Electricity and hydroelectrics

Author : Kristīne MozuleForm : 8.a

HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY

The first time electrical phenomena was described in Greece most probably in the 17th century.People who were related to electricity history :

Albert Einstein  Thomas Edison

Galileo Galilei 

HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY IN LATVIA

In Latvia people started to use the electrical energy in 1970. The first electricity companies were found in 19.-20. century. 1939 – the beginning of Latvian power system. In 1955 more power stations began to operate.

In Latvia there are still some estates where is no electricity (in Latvia 0,1 % people do not have electricity), because :• some houses are located far from inhabited centers;• people do not have money, in order to pay for the electricity.

About electricity now

HEPSHEPS is power station which uses water to produce electricity. Hydroelectric power stations produce about 7% of the world energy.

HEPS HISTORY IN LATVIASmall hydropower stations began to develop in 1950. From 1945 to 1960 were built 20 small rural HES. In 1998 year in Latvia operated 35 small HES.

HYDROELECTRIC IN LATVIA

Aiviekste HEPS - the first hydroelectric power plant in Latvia, it was founded in 1925.

Aiviekste HEPS

ĶEGUMS HESĶegums HEPS is the oldest HEPS on the river Daugava

RĪGA HEPSRīga Hydroelectric station is the youngest one on the river Daugavas.

PĻAVIŅAS HESPļaviņu hydroelectric station produces the most of the electricity.

SMALL HES In my neighboring village Ambeļi there 3

Hydroelectric stations. So I decided we need a small power station Višķi too.

I have chosen to build a HES, because there is a river and useless (nobody uses it because it is not fertile) land

In order to make electricity production more effective it is necessary• to have water supply all year round;• and the sweep should be steep and 7 meters high;

7 m

HEPS SCHEMETo build a HEPS a dam is necessary.

HEPS operating principles:

1. Falling water spins the turbine;

2. turbines operate generators;

3. generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy;

AVANTAGES+ Hydroelectric produces much electricity;+ Energy is rather cheep;+ The pollution is minimal;+Stations can operate for many years;+ They are more economic for home owners than solar power;+ People will have workplace (decrease the rate of unemployment);+A HAPS produces about 500 Kw per hour, but each family consumes about 200 kw per month.+ In this river is little fish, so the fish will not suffer as it happens on larger rivers during the spawn (for example, salmons)

- HEPS will flood neighborhood, bigger areas would be under water;

- Careless people can drown;- The construction of dam is rather

expensive

DISADVANTAGES

HEPS CONSTRUCTION IN MY PLACE, IN VIŠĶI

I would build a small HEPS on the river which flows across the meadow and poor land, in order not to inundate homes and farms, because for HEPS construction a lot of area is necessary.

CONCLUSION

yesnonot sure