Invertebrate Animals Phyla: Phylum Porifera Phylum Cnidaria Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematoda...
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Transcript of Invertebrate Animals Phyla: Phylum Porifera Phylum Cnidaria Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematoda...
Invertebrate Animals
Phyla:• Phylum Porifera• Phylum Cnidaria• Phylum Platyhelminthes• Phylum Nematoda
Cnidaria
Porifera
Nomura Jellyfish
Platyhelminthes
Nematoda
Invertebrate Animals
• Phylum Mollusca• Phylum Annelida• Phylum Arthropoda• Phylum
Echinodermata
Mollusca
Annelida
Arthropoda
Echinodermata
Polychete worm
Taxonomy
• Kingdom – Animalia• Subkingdom – Parazoa (lacks tissues)
• Phylum – Porifera (Pore-bearing)
Branching Tube Sponge
Stove Pipe Sponge
Vase Sponges
Barrel Sponges
Ball Sponges
Rope Sponges
Characteristics
o Simplest of all animals
o Most are marine
o Saltwater sponges - brightly colored
o Freshwater sponges - small and dull green color
o Size – 2 meters to 2 cm
o Skeleton of protein fibers called spongin or spicules.
Sponge Skeletons
SPONGIN
Silica Spicules
Limestone Spicules
Sponge Skeletons
SPICULESVENUS FLOWE
R BASKET
Characteristicso Have pores all over
their bodies
o Water enters through pores bringing in food and oxygen
o Osculum – large opening at the top where excess water leaves
oAsymmetrical
Water Flow Through the
Sponge
WATER IN
WATER OUT
Osculum
Movement
oSessile as adults (attach to rocks)
oFree-swimming larval stage
• Choanocytes line the gastrovascular cavity & capture food
• Amebocytes digest & distribute food
o Filter feeders on planktonNutrition:
• Choanocytes (collar cells) line inside of body cavity
• Have flagella that spins to pull in water & food
• Collar traps plankton (food) from water
oAmebocytes:• Pick up food from
choanocytes• Finish digestion• Take food to other cells
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8a0oNsDEx8
Sponge Reproductiono Sponges are
hermaphrodites (produce both eggs & sperm)
o Sponges reproduce Sexually by releasing eggs & sperm into the water from the osculum
o Cross-fertilize each other’s eggs
o Form a larva that settles on a rock and grow into an adult sponge
Sponge releasing
eggs & sperm
Sponge Reproduction
oSponges can regenerate (regrow) lost body parts
oAlso reproduce asexually by budding and fragmentation (pieces break off & form a new sponge)
Surviving Harsh Conditions
o Gemmules are specialized buds made to survive harsh weather (hot or cold)
Write on the back of the graphic organizer
oContain food, amebocytes, and a protective covering of spicules
oReleased when a sponge dies
oBecome adult sponge once conditions become favorable