Karakteristik Manusia Komunikan_rev
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Transcript of Karakteristik Manusia Komunikan_rev
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Karakteristik Komunikan
Pendekatan Psikoanalisis
Pendekatan Behaviorisme
Pendekatan Humanisme
Pendekatan Kognitifisme
Menggunakan sebagai perspektif
dasar analisa
Memahami dan mampu
membedakan
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Every person is in certain respects..
a. Like all other person
b. Like some other people
c. Like no other person
(Kluckholn & Murray, 1961)
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DifferentPsychologist
make different
assumptionsabout particular
aspects of a
person..
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What you should do..
Disscuss each approaches with your groups.
Make a posterexplaining the four
approaches. Use your own keywordto explain the key
concepts.
Your time is 25 minutes.
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Psychoanalytic Approach
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PsychoanalyticPrinciples Denotes the active forces within personalty
and inner causes of behavior
Much of behavior determined by unconscious
thought, wishes, memories and so on. Whatwere consciously awaretip of theiceberg
Most thoughts are not accessible at the
moment (preconscious) or totally inaccessible(unconscious)
. some hyphothesis are difficult to test empirically
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What psychoanalisis explains.. ?
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Pendekatan BehaviorismeBehaviorism Approach
Watson (1913)
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BEHAVIORAL LEARNING THEORY
Classical Conditioning
A learning process in which
a response is transferred
from one stimulus to
another after multiple
pairings of the stimuli.
Repetition: repeated
exposure increase the
strength of stimulus-
response association.
Operant Conditioning
(Instrumental Conditioning)
A learning process in which
responses that are usually
voluntary (and thusemitted) come to be
controlled by their
consequences.
Occurs in one of three ways:
positive reinforcement,
negative reinforcement,
punishment.
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Emphasize the role of environmental factorsin influencing behavior.
Focus on learning ( Classical or OperantConditioning)
Referred to StimulusResponse Psychology :
explain observable behavior (responses) interms of environmental events (stimuli).
Stressing on operational definitions: definingconcept in terms of observable and measurable.
The aim is to predict and to control
Behaviorism Principles
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How you see this?
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Both the
psychoanalytic and
behaviorist approaches
are deterministics..
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Pendekatan HumanistikHumanistic Approach
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Human learn to distinguish the self
from its surroundingself concept.
Human beings have a number ofinborn needs or motives,
hierarchy of needs.
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Humanistic believe that people are rational,aware of what they are doing and why.
People help determine their own behavior,and arent simply slaveof their environmentof their past.
Individuals as interpreters of themselves andtheir world, behavior must be understood in
terms of the individuals subjectiveexperience, from the perspective of theactor.
Humanistic Principles
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How You Explain this?
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The Cognitif Approach
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Cognitive psychologistassumed any
information processingmodel would apply
equally to everyone.But individual
differences areapparent.
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Cognitivism forced to seek analogies and
metaphor when trying to describe
construct within the brain.
Internal mental abilities are information
processing systems (adopted concept
from computer science) including
coding, channel capacity, serial/parallelprocessing and so on.
CognitivePrinciples
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What do you think.. ?
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Make your notes..
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Next week review..
Sistem Komunikasi Intrapersonal (Bab 3)
Pahami:
Pengertian Komunikasi Intrapersonal Proses Komunikasi Intrapersonal
Karakteristik setiap tahapan komunikasi
Intrapersonal