ini

spec

ial

urad

ig

one

ben

axal

, sa

iduml

o e

nebs

. sa

iduml

o e

nebi

uZv

eles

i droid

an i

yo c

nobi

­l

i. m

agal

iTad

, iu

liu

s ke

isar

s sa

kuTar

i sa

iduml

o e

na h

qond

a. m

as

hyav

da

Sikr

ikeb

ic,

rome

lTa

dax

mareb

iTac

spe

cia

lurad

kodir

ebul

Se

tyo

bine

bebs

gz

avni

da

impe

rii

s mT

el ter

itoria

ze.

ke

isris

mo

wi­

naaR

mdeg

eebs

kodir

ebul

i in

forma

cii

s wa

kiTxv

a­ga

geba

ar S

eeZl

oT.

adam

iane

bi s

aiduml

o e

nebs

bev

ri

sxva

das

xva

mizez

iT q

mnia

n. T

umc

a mi

zan

i yo

vel

Tvi

s er

Tia

: sa

Tqm

eli

ar u

nda

gaig

os

gareS

e pi

rma

. sa

i­duml

o e

nebi

yve

laz

e xS

irad

ome

bis

dros

an p

ol

itik

aSi

gamo

iyen

eba.

Cven

sak

uTar

saT

qmel

s si

tyv

ebiT

gad

movc

emT. Tumc

a fsi

qol

oge

­bi

amb

obe

n, r

om

roca vi

nmes

ves

aubr

ebiT

, ga

dac

emul

i in

forma

cii

s mx

ol

od m

cir

e, d

aaxl

oeb

iT 1

0% m

odis

sit

yveb

ze.

dan

arCe

n 90

%­s

ms

mene

li

Cven

gan

usi

tyv

o ̀si

gnal

ebiT

~ iR

ebs.

ese

nia: J

esteb

i, m

imi­

ka, sa

ubr

is t

oni

, rit

mi, xm

is t

embr

i da

sxv.

ami

to

m d

aima

xso

vre:

mniS

vnel

ova

nia, r

as a

mbo

b, m

agram

, ki

dev

ufro m

niSv

nel

ova

nia, r

o-

gor

amb

ob

Sens

saT

qmel

s.

afrik

a yv

elaz

e uxv

enia

ni k

ont

inen

­tia

. dRei

saTvi

s daa

xloeb

iT 20

00

afrik

ul

i en

a ar

sebo

bs. am

den

i ga

n­sx

vave

bul

i en

a ar

cer

T s

xva

kont

i­ne

ntze

ar g

vxvd

eba.

7oqtomberi, 2015

k i T x v i s d r o

Tavsatexi #1. miwis nakveTis dayofamamas surs, miwis ezo Tanabrad gauyos Ta­

vis oTx vaJs. ezos laTinuri L­is forma aqvs. oTxive Svils unda, rom misi wili nakveTi imave formis iyos, rac aqvs mTlian ezos (anu laTinuri L­is formis).

rogor SeuZlia mamas Svilebis survilis asruleba?

Tavsatexi #2. maTematikuri Tavsatexi asanTis RerebiTSeZleb, asanTis mxolod erTi Reri ga­daaadgilo ise, rom miiRo swori maTemati­kuri toloba?

Tavsatexi #3.

raodenobebis Cawera

suraTze asanTis 3 Reris gamoyenebiT

weria ricxvi 6. daamate asanTis mxolod

3 Reri ise, rom miiRo raodenoba 11.

amocana # 1 _ daexmare mogzaurebsmogzaurebi xevs miadgnen. maT ori vedro aqvT: erTi vedro 4­litriania, meore _ 7­litriani. mogzaurebs zustad 6 litri wyali sWirdebaT sadilis mosamzade­

blad. rogor unda aiRon maT 6 litri wyali? gaiTvaliswine, SesaZlebelia mxolod sami moqmedebis Sesruleba: • vedros mTlianad avseba xevis wyliT; • wylis mTlianad gadasxma vedrodan xevSi; • wylis mTlianad gadasxma erTi vedrodan meoreSi.

amocana # 2.

sad wavida meSvide da?

Svidi da agarakze is­

venebs. yvela raRaciTaa

dakavebuli. pirveli da

wigns kiTxulobs. meore

da sadils amzadebs. me­

same da Wadraks TamaSobs.

meoTxe da krosvords av­

sebs. mexuTe da fanjrebs

wmends. meeqvse da yvavi­

lebs rwyavs. ras akeTebs

meSvide da?

saxaliso gamocanebi da Tavsatexebi

8 oqtomberi, 2015

k i T x v i s d r o

momzadebis procesi: pirveli safexuridaWeri Toki 40­50

sm.­is zomis naWrebad. moirge rezinis xelTaT­manebi. fai furis jamSi Caasxi webo da Sig amoav­le Tokis naWrebi.

daimaxsovre, Toki saguldagulod unda daasvelo weboSi!

meore safexuriaiRe plastmasis

mozrdili jami da yvela mxridan Semoa­kari mas polieTilenis SesafuTi. Semdeg jami pirqve dadgi da polieTilenis fenas Txlad wausvi vazelini.

Tu survili gaqvs, SegiZlia, gans-xvavebuli formis jami SearCio. ase originaluri formis vaza gamogiva.

mesame safexuriaxla droa, Tokis dawebeba daiwyo,

rogorc es fotozea naCvenebi. weboSi amovlebuli Tokis naWrebi ise gaanawile jamze, rom `qseli~ gamovides.

Tu survili gaqvs, SegiZlia, vazas damatebiT feradi Rilebi, patara niJar-ebi an mZivebi daumagro. saamisod isini ubralod weboSi daasvele da Tokebze daamagre.

meoTxe safexuriTokebis damagreba daasrule? axla

droa, gaSres Seni vaza. datove isev pirqve gadatrialebuli 24 saaTiT. roca kargad gaSreba, jams frTxilad Semoacale Tokis vaza. Tu Toks polie­Tilenis SesafuTi miewebeba, isic Zalian frTxilad unda aaZro.

Tu survili gaqvs, SegiZlia vaza SeRe-bo kidec. saamisod gamoiyene swrafSro-badi Sesasxurebeli saRebavi.

Seni vaza mzadaa! axla droa, xili Caawyo.

daimaxsovre: rodesac vazaSi xilis Cawyobas gadawyvet, xili aucileblad kargad gamSralebuli unda iyos. winaaR-mdeg SemTxvevaSi, SeiZleba vazam forma dakargos.

warmatebas gisurveb!

rogor davamzadoT xilis dekoratiuli vaza TokiT

saWiro masala da xelsawyoebi:

msxvili (selis) Toki _ 4­5 metriSesafuTi polieTileniwebo `emulsia~ _ 1 kolofivazelinifaifuris jami plastmasis jamimakratelirezinis xelTaT­ mani _ 1 wyviliferadi mZivebi an Rilebi (sur­ vilis mixedviT)

saintereso xelsaqme