Grammar

Attributive Clause

基础知识一 概念1. 定语从句2. 先行词3. 关系词二 关系词的类型与选择

定语从句的引导词

关系代词

关系副词

指人

指物

主语 who/that

宾语 whom/who/that

定语 whose

主语 which/that

宾语 which/that

定语 whose

Where( 地点状语 )

When( 时间状语 )Why( 原因状语 )

Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.

分析两种定语从句省略后的结果

The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.

分析两种定语从句省略后的结果

限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，所以不能省略

意义 功能 形式 关系词

限定性定语从句

起限定作用若省略原句意义不完整

修饰先行词

通常紧跟先行词，无逗号

可用 that，作宾语时可以省略

非限定性定语从句

起补充说明作用若省去原句意义不受影响

既可修饰先行词又可修饰整个句子

有逗号与主句隔开

不能用that 不能省略

两种定语从句的区别

人小鬼大的 as

The earth is round. It is known to all.

The earth is round, as is known to all.

As is known to all, the earth is round.

The earth is round, which is known to all.

He married Jenny.

This was natural( 自然的 ; 正常的 )

He married Jenny ,as /which was natural.

As was natural,he married Jenny

She is very good at dance.Everybody knows this.

As everybody knows,she is very good at dance.

She is very good at dance, as /which everybody knows.

It has been said above.Grammar is a set of dead rules.

Grammar is a set of dead rules,as /which has been said above.

As has been said above,grammar is a set of rules.

I want to have such a dictionary as he has.

I shall do it in the same way as you did.

I like the same book as you do.

The experiment is very important, as indeed it is

As is known to all, he is the best student in our class

As we all know, he works very hard.

Please compare:

This is the same pen as I lost.

This is the same pen that I lost.

这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。

这本书就是我丢的那本。

Please complete the following sentences and compare:This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.This is so interesting a book ____ we all like.

This is such an interesting book ____ we all like it.This is so interesting a book ____ we all like it.

这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。 ( 定语从句 )

这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。 ( 结果状语从句 )

asas

thatthat

1. It rained hard yesterday, _____ prevented us from going to the park.A. that B. which C. as D. it

B

2.______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. What

B

3. Chongqing is not the same city _______ we have seen in other places. A. that B. which C. 不填 D. as

D

4. Such signs _____we use in the experiment ______Greek letters. A. as ,are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is

A

(94 NMET) _______ is known to all, China will be an _____powerful country in 20 or 30 years’ time.A.That;advancing B. This;advancedC. As;advancedD. Which; advanced

Key: C

5.I passed him a large glass of whisky, _____ he drank immediately . A.that B.as C.which D.who

C

6.They hope to get such a tool ___ he is using

A.where B. that C.as D. which

C

7.It was raining,_____was a pity. A.what B.that C.as D.which

D

8. My village is no longer the same ___ it used to be.

A.which B.as C.where D.when

B

9.______is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.

A.It B. As C. That D. Which

B

10.  The weight of an object in space is not the same _____ it weights on the surface of the earth.

A. that B. as

C. which D. what

B

11.This book is not such 11.This book is not such _____I hope._____I hope.

A.that B.which C.as A.that B.which C.as D.whatD.what

C