Expertisi CT Scan Kepala
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Expertisi CT Scan Expertisi CT Scan kepalakepala
simple dan praktissimple dan praktis
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Computer tomography scan Computer tomography scan Untuk melihat organ/ tubuh pada Untuk melihat organ/ tubuh pada
irisan-irisan tertentu sesuai irisan-irisan tertentu sesuai kebutuhankebutuhan
Dapat merekonstruksi kembali Dapat merekonstruksi kembali bentuk anatomi 3 dimensibentuk anatomi 3 dimensi
Memberikan gambaran bentuk Memberikan gambaran bentuk normal maupun lesi patologisnormal maupun lesi patologis
Perlu pengetahuan anatomi otakPerlu pengetahuan anatomi otak Ct angiografi ( multi slices ct scan ) Ct angiografi ( multi slices ct scan )
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DensitasDensitas Hiperdens ( massa padat )Hiperdens ( massa padat ) Isodens Isodens Hipodens ( massa cair )Hipodens ( massa cair )
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Potongan/irisan standarPotongan/irisan standar Potongan axialPotongan axial Sejajar orbito-meatus lineSejajar orbito-meatus line Mulai dari basis craniiMulai dari basis cranii55
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IndikasiIndikasi Cedera kepalaCedera kepala Tidak sadarTidak sadar KejangKejang Sakit kepala kronisSakit kepala kronis Defisit neurologisDefisit neurologis Dan lain-lainDan lain-lain
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Perlu diperhatianPerlu diperhatian1.1. Extra cranial soft tissue Extra cranial soft tissue 2.2. Bentuk tulangBentuk tulang3.3. Lesi ( +/_ )Lesi ( +/_ )4.4. Letak lesiLetak lesi5.5. Densitas lesiDensitas lesi6.6. Bentuk lesiBentuk lesi7.7. Ukuran lesiUkuran lesi8.8. Efek massa n pergeseran garis tengahEfek massa n pergeseran garis tengah9.9. EdemaEdema
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1. Extra cranial soft tissue1. Extra cranial soft tissue Lokasi swelling / subgaleal Lokasi swelling / subgaleal
hematomehematome
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2. Bentuk tulang2. Bentuk tulang SimetrisSimetris Diskontinyutas/ defek tulang ( lebih Diskontinyutas/ defek tulang ( lebih
jelas pada bone window imagejelas pada bone window image
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3. Ukuran3. Ukuran Volume dan ukuran lesi dapat Volume dan ukuran lesi dapat
diperkirakandiperkirakan Menentukan strategi PenangananMenentukan strategi Penanganan
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4. Efek massa n pergeseran garis 4. Efek massa n pergeseran garis tengahtengah
Efek yang timbul terhadap struktur Efek yang timbul terhadap struktur lainnya, terutama terhadap garis lainnya, terutama terhadap garis tengatenga
Pergeseran garis tengah 5mm atau Pergeseran garis tengah 5mm atau lebih, indikasi operasilebih, indikasi operasi
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5. Letak5. Letak Ekstraaxial atau intraaxial lesiEkstraaxial atau intraaxial lesi Supra / infra tentorialSupra / infra tentorial Cerebrum, cerebellum atau batang Cerebrum, cerebellum atau batang
otakotak Frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital Frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital
atau bagian otak yang lainatau bagian otak yang lain Bagian lain otakBagian lain otak
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6. Bentuk/jenis6. Bentuk/jenisperdarahan intrakranialperdarahan intrakranial
A. Ellips ( epidural hamatoma )A. Ellips ( epidural hamatoma )B. Bulan sabit/ mengikuti permukaan otak B. Bulan sabit/ mengikuti permukaan otak
(subdural hematoma )(subdural hematoma )C. Bulat/ tidak teratur ( intracerebral hematoma )C. Bulat/ tidak teratur ( intracerebral hematoma )D. Sesuai sisterna / sulcus ( subarachnoid D. Sesuai sisterna / sulcus ( subarachnoid
hemorhagehemorhageE. Sesuai bentuk ventrikel ( intraventrikel E. Sesuai bentuk ventrikel ( intraventrikel
hematoma ) hematoma ) F . Pepper n salt ( kontusi otak )F . Pepper n salt ( kontusi otak )G. Edema cerebriG. Edema cerebriH. Lesi CampuranH. Lesi Campuran
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A. Epidural hematoma (EDH)A. Epidural hematoma (EDH) Bentuk elips, cakramBentuk elips, cakram Letak ipsilateral jejasLetak ipsilateral jejas Lebih sering pada usia mudaLebih sering pada usia muda
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B. Subdural hematoma (SDH)B. Subdural hematoma (SDH) Bentuk sabit, mengikuti permukaan Bentuk sabit, mengikuti permukaan
otakotak Letak bisa ipsi maupun kontra lateralLetak bisa ipsi maupun kontra lateral Lebih mudah pada usia tua atau Lebih mudah pada usia tua atau
anak-anakanak-anak
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C. Intracerebral/intracerebellar C. Intracerebral/intracerebellar hematoma (ICH)hematoma (ICH)
Letak intraparekimLetak intraparekim Bentuk bulat/ tidak teraturBentuk bulat/ tidak teratur
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D. Subarachnoid hemorhage (SAH)D. Subarachnoid hemorhage (SAH)
Gambar putih tipisGambar putih tipis Mengisi rongga subarachnoid (sulcus Mengisi rongga subarachnoid (sulcus
maupun sisterna)maupun sisterna) Potensi terjadi hydrocephalusPotensi terjadi hydrocephalus
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E.Intraventrikel hematoma (IVH)E.Intraventrikel hematoma (IVH) Letak sesuai ventrikelLetak sesuai ventrikel Bisa satu, lebih atau semua ventrikelBisa satu, lebih atau semua ventrikel Potensi terjadi hydrocephalusPotensi terjadi hydrocephalus
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F. Kontusi otakF. Kontusi otak Cambar pepper n salt atau putih Cambar pepper n salt atau putih
kecilkecil Ipsi/kontralateral (Coup/contrecoup)Ipsi/kontralateral (Coup/contrecoup) Sering bersamaan dengan SAH Sering bersamaan dengan SAH
maupun SDHmaupun SDH
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G. Edema otakG. Edema otak Sulcus/ sisterna menyempit / hilangSulcus/ sisterna menyempit / hilang Diferensiasi white n grey matter Diferensiasi white n grey matter
kaburkabur Ventrikel menyempitVentrikel menyempit Batas batang otak tidak jelasBatas batang otak tidak jelas
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H. Lesi campuranH. Lesi campuran
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Thank youThank you