Introduction to Verbs

VERBS (DOING WORDS)

ACTION WORDS (VERBS)

•いきます　 to go•します　　　　 to do•みます　　 to watch / see/ look 　　•かいます to buy•よみます to read•ききます to listen

ACTION WORDS (VERBS)

•いきます　 go•します　　　　 do•みます　　 watch / see/ look 　　•かいます buy•よみます read•ききます listen

Action Words (Verbs) Rule No1

• to read, to buy, to watch, to do, to go, to listen….

～ます

ICKY(GO TO HOSPITAL!) いきます GO

SHE MUST DO! します DO

ME MUST WATCH! みます WATCH

　LISTEN! OR I WILL KICK YOU! ききます LISTEN

BUY STUFF AT KMART!! かいます BUY

Some more verbs

• たべます – to eat• のみます – to drink• あいます – to meet• とります – to take • ねます – to sleep• おきます – to wake up • かきます – to write • よみます – to read

• Can you come up with a mnemonic for each of the above verbs to help you remember them?

ACTION WORDS (VERBS) RULE NO.2

Action Words (Verbs) must come at the end of the

sentence.

Also, remember to mark the doer (the person who does the action)

with はは (‘wa’, not ‘ha’)is called topic

marker

HOW WOULD YOU SAY…..

•I eat.


•I eat.わたしは　たべます。


•I eat.わたしは　たべます。 I eat

HOW WOULD YOU SAY….

•I drink.


•I drink.•わたしは　のみます。


•I drink.わたしは　のみます。 I drink


•I go.


•I go.わたしは　いきます。


•I go.わたしは　いきます。 I go

THEN HOW WOULD YOU ADD:

what you eat (e.g. breakfast)what you drink(e.g. milk)what you watch(e.g. movie)

N.B. These are called ‘Objects’

ADDING ‘OBJECTS’ TO A SENTENCE

Let’s check if you understand what the objects are.Which words are objects in the following

sentences?

I eat cakes.I watch TV.I drink cola.

OBJECTS MARKER をLet’s check if you understand what are the objects.Which words are objects in the following sentences:

I eat cakes.I watch TV.I drink cola.

DIRECT OBJECT MARKER をTo add Objects (what you eat, what you drink etc.) to a sentence, you need to mark the direct object with を (object marker)

NOTE: To find out what a direct object of a sentence is, you simply ask the question ‘What?’E.g. I eat sushi.

Ask: I eat what? Answer: Sushi.

Therefore the direct object is sushi and must be followed by を .わたしは　すしを　たべます。

OBJECTS MARKER をI eat sushi.

わたしは　すしを　たべます。 I 　　　 sushi eat


I watch a movie.

わたしは　えいがを　みます。 I movie watch

HOW WOULD YOU SAY…

I drink cola.

ぼくは koora を　のみます。 I cola drink

I drink cola.

ADDING THE TIME OF THE ACTION:

Mark the time with ‘ Time marker に (at)’

at 8 o’clock 八じにat 1 o’clock 一じに

ぼくは　八じに　あさごはんを　たべます。 I at 8:00 breakfast eat

SAYING WHAT TIME YOU GET UP AND SLEEP

• The verbs for get up is おきます and to sleep is ねます .

• Do you think these verbs have a direct object? Do we use the particle を　 with these verbs?

• To say you get up/sleep at a certain time you say: TIME におきます /ねます . E.g. ( わたしは ) 六じはんにおきます。

I 6:30 at wake up. = I wake up at 6:30.

In Japanese, word order is flexible!(unlike English)

So you can insert ‘time of the action wherever you like as long as action

words (verbs) come at the end of the sentence.

SO, YOU CAN SAY EITHER:

• I eat breakfast at 8 o’clock.

ぼくは　八時に　あさごはんを　たべます。 I at 8 o’clock breakfast eat

OR

八時にぼくは　　あさごはんを　たべます。 at 8 o’clock I breakfast eat

SUMMARY

•Verbs end with ‘ ます’　• Verbs come at the end•Doer is marked with ‘ は’•Objects needs to be marked with‘ を’　• Time needs to be marked with‘ に’• Japanese word order is flexible• Person は +Time に +Object を +Verb( ま

す ) 。

Introduction to Verbs

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